SOCIAL WORKERS

See also MENTAL HEALTH WORKERS

Access to data

Foster care provider skills and training forms, Minn. Statutes 2009 245A.155

Investigations, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.245

Maternal death studies, Minn. Statutes 2009 145.901

Medical records, generally, see Access to data under MEDICAL RECORDS

Records, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.245, 148D.250, 148E.230, 148E.245, 148E.250

Vaccination records, information exchange, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.3351

Addresses

Change, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.090, 148E.090

Tuberculosis health order hearings, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4805

Advertisements, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.195, 148E.085, 148E.195

Associations, Minn. Statutes 2009 148B.07

Background checks, see Criminal history background checks under this topic

Billing, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.235, 148E.230, 148E.235

Business licenses, exception, Minn. Statutes 2009 116J.70

Chemically dependent social workers

Evaluation, orders, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.245, 148E.245

Client systems, generally, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010

Clients, generally, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010

Clinical social workers, see CLINICAL SOCIAL WORKERS

Commitment, effect, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.265, 148E.265

Community integrated service networks, see COMMUNITY INTEGRATED SERVICE NETWORKS

Complaints

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.185, 148D.245, 148D.270

Law effective 2011

Actions to resolve complaints, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.255

Disciplinary actions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.260

Duties of board regarding, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.245

Investigations, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.185

Reports about, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.195

Voluntary actions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.270

Confidential or privileged information

Client information, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.230, 148E.230, 148E.245, 148E.250

Commitments, waivers, Minn. Statutes 2009 253B.23

Contested cases

Disciplinary action, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.245, 148E.245, 148E.265

Generally, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.045, 148E.045

Licenses, suspension or revocation, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.260, 148E.260

Continuing education

Audits, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.145, 148D.165, 148E.145, 148E.165

Clock hours, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.130 to 148E.140, 148E.165

Clock hours, approval, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.135

Fees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.145, 148E.175, 148E.180

Independent study, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.130

Licensees, duties, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.165, 148E.165

Licenses, reactivation, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.080, 148E.080, 148E.165

Licenses, renewals

Board authority to require, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.12

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.070, 148D.130 to 148D.140, 148E.130

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.070, 148E.130, 148E.135, 148E.165

Programs, see Continuing education programs under this topic

Providers

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.145, 148D.150, 148D.170

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.145, 148E.150, 148E.170

Records and record keeping, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.145, 148E.165

Variances, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.140, 148E.140

Continuing education programs

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.155, 148D.160, 148D.170

Law effective 2011

Approval, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.160, 148E.170

Clock hours, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.130, 148E.135

Criteria for offering programs, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.145

Receiving credit for, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.155

Contracts and agreements, disciplinary action, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.16

Crimes against minors, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.245, 631.40

Criminal history background checks

Licenses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148D.060, 148E.055, 148E.060

Definitions

Board of Social Work Practice Act, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.010, 148E.010

Child mortality review panel, Minn. Statutes 2009 256.01

Commitment and Treatment Act, Minn. Statutes 2009 253B.02

Health law, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4172

Professional firms, Minn. Statutes 2009 319B.02

Tuberculosis Health Threat Act, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4803

Workers' compensation, Minn. Statutes 2009 176.011

Directories, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.071

Disciplinary action

Emeritus status licensees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075

Forms of

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.061, 148D.255, 148D.260

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.255, 148E.260

Grounds

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148D.061, 148D.185, 148D.190

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.060, 148E.075, 148E.085, 148E.185, 148E.190, 148E.205

Inactive status licensees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075

Patient Protection Act, violations, Minn. Statutes 2009 62J.74

Reports about, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.285, 148E.285, 148E.290

Voluntarily terminated licensees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.085, 148E.085

Disciplinary action, grounds, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.16

Disclosure

Client information, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.230, 148E.230

Privileged communications, Minn. Statutes 2009 595.02

Discrimination, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.215, 148E.215

Education and training

Assessment and diagnosis, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.225

Fetal alcohol syndrome, Minn. Statutes 2009 145.9266

Generally, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010

License requirements, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148D.061, 148E.055, 148E.060

