Key: (1) language to be deleted (2) new language
Laws of Minnesota 1984
CHAPTER 549-S.F.No. 1520
An act relating to motor vehicles; defining terms;
increasing certain gross vehicle weight tax to comply
with international registration plan; authorizing
repair and servicing permit for commercial zone trucks;
providing time limitation for applying for quarterly
registration of farm trucks; increasing certain fees;
clarifying display and use of drive-away, in-transit
plates; clarifying requirement to submit forms to
registrar of motor vehicles; prohibiting transfer of
certain plates; providing for transfer of amateur
radio and citizen band plates; prescribing uniform fee
for issuance of duplicate plates except for exempt
vehicles; increasing minimum tax requirements for
qualification for installment payments and prescribing
a fee; increasing penalty fees for late installment
payments; clarifying certain duties of deputy
registrars relating to reports and deposits of taxes
and fees; requiring payment of one month's
registration tax before issuance of certificate of
title; authorizing certain replacement bumpers;
requiring protective headgear to comply with standards
established by the commissioner of public safety;
amending Minnesota Statutes 1982, sections 168.011,
subdivisions 9 and 13; 168.013, subdivision 16;
168.018; 168.041, subdivision 6; 168.053, subdivision
1; 168.09, subdivisions 2 and 3; 168.10, subdivisions
1, 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d; 168.101, subdivision 2; 168.12,
subdivisions 1 and 2b; 168.27, subdivisions 2, 3, and
10; 168.29; 168.31, subdivisions 1 and 4; 168.33,
subdivision 2; 168A.08; 169.01, subdivisions 10, 11,
and 50; 169.59, subdivision 3; 169.743; Minnesota
Statutes 1983 Supplement, sections 168.013,
subdivision 1e; 168.12, subdivision 2; 169.73,
subdivision 4; and 169.974, subdivisions 2 and 6;
repealing Minnesota Statutes 1982, sections 168.27,
subdivision 5; 168.31, subdivision 3; 169.672;
169.755; and Minnesota Statutes 1983 Supplement,
section 168.46.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA:
Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.011,
subdivision 9, is amended to read:
Subd. 9. [BUS; INTERCITY BUS.] (a) "Bus" means any every
motor vehicle designed and used for the carrying of more than
eight persons ten passengers and used for transporting persons,
and every motor vehicle, other than a taxicab, designed and used
for transporting persons for compensation.
The term "bus" does not include a vehicle designed for
carrying more than ten passengers but not more than 14
passengers and operated for the personal or family use of the
owner or operater.
(b) "Intercity bus" means any bus operating as a common
passenger carrier over regular routes and between fixed termini,
but excluding all buses operating wholly within the limits of
one city, or wholly within two or more contiguous cities, or
between contiguous cities and a terminus outside the corporate
limits of such cities, and not more than 20 miles distant
measured along the fixed route from such corporate limits.
Sec. 2. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.011,
subdivision 13, is amended to read:
Subd. 13. [TRAILER.] "Trailer" means any vehicle designed
for carrying property or passenger on its own structure and for
being drawn by a motor vehicle but shall not include a trailer
drawn by a truck-tractor semitrailer combination, or an
auxiliary axle on a motor vehicle which carries a portion of the
weight of the motor vehicle to which it is attached.
Sec. 3. Minnesota Statutes 1983 Supplement, section
168.013, subdivision 1e, is amended to read:
Subd. 1e. [TRUCKS; TRACTORS; COMBINATIONS; EXCEPTIONS.] On
trucks and tractors except those in this chapter defined as farm
trucks, and urban trucks, and on truck-tractor and semitrailer
combinations except those defined as farm combinations and urban
combinations and on commercial zone vehicles, the tax based on
total gross weight shall be graduated according to the Minnesota
base rate schedule prescribed in this subdivision, but in no
event less than $120.
Minnesota Base Rate Schedule
Scheduled taxes include five percent
surtax provided for in subdivision 14
TOTAL GROSS WEIGHT
IN POUNDS TAX
A 0 - 1,500 $ 15
B 1,501 - 3,000 20
C 3,001 - 4,500 25
D 4,501 - 6,000 35
E 6,001 - 9,000 45
F 9,001 - 12,000 70
G 12,001 - 15,000 105
H 15,001 - 18,000 145
I 18,001 - 21,000 190
J 21,001 - 27,000 26,000 270
K 27,001 26,001 - 33,000 360
L 33,001 - 39,000 470
M 39,001 - 45,000 590
N 45,001 - 51,000 710
O 51,001 - 57,000 860
P 57,001 - 63,000 1010
Q 63,001 - 69,000 1180
R 69,001 - 73,280 1320
S 73,281 - 78,000 1520
T 78,001 - 81,000 1620
For each vehicle with a gross weight in excess of 81,000
pounds an additional tax of $50 is imposed for each ton or
fraction thereof in excess of 81,000 pounds, subject to
subdivision 12.
