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CHAPTER 260B. DELINQUENCY

Table of Sections
Section Headnote
260B.0001 MS 2006 [Renumbered 15.001]
GENERAL PROVISIONS
260B.001 TITLE, INTENT, AND CONSTRUCTION.
260B.002 POLICY ON DISPROPORTIONATE MINORITY CONTACT.
260B.005 SCOPE OF VICTIM RIGHTS.
260B.007 DEFINITIONS.
EXPERT ASSISTANCE
260B.050 EXPERT ASSISTANCE.
COUNTY HOME SCHOOLS
260B.060 COUNTY HOME SCHOOLS.
260B.070 EXISTING HOME SCHOOLS CONTINUED.
DETENTION HOMES
260B.080 DETENTION HOMES.
JURISDICTION
260B.101 JURISDICTION.
260B.103 TRANSFERS FROM OTHER COURTS.
260B.105 VENUE.
CERTIFICATION
260B.125 CERTIFICATION.
EXTENDED JURISDICTION JUVENILE PROSECUTION
260B.130 EXTENDED JURISDICTION JUVENILE PROSECUTIONS.
PROCEDURES
260B.141 PETITION.
260B.143 PROCEDURE; JUVENILE PETTY AND MISDEMEANOR OFFENDERS.
260B.151 SUMMONS; NOTICE.
260B.152 SERVICE OF SUMMONS, NOTICE.
260B.154 FAILURE TO OBEY SUMMONS OR SUBPOENA; CONTEMPT, ARREST.
260B.157 INVESTIGATION; PHYSICAL AND MENTAL EXAMINATION.
260B.159 CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR JUVENILE OFFENDERS.
260B.163 HEARING.
260B.168 COMPLIANCE WITH INDIAN CHILD WELFARE ACT.
RECORDS
260B.171 RECORDS.
260B.173 [Repealed, 2007 c 54 art 5 s 21]
DETENTION
260B.175 TAKING CHILD INTO CUSTODY.
260B.176 RELEASE OR DETENTION.
260B.178 DETENTION HEARING.
260B.181 PLACE OF TEMPORARY CUSTODY; SHELTER CARE FACILITY.
260B.185 EXTENSION OF DETENTION PERIOD.
260B.188 CHILDREN IN CUSTODY; RESPONSIBILITY FOR MEDICAL CARE.
DISPOSITION
260B.193 DISPOSITIONS; GENERAL PROVISIONS.
260B.198 DISPOSITIONS; DELINQUENT CHILD.
260B.199 PLACEMENT OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS AT MINNESOTA CORRECTIONAL FACILITY-RED WING.
260B.201 MANDATORY COMMITMENT TO COMMISSIONER OF CORRECTIONS.
260B.225 JUVENILE TRAFFIC OFFENDER; PROCEDURES; DISPOSITIONS.
260B.235 PETTY OFFENDERS; PROCEDURES; DISPOSITIONS.
260B.240 COUNTY RESPONSIBILITY FOR TRANSITIONAL SERVICES PLANS.
260B.241 [Repealed, 2008 c 361 art 6 s 59]
260B.245 EFFECT OF JUVENILE COURT PROCEEDINGS.
260B.255 JUVENILE COURT DISPOSITION BARS CRIMINAL PROCEEDING.
COSTS AND EXPENSES
260B.331 COSTS OF CARE.
CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENCY
260B.335 CIVIL JURISDICTION OVER PERSONS CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENCY OR STATUS AS A JUVENILE PETTY OFFENDER.
REHEARING AND APPEAL
260B.411 NEW EVIDENCE.
260B.415 APPEAL.
CONTEMPT
260B.421 CONTEMPT.
CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENCY
260B.425 CRIMINAL JURISDICTION FOR CONTRIBUTING TO STATUS AS A JUVENILE PETTY OFFENDER OR DELINQUENCY.
COST REIMBURSEMENT
260B.441 COST, PAYMENT.
260B.446 DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS RECOVERED FOR ASSISTANCE FURNISHED.
260B.0001 MS 2006 [Renumbered 15.001]

GENERAL PROVISIONS

260B.001 TITLE, INTENT, AND CONSTRUCTION.

Subdivision 1.Citation.

Sections 260B.001 to 260B.446 may be cited as the delinquency provisions of the Juvenile Court Act.

Subd. 2.Delinquency.

The purpose of the laws relating to children alleged or adjudicated to be delinquent is to promote the public safety and reduce juvenile delinquency by maintaining the integrity of the substantive law prohibiting certain behavior and by developing individual responsibility for lawful behavior. This purpose should be pursued through means that are fair and just, that recognize the unique characteristics and needs of children, and that give children access to opportunities for personal and social growth.

Subd. 3.Construction.

The laws relating to juvenile courts shall be liberally construed to carry out the purpose specified in subdivision 2.

260B.002 POLICY ON DISPROPORTIONATE MINORITY CONTACT.

It is the policy of the state of Minnesota to identify and eliminate barriers to racial, ethnic, and gender fairness within the criminal justice, juvenile justice, corrections, and judicial systems, in support of the fundamental principle of fair and equitable treatment under law.

260B.005 SCOPE OF VICTIM RIGHTS.

The rights granted to victims of crime in sections 611A.01 to 611A.06 are applicable to adult criminal cases, juvenile delinquency proceedings, juvenile traffic proceedings involving driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and proceedings involving any other act committed by a juvenile that would be a crime as defined in section 609.02, if committed by an adult.

260B.007 DEFINITIONS.

Subdivision 1.Scope.

As used in this chapter, the terms defined in this section have the same meanings given to them.

Subd. 2.Agency.

"Agency" means the local social services agency or a licensed child-placing agency.

Subd. 3.Child.

"Child" means an individual under 18 years of age and includes any minor alleged to have been delinquent or a juvenile traffic offender prior to having become 18 years of age.

Subd. 4.Child-placing agency.

"Child-placing agency" means anyone licensed under sections 245A.01 to 245A.16 and 252.28, subdivision 2.

Subd. 5.Court.

"Court" means juvenile court unless otherwise specified in this section.

Subd. 6.Delinquent child.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (b) and (c), "delinquent child" means a child:

(1) who has violated any state or local law, except as provided in section 260B.225, subdivision 1, and except for juvenile offenders as described in subdivisions 16 to 18;

(2) who has violated a federal law or a law of another state and whose case has been referred to the juvenile court if the violation would be an act of delinquency if committed in this state or a crime or offense if committed by an adult;

(3) who has escaped from confinement to a state juvenile correctional facility after being committed to the custody of the commissioner of corrections; or

(4) who has escaped from confinement to a local juvenile correctional facility after being committed to the facility by the court.

(b) The term delinquent child does not include a child alleged to have committed murder in the first degree after becoming 16 years of age, but the term delinquent child does include a child alleged to have committed attempted murder in the first degree.

(c) The term delinquent child does not include a child alleged to have engaged in conduct which would, if committed by an adult, violate any federal, state, or local law relating to being hired, offering to be hired, or agreeing to be hired by another individual to engage in sexual penetration or sexual conduct.

Subd. 7.Foster care.

"Foster care" means 24-hour substitute care for children placed away from their parents or guardian and for whom a responsible social services agency has placement and care responsibility. Foster care includes, but is not limited to, placement in foster family homes, foster homes of relatives, group homes, emergency shelters, residential facilities not excluded in this subdivision, child care institutions, and preadoptive homes. A child is in foster care under this definition regardless of whether the facility is licensed and payments are made for the cost of care. Nothing in this definition creates any authority to place a child in a home or facility that is required to be licensed which is not licensed. Foster care does not include placement in any of the following facilities: hospitals, inpatient chemical dependency treatment facilities, facilities that are primarily for delinquent children, any corrections facility or program within a particular corrections facility not meeting requirements for title IV-E facilities as determined by the commissioner, facilities to which a child is committed under the provision of chapter 253B, forestry camps, or jails. Foster care is intended to provide for a child's safety or to access treatment. Foster care must not be used as a punishment or consequence for a child's behavior.

Subd. 8.Legal custody.

"Legal custody" means the right to the care, custody, and control of a child who has been taken from a parent by the court in accordance with the provisions of sections 260B.198 and 260B.235. The expenses of legal custody are paid in accordance with the provisions of section 260B.331.

Subd. 9.Minor.

"Minor" means an individual under 18 years of age.

Subd. 10.Parent.

"Parent" means the birth or adoptive parent of a minor. For an Indian child, parent includes any Indian person who has adopted a child by tribal law or custom, as provided in section 260.755, subdivision 14.

Subd. 11.Person.

"Person" includes any individual, association, corporation, partnership, and the state or any of its political subdivisions, departments, or agencies.

Subd. 12.Relative.

"Relative" means a parent, stepparent, grandparent, brother, sister, uncle, or aunt of the minor. This relationship may be by blood or marriage. For an Indian child, relative means a person who is a member of the Indian child's family as defined in the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978, United States Code, title 25, section 1903, paragraphs (2), (6), and (9).

Subd. 13.Custodian.

"Custodian" means any person who is under a legal obligation to provide care and support for a minor or who is in fact providing care and support for a minor. This subdivision does not impose upon persons who are not otherwise legally responsible for providing a child with necessary food, clothing, shelter, education, or medical care a duty to provide that care. For an Indian child, custodian means any Indian person who has legal custody of an Indian child under tribal law or custom or under state law or to whom temporary physical care, custody, and control has been transferred by the parent of the child, as provided in section 260.755, subdivision 11.

Subd. 14.Secure detention facility.

"Secure detention facility" means a physically restricting facility, including but not limited to a jail, a hospital, a state institution, a residential treatment center, or a detention home used for the temporary care of a child pending court action.

Subd. 15.Shelter care facility.

"Shelter care facility" means a physically unrestricting facility, such as, but not limited to, a hospital, a group home, or a licensed facility for foster care, used for the temporary care of a child pending court action.

Subd. 16.Juvenile petty offender; juvenile petty offense.

(a) "Juvenile petty offense" includes a juvenile alcohol offense, a juvenile controlled substance offense, a violation of section 609.685, or a violation of a local ordinance, which by its terms prohibits conduct by a child under the age of 18 years which would be lawful conduct if committed by an adult.

(b) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (c), "juvenile petty offense" also includes an offense that would be a misdemeanor if committed by an adult.

(c) "Juvenile petty offense" does not include any of the following:

(1) a misdemeanor-level violation of section 518B.01, 588.20, 609.224, 609.2242, 609.324, subdivision 2 or 3, 609.5632, 609.576, 609.66, 609.746, 609.748, 609.79, or 617.23;

(2) a major traffic offense or an adult court traffic offense, as described in section 260B.225;

(3) a misdemeanor-level offense committed by a child whom the juvenile court previously has found to have committed a misdemeanor, gross misdemeanor, or felony offense; or

(4) a misdemeanor-level offense committed by a child whom the juvenile court has found to have committed a misdemeanor-level juvenile petty offense on two or more prior occasions, unless the county attorney designates the child on the petition as a juvenile petty offender notwithstanding this prior record. As used in this clause, "misdemeanor-level juvenile petty offense" includes a misdemeanor-level offense that would have been a juvenile petty offense if it had been committed on or after July 1, 1995.

(d) A child who commits a juvenile petty offense is a "juvenile petty offender." The term juvenile petty offender does not include a child alleged to have violated any law relating to being hired, offering to be hired, or agreeing to be hired by another individual to engage in sexual penetration or sexual conduct which, if committed by an adult, would be a misdemeanor.

Subd. 17.Juvenile alcohol offense.

"Juvenile alcohol offense" means a violation by a child of any provision of section 340A.503 or an equivalent local ordinance.

Subd. 18.Juvenile controlled substance offense.

"Juvenile controlled substance offense" means a violation by a child of section 152.027, subdivision 4, with respect to a small amount of marijuana or an equivalent local ordinance.

Subd. 19.Indian.

"Indian," consistent with section 260.755, subdivision 7, means a person who is a member of an Indian tribe or who is an Alaskan native and a member of a regional corporation as defined in section 7 of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, United States Code, title 43, section 1606.

Subd. 20.Indian child.

"Indian child," consistent with section 260.755, subdivision 8, means an unmarried person who is under age 18 and is:

(1) a member of an Indian tribe; or

(2) eligible for membership in an Indian tribe.

EXPERT ASSISTANCE

260B.050 EXPERT ASSISTANCE.

In any county the court may provide for the physical and mental diagnosis of cases of minors who are believed to be persons who have a physical disability, mental illness, or developmental disability and for such purpose may appoint professionally qualified persons, whose compensation shall be fixed by the judge with the approval of the county board.

COUNTY HOME SCHOOLS

260B.060 COUNTY HOME SCHOOLS.

In any county or group of counties the county boards may purchase, lease, erect, equip, and maintain a county home school for boys and girls, or a separate home school for boys and a separate home school for girls. The juvenile court may transfer legal custody of a delinquent child to the home school in the manner provided in section 260B.198. The county home school may, with the approval of the district court judges in counties now or hereafter having a population of more than 200,000, or of the juvenile court judges in all other counties, be a separate institution, or it may be established and operated in connection with any other organized charitable or educational institution. However, the plans, location, equipment, and operation of the county home school shall in all cases have the approval of the said judges. There shall be a superintendent or matron, or both, for such school, who shall be appointed and removed by the said judges. The salaries of the superintendent, matron, and other employees shall be fixed by the said judges, subject to the approval of the county board. The county board of each county to which this section applies is hereby authorized, empowered, and required to provide the necessary funds to make all needful appropriations to carry out the provisions of this section. The commissioner of education, or other persons having charge of the public schools in any city of the first or second class in a county where a county home school is maintained pursuant to the provisions of this section may furnish all necessary instructors, school books, and school supplies for the boys and girls placed in any such home school.

260B.070 EXISTING HOME SCHOOLS CONTINUED.

All juvenile detention homes, farms, and industrial schools heretofore established under the provisions of Laws 1905, chapter 285, section 5, as amended by Laws 1907, chapter 172, and Laws 1911, chapter 353, or Laws 1913, chapter 83, Laws 1915, chapter 228, or Laws 1917, chapter 317, as amended, are hereby declared to be county home schools within the meaning of sections 260B.001 to 260B.421 and all the provisions of those sections relating to county home schools shall apply thereto.

DETENTION HOMES

260B.080 DETENTION HOMES.

In any county or group of counties the county boards may purchase, lease, erect, equip, and maintain a detention home for boys and girls, or a separate detention home for boys and girls, or a separate detention home for boys or a separate detention home for girls. The detention home may, with the approval of the district court judges in counties now or hereafter having a population of more than 200,000 or of the juvenile court judges in all other counties be a separate institution, or it may be established and operated in connection with a county home school or any organized charitable or educational institution. However, the plans, location, equipment, and operation of the detention home shall in all cases have the approval of the judges. Necessary staff shall be appointed and removed by the judges. The salaries of the staff shall be fixed by the judges, subject to the approval of the county boards. The county board of each county to which this section applies shall provide the necessary funds to carry out the provisions of this section.

JURISDICTION

260B.101 JURISDICTION.

Subdivision 1.Children who are delinquent.

Except as provided in sections 260B.125 and 260B.225, the juvenile court has original and exclusive jurisdiction in proceedings concerning any child who is alleged to be delinquent, a juvenile traffic offender, a juvenile petty offender, and in proceedings concerning any minor alleged to have been a delinquent, a juvenile petty offender, or a juvenile traffic offender prior to having become 18 years of age. The juvenile court shall deal with such a minor as it deals with any other child who is alleged to be delinquent or a juvenile traffic offender.

Subd. 2.No juvenile court jurisdiction over certain offenders.

Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the juvenile court lacks jurisdiction over proceedings concerning a child excluded from the definition of delinquent child under section 260B.007, subdivision 6, paragraph (b). The district court has original and exclusive jurisdiction in criminal proceedings concerning a child excluded from the definition of delinquent child under section 260B.007, subdivision 6, paragraph (b).

Subd. 3.Jurisdiction over parents and guardians.

A parent, guardian, or custodian of a child who is subject to the jurisdiction of the court is also subject to the jurisdiction of the court in any matter in which that parent, guardian, or custodian has a right to notice under section 260B.151 or 260B.152, or the right to participate under section 260B.163.

260B.103 TRANSFERS FROM OTHER COURTS.

Subdivision 1.Transfers required.

Except where a juvenile court has certified an alleged violation in accordance with the provisions of section 260B.125, the child is alleged to have committed murder in the first degree after becoming 16 years of age, or a court has original jurisdiction of a child who has committed an adult court traffic offense, as defined in section 260B.225, subdivision 1, paragraph (c), a court other than a juvenile court shall immediately transfer to the juvenile court of the county the case of a minor who appears before the court on a charge of violating any state or local law or ordinance and who is under 18 years of age or who was under 18 years of age at the time of the commission of the alleged offense.

Subd. 2.Certificate.

The court transfers the case by filing with the judge or court administrator of juvenile court a certificate showing the name, age, and residence of the minor, the names and addresses of the minor's parent or guardian, if known, and the reasons for appearance in court, together with all the papers, documents, and testimony connected therewith. The certificate has the effect of a petition filed in the juvenile court, unless the judge of the juvenile court directs the filing of a new petition, which shall supersede the certificate of transfer.