Supervisors, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.062, 148E.120

Emeritus status, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075, 148E.075

Ethics, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.130

Evaluations by, chronically ill persons, Minn. Statutes 2009 62S.02

Evidence, privileged communications, Minn. Statutes 2009 595.02

Examinations, licenses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148D.060, 148D.061, 148E.055, 148E.060

Fees

Client fees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.230, 148D.235, 148E.230, 148E.235

Continuing education, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.180

Health Department, duties, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.699

Licenses

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055 to 148D.095, 148D.061, 148D.175, 148D.180

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.060 to 148E.095, 148E.175, 148E.180

Supervision, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.120, 148E.125

Graduate social workers

Clinical practice, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.060, 148E.106

Licenses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148E.055, 148E.060

Practice, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.050

Supervision

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.062, 148D.105, 148E.105

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.105, 148E.106, 148E.120

Supervision by, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.100, 148E.105

Guardians for, appointment, effect, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.265, 148E.265

Health care taxes, collection, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.16

Hearings

Complaint investigations, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.260, 148E.260

Licenses, temporary suspension, disciplinary hearings, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.260, 148E.260

Identification, name tags, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.6585

Immunity, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.285, 148E.285

Inactive status, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075, 148E.075

Independent social workers

Licenses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148E.055, 148E.105, 148E.106, 148E.110

Practice, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.050

Supervision

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.062, 148D.110, 148E.110

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.110, 148E.120, 148E.125

Supervision by, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.100, 148E.105

Infection control practitioners, designation, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4803

Information exchange

Clients, rights, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.195

Disclosure, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.230, 148E.230

Vaccination records, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.3351

Informed consent, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.215, 148D.230, 148E.215, 148E.230

Injunctions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.265, 148E.265

Insurance fraud, see under FRAUD

Interns

Defined, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010

Licenses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.065

Interpreters, use, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.230, 148E.230

Investigations

Complaints, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.245, 148E.185, 148E.245

Cooperation, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.250, 148E.250

Licenses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.070, 148E.055, 148E.070

Subpoenas, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.245, 148E.245

Lawsuits, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.240

Leaves of absence, temporary, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075, 148D.080, 148E.075, 148E.080

Liability

Child abuse and maltreatment reports, Minn. Statutes 2009 626.556

Drug abuse by pregnant women, reports, Minn. Statutes 2009 626.5561

Health threat to others, reporting, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4175

Psychotherapy services, Minn. Statutes 2009 148.975

Tuberculosis, good faith reporting, immunity, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4804

Violations, reporting, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.285, 148E.285

Licensed health professionals

Social workers defined as, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4172, 144.4803

Licensed social workers

Allied independent health providers, Minn. Statutes 2009 62Q.10

Defined as health officers, Minn. Statutes 2009 253B.02

Licensees

Application of law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.015, 148E.015, 148E.020

Emeritus status, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075, 148E.080

Names, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.090, 148E.090

Resignation, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.285

Temporary licensees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148E.060

Licenses

Alcohol and drug counselor licenses, exceptions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148C.11

Business licenses, exception, Minn. Statutes 2009 116J.70

Cards, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.095, 148E.095, 148E.180

Categories of, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148E.055

Changes, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055

Criminal history background checks, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148D.060, 148E.055, 148E.060

Emeritus status, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075, 148D.080, 148E.075, 148E.080

Endorsement, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055

Endorsements, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055

Exemptions

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.065, 148D.085

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.065, 148E.120

Expiration

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.061, 148D.070, 148D.080

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.060, 148E.070, 148E.080

Fees, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.699

Foreign jurisdictions, applicants, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148D.061, 148E.055, 148E.060, 148E.120

Generally, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.050, 148E.010, 148E.050, 148E.055

Geographic waivers, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.065, 148E.065

Graduate social workers, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148E.055, 148E.060

Home care services licenses, exemptions, Minn. Statutes 2009 144A.46

Inactive status, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075, 148E.075

Independent social workers, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148E.055, 148E.105, 148E.125