Truck-tractors except those herein defined as farm and
urban truck-tractors and commercial zone vehicles shall be taxed
in accord with the foregoing gross weight tax schedule on the
basis of the combined gross weight of the truck-tractor and any
semitrailer or semitrailers which the applicant proposes to
combine with the truck-tractor. In addition, to the gross
weight tax imposed on the truck-tractor, each semitrailer shall
be taxed a fee of $10 for a one-year period or $50 for a
five-year period whichever the applicant elects.
Commercial zone trucks include only trucks, truck-tractors,
and semitrailer combinations which are:
(1) used by an authorized local cartage carrier operating
under a permit issued under section 221.296 and whose gross
transportation revenue consists of at least 60 percent obtained
solely from local cartage carriage, and are operated solely
within an area composed of two contiguous cities of the first
class and municipalities contiguous thereto as defined by
section 221.011, subdivision 17; or,
(2) operated by an interstate carrier registered under
section 221.61 or 221.62, or by an authorized local cartage
carrier or other carrier receiving operating authority under
chapter 221, and operated solely within a zone exempt from
regulation by the interstate commerce commission pursuant to
United States Code, title 49, section 10526(b).
The license plates issued for commercial zone vehicles
shall be plainly marked. A person operating a commercial zone
vehicle outside the zone or area in which its operation is
authorized is guilty of a misdemeanor and, in addition to the
penalty therefor, shall have the registration of the vehicle as
a commercial zone vehicle revoked by the registrar and shall be
required to reregister the vehicle at 100 percent of the full
annual tax prescribed in the Minnesota base rate schedule, and
no part of this tax shall be refunded during the balance of the
registration year.
On commercial zone trucks the tax shall be based on the
total gross weight of the vehicle and during the first eight
years of vehicle life shall be 75 percent of the Minnesota base
rate schedule. During the ninth and succeeding years of vehicle
life the tax shall be 50 percent of the Minnesota base rate
schedule, except as otherwise provided in this subdivision. On
commercial zone trucks, during the ninth and succeeding years of
vehicle life, the tax shall be:
(a) for the 1982 registration year, 35 percent of the tax
imposed in the Minnesota base rate schedule;
(b) for the 1983 registration year, 40 percent of the tax
imposed in the Minnesota base rate schedule;
(c) for the 1984 registration year, 45 percent of the tax
imposed in the Minnesota base rate schedule;
(d) for the 1985 registration year, and each succeeding
year, 50 percent of the tax imposed in the Minnesota base rate
schedule.
On trucks, truck-tractors and semitrailer combinations,
except those defined as farm trucks and farm combinations, and
except for those urban trucks and combinations and commercial
zone vehicles specifically provided for in this subdivision, the
tax for the first eight years of vehicle life shall be 100
percent of the tax imposed in the Minnesota base rate schedule,
and during the ninth and succeeding years of vehicle life, the
tax shall be 75 percent of the Minnesota base rate prescribed by
this subdivision, except as otherwise provided in this
subdivision.
On trucks, truck-tractors and semitrailer combinations,
except those defined as farm trucks and farm combinations, and
except for those urban trucks and combinations and commercial
zone vehicles specifically provided for in this subdivision,
during each of the first eight years of vehicle life the tax
shall be:
(a) for the registration year 1982, 83 percent of the tax
imposed in the Minnesota base rate schedule;
(b) for the registration year 1983, 89 percent of the tax
imposed in the Minnesota base rate schedule;
(c) for the registration year 1984, 95 percent of the tax
imposed in the Minnesota base rate schedule;
(d) for the registration year 1985, and each succeeding
year, 100 percent of the tax imposed in the Minnesota base rate
schedule.