Subd. 3.Order to be taken.

The transferring court shall order the minor to be taken immediately to the juvenile court and in no event shall detain the minor for longer than 48 hours after the appearance of the minor in the transferring court. The transferring court may release the minor to the custody of a parent, guardian, custodian, or other person designated by the court on the condition that the minor will appear in juvenile court as directed. The transferring court may require the person given custody of the minor to post such bail or bond as may be approved by the court which shall be forfeited to the juvenile court if the minor does not appear as directed. The transferring court may also release the minor on the minor's own promise to appear in juvenile court.

260B.105 VENUE.

Subdivision 1.Venue.

Except where otherwise provided, venue for any proceedings under section 260B.101 shall be in the county where the child is found, or the county of the child's residence. If delinquency, a juvenile petty offense, or a juvenile traffic offense is alleged, proceedings shall be brought in the county where the alleged delinquency or juvenile traffic offense occurred.

Subd. 2.Transfer.

The judge of the juvenile court may transfer any proceedings brought under section 260B.101, to the juvenile court of a county having venue as provided in subdivision 1 in the following manner. When it appears that the best interests of the child, society, or the convenience of proceedings will be served by a transfer, the court may transfer the case to the juvenile court of the county of the child's residence. With the consent of the receiving court, the court may also transfer the case to the juvenile court of the county where the child is found. If delinquency, a juvenile petty offense, or a juvenile traffic offense is alleged, the court shall first hear the case and then may transfer the case to the juvenile court of the county of the child's residence for disposition after a finding or admission of guilt. The court transfers the case by ordering a continuance and by forwarding to the court administrator of the appropriate juvenile court a certified copy of all papers filed, together with an order of transfer.

Subd. 3.Involving interstate compact.

Except when a child is alleged to have committed an adult court traffic offense, as defined in section 260B.225, subdivision 1, paragraph (c), if it appears at any stage of the proceeding that a child before the court is a resident of another state, the court may invoke the provisions of the Interstate Compact on Juveniles or, if it is in the best interests of the child or the public to do so, the court may place the child in the custody of the child's parent, guardian, or custodian, if the parent, guardian, or custodian agrees to accept custody of the child and return the child to the child's state.

CERTIFICATION

260B.125 CERTIFICATION.

Subdivision 1.Order.

When a child is alleged to have committed, after becoming 14 years of age, an offense that would be a felony if committed by an adult, the juvenile court may enter an order certifying the proceeding for action under the laws and court procedures controlling adult criminal violations.

Subd. 2.Order of certification; requirements.

Except as provided in subdivision 5 or 6, the juvenile court may order a certification only if:

(1) a petition has been filed in accordance with the provisions of section 260B.141;

(2) a motion for certification has been filed by the prosecuting authority;

(3) notice has been given in accordance with the provisions of sections 260B.151 and 260B.152;

(4) a hearing has been held in accordance with the provisions of section 260B.163 within 30 days of the filing of the certification motion, unless good cause is shown by the prosecution or the child as to why the hearing should not be held within this period in which case the hearing shall be held within 90 days of the filing of the motion;

(5) the court finds that there is probable cause, as defined by the Rules of Criminal Procedure promulgated pursuant to section 480.059, to believe the child committed the offense alleged by delinquency petition; and

(6) the court finds either:

(i) that the presumption of certification created by subdivision 3 applies and the child has not rebutted the presumption by clear and convincing evidence demonstrating that retaining the proceeding in the juvenile court serves public safety; or

(ii) that the presumption of certification does not apply and the prosecuting authority has demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence that retaining the proceeding in the juvenile court does not serve public safety. If the court finds that the prosecutor has not demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence that retaining the proceeding in juvenile court does not serve public safety, the court shall retain the proceeding in juvenile court.

Subd. 3.Presumption of certification.

It is presumed that a proceeding involving an offense committed by a child will be certified if:

(1) the child was 16 or 17 years old at the time of the offense; and

(2) the delinquency petition alleges that the child committed an offense that would result in a presumptive commitment to prison under the Sentencing Guidelines and applicable statutes, or that the child committed any felony offense while using, whether by brandishing, displaying, threatening with, or otherwise employing, a firearm.

If the court determines that probable cause exists to believe the child committed the alleged offense, the burden is on the child to rebut this presumption by demonstrating by clear and convincing evidence that retaining the proceeding in the juvenile court serves public safety. If the court finds that the child has not rebutted the presumption by clear and convincing evidence, the court shall certify the proceeding.

Subd. 4.Public safety.

In determining whether the public safety is served by certifying the matter, the court shall consider the following factors:

(1) the seriousness of the alleged offense in terms of community protection, including the existence of any aggravating factors recognized by the Sentencing Guidelines, the use of a firearm, and the impact on any victim;

(2) the culpability of the child in committing the alleged offense, including the level of the child's participation in planning and carrying out the offense and the existence of any mitigating factors recognized by the Sentencing Guidelines;

(3) the child's prior record of delinquency;

(4) the child's programming history, including the child's past willingness to participate meaningfully in available programming;

(5) the adequacy of the punishment or programming available in the juvenile justice system; and

(6) the dispositional options available for the child.

In considering these factors, the court shall give greater weight to the seriousness of the alleged offense and the child's prior record of delinquency than to the other factors listed in this subdivision.

Subd. 5.Prior certification; exception.

Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivisions 2, 3, and 4, the court shall order a certification in any felony case if the prosecutor shows that the child has been previously prosecuted on a felony charge by an order of certification issued pursuant to either a hearing held under subdivision 2 or pursuant to the waiver of the right to such a hearing, other than a prior certification in the same case.

This subdivision only applies if the child is convicted of the offense or offenses for which the child was prosecuted pursuant to the order of certification or of a lesser-included offense which is a felony.

This subdivision does not apply to juvenile offenders who are subject to criminal court jurisdiction under section 609.055.

Subd. 6.Adult charged with juvenile offense.

The juvenile court has jurisdiction to hold a certification hearing on motion of the prosecuting authority to certify the matter if:

(1) an adult is alleged to have committed an offense before the adult's 18th birthday; and

(2) a petition is filed under section 260B.141 before expiration of the time for filing under section 628.26.

The court may not certify the matter under this subdivision if the adult demonstrates that the delay was purposefully caused by the state in order to gain an unfair advantage.

Subd. 7.Effect of order.

When the juvenile court enters an order certifying an alleged violation, the prosecuting authority shall proceed with the case as if the jurisdiction of the juvenile court had never attached.

Subd. 8.Written findings; options.

(a) The court shall decide whether to order certification within 15 days after the certification hearing was completed, unless additional time is needed, in which case the court may extend the period up to another 15 days. If the juvenile court orders certification, and the presumption described in subdivision 3 does not apply, the order shall contain in writing, findings of fact and conclusions of law as to why public safety is not served by retaining the proceeding in the juvenile court. A child certified under this paragraph may be detained pending the outcome of criminal proceedings in a secure juvenile detention facility.

(b) If the juvenile court, after a hearing conducted pursuant to subdivision 2, decides not to order certification, the decision shall contain, in writing, findings of fact and conclusions of law as to why certification is not ordered. If the juvenile court decides not to order certification in a case in which the presumption described in subdivision 3 applies, the court shall designate the proceeding an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution and include in its decision written findings of fact and conclusions of law as to why the retention of the proceeding in juvenile court serves public safety, with specific reference to the factors listed in subdivision 4. If the court decides not to order certification in a case in which the presumption described in subdivision 3 does not apply, the court may designate the proceeding an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution, pursuant to the hearing process described in section 260B.130, subdivision 2.

Subd. 9.First-degree murder.

When a motion for certification has been filed in a case in which the petition alleges that the child committed murder in the first degree, the prosecuting authority shall present the case to the grand jury for consideration of indictment under chapter 628 within 14 days after the petition was filed.

Subd. 10.Inapplicability to certain offenders.

This section does not apply to a child excluded from the definition of delinquent child under section 260B.007, subdivision 6, paragraph (b).

EXTENDED JURISDICTION JUVENILE PROSECUTION

260B.130 EXTENDED JURISDICTION JUVENILE PROSECUTIONS.

Subdivision 1.Designation.

A proceeding involving a child alleged to have committed a felony offense is an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution if:

(1) the child was 14 to 17 years old at the time of the alleged offense, a certification hearing was held, and the court designated the proceeding an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution;

(2) the child was 16 or 17 years old at the time of the alleged offense; the child is alleged to have committed an offense for which the Sentencing Guidelines and applicable statutes presume a commitment to prison or to have committed any felony in which the child allegedly used a firearm; and the prosecutor designated in the delinquency petition that the proceeding is an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution; or

(3) the child was 14 to 17 years old at the time of the alleged offense, the prosecutor requested that the proceeding be designated an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution, a hearing was held on the issue of designation, and the court designated the proceeding an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution.

Subd. 2.Hearing on prosecutor's request.

When a prosecutor requests that a proceeding be designated an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution, the court shall hold a hearing under section 260B.163 to consider the request. The hearing must be held within 30 days of the filing of the request for designation, unless good cause is shown by the prosecution or the child as to why the hearing should not be held within this period in which case the hearing shall be held within 90 days of the filing of the request. If the prosecutor shows by clear and convincing evidence that designating the proceeding an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution serves public safety, the court shall grant the request for designation. In determining whether public safety is served, the court shall consider the factors specified in section 260B.125, subdivision 4. The court shall decide whether to designate the proceeding an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution within 15 days after the designation hearing is completed, unless additional time is needed, in which case the court may extend the period up to another 15 days.

Subd. 3.Proceedings.

A child who is the subject of an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution has the right to a trial by jury and to the effective assistance of counsel, as described in section 260B.163, subdivision 4.

Subd. 4.Disposition.

(a) If an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution results in a guilty plea or finding of guilt, the court shall:

(1) impose one or more juvenile dispositions under section 260B.198; and

(2) impose an adult criminal sentence, the execution of which shall be stayed on the condition that the offender not violate the provisions of the disposition order and not commit a new offense.

(b) If a child prosecuted as an extended jurisdiction juvenile after designation by the prosecutor in the delinquency petition is convicted of an offense after trial that is not an offense described in subdivision 1, clause (2), the court shall adjudicate the child delinquent and order a disposition under section 260B.198. If the extended jurisdiction juvenile proceeding results in a guilty plea for an offense not described in subdivision 1, clause (2), the court may impose a disposition under paragraph (a) if the child consents.

[See Note.]

Subd. 5.Execution of adult sentence.

(a) When it appears that a person convicted as an extended jurisdiction juvenile has violated the conditions of the stayed sentence, or is alleged to have committed a new offense, the court may, without notice, revoke the stay and probation and direct that the offender be taken into immediate custody. The court shall notify the offender in writing of the reasons alleged to exist for revocation of the stay of execution of the adult sentence. If the offender challenges the reasons, the court shall hold a summary hearing on the issue at which the offender is entitled to be heard and represented by counsel.

(b) If a person described in paragraph (a) is taken into custody, the person may be detained in a secure juvenile detention facility. If there is no secure juvenile detention facility or existing acceptable detention alternative available for juveniles within the county, the child may be detained up to 24 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, or for up to six hours in a standard metropolitan statistical area, in a jail, lockup, or other facility used for the confinement of adults who have been charged with or convicted of a crime. In this instance, the person must be confined in quarters separate from any adult confined in the facility that allow for complete sight and sound separation for all activities during the period of the detention, and the adult facility must be approved for the detention of juveniles by the commissioner of corrections.

If the person is 18 years of age or older and is to be detained prior to the revocation hearing, the person may be detained in a local adult correctional facility without the need for sight and sound separation.

(c) After the hearing, if the court finds that reasons exist to revoke the stay of execution of sentence, the court shall treat the offender as an adult and order any of the adult sanctions authorized by section 609.14, subdivision 3, except that no credit shall be given for time served in juvenile facility custody prior to a summary hearing. If the offender was convicted of an offense described in subdivision 1, clause (2), and the court finds that reasons exist to revoke the stay, the court must order execution of the previously imposed sentence unless the court makes written findings regarding the mitigating factors that justify continuing the stay.

(d) Upon revocation, the offender's extended jurisdiction status is terminated and juvenile court jurisdiction is terminated. The ongoing jurisdiction for any adult sanction, other than commitment to the commissioner of corrections, is with the adult court.

[See Note.]

Subd. 6.Inapplicability to certain offenders.

This section does not apply to a child excluded from the definition of delinquent child under section 260B.007, subdivision 6, paragraph (b).

NOTE: Subdivision 4, paragraph (b), was found unconstitutional in the case of In re Welfare of T.C.J., 689 N.W.2d 787 (Minn. Ct. App. 2004), petition for review dismissed (2005).

NOTE: Subdivision 5, paragraph (c), with regard to denial of credit for time served in a juvenile facility was found unconstitutional in the case of State v. Garcia, 683 N.W.2d 294 (Minn. 2004).

PROCEDURES

260B.141 PETITION.

Subdivision 1.Who may file; required form.

Any reputable person, including but not limited to any agent of the commissioner of human services, having knowledge of a child in this state or of a child who is a resident of this state, who appears to be delinquent, may petition the juvenile court in the manner provided in this section.

Subd. 2.Verification of petition.

The petition shall be verified by the person having knowledge of the facts and may be on information and belief. Unless otherwise provided by this section or by rule or order of the court, the county attorney shall draft the petition upon the showing of reasonable grounds to support the petition.

Subd. 3.Form of petition.

The petition and all subsequent court documents shall be entitled substantially as follows:

"Juvenile Court, County of .................

In the matter of the welfare of ..........."

The petition shall set forth plainly:

(a) The facts which bring the child within the jurisdiction of the court;

(b) The name, date of birth, residence, and post office address of the child;

(c) The names, residences, and post office addresses of the child's parents;

(d) The name, residence, and post office address of the child's guardian if there is one, of the person having custody or control of the child, and of the nearest known relative if no parent or guardian can be found; and

(e) The spouse of the child, if there is one. If any of the facts required by the petition are not known or cannot be ascertained by the petitioner, the petition shall so state.

Subd. 4.Delinquency petition; extended jurisdiction juvenile.

When a prosecutor files a delinquency petition alleging that a child committed a felony offense for which there is a presumptive commitment to prison according to the Sentencing Guidelines and applicable statutes or in which the child used a firearm, after reaching the age of 16 years, the prosecutor shall indicate in the petition whether the prosecutor designates the proceeding an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution. When a prosecutor files a delinquency petition alleging that a child aged 14 to 17 years committed a felony offense, the prosecutor may request that the court designate the proceeding an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution.

Subd. 5.Concurrent jurisdiction.

When a petition is filed alleging that a child has engaged in prostitution as defined in section 609.321, subdivision 9, the county attorney shall determine whether concurrent jurisdiction is necessary to provide appropriate intervention and, if so, proceed to file a petition alleging the child to be both delinquent and in need of protection or services.

260B.143 PROCEDURE; JUVENILE PETTY AND MISDEMEANOR OFFENDERS.

Subdivision 1.Notice.

When a peace officer has probable cause to believe that a child:

(1) is a juvenile petty offender; or

(2) has committed a delinquent act that would be a petty misdemeanor or misdemeanor if committed by an adult,

the officer may issue a notice to the child to appear in juvenile court in the county in which the child is alleged to have committed the offense. The officer shall file a copy of the notice to appear with the juvenile court of the appropriate county. If a child fails to appear in response to the notice, the court may issue a summons notifying the child of the nature of the offense alleged and the time and place set for the hearing. If the peace officer finds it necessary to take the child into custody, sections 260B.175 and 260B.176 shall apply.

Subd. 2.Effect of notice.

Filing with the court a notice to appear containing the name and address of the child, specifying the offense alleged and the time and place it was committed, has the effect of a petition giving the juvenile court jurisdiction.

Subd. 3.Notice to parent.

Whenever a notice to appear or petition is filed alleging that a child is a juvenile petty offender or has committed a delinquent act that would be a petty misdemeanor or misdemeanor if committed by an adult, the court shall summon and notify the person or persons having custody or control of the child of the nature of the offense alleged and the time and place of hearing. This summons and notice shall be served in the time and manner provided in section 260B.151, subdivision 1.

Subd. 4.No right to counsel at public expense.

Except as otherwise provided in section 260B.163, subdivision 4, a child alleged to be a juvenile petty offender may be represented by counsel but does not have a right to appointment of a public defender or other counsel at public expense.

260B.151 SUMMONS; NOTICE.

Subdivision 1.Issuance of summons.

After a petition has been filed and unless the parties hereinafter named voluntarily appear, the court shall set a time for a hearing and shall issue a summons requiring the person who has custody or control of the child to appear with the child before the court at a time and place stated. The summons shall have a copy of the petition attached and shall advise the parties of the right to counsel and of the consequences of failure to obey the summons. The court shall give docket priority to any delinquency petition that contains allegations of child abuse over any other case except those delinquency matters where a child is being held in a secure detention facility. As used in this subdivision, "child abuse" has the meaning given it in section 630.36, subdivision 2.