Interns, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.065, 148E.065

Investigations, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.070

Minority group members, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.065, 148E.065

Names, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010, 148E.090

Provisional, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.061 to 148D.063

Public employees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.065, 148E.065

Reactivation

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.080, 148D.085

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.070, 148E.080, 148E.085, 148E.165, 148E.180

Renewals

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.070, 148D.125, 148D.130, 148E.130

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.020, 148E.070, 148E.075, 148E.125, 148E.130, 148E.135, 148E.165

Licensing board law, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.12

Requirements, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.055, 148E.055

Supervision

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148D.061 to 148D.063

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.060, 148E.070, 148E.080

Suspension or revocation

Conviction of crime, Minn. Statutes 2009 631.40

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148D.061, 148D.063, 148D.260, 148D.265

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.020, 148E.060, 148E.260, 148E.265

Licensing board law, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.10

Teachers, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148E.055, 148E.060

Temporary licenses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148E.055, 148E.060, 148E.080

Variances, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.035

Voluntary termination, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.080, 148D.085, 148E.080, 148E.085

Wall certificates

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.085, 148D.095, 148D.180, 148D.195

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.080 to 148E.095, 148E.180, 148E.195

Local social services agencies, Minn. Statutes 2009 256B.0911, 256I.04

Marriage and family therapy, exceptions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148B.38

Medical social workers, services, health care taxes, Minn. Statutes 2009 295.50

Misrepresentation, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.195

Names

Change, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.090, 148E.090

Professional names, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.010, 148D.090, 148E.010, 148E.090, 148E.195

Tuberculosis health order hearings, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4805

Notice given

Addresses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.090, 148E.090

Client information, disclosure, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.230, 148E.230

Fees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.230

Medical records, access, patients' rights, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.334

Names, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.090, 148E.090

Payments to

Developmentally disabled persons, comprehensive evaluations, costs, Minn. Statutes 2009 252A.20

Third party payments, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.230, 148E.235

Photographs, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.230

Physical examinations, orders, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.245, 148E.245

Practice of social work

Cessation, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.270, 148E.270

Clinical practice, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010

Delegation of duties, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.200

Direct clinical client contact, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010

Exceptions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.065

Generally, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.010, 148E.010, 148E.050

Impairment, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.205, 148E.205

Inactive licensees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075, 148E.075

Person-in-environment perspective, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010

Standards, compliance

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148D.185 to 148D.290, 148E.106

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.060, 148E.130, 148E.185 to 148E.290

Supervised practice

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.061, 148D.062, 148D.100, 148D.105, 148E.100

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.100 to 148E.106, 148E.125

Temporary licensees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.060

Variances, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.075

Voluntarily terminated licensees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.085, 148E.085

Professional firms, authority to organize, Minn. Statutes 2009 319B.40

Professionals, social workers defined as, Minn. Statutes 2009 256.01

Psychiatric social workers, defined as health care providers, Minn. Statutes 2009 176.011

Psychotherapy, Minn. Statutes 2009 148.975

Public information and education programs

Paternity, establishing, consulting, Minn. Statutes 2009 257.75

Qualified mental health professionals

Independent clinical social workers defined as, Minn. Statutes 2009 256J.08

Records and record keeping

Access to data, see same under this topic

Client records

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.230, 148D.245, 148D.250

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.225, 148E.230, 148E.245, 148E.250

Continuing education, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.145, 148E.165

Treatment and intervention services, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.225, 148E.225

Vaccination records, information exchange, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.3351

Referrals by, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.235, 148E.200, 148E.235

Regulated persons, social workers defined as, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.16

Reports given

Child abuse and maltreatment reports, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.240, 148E.230, 148E.240, 626.556

Drug abuse by pregnant women, Minn. Statutes 2009 626.5561

Health threats to others, liability, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4175

Obligations, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.240, 148E.240

Self-reporting, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.205, 148D.240, 148E.205, 148E.240

Subpoenas, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.240

Tuberculosis, reportable persons, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4804

Vulnerable adults, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.240, 148E.230, 148E.240

