Office of the Revisor of Statutes
2025 Minnesota Statutes Index (topics)
DIGITAL SIGNATURES
See also COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS; ELECTRONIC DATA TRANSMISSION; ELECTRONIC TRANSACTIONS
Acknowledgments
Digital signatures used as, liability, limitation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.23
Notaries public, Minn. Statutes 2025 358.52
Agents
Agent for service of process, licenses, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Certificates and certification, warranties, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Indemnification, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Approvals, Administration Department, Minn. Statutes 2025 16B.05
Attorney fees, recovery, collection based on suitable guaranty, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.18
Audits and examinations, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.06
Certificates
Acceptance, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.12
Acknowledgment of digital signatures, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.23
Archives, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.25
Databases, contents, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.25
Emergency suspension period, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Expiration, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.16
Issuance, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.03, 325K.09 to 325K.11, 325K.15
Presumptions, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.24
Publication, accepted issued certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Recommended reliance limits, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.17
Reliability, disclosure, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.09
Revocation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.03, 325K.09, 325K.10, 325K.15
Rulemaking, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03
Secretary of state, duties, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03, 325K.10, 325K.14
Suspension, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.03, 325K.09, 325K.10, 325K.14
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Unreliable certificates, revocation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.15
Certification authorities
Business methods, unreasonable risk of loss, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.08
Certifying to, subscribers, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Disclaimers, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10, 325K.11
Expiration of certificates, effect, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.16
Government entities acting as, suitable guaranty, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Liability, limitation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.23
Licensed certification authorities, see same under this topic
Licenses, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.05, 325K.07
Notice given, certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Private keys held on subscribers' behalf, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.13
Qualifications, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Secretary of state, duties as, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption from law, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Warranties to subscribers, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.11
Certification authority disclosure records
Databases, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03, 325K.25
Publication in, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.06
Rulemaking, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03
Secretary of state, duties, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03
Certification practice statements
Adoption and amendment by secretary of state, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03
Application of other standards, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Material statements, disclosure, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.09
Rulemaking, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03
Terms and conditions, acceptance, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.09
Certified copies, judgments, qualified right to payment, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.18
Charitable organizations, funds and accounts, Minn. Statutes 2025 309.77
Children, Youth, and Families licensees, Minn. Statutes 2025 142B.03
City officers and employees, electronic approvals, Minn. Statutes 2025 471.381
Commerce Department, acceptance by, Minn. Statutes 2025 46.04
Conflict of laws
Commercial Code, Minn. Statutes 2025 336.1-108
Documents of title, Minn. Statutes 2025 336.7-103
Limited partnerships, Minn. Statutes 2025 321.1203
Contested cases
Certificates, suspension or revocation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Certification authorities, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05, 325K.07, 325K.08
Exemption, suspension or revocation of certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14
Recognized repositories, discontinuance of recognition, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.25
Contracts and agreements
Application of other standards, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Indemnification terms, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Suspension of certificates, limitation or preclusion, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Validity, enforceability, and effectiveness, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05, 325K.21
County officers and employees, electronic approvals, Minn. Statutes 2025 471.381
County recorder's official signature, electronic generation of, Minn. Statutes 2025 386.459
Court rules, adoption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.27
Databases, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03, 325K.25
Definitions, Minn. Statutes 2025 223.16, 232.21, 325K.01
Digital signature account, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.04
Disclaimers
Certificates, issuance conditions, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Warranties, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.11, 325K.12
Disclosure, licensed certification authorities, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.09
Electronic Authentication Act, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.001 to 325K.27
Electronic signatures
Definitions, Minn. Statutes 2025 223.16, 232.21
Grain warehouse receipts, Minn. Statutes 2025 232.21, 232.23
Trusts, Minn. Statutes 2025 501C.1302
Voidable Transactions Act, application of law, Minn. Statutes 2025 513.495
Encryption, defined, Minn. Statutes 2025 609.87
Exemptions, unlicensed certification authorities, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Fees
Depositing, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.04
Filing fees, licenses, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Publication, notice of 96-hour suspension, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14
Service fees, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.04
Fines, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.07
Forge a digital signature
Assumption of risk, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.20
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Funds and accounts, digital signature account, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.04
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01 to 325K.26
Government entities acting as certification authorities
Certificates, see same under this topic
Licenses, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.05, 325K.07
Suitable guaranty, exception, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Human services licensees, Minn. Statutes 2025 245A.041
Indemnification, acceptance of certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Injunctions
Certification authorities, business methods violations, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.08
Secretary of state, duties, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.07, 325K.08
Investigations, secretary of state, duties, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.07
Lawsuits, presumptions, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.24
Liability
Allocation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.24
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Licensed certification authorities
Application of other standards, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Certificates, actions, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10, 325K.14, 325K.15
Confirmation of subscribers' identity, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.15
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.09
Issuance of certificates, see Certificates under this topic
Notice given, certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14, 325K.15