Subd. 2.Notice of pendency of case.

The court shall have notice of the pendency of the case and of the time and place of the hearing served upon a parent, guardian, or spouse of the child, who has not been summoned as provided in subdivision 1. For an Indian child, notice of all proceedings must comply with the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978, United States Code, title 25, section 1901, et seq., and section 260.765.

Subd. 3.Subpoena issuance.

The court may issue a subpoena requiring the appearance of any other person whose presence, in the opinion of the court, is necessary.

260B.152 SERVICE OF SUMMONS, NOTICE.

Subdivision 1.Notice in lieu of summons; personal service.

The service of a summons or a notice in lieu of summons shall be as provided in the Rules of Juvenile Procedure.

Subd. 2.Service; fees.

Service of summons, notice, or subpoena required by sections 260B.151 to 260B.255 shall be made by any suitable person under the direction of the court, and upon request of the court shall be made by a probation officer or any peace officer. The fees and mileage of witnesses shall be paid by the county if the subpoena is issued by the court on its own motion or at the request of the county attorney. All other fees shall be paid by the party requesting the subpoena unless otherwise ordered by the court.

Subd. 3.Proof of service.

Proof of the service required by this section shall be made by the person having knowledge thereof.

260B.154 FAILURE TO OBEY SUMMONS OR SUBPOENA; CONTEMPT, ARREST.

If any person personally served with summons or subpoena fails, without reasonable cause, to appear or bring the child, or if the court has reason to believe the person is avoiding personal service, or if any custodial parent or guardian fails, without reasonable cause, to accompany the child to a hearing as required under section 260B.163, subdivision 8, the person may be proceeded against for contempt of court or the court may issue a warrant for the person's arrest, or both. In any case when it appears to the court that the service will be ineffectual, or that the welfare of the child requires that the child be brought forthwith into the custody of the court, the court may issue a warrant for immediate custody of the child.

260B.157 INVESTIGATION; PHYSICAL AND MENTAL EXAMINATION.

Subdivision 1.Investigation.

Upon request of the court the local social services agency or probation officer shall investigate the personal and family history and environment of any minor coming within the jurisdiction of the court under section 260B.101 and shall report its findings to the court. The court may order any minor coming within its jurisdiction to be examined by a duly qualified physician, psychiatrist, or psychologist appointed by the court.

The court shall order a chemical use assessment conducted when a child is (1) found to be delinquent for violating a provision of chapter 152, or for committing a felony-level violation of a provision of chapter 609 if the probation officer determines that alcohol or drug use was a contributing factor in the commission of the offense, or (2) alleged to be delinquent for violating a provision of chapter 152, if the child is being held in custody under a detention order. The assessor's qualifications and the assessment criteria shall comply with Minnesota Rules, parts 9530.6600 to 9530.6655. If funds under chapter 254B are to be used to pay for the recommended treatment, the assessment and placement must comply with all provisions of Minnesota Rules, parts 9530.6600 to 9530.6655 and 9530.7000 to 9530.7030. The commissioner of human services shall reimburse the court for the cost of the chemical use assessment, up to a maximum of $100.

The court shall order a children's mental health screening conducted when a child is found to be delinquent. The screening shall be conducted with a screening instrument approved by the commissioner of human services and shall be conducted by a mental health practitioner as defined in section 245.4871, subdivision 26, or a probation officer who is trained in the use of the screening instrument. If the screening indicates a need for assessment, the local social services agency, in consultation with the child's family, shall have a diagnostic assessment conducted, including a functional assessment, as defined in section 245.4871.

With the consent of the commissioner of corrections and agreement of the county to pay the costs thereof, the court may, by order, place a minor coming within its jurisdiction in an institution maintained by the commissioner for the detention, diagnosis, custody and treatment of persons adjudicated to be delinquent, in order that the condition of the minor be given due consideration in the disposition of the case. Any funds received under the provisions of this subdivision shall not cancel until the end of the fiscal year immediately following the fiscal year in which the funds were received. The funds are available for use by the commissioner of corrections during that period and are hereby appropriated annually to the commissioner of corrections as reimbursement of the costs of providing these services to the juvenile courts.

Subd. 2.Petition requirement.

The court may proceed as described in subdivision 1 only after a petition has been filed and, in delinquency cases, after the child has appeared before the court or a court appointed referee and has been informed of the allegations contained in the petition. However, when the child denies being delinquent before the court or court-appointed referee, the investigation or examination shall not be conducted before a hearing has been held as provided in section 260B.163.

Subd. 3.Juvenile treatment screening team.

(a) The local social services agency shall establish a juvenile treatment screening team to conduct screenings and prepare case plans under this subdivision. The team, which may be the team constituted under section 245.4885 or 256B.092 or Minnesota Rules, parts 9530.6600 to 9530.6655, shall consist of social workers, juvenile justice professionals, and persons with expertise in the treatment of juveniles who are emotionally disabled, chemically dependent, or have a developmental disability. The team shall involve parents or guardians in the screening process as appropriate. The team may be the same team as defined in section 260C.157, subdivision 3.

(b) If the court, prior to, or as part of, a final disposition, proposes to place a child:

(1) for the primary purpose of treatment for an emotional disturbance, and residential placement is consistent with section 260.012, a developmental disability, or chemical dependency in a residential treatment facility out of state or in one which is within the state and licensed by the commissioner of human services under chapter 245A; or

(2) in any out-of-home setting potentially exceeding 30 days in duration, including a post-dispositional placement in a facility licensed by the commissioner of corrections or human services, the court shall notify the county welfare agency. The county's juvenile treatment screening team must either:

(i) screen and evaluate the child and file its recommendations with the court within 14 days of receipt of the notice; or

(ii) elect not to screen a given case, and notify the court of that decision within three working days.

(c) If the screening team has elected to screen and evaluate the child, the child may not be placed for the primary purpose of treatment for an emotional disturbance, a developmental disability, or chemical dependency, in a residential treatment facility out of state nor in a residential treatment facility within the state that is licensed under chapter 245A, unless one of the following conditions applies:

(1) a treatment professional certifies that an emergency requires the placement of the child in a facility within the state;

(2) the screening team has evaluated the child and recommended that a residential placement is necessary to meet the child's treatment needs and the safety needs of the community, that it is a cost-effective means of meeting the treatment needs, and that it will be of therapeutic value to the child; or

(3) the court, having reviewed a screening team recommendation against placement, determines to the contrary that a residential placement is necessary. The court shall state the reasons for its determination in writing, on the record, and shall respond specifically to the findings and recommendation of the screening team in explaining why the recommendation was rejected. The attorney representing the child and the prosecuting attorney shall be afforded an opportunity to be heard on the matter.

260B.159 CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR JUVENILE OFFENDERS.

Each county shall develop a written policy for classifying juvenile offenders. The policy must include methods to classify the reoffense risk and service needs of juvenile offenders. In developing its policy, each county, to the extent practicable, shall consult with the department of corrections and attempt to achieve compatibility with other counties' classification systems. The department of corrections shall cooperate with counties in the development of their classification systems by offering training programs, explaining existing county risk assessment practices, and providing other requested services.

260B.163 HEARING.

Subdivision 1.General.

(a) Except for hearings arising under section 260B.425, hearings on any matter shall be without a jury and may be conducted in an informal manner, except that a child who is prosecuted as an extended jurisdiction juvenile has the right to a jury trial on the issue of guilt. The rules of evidence promulgated pursuant to section 480.0591 and the law of evidence shall apply in adjudicatory proceedings involving a child alleged to be delinquent, an extended jurisdiction juvenile, or a juvenile petty offender, and hearings conducted pursuant to section 260B.125 except to the extent that the rules themselves provide that they do not apply.

(b) When a continuance or adjournment is ordered in any proceeding, the court may make any interim orders as it deems in the best interests of the minor in accordance with the provisions of sections 260B.001 to 260B.421.

(c) Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph, the court shall exclude the general public from hearings under this chapter and shall admit only those persons who, in the discretion of the court, have a direct interest in the case or in the work of the court. The court shall permit the victim of a child's delinquent act to attend any related delinquency proceeding, except that the court may exclude the victim:

(1) as a witness under the Rules of Criminal Procedure; and

(2) from portions of a certification hearing to discuss psychological material or other evidence that would not be accessible to the public.

The court shall open the hearings to the public in delinquency or extended jurisdiction juvenile proceedings where the child is alleged to have committed an offense or has been proven to have committed an offense that would be a felony if committed by an adult and the child was at least 16 years of age at the time of the offense, except that the court may exclude the public from portions of a certification hearing to discuss psychological material or other evidence that would not be accessible to the public in an adult proceeding.

(d) In all delinquency cases a person named in the charging clause of the petition as a person directly damaged in person or property shall be entitled, upon request, to be notified by the court administrator in writing, at the named person's last known address, of (1) the date of the certification or adjudicatory hearings, and (2) the disposition of the case.

Subd. 2.Right to participate in proceedings.

A child who is the subject of a petition, and the parents, guardian, or legal custodian of the child have the right to participate in all proceedings on a petition. Official tribal representatives have the right to participate in any proceeding that is subject to the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978, United States Code, title 25, sections 1901 to 1963.

Any grandparent of the child has a right to participate in the proceedings to the same extent as a parent, if the child has lived with the grandparent within the two years preceding the filing of the petition. At the first hearing following the filing of a petition, the court shall ask whether the child has lived with a grandparent within the last two years, except that the court need not make this inquiry if the petition states that the child did not live with a grandparent during this time period. Failure to notify a grandparent of the proceedings is not a jurisdictional defect.

Subd. 3.Right of alleged victim to presence of supportive person.

Notwithstanding any provision of subdivision 1 to the contrary, in any delinquency proceedings in which the alleged victim of the delinquent act is testifying in court, the victim may choose to have a supportive person who is not scheduled to be a witness in the proceedings, present during the testimony of the victim.

Subd. 4.Appointment of counsel.

(a) The child, parent, guardian or custodian has the right to effective assistance of counsel in connection with a proceeding in juvenile court. This right does not apply to a child who is charged with a juvenile petty offense as defined in section 260B.007, subdivision 16, unless the child is charged with a third or subsequent juvenile alcohol or controlled substance offense and may be subject to the alternative disposition described in section 260B.235, subdivision 6.

(b) The court shall appoint counsel, or standby counsel if the child waives the right to counsel, for a child who is:

(1) charged by delinquency petition with a gross misdemeanor or felony offense; or

(2) the subject of a delinquency proceeding in which out-of-home placement has been proposed.

(c) The court shall appoint counsel to represent the child under section 611.14, clause (4), or the parents or guardian in any case in which it feels that such an appointment is appropriate if the person would be financially unable to obtain counsel under the guidelines set forth in section 611.17, except a juvenile petty offender who does not have the right to counsel under paragraph (a). If the court appoints standby or advisory counsel, the cost of counsel shall be paid for by the Office of the State Court Administrator with state funds or, if the prosecutor requests the appointment, by the governmental unit conducting the prosecution. In no event may the court order the Board of Public Defense to pay the cost of standby or advisory counsel.

(d) Counsel for the child shall not also act as the child's guardian ad litem.

Subd. 5.County attorney.

The county attorney shall present the evidence upon request of the court.

Subd. 6.Guardian ad litem.

(a) The court shall appoint a guardian ad litem to protect the interests of the minor when it appears, at any stage of the proceedings, that the minor is without a parent or guardian, or that the minor's parent is a minor or incompetent, or that the parent or guardian is indifferent or hostile to the minor's interests. In any other case the court may appoint a guardian ad litem to protect the interests of the minor when the court feels that such an appointment is desirable. The court shall appoint the guardian ad litem on its own motion or in the manner provided for the appointment of a guardian ad litem in the district court. The court may appoint separate counsel for the guardian ad litem if necessary.

(b) A guardian ad litem shall carry out the following responsibilities:

(1) conduct an independent investigation to determine the facts relevant to the situation of the child and the family, which must include, unless specifically excluded by the court, reviewing relevant documents; meeting with and observing the child in the home setting and considering the child's wishes, as appropriate; and interviewing parents, caregivers, and others with knowledge relevant to the case;

(2) advocate for the child's best interests by participating in appropriate aspects of the case and advocating for appropriate community services when necessary;

(3) maintain the confidentiality of information related to a case, with the exception of sharing information as permitted by law to promote cooperative solutions that are in the best interests of the child;

(4) monitor the child's best interests throughout the judicial proceeding; and

(5) present written reports on the child's best interests that include conclusions and recommendations and the facts upon which they are based.

(c) The court may waive the appointment of a guardian ad litem pursuant to paragraph (a), whenever counsel has been appointed pursuant to subdivision 2 or is retained otherwise, and the court is satisfied that the interests of the minor are protected.

(d) In appointing a guardian ad litem pursuant to paragraph (a), the court shall not appoint the party filing a petition pursuant to sections 260B.141 and 260C.141.

(e) The following factors shall be considered when appointing a guardian ad litem in a case involving an Indian or minority child:

(1) whether a person is available who is the same racial or ethnic heritage as the child or, if that is not possible;

(2) whether a person is available who knows and appreciates the child's racial or ethnic heritage.

(f) The court shall require a background study for each guardian ad litem as provided under section 518.165. The court shall have access to data collected pursuant to section 245C.32 for purposes of the background study.

Subd. 7.Parent or guardian must accompany child at hearing.

The custodial parent or guardian of a child who is alleged or found to be delinquent, or is prosecuted as an extended jurisdiction juvenile, must accompany the child at each hearing held during the delinquency or extended jurisdiction juvenile proceedings, unless the court excuses the parent or guardian from attendance for good cause shown. The failure of a parent or guardian to comply with this duty may be punished as provided in section 260B.154.

Subd. 8.Waiving the presence of child, parent.

Except in delinquency proceedings, the court may waive the presence of the minor in court at any stage of the proceedings when it is in the best interests of the minor to do so. In a delinquency proceeding, after the child is found to be delinquent, the court may excuse the presence of the child from the hearing when it is in the best interests of the child to do so. In any proceeding the court may temporarily excuse the presence of the parent or guardian of a minor from the hearing when it is in the best interests of the minor to do so. The attorney or guardian ad litem, if any, has the right to continue to participate in proceedings during the absence of the minor, parent, or guardian.

Subd. 9.Rights of parties at hearing.

The minor and the minor's parent, guardian, or custodian are entitled to be heard, to present evidence material to the case, and to cross-examine witnesses appearing at the hearing.

Subd. 10.Waiver.

(a) Waiver of any right which a child has under this chapter must be an express waiver voluntarily and intelligently made by the child after the child has been fully and effectively informed of the right being waived.

(b) Waiver of a child's right to be represented by counsel provided under the juvenile court rules must be an express waiver voluntarily and intelligently made by the child after the child has been fully and effectively informed of the right being waived. In determining whether a child has voluntarily and intelligently waived the right to counsel, the court shall look to the totality of the circumstances which includes but is not limited to the child's age, maturity, intelligence, education, experience, and ability to comprehend, and the presence and competence of the child's parents, guardian, or guardian ad litem. If the court accepts the child's waiver, it shall state on the record the findings and conclusions that form the basis for its decision to accept the waiver.

260B.168 COMPLIANCE WITH INDIAN CHILD WELFARE ACT.

The provisions of this chapter must be construed consistently with the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978, United States Code, title 25, sections 1901 to 1963.

RECORDS

260B.171 RECORDS.

Subdivision 1.Records required to be kept.

(a) The juvenile court judge shall keep such minutes and in such manner as the court deems necessary and proper. Except as provided in paragraph (b), the court shall keep and maintain records pertaining to delinquent adjudications until the person reaches the age of 28 years and shall release the records on an individual to another juvenile court that has jurisdiction of the juvenile, to a requesting adult court for purposes of sentencing, or to an adult court or juvenile court as required by the right of confrontation of either the United States Constitution or the Minnesota Constitution. The juvenile court shall provide, upon the request of any other juvenile court, copies of the records concerning adjudications involving the particular child. The court also may provide copies of records concerning delinquency adjudications, on request, to law enforcement agencies, probation officers, and corrections agents if the court finds that providing these records serves public safety or is in the best interests of the child. Juvenile court delinquency proceeding records of adjudications, court transcripts, and delinquency petitions, including any probable cause attachments that have been filed or police officer reports relating to a petition, must be released to requesting law enforcement agencies and prosecuting authorities for purposes of investigating and prosecuting violations of section 609.229, provided that psychological or mental health reports may not be included with those records. The agency receiving the records may release the records only as permitted under this section or authorized by law.

The court shall also keep an index in which files pertaining to juvenile matters shall be indexed under the name of the child. After the name of each file shall be shown the file number and, if ordered by the court, the book and page of the register in which the documents pertaining to such file are listed. The court shall also keep a register properly indexed in which shall be listed under the name of the child all documents filed pertaining to the child and in the order filed. The list shall show the name of the document and the date of filing thereof. The juvenile court legal records shall be deposited in files and shall include the petition, summons, notice, findings, orders, decrees, judgments, and motions and such other matters as the court deems necessary and proper. Unless otherwise provided by law, all court records shall be open at all reasonable times to the inspection of any child to whom the records relate, and to the child's parent and guardian.