Sec. 4. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.013,
subdivision 16, is amended to read:
Subd. 16. [REPAIR AND SERVICING PERMIT.] Upon the written
application of the owner of a motor vehicle registered and taxed
as a commercial zone truck, an urban truck, a truck tractor, a
semitrailer, or any combination thereof in accordance with this
section, the registrar may grant permission in writing to such
owner to operate such vehicle to and from a repair shop or
service station outside of its licensed zone of operation for
the limited purpose of repair or servicing. The application and
any permit issued under this subdivision shall state the
location of the repair or servicing facility, together with such
other information and subject to such conditions as the
registrar may specify. Any motor vehicle operated under such a
permit shall carry no load.
Sec. 5. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.018, is
amended to read:
168.018 [QUARTERLY REGISTRATION OF FARM TRUCKS.]
The owner of any farm truck as defined in section 168.011,
subdivision 17, may elect to register and license the farm truck
only for one or more quarters of a registration year, at a tax
of one-fourth of the annual tax on the vehicle plus $5 for each
quarterly registration. The owner may not apply for quarterly
registration or renewal until seven days before the selected
quarter or concurrent quarters. The expiration date of a
registration shall be displayed on the license plate in such a
manner as the registrar shall direct. No farm truck registered
on a quarterly basis shall be operated on the public streets and
highways more than ten days beyond the end of the quarter for
which it is registered unless the registration has been renewed
for another quarter or for the remainder of the registration
year.
For purposes of this section registration quarters shall
begin on March 1, June 1, September 1, and December 1.
Sec. 6. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.041,
subdivision 6, is amended to read:
Subd. 6. Any such violator or owner may apply to the
registrar of motor vehicles for new registration plates which
shall bear a special series number which may be readily
identified by traffic law enforcement officers. A fee of $3 $5
shall accompany the application. The registrar of motor
vehicles shall forthwith notify the court of such application.
The court may return the registration certificate of such
violator or owner to the registrar of motor vehicles, together
with its consent to the issuance of such registration plates to
such violator or owner. Thereupon the registrar of motor
vehicles shall issue such new registration plates. Until the
drivers license of such violator is reinstated, any new
registration plates issued to him or to an owner whose plates
have been impounded shall bear a special series number.
Sec. 7. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.053,
subdivision 1, is amended to read:
Subdivision 1. Any person, firm, or corporation engaged in
the business of transporting motor vehicles, not his own, by
delivering, by drive-away or towing methods, either singly or by
means of the full mount method, the saddle mount method, the
tow-bar method, or any other combination thereof, and under
their own power, vehicles over the highways of the state from
the manufacturer or any other point of origin, to any point of
destination, within or without the state, shall make application
to the registrar for a drive-away in transit license. This
application for annual license shall be accompanied by a
registration fee of $250 and contain such information as the
registrar may require. Upon the filing of the application and
the payment of the fee, the registrar shall issue to each
drive-away operator a general distinguishing number, which
number must be carried and displayed by each motor vehicle in
like manner as is now provided by law for vehicles while being
operated upon the public highways on the power unit consistent
with section 169.79 and such number shall remain on the vehicle
from the manufacturer, or any point of origin, to any point of
destination while being operated within or beyond the state.
Additional plates bearing the same distinguishing number desired
by any drive-away operator may be secured from the registrar of
motor vehicles upon the payment of a fee of $2 for each set of
additional license plates. Any person, firm, or corporation
engaging in the business as a drive-away operator, of
transporting and delivering by means of full mount method, the
saddle mount method, the tow-bar method, or any combination
thereof, and under their own power, motor vehicles, who fails or
refuses to file or cause to be filed an application, as is
required by law, and to pay the fees therefor as the law
requires, shall be found guilty of violating the provisions of
sections 168.053 to 168.057; and, upon conviction, fined not
less than $50, and not more than $100, and all costs of court.
Each day so operating without securing the license and plates as
required therein shall constitute a separate offense within the
meaning thereof.
Sec. 8. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.09,
subdivision 2, is amended to read:
Subd. 2. When a motor vehicle registered in Minnesota, has
during the calendar year for which it is so registered, been
re-registered for the following year, the display on such motor
vehicle of the plates issued for such motor vehicle on its
re-registration for the following year shall on and after
November 15 of the calendar year in which it was so
re-registered constitute compliance with subdivision 1 requiring
display of plates except as provided in subdivision subdivisions
3 and 4.