Recognition of repositories, conditions, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.25
Rulemaking, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03
Licenses
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Summary suspension or revocation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05, 325K.07
Messages
Obligation to respond to electronic message containing digital signature, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.20
Unique originals, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.22
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Validity, enforceability, and effectiveness, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.21, 325K.22
Written documents, digitally signed documents deemed same as, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.21
Misrepresentation, certificates, requests for 96-hour suspension, violations, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14
Notarization and acknowledgment
Acknowledgments, Minn. Statutes 2025 358.52
Remote online notarial acts, Minn. Statutes 2025 358.645
Tamper-evident technologies, Minn. Statutes 2025 358.69
Oaths and affirmations
Audit exemption requirements, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.06
Certificates, requests for 96-hour suspension, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14
Subscribers, accuracy of relevant information, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Office in Minnesota, certification authorities, licenses, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Operative personnel, employment, certification authorities, licenses, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Orders
Business methods violations, prevention or restraint, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.08
Certificates, suspension or revocation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10, 325K.14
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.07
Licenses, summary suspension or revocation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05, 325K.07
Performance audits, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.06
Perjury, actions subject to penalties, subscribers, accuracy of relevant information, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Presumptions
Certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.24
Digital signature verification, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.24
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Private keys
Certificates, issuance conditions, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Certification authorities, holding on subscribers' behalf, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.13
Creation, trustworthy system, use, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.09
Hold a private key, defined, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01
Rightfully hold a private key, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.12
Security compromised, 96-hour suspension, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14
Subscribers, duties, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.13 to 325K.15
Public keys, certificates, issuance conditions, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Purpose of law, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.02
Qualified right to payment, recovery, collection based on suitable guaranty, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.18
Recipients, generally, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.20
Recognized repositories
Publication in, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03, 325K.10, 325K.14, 325K.15, 325K.25
Recognition, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.25
Secretary of state, duties, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.25
Recommended reliance limits, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.17
Records and record keeping
Certification authority disclosure records, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.03, 325K.06, 325K.25
Databases, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03, 325K.25
Rulemaking about, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03
Registered agents, certification authorities, licenses, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Repositories
Publication in, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10, 325K.14, 325K.15, 325K.25
Recognized repositories, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Rulemaking, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.03
Secretary of state, rulemaking authority, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.26
Securities, generally, Minn. Statutes 2025 80A.44
Security plans, application of other standards, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Signature requirements
Satisfaction, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.19
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Standards, other, more rigorous standards, application, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Statutes of limitations, recovery, qualified right to payment, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.18
Subscribers
Acceptance of certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Agent warranties, acceptance of certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Certificates and certification, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Certification authorities, licenses, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Confirmation of identity, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14
Death or dissolution, revocation of certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.15
Expiration of certificates, effect, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.16
Indemnification, acceptance of certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.12
Issuance of certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.11, 325K.12
Notice received, certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Private keys, control, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.13, 325K.15
Prospective subscribers, certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
Requests by, certificates, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14, 325K.15
Trustworthy systems, use, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.09
Warranties, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.11, 325K.12
Suitable guaranty
Filing with secretary of state, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Form and terms, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.18
Rulemaking, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.03
Satisfaction of payment or claims, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01
Town officers and employees, electronic approvals, Minn. Statutes 2025 471.381
Trustworthy systems
Recognition of repositories, conditions, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.25
Right to use, certification authorities, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Uses, generally, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.09
Who may use, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.09
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption from law, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Unreliable certificates, revocation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.15
Unreliable digital signatures
Recipients, assumption of risk, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.20
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Validity, state documents, Minn. Statutes 2025 16B.05
Verify a digital signature, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.01, 325K.24
Violations and penalties
Business methods violations, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.08
Certificates, requests for 96-hour suspension, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.14
Fines, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.07
Licenses, summary suspension or revocation, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05, 325K.07
Violations exceeding one day, each day considered separate incident, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.07
Waivers
Certificate issuance conditions, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.10
In-person registration, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Warranties
Generally, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.11, 325K.12
Revocation of certificate, discharge of, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.15
Working capital, certification authorities, licenses, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05
Writing
Certificates, revocation requests, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.15
Digitally signed document deemed same as, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.21
Unlicensed certification authorities, exemption, Minn. Statutes 2025 325K.05