(b) The court shall retain records of the court finding that a juvenile committed an act that would be a felony- or gross misdemeanor level offense until the offender reaches the age of 28. If the offender commits a felony as an adult, or the court convicts a child as an extended jurisdiction juvenile, the court shall retain the juvenile records for as long as the records would have been retained if the offender had been an adult at the time of the juvenile offense. This paragraph does not apply unless the juvenile was provided counsel as required by section 260B.163, subdivision 2.

Subd. 2.Record of findings.

(a) The juvenile court shall forward to the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension the following data in juvenile petitions involving felony- or gross misdemeanor-level offenses:

(1) the name and birthdate of the juvenile, including any of the juvenile's known aliases or street names;

(2) the act for which the juvenile was petitioned and date of the offense; and

(3) the date and county where the petition was filed.

(b) Upon completion of the court proceedings, the court shall forward the court's finding and case disposition to the bureau. The court shall specify whether:

(1) the juvenile was referred to a diversion program;

(2) the petition was dismissed, continued for dismissal, or continued without adjudication; or

(3) the juvenile was adjudicated delinquent.

(c) The juvenile court shall forward to the bureau, the Sentencing Guidelines Commission, and the Department of Corrections the following data on individuals convicted as extended jurisdiction juveniles:

(1) the name and birthdate of the offender, including any of the juvenile's known aliases or street names;

(2) the crime committed by the offender and the date of the crime;

(3) the date and county of the conviction; and

(4) the case disposition.

The court shall notify the bureau, the Sentencing Guidelines Commission, and the Department of Corrections whenever it executes an extended jurisdiction juvenile's adult sentence under section 260B.130, subdivision 5.

(d) The juvenile court shall forward to the statewide supervision system described in section 241.065 the following data in juvenile petitions for individuals under supervision by probation agencies or in an out-of-home placement:

(1) the name, address, birth date, race, and gender of the juvenile, including any of the juvenile's known aliases or street names;

(2) the act for which the juvenile was petitioned and date of offense;

(3) the date and county where the petition was filed;

(4) county, date of court action, and court file number of any adjudication or continuance;

(5) the case disposition, including any conditions of supervision; and

(6) the discharge or closing date and reason for the case under supervision.

(e) The bureau, Sentencing Guidelines Commission, and the Department of Corrections shall retain the extended jurisdiction juvenile data for as long as the data would have been retained if the offender had been an adult at the time of the offense. Data retained on individuals under this subdivision are private data under section 13.02, except that extended jurisdiction juvenile data becomes public data under section 13.87, subdivision 2, when the juvenile court notifies the bureau that the individual's adult sentence has been executed under section 260B.130, subdivision 5.

Subd. 3.Disposition order; copy to school.

(a) If a juvenile is enrolled in school, the juvenile's probation officer shall ensure that either a mailed notice or an electronic copy of the court's disposition order be transmitted to the superintendent of the juvenile's school district or the chief administrative officer of the juvenile's school if the juvenile has been adjudicated delinquent for committing an act on the school's property or an act:

(1) that would be a violation of section 609.185 (first-degree murder); 609.19 (second-degree murder); 609.195 (third-degree murder); 609.20 (first-degree manslaughter); 609.205 (second-degree manslaughter); 609.2112, 609.2113, or 609.2114 (criminal vehicular homicide or injury); 609.221 (first-degree assault); 609.222 (second-degree assault); 609.223 (third-degree assault); 609.2231 (fourth-degree assault); 609.224 (fifth-degree assault); 609.2242 (domestic assault); 609.24 (simple robbery); 609.245 (aggravated robbery); 609.25 (kidnapping); 609.255 (false imprisonment); 609.342 (first-degree criminal sexual conduct); 609.343 (second-degree criminal sexual conduct); 609.344 (third-degree criminal sexual conduct); 609.345 (fourth-degree criminal sexual conduct); 609.3451 (fifth-degree criminal sexual conduct); 609.498 (tampering with a witness); 609.561 (first-degree arson); 609.582, subdivision 1 or 2 (burglary); 609.713 (terroristic threats); or 609.749 (harassment or stalking), if committed by an adult; or Minnesota Statutes 2012, section 609.21;

(2) that would be a violation of section 152.021 (first-degree controlled substance crime); 152.022 (second-degree controlled substance crime); 152.023 (third-degree controlled substance crime); 152.024 (fourth-degree controlled substance crime); 152.025 (fifth-degree controlled substance crime); 152.0261 (importing a controlled substance); 152.0262 (possession of substances with intent to manufacture methamphetamine); or 152.027 (other controlled substance offenses), if committed by an adult; or

(3) that involved the possession or use of a dangerous weapon as defined in section 609.02, subdivision 6.

When a disposition order is transmitted under this subdivision, the probation officer shall notify the juvenile's parent or legal guardian that the disposition order has been shared with the juvenile's school.

(b) In addition, the juvenile's probation officer may transmit a copy of the court's disposition order to the superintendent of the juvenile's school district or the chief administrative officer of the juvenile's school if the juvenile has been adjudicated delinquent for offenses not listed in paragraph (a) and placed on probation. The probation officer shall notify the superintendent or chief administrative officer when the juvenile is discharged from probation.

(c) The disposition order must be accompanied by a notice to the school that the school may obtain additional information from the juvenile's probation officer with the consent of the juvenile or the juvenile's parents, as applicable. The disposition order must be maintained, shared, or released only as provided in section 121A.75.

(d) The juvenile's probation officer shall maintain a record of disposition orders released under this subdivision and the basis for the release.

(e) No later than September 1, 2002, the criminal and juvenile justice information policy group, in consultation with representatives of probation officers and educators, shall prepare standard forms for use by juvenile probation officers in forwarding information to schools under this subdivision and in maintaining a record of the information that is released. The group shall provide a copy of any forms or procedures developed under this paragraph to the legislature by January 15, 2003.

(f) As used in this subdivision, "school" means a charter school or a school as defined in section 120A.22, subdivision 4, except a home school.

Subd. 4.Public inspection of records.

(a) Legal records arising from proceedings or portions of proceedings that are public under section 260B.163, subdivision 1, are open to public inspection.

(b) Except as otherwise provided by this section, none of the records of the juvenile court and none of the records relating to an appeal from a nonpublic juvenile court proceeding, except the written appellate opinion, shall be open to public inspection or their contents disclosed except:

(1) by order of a court; or

(2) as required by chapter 245C or sections 245A.04, 611A.03, 611A.04, 611A.06, and 629.73.

(c) The victim of any alleged delinquent act may, upon the victim's request, obtain the following information, unless it reasonably appears that the request is prompted by a desire on the part of the requester to engage in unlawful activities:

(1) the name and age of the juvenile;

(2) the act for which the juvenile was petitioned and date of the offense; and

(3) the disposition, including, but not limited to, dismissal of the petition, diversion, probation and conditions of probation, detention, fines, or restitution.

(d) The records of juvenile probation officers and county home schools are records of the court for the purposes of this subdivision. Court services data relating to delinquent acts that are contained in records of the juvenile court may be released as allowed under section 13.84, subdivision 6. This subdivision applies to all proceedings under this chapter, including appeals from orders of the juvenile court, except that this subdivision does not apply to proceedings under section 260B.335 or 260B.425 when the proceeding involves an adult defendant. The court shall maintain the confidentiality of adoption files and records in accordance with the provisions of laws relating to adoptions. In juvenile court proceedings any report or social history furnished to the court shall be open to inspection by the attorneys of record and the guardian ad litem a reasonable time before it is used in connection with any proceeding before the court.

(e) When a judge of a juvenile court, or duly authorized agent of the court, determines under a proceeding under this chapter that a child has violated a state or local law, ordinance, or regulation pertaining to the operation of a motor vehicle on streets and highways, except parking violations, the judge or agent shall immediately report the violation to the commissioner of public safety. The report must be made on a form provided by the Department of Public Safety and must contain the information required under section 169.95.

(f) A county attorney may give a law enforcement agency that referred a delinquency matter to the county attorney a summary of the results of that referral, including the details of any juvenile court disposition.

Subd. 5.Peace officer records of children.

(a) Except for records relating to an offense where proceedings are public under section 260B.163, subdivision 1, peace officers' records of children who are or may be delinquent or who may be engaged in criminal acts shall be kept separate from records of persons 18 years of age or older and are private data but shall be disseminated: (1) by order of the juvenile court, (2) as required by section 121A.28, (3) as authorized under section 13.82, subdivision 2, (4) to the child or the child's parent or guardian unless disclosure of a record would interfere with an ongoing investigation, (5) to the Minnesota crime victims reparations board as required by section 611A.56, subdivision 2, clause (6), for the purpose of processing claims for crime victims reparations, or (6) as otherwise provided in this subdivision. Except as provided in paragraph (c), no photographs of a child taken into custody may be taken without the consent of the juvenile court unless the child is alleged to have violated section 169A.20. Peace officers' records containing data about children who are victims of crimes or witnesses to crimes must be administered consistent with section 13.82, subdivisions 2, 3, 6, and 17. Any person violating any of the provisions of this subdivision shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.

In the case of computerized records maintained about juveniles by peace officers, the requirement of this subdivision that records about juveniles must be kept separate from adult records does not mean that a law enforcement agency must keep its records concerning juveniles on a separate computer system. Law enforcement agencies may keep juvenile records on the same computer as adult records and may use a common index to access both juvenile and adult records so long as the agency has in place procedures that keep juvenile records in a separate place in computer storage and that comply with the special data retention and other requirements associated with protecting data on juveniles.

(b) Nothing in this subdivision prohibits the exchange of information by law enforcement agencies if the exchanged information is pertinent and necessary for law enforcement purposes.

(c) A photograph may be taken of a child taken into custody pursuant to section 260B.175, subdivision 1, clause (b), provided that the photograph must be destroyed when the child reaches the age of 19 years. The commissioner of corrections may photograph juveniles whose legal custody is transferred to the commissioner. Photographs of juveniles authorized by this paragraph may be used only for institution management purposes, case supervision by parole agents, and to assist law enforcement agencies to apprehend juvenile offenders. The commissioner shall maintain photographs of juveniles in the same manner as juvenile court records and names under this section.

(d) Traffic investigation reports are open to inspection by a person who has sustained physical harm or economic loss as a result of the traffic accident. Identifying information on juveniles who are parties to traffic accidents may be disclosed as authorized under section 13.82, subdivision 6, and accident reports required under section 169.09 may be released under section 169.09, subdivision 13, unless the information would identify a juvenile who was taken into custody or who is suspected of committing an offense that would be a crime if committed by an adult, or would associate a juvenile with the offense, and the offense is not an adult court traffic offense under section 260B.225.

(e) The head of a law enforcement agency or a person specifically given the duty by the head of the law enforcement agency shall notify the superintendent or chief administrative officer of a juvenile's school of an incident occurring within the agency's jurisdiction if:

(1) the agency has probable cause to believe that the juvenile has committed an offense that would be a crime if committed as an adult, that the victim of the offense is a student or staff member of the school, and that notice to the school is reasonably necessary for the protection of the victim; or

(2) the agency has probable cause to believe that the juvenile has committed an offense described in subdivision 3, paragraph (a), clauses (1) to (3), that would be a crime if committed by an adult, regardless of whether the victim is a student or staff member of the school.

A law enforcement agency is not required to notify the school under this paragraph if the agency determines that notice would jeopardize an ongoing investigation. For purposes of this paragraph, "school" means a public or private elementary, middle, secondary, or charter school.

(f) In any county in which the county attorney operates or authorizes the operation of a juvenile prepetition or pretrial diversion program, a law enforcement agency or county attorney's office may provide the juvenile diversion program with data concerning a juvenile who is a participant in or is being considered for participation in the program.

(g) Upon request of a local social services agency, peace officer records of children who are or may be delinquent or who may be engaged in criminal acts may be disseminated to the agency to promote the best interests of the subject of the data.

(h) Upon written request, the prosecuting authority shall release investigative data collected by a law enforcement agency to the victim of a criminal act or alleged criminal act or to the victim's legal representative, except as otherwise provided by this paragraph. Data shall not be released if:

(1) the release to the individual subject of the data would be prohibited under section 13.821; or

(2) the prosecuting authority reasonably believes:

(i) that the release of that data will interfere with the investigation; or

(ii) that the request is prompted by a desire on the part of the requester to engage in unlawful activities.

Subd. 6.Attorney access to records.

An attorney representing a child, parent, or guardian ad litem in a proceeding under this chapter shall be given access to records, local social services agency files, and reports which form the basis of any recommendation made to the court. An attorney does not have access under this subdivision to the identity of a person who made a report under chapter 260E. The court may issue protective orders to prohibit an attorney from sharing a specified record or portion of a record with a client other than a guardian ad litem.

Subd. 7.Court record released to prosecutor.

If a prosecutor has probable cause to believe that a person has committed a gross misdemeanor violation of section 169A.20, and that a prior juvenile court adjudication forms, in part, the basis for the current violation, the prosecutor may file an application with the court having jurisdiction over the criminal matter attesting to this probable cause determination and seeking the relevant juvenile court records. The court shall transfer the application to the juvenile court where the requested records are maintained, and the juvenile court shall release to the prosecutor any records relating to the person's prior juvenile traffic adjudication, including a transcript, if any, of the court's advisory of the right to counsel and the person's exercise or waiver of that right.

Subd. 8.Further release of records.

A person who receives access to juvenile court or peace officer records of children that are not accessible to the public may not release or disclose the records to any other person except as authorized by law. This subdivision does not apply to the child who is the subject of the records or the child's parent or guardian.

Subd. 9.Electronic case records.

There shall be no direct public access to juvenile delinquency records maintained in electronic format in court information systems related to juvenile court proceedings that are public under section 260B.163, subdivision 1, except, unless the juvenile and the prosecutor agree otherwise, in cases where:

(1) the prosecutor filed a motion for certification;

(2) the prosecutor designated or requested that the proceeding be designated an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution; or

(3) the juvenile has been adjudicated delinquent of a crime of violence as defined in section 624.712, subdivision 5, and not codified in chapter 152.

260B.173 [Repealed, 2007 c 54 art 5 s 21]

DETENTION

260B.175 TAKING CHILD INTO CUSTODY.

Subdivision 1.Immediate custody.

No child may be taken into immediate custody except:

(a) with an order issued by the court in accordance with the provisions of section 260C.151, subdivision 6, or Laws 1997, chapter 239, article 10, section 10, paragraph (a), clause (3), or 12, paragraph (a), clause (3), or by a warrant issued in accordance with the provisions of section 260B.154;

(b) in accordance with the laws relating to arrests; or

(c) by a peace officer or probation or parole officer when it is reasonably believed that the child has violated the terms of probation, parole, or other field supervision.

Subd. 2.Not an arrest.

The taking of a child into custody under the provisions of this section shall not be considered an arrest.

Subd. 3.Notice to parent or custodian.

Whenever a peace officer takes a child into custody for shelter care or relative placement pursuant to subdivision 1 or section 260B.154, the officer shall notify the parent or custodian that under section 260B.181, subdivision 2, the parent or custodian may request that the child be placed with a relative or a designated caregiver under chapter 257A instead of in a shelter care facility. The officer also shall give the parent or custodian of the child a list of names, addresses, and telephone numbers of social services agencies that offer child welfare services. If the parent or custodian was not present when the child was removed from the residence, the list shall be left with an adult on the premises or left in a conspicuous place on the premises if no adult is present. If the officer has reason to believe the parent or custodian is not able to read and understand English, the officer must provide a list that is written in the language of the parent or custodian. The list shall be prepared by the commissioner of human services. The commissioner shall prepare lists for each county and provide each county with copies of the list without charge. The list shall be reviewed annually by the commissioner and updated if it is no longer accurate. Neither the commissioner nor any peace officer or the officer's employer shall be liable to any person for mistakes or omissions in the list. The list does not constitute a promise that any agency listed will in fact assist the parent or custodian.

Subd. 4.Protective pat-down search of child authorized.

(a) A peace officer who takes a child of any age or gender into custody under the provisions of this section is authorized to perform a protective pat-down search of the child in order to protect the officer's safety.

(b) A peace officer also may perform a protective pat-down search of a child in order to protect the officer's safety in circumstances where the officer does not intend to take the child into custody, if this section authorizes the officer to take the child into custody.

(c) Evidence discovered in the course of a lawful search under this section is admissible.

260B.176 RELEASE OR DETENTION.

Subdivision 1.Notification; release.

If a child is taken into custody as provided in section 260B.175, the parent, guardian, or custodian of the child shall be notified as soon as possible. Unless there is reason to believe that the child would endanger self or others, not return for a court hearing, run away from the child's parent, guardian, or custodian or otherwise not remain in the care or control of the person to whose lawful custody the child is released, or that the child's health or welfare would be immediately endangered, the child shall be released to the custody of a parent, guardian, custodian, or other suitable person. The person to whom the child is released shall promise to bring the child to the court, if necessary, at the time the court may direct. If the person taking the child into custody believes it desirable, that person may request the parent, guardian, custodian, or other person designated by the court to sign a written promise to bring the child to court as provided above. The intentional violation of such a promise, whether given orally or in writing, shall be punishable as contempt of court.