Sec. 9. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.09,
subdivision 3, is amended to read:
Subd. 3. Plates or other insignia issued for a motor
vehicle registered under the provisions of section 168.187 for a
calendar year shall be displayed on the motor vehicle not later
than 12:01 a.m. on March 2 of the year unless extended by the
registrar for the period of time required for the issuance of
the new plates or insignia. Plates or other insignia issued for
a self-propelled motor vehicle registered for over 27,000 pounds
except a motor vehicle registered under the provision of
sections 168.017 and 168.187 shall be displayed on the vehicle
not later than 12:01 a.m. on March 2 of the year, nor earlier
than 12:01 a.m. on February 15 of the year, unless otherwise
extended by the registrar for the period of time required for
the issuance of the new plates or insignia. Plates or other
insignia issued for a self-propelled vehicle registered for
27,000 pounds or less and all other motor vehicles except those
registered under the provisions of section 168.017 or 168.187
shall be displayed not later than 12:01 a.m. on March 2 of the
year, and not earlier than November 15 January 1 of the
preceding year unless otherwise extended by the registrar for
the period of time required for the issuance of the new plates
or insignia. The commissioner of public safety shall register
all motor vehicles with the exception of those registered under
sections 168.017 or 168.187 for a period of 14 months for the
registration year 1978 to implement the provisions of this
subdivision. The registration year for all vehicles as provided
in this section shall be from March 1 to the last day of
February for 1979 and succeeding years.
Sec. 10. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.10,
subdivision 1, is amended to read:
Subdivision 1. [APPLICATION.] Except as provided in
subdivisions 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1g, every owner of any motor
vehicle in this state, not exempted by section 168.012 or
168.26, shall as soon as ownership of a motor vehicle is
acquired and annually thereafter during the period November 15
to March 1 following, both dates inclusive provided in section
168.31, file with the commissioner of public safety on a blank
provided by him a listing for taxation and application for the
registration of such vehicle, stating the first, middle and last
names, the dates of birth, and addresses of all owners thereof
who are natural persons, the full names and addresses of all
other owners, the name and address of the person from whom
purchased, make of motor vehicle, year and number of the model,
manufacturer's identification number or serial number, type of
body, the weight of the vehicle in pounds, for trailers only,
its rated load carrying capacity and for buses only, its seating
capacity, and such other information as the commissioner may
require. Any false statement wilfully and knowingly made in
regard thereto shall be deemed perjury and punished
accordingly. The listing and application for registration by
dealers or manufacturers' agents within the state, of motor
vehicles received for sale or use within the state shall be
accepted as compliance with the requirements of this chapter,
imposed upon the manufacturer.
Registration shall be refused a motor vehicle if the
original identification or serial number has been destroyed,
removed, altered, covered or defaced. However, if the
commissioner is satisfied on the sworn statements of the owner
or owners or such other persons as he may deem advisable that
the applicant is the legal owner, a special identification
number in the form prescribed by the commissioner shall be
assigned to the motor vehicle. When it has been determined that
the number had been affixed to such vehicle in a manner
prescribed by the commissioner, the vehicle may thereafter be
registered in the same manner as other motor vehicles. In the
case of a new or rebuilt motor vehicle manufactured or assembled
without an identification or serial number, the commissioner may
assign an identification number to the motor vehicle in the same
manner as prescribed heretofore.
Sec. 11. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.10,
subdivision 1a, is amended to read:
Subd. 1a. [COLLECTOR'S VEHICLES, PIONEER LICENSE.] Any
motor vehicle manufactured prior to 1936 and owned and operated
solely as a collector's item shall be listed for taxation and
registration as follows: An affidavit shall be executed stating
the name and address of the owner, the name and address of the
person from whom purchased, the make of the motor vehicle, year
and number of the model, the manufacturer's identification
number and that the vehicle is owned and operated solely as a
collector's item and not for general transportation purposes.
If the registrar is satisfied that the affidavit is true and
correct and the owner pays a $6 $25 tax, the registrar shall
list such vehicle for taxation and registration and shall issue
number plates.
The number plates so issued shall bear the inscription
"Pioneer," "Minnesota" and the registration number but no date.
The number plates are valid without renewal as long as the
vehicle is in existence and shall be issued for the applicant's
use only for such vehicle. The registrar has the power to
revoke said plates for failure to comply with this subdivision.
In the event of the defacement, loss or destruction of such
number plates, the registrar, upon receiving and filing a sworn
statement of the vehicle owner, setting forth the circumstances,
together with any defaced plates and the payment of a $2 fee,
shall issue duplicate plates specially designed for that
purpose. The registrar shall then note on his records the issue
of such new number plates and shall proceed in such manner as he
may deem advisable to cancel and call in the original plates.