Research, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.215, 148E.215

Resignation, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.285, 148E.285

School social workers, see SCHOOL SOCIAL WORKERS

Scope of practice

Abortion, health plan companies, compliance, Minn. Statutes 2009 62Q.145

License requirements, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.050, 148D.061, 148E.050, 148E.060

Restrictions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.260

Sex offenders, assessing and treating

Practice of medicine, exemptions, Minn. Statutes 2009 147.09

Sexual exploitation by

Current social work law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.010, 148D.220, 148D.245

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010, 148E.220, 148E.245, 148E.270

Licensed professional counselors, Minn. Statutes 2009 148A.01 to 148A.06

Social Work Board, see SOCIAL WORK BOARD

Social workers associations, reports given, Minn. Statutes 2009 148B.07

Statements by, domestic abuse victims, Minn. Statutes 2009 268.095

Students, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.010, 148E.010, 148E.065

Subpoenas, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.240, 148D.245, 148E.230, 148E.240, 148E.245

Supervision

After licensure

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.062, 148D.063, 148D.100, 148E.105

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.100 to 148E.106, 148E.110

Client relationships, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.215

Clinical supervision, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.063, 148E.010, 148E.120

Definitions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.010, 148E.010

Generally, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.200

License requirements

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148D.061, 148D.070, 148D.200

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.060, 148E.070, 148E.080, 148E.110

Planning, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.063, 148D.125, 148E.125

Verification, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.063, 148D.125, 148E.100, 148E.125

Supervisors

Current law

Documentation of supervision, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.125

Licensed graduate social workers, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.105

Licensed independent clinical social workers, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.115

Licensed independent social workers, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.110

Licensed social workers, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.100

Provisional licensees, supervision, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.061 to 148D.063

Requirements, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.120

Definitions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.100 to 148E.106, 148E.120 to 148E.130

Tape recordings, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.230

Task forces, professions working with violence and abuse, Minn. Statutes 2009 135A.153

Teachers, licenses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148E.055, 148E.060

Telephone numbers, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.090, 148E.090

Termination of services, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.225

Testimony, tuberculosis carriers, endangerment to public health

Sufficiency of evidence, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4809

Titles, use of, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075, 148E.060, 148E.195, 148E.280, 148E.290

Travel expenses, developmentally disabled persons

Comprehensive evaluations, Minn. Statutes 2009 252A.20

Treatment and intervention services, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.225, 148E.225

Variances

Continuing education, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.140, 148E.140

Generally, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.035, 148E.035

Practice of social work, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.075, 148E.075

Videotapes, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.230

Violations and penalties

Adversarial but nondisciplinary actions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.255, 148E.265

Cease and desist orders, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.265, 148E.265

Chemical dependency assessments, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.245

Client relationships, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.215 to 148D.235, 148E.210 to 148E.220, 148E.235, 148E.245

Contracts, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.16

Corrective action, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.270, 148E.255, 148E.270

Crimes against a minor, revocation of license, Minn. Statutes 2009 214.10

Fees, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.235, 148E.270

Fines, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.255, 148E.260

Generally, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.185 to 148D.290, 148E.185 to 148E.290

Health threat to others, false reports, Minn. Statutes 2009 144.4175

Hearings, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.260

Injunctions, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.265, 148E.265

Mental or physical examinations, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.245

Practice standards, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.060, 148D.185 to 148D.290, 148E.055, 148E.060, 148E.185 to 148E.290

Practicing without license

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.190, 148D.265, 148D.275

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.055, 148E.085, 148E.190, 148E.240, 148E.265, 148E.275, 148E.290

Reporting requirements, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.285, 148E.240, 148E.285, 148E.290

Reprimands, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.260

Sexual conduct, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.010

Titles, unauthorized use

Current law, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.195, 148D.280

Law effective 2011, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.195, 148E.280, 148E.290

Unprofessional or unethical conduct, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.210

Waivers

Commitments, confidential or privileged information, Minn. Statutes 2009 253B.23

Licenses, Minn. Statutes 2009 148D.065, 148E.065

Mental or physical examinations or chemical dependency evaluations, Minn. Statutes 2009 148E.245