The court may require the parent, guardian, custodian, or other person to whom the child is released, to post any reasonable bail or bond required by the court which shall be forfeited to the court if the child does not appear as directed. The court may also release the child on the child's own promise to appear in juvenile court.

Subd. 2.Reasons for detention.

(a) If the child is not released as provided in subdivision 1, the person taking the child into custody shall notify the court as soon as possible of the detention of the child and the reasons for detention.

(b) No child may be detained in a juvenile secure detention facility or shelter care facility longer than 36 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, after being taken into custody for a delinquent act as defined in section 260B.007, subdivision 6, unless a petition has been filed and the judge or referee determines pursuant to section 260B.178 that the child shall remain in detention.

(c) No child may be detained in an adult jail or municipal lockup longer than 24 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, or longer than six hours in an adult jail or municipal lockup in a standard metropolitan statistical area, after being taken into custody for a delinquent act as defined in section 260B.007, subdivision 6, unless:

(1) a petition has been filed under section 260B.141; and

(2) a judge or referee has determined under section 260B.178 that the child shall remain in detention.

After August 1, 1991, no child described in this paragraph may be detained in an adult jail or municipal lockup longer than 24 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, or longer than six hours in an adult jail or municipal lockup in a standard metropolitan statistical area, unless the requirements of this paragraph have been met and, in addition, a motion to refer the child for adult prosecution has been made under section 260B.125. Notwithstanding this paragraph, continued detention of a child in an adult detention facility outside of a standard metropolitan statistical area county is permissible if:

(i) the facility in which the child is detained is located where conditions of distance to be traveled or other ground transportation do not allow for court appearances within 24 hours. A delay not to exceed 48 hours may be made under this clause; or

(ii) the facility is located where conditions of safety exist. Time for an appearance may be delayed until 24 hours after the time that conditions allow for reasonably safe travel. "Conditions of safety" include adverse life-threatening weather conditions that do not allow for reasonably safe travel.

The continued detention of a child under clause (i) or (ii) must be reported to the commissioner of corrections.

(d) If a child described in paragraph (c) is to be detained in a jail beyond 24 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, the judge or referee, in accordance with rules and procedures established by the commissioner of corrections, shall notify the commissioner of the place of the detention and the reasons therefor. The commissioner shall thereupon assist the court in the relocation of the child in an appropriate juvenile secure detention facility or approved jail within the county or elsewhere in the state, or in determining suitable alternatives. The commissioner shall direct that a child detained in a jail be detained after eight days from and including the date of the original detention order in an approved juvenile secure detention facility with the approval of the administrative authority of the facility. If the court refers the matter to the prosecuting authority pursuant to section 260B.125, notice to the commissioner shall not be required.

(e) When a child is detained for an alleged delinquent act in a state licensed juvenile facility or program, or when a child is detained in an adult jail or municipal lockup as provided in paragraph (c), the supervisor of the facility shall, if the child's parent or legal guardian consents, have a children's mental health screening conducted with a screening instrument approved by the commissioner of human services, unless a screening has been performed within the previous 180 days or the child is currently under the care of a mental health professional. The screening shall be conducted by a mental health practitioner as defined in section 245.4871, subdivision 26, or a probation officer who is trained in the use of the screening instrument. The screening shall be conducted after the initial detention hearing has been held and the court has ordered the child continued in detention. The results of the screening may only be presented to the court at the dispositional phase of the court proceedings on the matter unless the parent or legal guardian consents to presentation at a different time. If the screening indicates a need for assessment, the local social services agency or probation officer, with the approval of the child's parent or legal guardian, shall have a diagnostic assessment conducted, including a functional assessment, as defined in section 245.4871.

Subd. 3.Shelter care facility; secure detention facility.

If the person who has taken the child into custody determines that the child should be placed in a secure detention facility or a shelter care facility, that person shall advise the child and as soon as is possible, the child's parent, guardian, or custodian:

(a) of the reasons why the child has been taken into custody and why the child is being placed in a juvenile secure detention facility or a shelter care facility; and

(b) of the location of the juvenile secure detention facility or shelter care facility. If there is reason to believe that disclosure of the location of the shelter care facility would place the child's health and welfare in immediate endangerment, disclosure of the location of the shelter care facility shall not be made; and

(c) that the child's parent, guardian, or custodian and attorney or guardian ad litem may make an initial visit to the secure detention facility or shelter care facility at any time. Subsequent visits by a parent, guardian, or custodian may be made on a reasonable basis during visiting hours and by the child's attorney or guardian ad litem at reasonable hours; and

(d) that the child may telephone parents and an attorney or guardian ad litem from the juvenile secure detention facility or shelter care facility immediately after being admitted to the facility and thereafter on a reasonable basis to be determined by the director of the facility; and

(e) that the child may not be detained for acts as defined in section 260B.007, subdivision 6, at a juvenile secure detention facility or shelter care facility longer than 36 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, unless a petition has been filed within that time and the court orders the child's continued detention, pursuant to section 260B.178; and

(f) that the child may not be detained for acts defined in section 260B.007, subdivision 6, at an adult jail or municipal lockup longer than 24 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, or longer than six hours if the adult jail or municipal lockup is in a standard metropolitan statistical area, unless a petition has been filed and the court orders the child's continued detention under section 260B.178; and

(g) of the date, time, and place of the detention hearing, if this information is available to the person who has taken the child into custody; and

(h) that the child and the child's parent, guardian, or custodian have the right to be present and to be represented by counsel at the detention hearing, and that if they cannot afford counsel, counsel will be appointed at public expense for the child, if it is a delinquency matter.

After August 1, 1991, the child's parent, guardian, or custodian shall also be informed under clause (f) that the child may not be detained in an adult jail or municipal lockup longer than 24 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, or longer than six hours if the adult jail or municipal lockup is in a standard metropolitan statistical area, unless a motion to refer the child for adult prosecution has been made within that time period.

Subd. 4.Transportation.

If a child is to be detained in a secure detention facility or shelter care facility, the child shall be promptly transported to the facility in a manner approved by the facility or by securing a written transportation order from the court authorizing transportation by the sheriff or other qualified person. The person who has determined that the child should be detained shall deliver to the court and the supervisor of the secure detention facility or shelter care facility where the child is placed, a signed report, setting forth:

(a) the time the child was taken into custody; and

(b) the time the child was delivered for transportation to the secure detention facility or shelter care facility; and

(c) the reasons why the child was taken into custody; and

(d) the reasons why the child has been placed in detention; and

(e) a statement that the child and the child's parent have received the notification required by subdivision 3 or the reasons why they have not been so notified; and

(f) any instructions required by subdivision 5.

Subd. 5.Shelter care; notice to parent.

When a child is to be placed in a shelter care facility the person taking the child into custody or the court shall determine whether or not there is reason to believe that disclosure of the shelter care facility's location to the child's parent, guardian, or custodian would immediately endanger the health and welfare of the child. If there is reason to believe that the child's health and welfare would be immediately endangered, disclosure of the location shall not be made. This determination shall be included in the report required by subdivision 4, along with instructions to the shelter care facility to notify or withhold notification.

Subd. 6.Report.

(a) When a child has been delivered to a secure detention facility, the supervisor of the facility shall deliver to the court a signed report acknowledging receipt of the child stating the time of the child's arrival. The supervisor of the facility shall ascertain from the report of the person who has taken the child into custody whether the child and a parent, guardian, or custodian have received the notification required by subdivision 3. If the child or a parent, guardian or custodian, or both, have not been so notified, the supervisor of the facility shall immediately make the notification, and shall include in the report to the court a statement that notification has been received or the reasons why it has not.

(b) When a child has been delivered to a shelter care facility, the supervisor of the facility shall deliver to the court a signed report acknowledging receipt of the child stating the time of the child's arrival. The supervisor of the facility shall ascertain from the report of the person who has taken the child into custody whether the child's parent, guardian or custodian has been notified of the placement of the child at the shelter care facility and its location, and the supervisor shall follow any instructions concerning notification contained in that report.

260B.178 DETENTION HEARING.

Subdivision 1.Hearing and release requirements.

(a) The court shall hold a detention hearing:

(1) within 36 hours of the time the child was taken into custody, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, if the child is being held at a juvenile secure detention facility or shelter care facility; or

(2) within 24 hours of the time the child was taken into custody, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, if the child is being held at an adult jail or municipal lockup.

(b) Unless there is reason to believe that the child would endanger self or others, not return for a court hearing, run away from the child's parent, guardian, or custodian or otherwise not remain in the care or control of the person to whose lawful custody the child is released, or that the child's health or welfare would be immediately endangered, the child shall be released to the custody of a parent, guardian, custodian, or other suitable person, subject to reasonable conditions of release including, but not limited to, a requirement that the child undergo a chemical use assessment as provided in section 260B.157, subdivision 1, and a children's mental health screening as provided in section 260B.176, subdivision 2, paragraph (e). In determining whether the child's health or welfare would be immediately endangered, the court shall consider whether the child would reside with a perpetrator of domestic child abuse.

Subd. 2.Continuation of detention.

If the court determines that the child should continue in detention, it may order detention continued for eight days, excluding Saturdays, Sundays and holidays, from and including the date of the order. Unless a motion to refer the child for adult prosecution is pending, a child who has been detained in an adult jail or municipal lockup and for whom continued detention is ordered, must be transferred to a juvenile secure detention facility or shelter care facility. The court shall include in its order the reasons for continued detention and the findings of fact which support these reasons.

Subd. 3.Service of orders.

Copies of the court's order shall be served upon the parties, including the supervisor of the detention facility, who shall release the child or continue to hold the child as the court orders.

When the court's order is served upon these parties, notice shall also be given to the parties of the subsequent reviews provided by subdivision 4. The notice shall also inform each party of the right to submit to the court for informal review any new evidence regarding whether the child should be continued in detention and to request a hearing to present the evidence to the court.

Subd. 4.Review of case.

If a child held in detention under a court order issued under subdivision 2 has not been released prior to expiration of the order, the court or referee shall informally review the child's case file to determine, under the standards provided by subdivision 1, whether detention should be continued. If detention is continued thereafter, informal reviews such as these shall be held within every eight days, excluding Saturdays, Sundays and holidays, of the child's detention.

A hearing, rather than an informal review of the child's case file, shall be held at the request of any one of the parties notified pursuant to subdivision 3, if that party notifies the court of a wish to present to the court new evidence concerning whether the child should be continued in detention or notifies the court of a wish to present an alternate placement arrangement to provide for the safety and protection of the child.

260B.181 PLACE OF TEMPORARY CUSTODY; SHELTER CARE FACILITY.

Subdivision 1.Temporary custody.

A child taken into custody pursuant to sections 260B.175 and 260C.175 may be detained for up to 24 hours in a shelter care facility, secure detention facility, or, if there is no secure detention facility available for use by the county having jurisdiction over the child, in a jail or other facility for the confinement of adults who have been charged with or convicted of a crime in quarters separate from any adult confined in the facility which has been approved for the detention of juveniles by the commissioner of corrections. At the end of the 24-hour detention any child requiring further detention may be detained only as provided in this section.

Subd. 2.Least restrictive setting.

Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision 1, if the child had been taken into custody pursuant to section 260B.175, subdivision 1, clause (a), and is not alleged to be delinquent, the child shall be detained in the least restrictive setting consistent with the child's health and welfare and in closest proximity to the child's family as possible. Placement may be with a child's relative, a designated caregiver under chapter 257A, or in a shelter care facility. The placing officer shall comply with this section and shall document why a less restrictive setting will or will not be in the best interests of the child for placement purposes.

Subd. 3.Placement.

If the child had been taken into custody and detained as one who is alleged to be delinquent or a juvenile petty offender by reason of:

(1) having committed an offense which would not constitute a violation of a state law or local ordinance if the child were an adult; or

(2) having been previously adjudicated delinquent or a juvenile petty offender, or conditionally released by the juvenile court without adjudication, has violated probation, parole, or other field supervision under which the child had been placed as a result of behavior described in this subdivision; the child may be placed only in a shelter care facility.

Subd. 4.Detention in facilities; type; duration.

If a child is taken into custody as one who:

(1) has allegedly committed an act which would constitute a violation of a state law or a local ordinance if the child were an adult; or

(2) is reasonably believed to have violated the terms of probation, parole, or other field supervision under which the child had been placed as a result of behavior described under clause (1);

the child may be detained in a shelter care or secure juvenile detention facility. If the child cannot be detained in another type of detention facility, and if there is no secure juvenile detention facility or existing acceptable detention alternative available for juveniles within the county, a child described in this subdivision may be detained up to 24 hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, or up to six hours in a standard metropolitan statistical area, in a jail, lockup or other facility used for the confinement of adults who have been charged with or convicted of a crime, in quarters separate from any adult confined in the facility which has been approved for the detention of juveniles by the commissioner of corrections. If continued detention in an adult jail is approved by the court under section 260B.178, subdivision 2, and there is no juvenile secure detention facility available for use by the county having jurisdiction over the child, such child may be detained for no more than eight days from and including the date of the original detention order in separate quarters in any jail or other adult facility for the confinement of persons charged with or convicted of crime which has been approved by the commissioner of corrections to be suitable for the detention of juveniles for up to eight days. Except for children who have been referred for prosecution pursuant to section 260B.125, and as hereinafter provided, any child requiring secure detention for more than eight days from and including the date of the original detention order must be removed to an approved secure juvenile detention facility. A child 16 years of age or older against whom a motion to refer for prosecution is pending before the court may be detained for more than eight days in separate quarters in a jail or other facility which has been approved by the commissioner of corrections for the detention of juveniles for up to eight days after a hearing and subject to the periodic reviews provided in section 260B.178. No child under the age of 14 may be detained in a jail, lockup or other facility used for the confinement of adults who have been charged with or convicted of a crime.

Subd. 5.State correctional institution.

In order for a child to be detained at a state correctional institution for juveniles, the commissioner of corrections must first consent thereto, and the county must agree to pay the costs of the child's detention.

Where the commissioner directs that a child be detained in an approved juvenile facility with the approval of the administrative authority of the facility as provided in subdivision 4 or section 260B.176, subdivision 2, the costs of such detention shall be a charge upon the county for which the child is being detained.

History:

1999 c 139 art 2 s 26; art 4 s 2

260B.185 EXTENSION OF DETENTION PERIOD.

Subdivision 1.Detention.

Before July 1, 1999, and pursuant to a request from an eight-day temporary holdover facility, as defined in Minnesota Statutes 1998, section 241.0221, the commissioner of corrections, or the commissioner's designee, may grant a onetime extension per child to the eight-day limit on detention under this chapter. This extension may allow such a facility to detain a child for up to 30 days including weekends and holidays. Upon the expiration of the extension, the child may not be transferred to another eight-day temporary holdover facility. The commissioner shall develop criteria for granting extensions under this section. These criteria must ensure that the child be transferred to a long-term juvenile detention facility as soon as such a transfer is possible. Nothing in this section changes the requirements in section 260B.178 regarding the necessity of detention hearings to determine whether continued detention of the child is proper.

Subd. 2.Continued detention.

(a) A delay not to exceed 48 hours may be made if the facility in which the child is detained is located where conditions of distance to be traveled or other ground transportation do not allow for court appearances within 24 hours.

(b) A delay may be made if the facility is located where conditions of safety exist. Time for an appearance may be delayed until 24 hours after the time that conditions allow for reasonably safe travel. "Conditions of safety" include adverse life-threatening weather conditions that do not allow for reasonably safe travel.

(c) The continued detention of a child under paragraph (a) or (b) must be reported to the commissioner of corrections.

260B.188 CHILDREN IN CUSTODY; RESPONSIBILITY FOR MEDICAL CARE.

Subdivision 1.Medical aid.

If a child is taken into custody as provided in section 260B.175 and detained in a local juvenile secure detention facility or shelter care facility, or if a child is sentenced by the juvenile court to a local correctional facility as defined in section 241.021, subdivision 1, paragraph (f), the child's county of residence shall pay the costs of medical services provided to the child during the period of time the child is residing in the facility. The county of residence is entitled to reimbursement from the child or the child's family for payment of medical bills to the extent that the child or the child's family has the ability to pay for the medical services. If there is a disagreement between the county and the child or the child's family concerning the ability to pay or whether the medical services were necessary, the court with jurisdiction over the child shall determine the extent, if any, of the child's or the family's ability to pay for the medical services or whether the services are necessary. If the child is covered by health or medical insurance or a health plan when medical services are provided, the county paying the costs of medical services has a right of subrogation to be reimbursed by the insurance carrier or health plan for all amounts spent by it for medical services to the child that are covered by the insurance policy or health plan, in accordance with the benefits, limitations, exclusions, provider restrictions, and other provisions of the policy or health plan. The county may maintain an action to enforce this subrogation right. The county does not have a right of subrogation against the medical assistance program or the MinnesotaCare program.

Subd. 2.Intake procedure; health coverage.

As part of its intake procedure for children, the official having custody over the child shall ask the child or the child's family, as appropriate, whether the child has health coverage. If the child has coverage under a policy of accident and health insurance regulated under chapter 62A, a health maintenance contract regulated under chapter 62D, a group subscriber contract regulated under chapter 62C, a health benefit certificate regulated under chapter 64B, a self-insured plan, or other health coverage, the child or the child's family, as appropriate, shall provide to the official having custody over the child the name of the carrier or administrator and other information and authorizations necessary for the official having custody over the child to obtain specific information about coverage.

Subd. 3.Obtaining health care in compliance with coverage.

A county board may authorize the officials having custody over children to fulfill the county board's obligation to provide the medical aid required by subdivision 1 in accordance with the terms of the health plan covering the child, where possible, subject to any rules and exceptions provided by the county board. The official having custody over a child has no obligation to the child or to the child's family to obtain the child's health care in accordance with the child's health coverage.

Subd. 4.Scope.

Subdivisions 1, 2, and 3 apply to any medical aid, including dental care, provided to children held in custody by the county as described in subdivision 1.

DISPOSITION

260B.193 DISPOSITIONS; GENERAL PROVISIONS.

Subdivision 1.Dismissal of petition.

Whenever the court finds that the minor is not within the jurisdiction of the court or that the facts alleged in the petition have not been proved, it shall dismiss the petition.

Subd. 2.Consideration of reports.

Before making a disposition in a case, or appointing a guardian for a child, the court may consider any report or recommendation made by the local social services agency, probation officer, licensed child-placing agency, foster parent, guardian ad litem, tribal representative, or other authorized advocate for the child or child's family, a school district concerning the effect on student transportation of placing a child in a school district in which the child is not a resident, or any other information deemed material by the court. In addition, the court may consider the results of the children's mental health screening provided in section 260B.157, subdivision 1.

Subd. 3.

[Repealed, 2001 c 78 s 4]

Subd. 4.Intended outcomes.

When the court orders an out-of-home placement disposition for a child, the court shall state in its disposition order the intended outcome of the placement.

Subd. 5.Termination of jurisdiction.

(a) The court may dismiss the petition or otherwise terminate its jurisdiction on its own motion or on the motion or petition of any interested party at any time. Unless terminated by the court, and except as otherwise provided in this subdivision, the jurisdiction of the court shall continue until the individual becomes 19 years of age if the court determines it is in the best interest of the individual to do so.

(b) The jurisdiction of the court over an extended jurisdiction juvenile, with respect to the offense for which the individual was convicted as an extended jurisdiction juvenile, extends until the offender becomes 21 years of age, unless the court terminates jurisdiction before that date.

(c) The juvenile court has jurisdiction to designate the proceeding an extended jurisdiction juvenile prosecution, to hold a certification hearing, or to conduct a trial, receive a plea, or impose a disposition under section 260B.130, subdivision 4, if:

(1) an adult is alleged to have committed an offense before the adult's 18th birthday; and

(2) a petition is filed under section 260B.141 before expiration of the time for filing under section 628.26 and before the adult's 21st birthday.

The juvenile court lacks jurisdiction under this paragraph if the adult demonstrates that the delay was purposefully caused by the state in order to gain an unfair advantage.

(d) The district court has original and exclusive jurisdiction over a proceeding:

(1) that involves an adult who is alleged to have committed an offense before the adult's 18th birthday; and

(2) in which a criminal complaint is filed before expiration of the time for filing under section 628.26 and after the adult's 21st birthday.

The juvenile court retains jurisdiction if the adult demonstrates that the delay in filing a criminal complaint was purposefully caused by the state in order to gain an unfair advantage.

(e) The juvenile court has jurisdiction over a person who has been adjudicated delinquent, has been found to have committed a delinquent act, or has been charged by juvenile petition until the person's 21st birthday if the person fails to appear at any juvenile court hearing or fails to appear at or absconds from any placement under a juvenile court order. The juvenile court has jurisdiction over a convicted extended jurisdiction juvenile who fails to appear at any juvenile court hearing or fails to appear at or absconds from any placement under section 260B.130, subdivision 4. The juvenile court lacks jurisdiction under this paragraph if the adult demonstrates that the delay was purposefully caused by the state in order to gain an unfair advantage.

260B.198 DISPOSITIONS; DELINQUENT CHILD.

Subdivision 1.Court order, findings, remedies, treatment.

(a) If the court finds that the child is delinquent, it shall enter an order making any of the following dispositions of the case which are deemed necessary to the rehabilitation of the child:

(1) counsel the child or the parents, guardian, or custodian;

(2) place the child under the supervision of a probation officer or other suitable person in the child's own home under conditions prescribed by the court including reasonable rules for the child's conduct and the conduct of the child's parents, guardian, or custodian, designed for the physical, mental, and moral well-being and behavior of the child, or with the consent of the commissioner of corrections, in a group foster care facility which is under the management and supervision of said commissioner;

(3) if the court determines that the child is a danger to self or others, subject to the supervision of the court, transfer legal custody of the child to one of the following:

(i) a child-placing agency;

(ii) the local social services agency;

(iii) a reputable individual of good moral character. No person may receive custody of two or more unrelated children unless licensed as a residential facility pursuant to sections 245A.01 to 245A.16;

(iv) a county home school, if the county maintains a home school or enters into an agreement with a county home school; or

(v) a county probation officer for placement in a group foster home established under the direction of the juvenile court and licensed pursuant to section 241.021;

(4) transfer legal custody by commitment to the commissioner of corrections;

(5) if the child is found to have violated a state or local law or ordinance which has resulted in damage to the person or property of another, the court may order the child to make reasonable restitution for such damage;

(6) require the child to pay a fine of up to $1,000. The court shall order payment of the fine in accordance with a time payment schedule which shall not impose an undue financial hardship on the child;

(7) if the child is in need of special treatment and care for reasons of physical or mental health, the court may order the child's parent, guardian, or custodian to provide it. If the parent, guardian, or custodian fails to provide this treatment or care, the court may order it provided;

(8) if the court believes that it is in the best interests of the child and of public safety that the driver's license of the child be canceled until the child's 18th birthday, the court may recommend to the commissioner of public safety the cancellation of the child's license for any period up to the child's 18th birthday, and the commissioner is hereby authorized to cancel such license without a hearing. At any time before the termination of the period of cancellation, the court may, for good cause, recommend to the commissioner of public safety that the child be authorized to apply for a new license, and the commissioner may so authorize;

(9) if the court believes that it is in the best interest of the child and of public safety that the child is enrolled in school, the court may require the child to remain enrolled in a public school until the child reaches the age of 18 or completes all requirements needed to graduate from high school. Any child enrolled in a public school under this clause is subject to the provisions of the Pupil Fair Dismissal Act in chapter 127;

(10) if the child is petitioned and found by the court to have committed a controlled substance offense under sections 152.021 to 152.027, the court shall determine whether the child unlawfully possessed or sold the controlled substance while driving a motor vehicle. If so, the court shall notify the commissioner of public safety of its determination and order the commissioner to revoke the child's driver's license for the applicable time period specified in section 152.0271. If the child does not have a driver's license or if the child's driver's license is suspended or revoked at the time of the delinquency finding, the commissioner shall, upon the child's application for driver's license issuance or reinstatement, delay the issuance or reinstatement of the child's driver's license for the applicable time period specified in section 152.0271. Upon receipt of the court's order, the commissioner is authorized to take the licensing action without a hearing;

(11) if the child is petitioned and found by the court to have committed or attempted to commit an act in violation of section 609.342; 609.343; 609.344; 609.345; 609.3451; 609.746, subdivision 1; 609.79; or 617.23, or another offense arising out of a delinquency petition based on one or more of those sections, the court shall order an independent professional assessment of the child's need for sex offender treatment. An assessor providing an assessment for the court must be experienced in the evaluation and treatment of juvenile sex offenders. If the assessment indicates that the child is in need of and amenable to sex offender treatment, the court shall include in its disposition order a requirement that the child undergo treatment. Notwithstanding section 13.384, 13.85, 144.291 to 144.298, or 260B.171, or chapter 260E, the assessor has access to the following private or confidential data on the child if access is relevant and necessary for the assessment:

(i) medical data under section 13.384;

(ii) corrections and detention data under section 13.85;

(iii) health records under sections 144.291 to 144.298;

(iv) juvenile court records under section 260B.171; and

(v) local welfare agency records under chapter 260E.

Data disclosed under this clause may be used only for purposes of the assessment and may not be further disclosed to any other person, except as authorized by law; or

(12) if the child is found delinquent due to the commission of an offense that would be a felony if committed by an adult, the court shall make a specific finding on the record regarding the juvenile's mental health and chemical dependency treatment needs.

(b) Any order for a disposition authorized under this section shall contain written findings of fact to support the disposition ordered and shall also set forth in writing the following information:

(1) why the best interests of the child are served by the disposition ordered; and

(2) what alternative dispositions were considered by the court and why such dispositions were not appropriate in the instant case. Clause (1) does not apply to a disposition under subdivision 1a.

Subd. 1a.Juvenile sex offenders; residency restriction.

If the court finds that the child is 15 years of age or older, is delinquent due to a violation of section 609.342, 609.343, 609.344, 609.345, 609.3451, subdivision 3, or 609.3453, and does not reside in the same home as the victim, in addition to other dispositions authorized under this section, the court may prohibit the child from residing within 1,000 feet or three city blocks, whichever distance is greater, from the victim for a portion or the entire period that the court has jurisdiction over the child.

Subd. 2.Possession of firearm or dangerous weapon.

If the child is petitioned and found delinquent by the court, and the court also finds that the child was in possession of a firearm at the time of the offense, in addition to any other disposition the court shall order that the firearm be immediately seized and shall order that the child be required to serve at least 100 hours of community work service unless the child is placed in a residential treatment program or a juvenile correctional facility. If the child is petitioned and found delinquent by the court, and the court finds that the child was in possession of a dangerous weapon in a school zone, as defined in section 152.01, subdivision 14a, clauses (1) and (3), at the time of the offense, the court also shall order that the child's driver's license be canceled or driving privileges denied until the child's 18th birthday. The court shall send a copy of its order to the commissioner of public safety and, upon receipt of the order, the commissioner is authorized to cancel the child's driver's license or deny the child's driving privileges without a hearing.

Subd. 3.Commitment to secure facility; length of stay; transfers.

An adjudicated juvenile may not be placed in a licensed juvenile secure treatment facility unless the placement is approved by the juvenile court. However, the program administrator may determine the juvenile's length of stay in the secure portion of the facility. The administrator shall notify the court of any movement of juveniles from secure portions of facilities. However, the court may, in its discretion, order that the juveniles be moved back to secure portions of the facility.

Subd. 4.Placement of juveniles in secure facilities; requirements.

Before a postadjudication placement of a juvenile in a secure treatment facility either inside or outside the state, the court may:

(1) consider whether the juvenile has been adjudicated for a felony offense against the person or that in addition to the current adjudication, the juvenile has failed to appear in court on one or more occasions or has run away from home on one or more occasions;

(2) conduct a subjective assessment to determine whether the child is a danger to self or others or would abscond from a nonsecure facility or if the child's health or welfare would be endangered if not placed in a secure facility;

(3) conduct a culturally appropriate psychological evaluation which includes a functional assessment of anger and abuse issues; and

(4) conduct an educational and physical assessment of the juvenile.

In determining whether to order secure placement, the court shall consider the necessity of:

(i) protecting the public;

(ii) protecting program residents and staff; and

(iii) preventing juveniles with histories of absconding from leaving treatment programs.

Subd. 5.Case plan.

(a) For each disposition ordered for an out-of-home placement potentially exceeding 30 days, the court shall order the appropriate agency to develop a case plan in consultation with the child's parent or parents, guardian or custodian, and other appropriate parties. At a minimum, the case plan must specify:

(1) the actions to be taken by the child and, if appropriate, the child's parent, guardian, or custodian to insure the child's safety, future lawful conduct, and compliance with the court's disposition order; and

(2) the services to be offered and provided by the agency to the child and, if appropriate, the child's parent, guardian, or custodian.

(b) The court shall review the case plan and, upon approving it, incorporate it into its disposition order. The court may review and modify the terms of the case plan as appropriate. A party has a right to request a court review of the reasonableness of the case plan upon a showing of a substantial change of circumstances.

Subd. 6.Expungement.

(a) The court may expunge all records relating to delinquency at any time if the court determines that expungement of the record would yield a benefit to the subject of the record that outweighs the detriment to the public and public safety in sealing the record and the burden on the court and public agencies or jurisdictions in issuing, enforcing, and monitoring the order.

(b) In making a determination under this subdivision, the court shall consider:

(1) the age, education, experience, and background, including mental and emotional development, of the subject of the record at the time of commission of the offense;

(2) the circumstances and nature and severity of the offense, including any aggravating or mitigating factors in the commission of the offense;

(3) victim and community impact, including age and vulnerability of the victim;

(4) the level of participation of the subject of the record in the planning and carrying out of the offense, including familial or peer influence in the commission of the offense;

(5) the juvenile delinquency and criminal history of the subject of the record;

(6) the programming history of the subject of the record, including child welfare, school and community-based, and probation interventions, and the subject's willingness to participate meaningfully in programming, probation, or both;

(7) any other aggravating or mitigating circumstance bearing on the culpability or potential for rehabilitation of the subject of the record; and

(8) the benefit that expungement would yield to the subject of the record in pursuing education, employment, housing, or other necessities.

(c) A record expunged under this subdivision prior to January 1, 2015, may not be opened or exchanged. A record expunged under this subdivision on or after January 1, 2015, is sealed and access only allowed pursuant to paragraph (d).

(d) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), a record that is expunged under this subdivision on or after January 1, 2015, may be opened, used, or exchanged between criminal justice agencies in the same manner as a criminal record under section 609A.03, subdivision 7a, paragraph (b).

(e) Section 609A.03, subdivision 3, paragraph (d), applies to the disclosure of private or confidential data in a proceeding under this subdivision. Section 609A.03, subdivision 9, applies to an appeal of an order under this subdivision.

Subd. 7.Continuance.

(a) When it is in the best interests of the child to do so and not inimical to public safety and when the child has admitted the allegations contained in the petition before the judge or referee, or when a hearing has been held as provided for in section 260B.163 and the allegations contained in the petition have been duly proven but, in either case, before a finding of delinquency has been entered, the court may continue the case for a period not to exceed 180 days on any one order. The continuance may be extended for one additional successive period not to exceed 180 days, but only with the consent of the prosecutor and only after the court has reviewed the case and entered its order for the additional continuance without a finding of delinquency. During a continuance the court may enter an order in accordance with the provisions of subdivision 1, except clause (4), or enter an order to hold the child in detention for a period not to exceed 15 days on any one order for the purpose of completing any consideration, or any investigation or examination ordered in accordance with the provisions of section 260B.157.

(b) A prosecutor may appeal a continuance ordered in contravention of this subdivision. This subdivision does not extend the court's jurisdiction under section 260B.193 and does not apply to an extended jurisdiction juvenile proceeding.

Subd. 8.Enforcement of restitution orders.

If the court orders payment of restitution and the child fails to pay the restitution in accordance with the payment schedule or structure established by the court or the probation officer, the child's probation officer may, on the officer's own motion or at the request of the victim, file a petition for violation of probation or ask the court to hold a hearing to determine whether the conditions of probation should be changed. The child's probation officer shall ask for the hearing if the restitution order has not been paid prior to 60 days before the term of probation expires. The court shall schedule and hold this hearing before the child's term of probation expires.

Subd. 9.Orders for supervision.

All orders for supervision under subdivision 1, clause (2), shall be for an indeterminate period, unless otherwise specified by the court, and shall be reviewed by the court at least annually. All orders under subdivision 1, clause (3), shall be for a specified length of time set by the court. However, before an order has expired and upon the court's own motion or that of any interested party, the court has continuing jurisdiction to renew the order or, after notice to the parties and a hearing, make some other disposition of the case, until the individual becomes 19 years of age. Any person to whom legal custody is transferred shall report to the court in writing at such periods as the court may direct.

Subd. 10.Transfer of legal custody orders.

When the court transfers legal custody of a child to any licensed child-placing agency, county home school, local social services agency, or the commissioner of corrections, it shall transmit with the order transferring legal custody a copy of its findings and a summary of its information concerning the child.

Subd. 11.Out-of-state placements.

(a) A court may not place a preadjudicated delinquent, an adjudicated delinquent, or a convicted extended jurisdiction juvenile in a residential or detention facility outside Minnesota unless the commissioner of corrections has certified that the facility:

(1) meets or exceeds the standards for Minnesota residential treatment programs set forth in rules adopted by the commissioner of human services or the standards for juvenile residential facilities set forth in rules adopted by the commissioner of corrections or the standards for juvenile detention facilities set forth in rules adopted by the commissioner of corrections, as provided under paragraph (b); and

(2) provides education, health, dental, and other necessary care equivalent to that which the child would receive if placed in a Minnesota facility licensed by the commissioner of corrections or commissioner of human services.

(b) The interagency licensing agreement between the commissioners of corrections and human services shall be used to determine which rule shall be used for certification purposes under this subdivision.

(c) The commissioner of corrections may charge each facility evaluated a reasonable amount. Money received is annually appropriated to the commissioner of corrections to defray the costs of the certification program.

Subd. 12.Placement in juvenile facility.

A person who has reached the age of 20 may not be kept in a residential facility licensed by the commissioner of corrections together with persons under the age of 20. The commissioner may adopt criteria for allowing exceptions to this prohibition.

Subd. 13.Electronic surveillance.

(a) If a court orders a juvenile adjudicated delinquent to serve any portion of the juvenile's disposition on electronic surveillance, the court may require that the juvenile be kept in custody, or that the juvenile's probation agent directly supervise the juvenile until electronic surveillance is activated.

(b) It is the responsibility of the parent or guardian of the juvenile placed on electronic surveillance to ensure that the juvenile's residence is properly equipped and the residence's telecommunications system is properly configured to support electronic surveillance prior to the juvenile being released from custody or the direct supervision of a probation agent.

260B.199 PLACEMENT OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS AT MINNESOTA CORRECTIONAL FACILITY-RED WING.

Subdivision 1.Admissions criteria.

The admissions criteria for the Minnesota Correctional Facility-Red Wing shall include a requirement that the county of referral must have considered all appropriate local or regional placements and have exhausted potential in-state placements in the geographic region. The court must state on the record that this effort was made and placements rejected before ordering a placement or commitment to the Minnesota Correctional Facility-Red Wing. Before a court orders a disposition under section 260B.198 or 260B.130, subdivision 4, for a child, the court shall determine whether the child meets the established admissions criteria for the Minnesota Correctional Facility-Red Wing. If the child meets the admissions criteria, the court shall place the child at the facility and may not place the child in an out-of-state facility, unless the court makes a finding on the record that the safety of the child or the safety of the community can be best met by placement in an out-of-state facility or that the out-of-state facility is located closer to the child's home.

260B.201 MANDATORY COMMITMENT TO COMMISSIONER OF CORRECTIONS.

Subdivision 1.Definitions.

(a) As used in this section, the following terms have the meanings given them.

(b) "Chemical dependency treatment" means a comprehensive set of planned and organized services, therapeutic experiences, and interventions that are intended to improve the prognosis, function, or outcome of patients by reducing the risk of the use of alcohol, drugs, or other mind-altering substances and assist the patient to adjust to, and deal more effectively with, life situations.

(c) An offender has "failed or refused to successfully complete" treatment when, based on factors within the offender's control, the offender is not able to substantially achieve the program's goals and the program's director determines that, based on the offender's prior placement or treatment history, further participation in the program would not result in its successful completion.

(d) "Probation" has the meaning given in section 609.02, subdivision 15.

(e) "Sex offender treatment" means a comprehensive set of planned and organized services, therapeutic experiences, and interventions that are intended to improve the prognosis, function, or outcome of patients by reducing the risk of sexual reoffense and other aggressive behavior and assist the patient to adjust to, and deal more effectively with, life situations.

Subd. 2.When commitment required.

(a) A court having jurisdiction over a child shall commit the child to the custody of the commissioner of corrections or place the child at the Minnesota Correctional Facility-Red Wing if the child:

(1) was previously adjudicated delinquent or convicted as an extended jurisdiction juvenile for an offense for which registration under section 243.166 was required;

(2) was placed on probation for the offense and ordered to complete a sex offender or chemical dependency treatment program; and

(3) subsequently failed or refused to successfully complete the program.

(b) If the child was initially convicted as an extended jurisdiction juvenile, the court may execute the child's adult sentence under section 260B.130, subdivision 4. Notwithstanding paragraph (c), if the court does not do this, it shall comply with paragraph (a).

(c) A court may place a child in an out-of-state facility if the court makes a finding on the record that the safety of the child or the safety of the community can be best met by placement in an out-of-state facility or that the out-of-state facility is located closer to the child's home.

260B.225 JUVENILE TRAFFIC OFFENDER; PROCEDURES; DISPOSITIONS.

Subdivision 1.Definitions.

(a) For purposes of this section, the following terms have the meanings given them.

(b) "Major traffic offense" includes any violation of a state or local traffic law, ordinance, or regulation, or a federal, state, or local water traffic law not included within the provisions of paragraph (c).

(c) "Adult court traffic offense" means:

(1) a petty misdemeanor violation of a state or local traffic law, ordinance, or regulation, or a petty misdemeanor violation of a federal, state, or local water traffic law; or

(2) a violation of section 169A.20 or any other misdemeanor- or gross misdemeanor-level traffic violation committed as part of the same behavioral incident as a violation of section 169A.20.

Subd. 2.Juvenile highway traffic offender.

A child who commits a major traffic offense shall be adjudicated a "juvenile highway traffic offender" or a "juvenile water traffic offender," as the case may be, and shall not be adjudicated delinquent, unless, as in the case of any other child alleged to be delinquent, a petition is filed in the manner provided in section 260B.141, summons issued, notice given, a hearing held, and the court finds as a further fact that the child is also delinquent within the meaning and purpose of the laws relating to juvenile courts.

Subd. 3.Adult traffic offense.

Except as provided in subdivision 4, a child who commits an adult court traffic offense and at the time of the offense was at least 16 years old shall be subject to the laws and court procedures controlling adult traffic violators and shall not be under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court. When a child is alleged to have committed an adult court traffic offense and is at least 16 years old at the time of the offense, the peace officer making the charge shall follow the arrest procedures prescribed in section 169.91 and shall make reasonable effort to notify the child's parent or guardian of the nature of the charge.

Subd. 4.Original jurisdiction; juvenile court.

The juvenile court has original jurisdiction over:

(1) all juveniles age 15 and under alleged to have committed any traffic offense; and

(2) 16- and 17-year-olds alleged to have committed any major traffic offense, except that the adult court has original jurisdiction over:

(i) petty traffic misdemeanors not a part of the same behavioral incident of a misdemeanor being handled in juvenile court; and

(ii) violations of section 169A.20 (driving while impaired), and any other misdemeanor or gross misdemeanor level traffic violations committed as part of the same behavioral incident as a violation of section 169A.20.

Subd. 5.Major traffic offense procedures.

When a child is alleged to have committed a major traffic offense, the peace officer making the charge shall file a signed copy of the notice to appear, as provided in section 169.91, with the juvenile court of the county in which the violation occurred, and the notice to appear has the effect of a petition and gives the juvenile court jurisdiction. Filing with the court a notice to appear containing the name and address of the child allegedly committing a major traffic offense and specifying the offense charged, the time and place of the alleged violation shall have the effect of a petition and give the juvenile court jurisdiction. Any reputable person having knowledge of a child who commits a major traffic offense may petition the juvenile court in the manner provided in section 260B.141. Whenever a notice to appear or petition is filed alleging that a child is a juvenile highway traffic offender or a juvenile water traffic offender, the court shall summon and notify the persons required to be summoned or notified as provided in sections 260B.151 and 260B.152. However, it is not necessary to (1) notify more than one parent, or (2) publish any notice, or (3) personally serve outside the state.

Subd. 6.Disposition.

Before making a disposition of any child found to be a juvenile major traffic offender or to have violated a misdemeanor- or gross misdemeanor-level traffic law, the court shall obtain from the department of public safety information of any previous traffic violation by this juvenile. In the case of a juvenile water traffic offender, the court shall obtain from the office where the information is now or hereafter may be kept information of any previous water traffic violation by the juvenile.

Subd. 7.Transfer of cases.

If after a hearing the court finds that the welfare of a juvenile major traffic offender or a juvenile water traffic offender or the public safety would be better served under the laws controlling adult traffic violators, the court may transfer the case to any court of competent jurisdiction presided over by a salaried judge if there is one in the county. The juvenile court transfers the case by forwarding to the appropriate court the documents in the court's file together with an order to transfer. The court to which the case is transferred shall proceed with the case as if the jurisdiction of the juvenile court had never attached.

Subd. 8.Adult court traffic offender.

(a) A juvenile who is charged with an adult court traffic offense in district court shall be treated as an adult before trial, except that the juvenile may be held in secure, pretrial custody only in a secure juvenile detention facility.

(b) A juvenile who is convicted of an adult court traffic offense in district court shall be treated as an adult for sentencing purposes, except that the court may order the juvenile placed out of the home only in a residential treatment facility or in a juvenile correctional facility.

(c) The disposition of an adult court traffic offender remains with the county in which the adjudication occurred.

Subd. 9.Juvenile major highway or water traffic offender.

If the juvenile court finds that the child is a juvenile major highway or water traffic offender, it may make any one or more of the following dispositions of the case:

(1) reprimand the child and counsel with the child and the parents;

(2) continue the case for a reasonable period under such conditions governing the child's use and operation of any motor vehicles or boat as the court may set;

(3) require the child to attend a driver improvement school if one is available within the county;

(4) recommend to the Department of Public Safety suspension of the child's driver's license as provided in section 171.16;

(5) if the child is found to have committed two moving highway traffic violations or to have contributed to a highway accident involving death, injury, or physical damage in excess of $100, the court may recommend to the commissioner of public safety or to the licensing authority of another state the cancellation of the child's license until the child reaches the age of 18 years, and the commissioner of public safety is hereby authorized to cancel the license without hearing. At any time before the termination of the period of cancellation, the court may, for good cause, recommend to the commissioner of public safety, or to the licensing authority of another state, that the child's license be returned, and the commissioner of public safety is authorized to return the license;

(6) place the child under the supervision of a probation officer in the child's own home under conditions prescribed by the court including reasonable rules relating to operation and use of motor vehicles or boats directed to the correction of the child's driving habits;

(7) if the child is found to have violated a state or local law or ordinance and the violation resulted in damage to the person or property of another, the court may order the child to make reasonable restitution for the damage;

(8) require the child to pay a fine of up to $1,000. The court shall order payment of the fine in accordance with a time payment schedule which shall not impose an undue financial hardship on the child;

(9) if the court finds that the child committed an offense described in section 169A.20, the court shall order that a chemical use assessment be conducted and a report submitted to the court in the manner prescribed in section 169A.70. If the assessment concludes that the child meets the level of care criteria for placement under rules adopted under section 254A.03, subdivision 3, the report must recommend a level of care for the child. The court may require that level of care in its disposition order. In addition, the court may require any child ordered to undergo an assessment to pay a chemical dependency assessment charge of $75. The court shall forward the assessment charge to the commissioner of management and budget to be credited to the general fund. The state shall reimburse counties for the total cost of the assessment in the manner provided in section 169A.284.

Subd. 10.Records.

The juvenile court records of juvenile highway traffic offenders and juvenile water traffic offenders shall be kept separate from delinquency matters.

260B.235 PETTY OFFENDERS; PROCEDURES; DISPOSITIONS.

Subdivision 1.Adjudication.

A petty offender who has committed a juvenile alcohol or controlled substance offense shall be adjudicated a "petty offender," and shall not be adjudicated delinquent, unless, as in the case of any other child alleged to be delinquent, a petition is filed in the manner provided in section 260B.141, summons issued, notice given, a hearing held, and the court finds as a further fact that the child is also delinquent within the meaning and purpose of the laws related to juvenile courts.

Subd. 2.Procedure.

When a peace officer has probable cause to believe that a child is a petty offender, the officer may issue a notice to the child to appear in juvenile court in the county in which the alleged violation occurred. The officer shall file a copy of the notice to appear with the juvenile court of the county in which the alleged violation occurred. Filing with the court a notice to appear containing the name and address of the child who is alleged to be a petty offender, specifying the offense charged, and the time and place of the alleged violation has the effect of a petition giving the juvenile court jurisdiction. Any reputable person having knowledge that a child is a petty offender may petition the juvenile court in the manner provided in section 260B.141. Whenever a notice to appear or petition is filed alleging that a child is a petty offender, the court shall summon and notify the person or persons having custody or control of the child of the nature of the offense charged and the time and place of hearing. This summons and notice shall be served in the time and manner provided in section 260B.151, subdivision 1. If a child fails to appear in response to the notice provided by this subdivision, the court may issue a summons notifying the child of the nature of the offense alleged and the time and place set for the hearing. If the peace officer finds it necessary to take the child into custody, sections 260B.175 and 260B.176 shall apply.

Subd. 3.No right to counsel at public expense.

Except as otherwise provided in section 260B.163, subdivision 4, a child alleged to be a juvenile petty offender may be represented by counsel but does not have a right to appointment of a public defender or other counsel at public expense.

Subd. 4.Dispositions.

If the juvenile court finds that a child is a petty offender, the court may:

(1) require the child to pay a fine of up to $100;

(2) require the child to participate in a community service project;

(3) require the child to participate in a drug awareness program;

(4) order the child to undergo a chemical dependency evaluation and if warranted by this evaluation, order participation by the child in an outpatient chemical dependency treatment program;

(5) place the child on probation for up to six months or, in the case of a juvenile alcohol or controlled substance offense, following a determination by the court that the juvenile is chemically dependent, the court may place the child on probation for a time determined by the court;

(6) order the child to make restitution to the victim; or

(7) perform any other activities or participate in any other outpatient treatment programs deemed appropriate by the court.

In all cases where the juvenile court finds that a child has purchased or attempted to purchase an alcoholic beverage in violation of section 340A.503, if the child has a driver's license or permit to drive, and if the child used a driver's license, permit, Minnesota identification card, or any type of false identification to purchase or attempt to purchase the alcoholic beverage, the court shall forward its finding in the case and the child's driver's license or permit to the commissioner of public safety. Upon receipt, the commissioner shall suspend the child's license or permit for a period of 90 days.

In all cases where the juvenile court finds that a child has purchased or attempted to purchase tobacco in violation of section 609.685, subdivision 3, if the child has a driver's license or permit to drive, and if the child used a driver's license, permit, Minnesota identification card, or any type of false identification to purchase or attempt to purchase tobacco, the court shall forward its finding in the case and the child's driver's license or permit to the commissioner of public safety. Upon receipt, the commissioner shall suspend the child's license or permit for a period of 90 days.

None of the dispositional alternatives described in clauses (1) to (6) shall be imposed by the court in a manner which would cause an undue hardship upon the child.

Subd. 5.Enhanced dispositions.

(a) If the juvenile court finds that a child has committed a second or subsequent juvenile alcohol or controlled substance offense, the court may impose any of the dispositional alternatives described in paragraphs (b) to (d). If the juvenile court finds that a child has committed a second or subsequent juvenile tobacco offense, the court may impose any of the dispositional alternatives described in paragraphs (b) to (d).

(b) The court may impose any of the dispositional alternatives described in subdivision 4, clauses (1) to (6).

(c) If the adjudicated petty offender has a driver's license or permit, the court may forward the license or permit to the commissioner of public safety. The commissioner shall revoke the petty offender's driver's license or permit until the offender reaches the age of 18 years or for a period of one year, whichever is longer.

(d) If the adjudicated petty offender has a driver's license or permit, the court may suspend the driver's license or permit for a period of up to 90 days but may allow the offender driving privileges as necessary to travel to and from work.

(e) If the adjudicated petty offender does not have a driver's license or permit, the court may prepare an order of denial of driving privileges. The order must provide that the petty offender will not be granted driving privileges until the offender reaches the age of 18 years or for a period of one year, whichever is longer. The court shall forward the order to the commissioner of public safety. The commissioner shall deny the offender's eligibility for a driver's license under section 171.04, for the period stated in the court order.

Subd. 6.Alternative disposition.

In addition to dispositional alternatives authorized by subdivision 4, in the case of a third or subsequent finding by the court pursuant to an admission in court or after trial that a child has committed a juvenile alcohol or controlled substance offense, the juvenile court shall order a chemical dependency evaluation of the child and if warranted by the evaluation, the court may order participation by the child in an inpatient or outpatient chemical dependency treatment program, or any other treatment deemed appropriate by the court. In the case of a third or subsequent finding that a child has committed any juvenile petty offense, the court shall order a children's mental health screening be conducted as provided in section 260B.157, subdivision 1, and if indicated by the screening, to undergo a diagnostic assessment, including a functional assessment, as defined in section 245.4871.

Subd. 7.Findings required.

Any order for disposition authorized by this section shall contain written findings of fact to support the disposition ordered and shall also set forth in writing the following information:

(1) why the best interests of the child are served by the disposition ordered; and

(2) what alternative dispositions were considered by the court and why they were not appropriate in the instant case.

Subd. 8.Report.

The juvenile court shall report to the office of state court administrator each disposition made under this section and section 260B.198 where placement is made outside of this state's jurisdictional boundaries. Each report shall contain information as to date of placement, length of anticipated placement, program costs, reasons for out of state placement, and any other information as the office requires to determine the number of out of state placements, the reasons for these placements, and the costs involved. The report shall not contain the name of the child. Any information contained in the reports relating to factors identifying a particular child is confidential and may be disclosed only by order of the juvenile court. Any person violating this subdivision as to release of this confidential information is guilty of a misdemeanor.

Subd. 9.Expungement.

The court may expunge the adjudication of a child as a petty offender at any time it deems advisable.

260B.240 COUNTY RESPONSIBILITY FOR TRANSITIONAL SERVICES PLANS.

When a child is subject to a court dispositional order resulting in an out-of-home placement potentially exceeding 30 days in a residential program under this chapter, the county in which the court is located is responsible for monitoring the implementation of a transitional service plan upon the child's discharge from the program. The county's responsibility under this section extends to juveniles committed to the commissioner of corrections who have completed the 90-day residential after-care component of the program. The county's responsibility includes monitoring and coordinating after-care services to the child.

260B.241 [Repealed, 2008 c 361 art 6 s 59]

260B.245 EFFECT OF JUVENILE COURT PROCEEDINGS.

Subdivision 1.Effect.

(a) No adjudication upon the status of any child in the jurisdiction of the juvenile court shall operate to impose any of the civil disabilities imposed by conviction, nor shall any child be deemed a criminal by reason of this adjudication, nor shall this adjudication be deemed a conviction of crime, except as otherwise provided in this section or section 260B.255. An extended jurisdiction juvenile conviction shall be treated in the same manner as an adult felony criminal conviction for purposes of the Sentencing Guidelines. The disposition of the child or any evidence given by the child in the juvenile court shall not be admissible as evidence against the child in any case or proceeding in any other court, except that an adjudication may later be used to determine a proper sentence, nor shall the disposition or evidence disqualify the child in any future civil service examination, appointment, or application.

(b) A person who was adjudicated delinquent for, or convicted as an extended jurisdiction juvenile of, a crime of violence as defined in section 624.712, subdivision 5, is not entitled to ship, transport, possess, or receive a firearm for the remainder of the person's lifetime. A person who has received a relief of disability under United States Code, title 18, section 925, or whose ability to possess firearms has been restored under section 609.165, subdivision 1d, is not subject to the restrictions of this subdivision.

Subd. 2.Construction.

Nothing contained in this section shall be construed to relate to subsequent proceedings in juvenile court, nor shall preclude the juvenile court, under circumstances other than those specifically prohibited in subdivision 1, from disclosing information to qualified persons if the court considers such disclosure to be in the best interests of the child or of the administration of justice.

260B.255 JUVENILE COURT DISPOSITION BARS CRIMINAL PROCEEDING.

Subdivision 1.Certain violations not crimes.

A violation of a state or local law or ordinance by a child before becoming 18 years of age is not a crime unless the juvenile court:

(1) certifies the matter in accordance with the provisions of section 260B.125;

(2) transfers the matter to a court in accordance with the provisions of section 260B.225; or

(3) convicts the child as an extended jurisdiction juvenile and subsequently executes the adult sentence under section 260B.130, subdivision 5.

Subd. 2.Penalty.

Except for matters referred to the prosecuting authority under the provisions of this section or to a court in accordance with the provisions of section 260B.225, any peace officer knowingly bringing charges against a child in a court other than a juvenile court for violating a state or local law or ordinance is guilty of a misdemeanor. This subdivision does not apply to complaints brought for the purposes of extradition.

History:

1999 c 139 art 2 s 34; art 4 s 2

COSTS AND EXPENSES

260B.331 COSTS OF CARE.

Subdivision 1.Care, examination, or treatment.

(a)(1) Whenever legal custody of a child is transferred by the court to a local social services agency, or

(2) whenever legal custody is transferred to a person other than the local social services agency, but under the supervision of the local social services agency, and

(3) whenever a child is given physical or mental examinations or treatment under order of the court, and no provision is otherwise made by law for payment for the care, examination, or treatment of the child, these costs are a charge upon the welfare funds of the county in which proceedings are held upon certification of the judge of juvenile court.

(b) The court shall order, and the local social services agency shall require, the parents or custodian of a child, while the child is under the age of 18, to use the total income and resources attributable to the child for the period of care, examination, or treatment, except for clothing and personal needs allowance as provided in section 256B.35, to reimburse the county for the cost of care, examination, or treatment. Income and resources attributable to the child include, but are not limited to, Social Security benefits, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), veterans benefits, railroad retirement benefits and child support. When the child is over the age of 18, and continues to receive care, examination, or treatment, the court shall order, and the local social services agency shall require, reimbursement from the child for the cost of care, examination, or treatment from the income and resources attributable to the child less the clothing and personal needs allowance.

(c) If the income and resources attributable to the child are not enough to reimburse the county for the full cost of the care, examination, or treatment, the court shall inquire into the ability of the parents to support the child and, after giving the parents a reasonable opportunity to be heard, the court shall order, and the local social services agency shall require, the parents to contribute to the cost of care, examination, or treatment of the child. Except in delinquency cases where the victim is a member of the child's immediate family, when determining the amount to be contributed by the parents, the court shall use a fee schedule based upon ability to pay that is established by the local social services agency and approved by the commissioner of human services. In delinquency cases where the victim is a member of the child's immediate family, the court shall use the fee schedule but may also take into account the seriousness of the offense and any expenses which the parents have incurred as a result of the offense. The income of a stepparent who has not adopted a child shall be excluded in calculating the parental contribution under this section.

(d) The court shall order the amount of reimbursement attributable to the parents or custodian, or attributable to the child, or attributable to both sources, withheld under chapter 518A from the income of the parents or the custodian of the child. A parent or custodian who fails to pay without good reason may be proceeded against for contempt, or the court may inform the county attorney, who shall proceed to collect the unpaid sums, or both procedures may be used.

(e) If the court orders a physical or mental examination for a child, the examination is a medically necessary service for purposes of determining whether the service is covered by a health insurance policy, health maintenance contract, or other health coverage plan. Court-ordered treatment shall be subject to policy, contract, or plan requirements for medical necessity. Nothing in this paragraph changes or eliminates benefit limits, conditions of coverage, co-payments or deductibles, provider restrictions, or other requirements in the policy, contract, or plan that relate to coverage of other medically necessary services.

Subd. 2.Cost of group foster care.

Whenever a child is placed in a group foster care facility as provided in section 260B.198, subdivision 1, paragraph (a), clause (2) or (3), item (v), the cost of providing the care shall, upon certification by the juvenile court, be paid from the welfare fund of the county in which the proceedings were held. To reimburse the counties for the costs of providing group foster care for delinquent children and to promote the establishment of suitable group foster homes, the state shall quarterly, from funds appropriated for that purpose, reimburse counties 50 percent of the costs not paid by federal and other available state aids and grants. Reimbursement shall be prorated if the appropriation is insufficient.

The commissioner of corrections shall establish procedures for reimbursement and certify to the commissioner of management and budget each county entitled to receive state aid under the provisions of this subdivision. Upon receipt of a certificate the commissioner of management and budget shall issue a state payment to the county treasurer for the amount due, together with a copy of the certificate prepared by the commissioner of corrections.

Subd. 3.Court expenses.

The following expenses are a charge upon the county in which proceedings are held upon certification of the judge of juvenile court or upon such other authorization provided by law:

(1) the fees and mileage of witnesses, and the expenses and mileage of officers serving notices and subpoenas ordered by the court, as prescribed by law;

(2) the expense of transporting a child to a place designated by a child-placing agency for the care of the child if the court transfers legal custody to a child-placing agency;

(3) the expense of transporting a minor to a place designated by the court;

(4) reasonable compensation for an attorney appointed by the court to serve as counsel, except in the Eighth Judicial District where the state courts shall pay for counsel to a guardian ad litem until the recommendations of the task force created in Laws 1999, chapter 216, article 7, section 42, are implemented.

The state courts shall pay for guardian ad litem expenses.

Subd. 4.Legal settlement.

The county charged with the costs and expenses under subdivisions 1 and 2 may recover these costs and expenses from the county where the minor has legal settlement for general assistance purposes by filing verified claims which shall be payable as are other claims against the county. A detailed statement of the facts upon which the claim is based shall accompany the claim. If a dispute relating to general assistance settlement arises, the local social services agency of the county denying legal settlement shall send a detailed statement of the facts upon which the claim is denied together with a copy of the detailed statement of the facts upon which the claim is based to the commissioner of human services. The commissioner shall immediately investigate and determine the question of general assistance settlement and shall certify findings to the local social services agency of each county. The decision of the commissioner is final and shall be complied with unless, within 30 days thereafter, action is taken in district court as provided in section 256.045.

Subd. 5.Attorney fees.

(a) In proceedings in which the court has appointed counsel pursuant to section 260B.163, subdivision 4, for a minor unable to employ counsel, the court shall inquire into the ability of the parents to pay for such counsel's services and, after giving the parents a reasonable opportunity to be heard, may order the parents to pay attorney fees.

(b) The court may order a parent under paragraph (a) to reimburse the state for the cost of the child's appointed counsel. In determining the amount of reimbursement, the court shall consider the parent's income, assets, and employment. If reimbursement is required under this subdivision, the court shall order the reimbursement when counsel is first appointed or as soon as possible after the court determines that reimbursement is required. The court may accept partial reimbursement from a parent if the parent's financial circumstances warrant establishing a reduced reimbursement schedule. If the parent does not agree to make payments, the court may order the parent's employer to withhold a percentage of the parent's income to be turned over to the court.

Subd. 6.Guardian ad litem fees.

(a) In proceedings in which the court appoints a guardian ad litem pursuant to section 260B.163, subdivision 6, paragraph (a), the court may inquire into the ability of the parents to pay for the guardian ad litem's services and, after giving the parents a reasonable opportunity to be heard, may order the parents to pay guardian ad litem fees.

(b) In each fiscal year, the commissioner of management and budget shall deposit guardian ad litem reimbursements in the special revenue fund and credit them to a separate account with the State Guardian Ad Litem Board. The balance of this account is appropriated to the State Guardian Ad Litem Board and does not cancel but is available until expended. Revenue from this account must be spent in the judicial district in which the reimbursement is collected.

CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENCY

260B.335 CIVIL JURISDICTION OVER PERSONS CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENCY OR STATUS AS A JUVENILE PETTY OFFENDER.

Subdivision 1.Jurisdiction.

The juvenile court has civil jurisdiction over persons contributing to the delinquency or status as a juvenile petty offender under the provisions of this section.

Subd. 2.Petition; order to show cause.

A request for jurisdiction over a person described in subdivision 1 shall be initiated by the filing of a verified petition by the county attorney having jurisdiction over the place where the child is found, resides, or where the alleged act of contributing occurred. A prior or pending petition alleging that the child is delinquent or a juvenile petty offender is not a prerequisite to a petition under this section. The petition shall allege the factual basis for the claim that the person is contributing to the child's delinquency or status as a juvenile petty offender. If the court determines, upon review of the verified petition, that probable cause exists to believe that the person has contributed to the child's delinquency or status as a juvenile petty offender, the court shall issue an order to show cause why the person should not be subject to the jurisdiction of the court. The order to show cause and a copy of the verified petition shall be served personally upon the person and shall set forth the time and place of the hearing to be conducted under subdivision 3.

Subd. 3.Hearing.

(a) The court shall conduct a hearing on the petition in accordance with the procedures contained in paragraph (b).

(b) Hearings under this subdivision shall be without a jury. The rules of evidence promulgated pursuant to section 480.0591 shall apply. In all proceedings under this section, the court shall admit only evidence that would be admissible in a civil trial. When the respondent is an adult, hearings under this subdivision shall be open to the public. Hearings shall be conducted within five days of personal service of the order to show cause and may be continued for a reasonable period of time if a continuance is in the best interest of the child or in the interests of justice.

(c) At the conclusion of the hearing, if the court finds by a fair preponderance of the evidence that the person has contributed to the child's delinquency or status as a juvenile petty offender as defined in section 260B.425, the court may make any of the following orders:

(1) restrain the person from any further act or omission in violation of section 260B.425;

(2) prohibit the person from associating or communicating in any manner with the child;

(3) require the person to participate in evaluation or services determined necessary by the court to correct the conditions that contributed to the child's delinquency or status as a juvenile petty offender;

(4) require the person to provide supervision, treatment, or other necessary care;

(5) require the person to pay restitution to a victim for pecuniary damages arising from an act of the child relating to the child's delinquency or status as a juvenile petty offender;

(6) require the person to pay the cost of services provided to the child or for the child's protection; or

(7) require the person to provide for the child's maintenance or care if the person is responsible for the maintenance or care, and direct when, how, and where money for the maintenance or care shall be paid. If the person is receiving public assistance for the child's maintenance or care, the court shall authorize the public agency responsible for administering the public assistance funds to make payments directly to vendors for the cost of food, shelter, medical care, utilities, and other necessary expenses.

(d) An order issued under this section shall be for a fixed period of time, not to exceed one year. The order may be renewed or modified prior to expiration upon notice and motion when there has not been compliance with the court's order or the order continues to be necessary to eliminate the contributing behavior or to mitigate its effect on the child.

Subd. 4.Criminal proceedings.

The county attorney may bring both a criminal proceeding under section 260B.425 and a civil action under this section.

REHEARING AND APPEAL

260B.411 NEW EVIDENCE.

A child whose status has been adjudicated by a juvenile court, or the child's parent, guardian, custodian or spouse may, at any time within 15 days of the filing of the court's order, petition the court for a rehearing on the grounds that new evidence has been discovered affecting the advisability of the court's original adjudication or disposition. Upon a showing that such evidence does exist, the court shall order that a new hearing be held within 30 days, unless the court extends this time period for good cause shown within the 30-day period, and shall make such disposition of the case as the facts and the best interests of the child warrant.

260B.415 APPEAL.

Subdivision 1.Persons entitled to appeal; procedure.

(a) An appeal may be taken by the aggrieved person from a final order of the juvenile court affecting a substantial right of the aggrieved person, including, but not limited to, an order adjudging a child to be delinquent or a juvenile traffic offender. The appeal shall be taken within 30 days of the filing of the appealable order. The court administrator shall notify the person having legal custody of the minor of the appeal. Failure to notify the person having legal custody of the minor shall not affect the jurisdiction of the appellate court. The order of the juvenile court shall stand, pending the determination of the appeal, but the reviewing court may in its discretion and upon application stay the order.

(b) An appeal may be taken by an aggrieved person from an order of the juvenile court on the issue of certification of a matter for prosecution under the laws and court procedures controlling adult criminal violations. Certification appeals shall be expedited as provided by applicable rules.

Subd. 2.Appeal.

The appeal from a juvenile court is taken to the court of appeals as in civil cases, except as provided in subdivision 1.

CONTEMPT

260B.421 CONTEMPT.

Any person knowingly interfering with an order of the juvenile court is in contempt of court. However, a child who is under the continuing jurisdiction of the court for reasons other than having committed a delinquent act or a juvenile petty offense may not be adjudicated as a delinquent solely on the basis of having knowingly interfered with or disobeyed an order of the court.

CONTRIBUTING TO DELINQUENCY

260B.425 CRIMINAL JURISDICTION FOR CONTRIBUTING TO STATUS AS A JUVENILE PETTY OFFENDER OR DELINQUENCY.

Subdivision 1.Crimes.

(a) Any person who by act, word, or omission encourages, causes, or contributes to delinquency of a child or to a child's status as a juvenile petty offender, is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.

(b) This section does not apply to licensed social services agencies and outreach workers who, while acting within the scope of their professional duties, provide services to runaway children.

Subd. 2.Complaint; venue.

A complaint under this section may be filed by the county attorney having jurisdiction where the child is found, resides, or where the alleged act of contributing occurred. The complaint may be filed in either the juvenile or criminal divisions of the district court. A prior or pending petition alleging that the child is delinquent, a juvenile petty offender, or in need of protection or services is not a prerequisite to a complaint or a conviction under this section.

Subd. 3.Affirmative defense.

If the child is alleged to be delinquent or a juvenile petty offender, it is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under subdivision 1 if the defendant proves, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the defendant took reasonable steps to control the child's conduct.

COST REIMBURSEMENT

260B.441 COST, PAYMENT.

In addition to the usual care and services given by public and private agencies, the necessary cost incurred by the commissioner of human services in providing care for such child shall be paid by the county committing such child which, subject to uniform rules established by the commissioner of human services, may receive a reimbursement not exceeding one-half of such costs from funds made available for this purpose by the legislature during the period beginning July 1, 1985, and ending December 31, 1985. Beginning January 1, 1986, the necessary cost incurred by the commissioner of human services in providing care for the child must be paid by the county committing the child. Where such child is eligible to receive a grant of Minnesota family investment program or Supplemental Security Income for the aged, blind, and disabled, or a foster care maintenance payment under title IV-E of the Social Security Act, United States Code, title 42, sections 670 to 676, the child's needs shall be met through these programs.

260B.446 DISTRIBUTION OF FUNDS RECOVERED FOR ASSISTANCE FURNISHED.

When any amount shall be recovered from any source for assistance furnished under the provisions of sections 260B.001 to 260B.446, there shall be paid into the treasury of the state or county in the proportion in which they have respectively contributed toward the total assistance paid.

Official Publication of the State of Minnesota
Revisor of Statutes