Sec. 12. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.10,
subdivision 1b, is amended to read:
Subd. 1b. [COLLECTOR'S VEHICLE, CLASSIC CAR LICENSE.] Any
motor vehicle manufactured between and including the years 1925
and 1948, and designated by the registrar of motor vehicles as a
classic car because of its fine design, high engineering
standards, and superior workmanship, and owned and operated
solely as a collector's item shall be listed for taxation and
registration as follows: An affidavit shall be executed stating
the name and address of the owner, the name and address of the
person from whom purchased, the make of the motor vehicle, year
and number of the model, the manufacturer's identification
number and that the vehicle is owned and operated solely as a
collector's item and not for general transportation purposes.
If the registrar is satisfied that the affidavit is true and
correct and that the motor vehicle qualifies to be classified as
a classic car, and the owner pays a $6 $25 tax, the registrar
shall list such vehicle for taxation and registration and shall
issue number plates.
The number plates so issued shall bear the inscription
"Classic Car," "Minnesota," and the registration number but no
date. The number plates are valid without renewal as long as
the vehicle is in existence and shall be issued for the
applicant's use only for such vehicle. The registrar has the
power to revoke said plates for failure to comply with this
subdivision.
In the event of the defacement, loss or destruction of such
number plates, the registrar, upon receiving and filing a sworn
statement of the vehicle owner, setting forth the circumstances,
together with any defaced plates and the payment of a $2 fee,
shall issue duplicate plates specially designed for that
purpose. The registrar shall then note on his records the issue
of such new number plates and shall proceed in such manner as he
may deem advisable to cancel and call in the original plates.
The following cars built between and including 1925 and
1948 are classic:
A.C.
Adler
Alfa Romeo
Alvis Speed 20, 25, and 4.3 litre.
Amilcar
Aston Martin
Auburn All 8-cylinder and 12-cylinder
models.
Audi
Austro-Daimler
Avions Voisin 12
Bentley
Blackhawk
B.M.W. Models 327, 328, and 335 only.
Brewster
(Heart-front Ford)
Bugatti
Buick 1931 through 1942: series 90 only.
Cadillac All 1925 through 1935.
1936-1948: Series 67, 70, 72, 75, 80,
85 and 90 only.
1938-1941: 60 special only.
Chrysler 1926 through 1930: Imperial 80.
1931: Imperial 8 Series CG.
1932: Series CG, CH and CL.
1933: Series CL.
1934: Series CW.
1935: Series CW.
All Newports and Thunderbolts.
Cord
Cunningham
Dagmar Model 25-70 only.
Daimler
Delage
Delahaye
Doble
Dorris
Duesenberg
du Pont
Franklin All models except 1933-34 Olympic
Sixes.
Frazer Nash
Hispano Suiza
Horch
Hotchkiss
Invicta
Isotta Fraschini
Jaguar
Jordan Speedway Series 'Z' only.
Kissel 1925, 1926 and 1927: Model 8-75.
1928: Model 8-90, and 8-90 White
Eagle.
1929: Model 8-126, and 8-90 White
Eagle.
1930: Model 8-126.
1931: Model 8-126.
Lagonda
Lancia
La Salle 1927 through 1933 only.
Lincoln All models K, L, KA, and KB.
1941: Model 168H.
1942: Model 268H.
Lincoln
Continental 1939 through 1948.
Locomobile All models 48 and 90.
1927: Model 8-80.
1928: Model 8-80.
1929: Models 8-80 and 8-88.
Marmon All 16-cylinder models.
1925: Model 74.
1926: Model 74.
1927: Model 75.
1928: Model E75.
1930: Big 8 model.
1931: Model 88, and Big 8.
Maybach
McFarlan
Mercedes Benz All models 2.2 litres and up.
Mercer
M.G. 6-cylinder models only.
Minerva
Packard 1925 through 1934: All models.
1935 through 1942: Models 1200,
1201, 1202, 1203, 1204, 1205, 1207,
1208, 1400, 1401, 1402, 1403, 1404,
1405, 1407, 1408, 1500, 1501, 1502,
1506, 1507, 1508, 1603, 1604, 1605,
1607, 1608, 1705, 1707, 1708, 1806,
1807, 1808, 1906, 1907, 1908, 2006,
2007, and 2008 only.
1946 and 1947: Models 2106 and
2126 only.
Peerless 1926 through 1928: Series 69.
1930-1931: Custom 8.
1932: Deluxe Custom 8.
Pierce Arrow
Railton
Renault Grand Sport model only.
Reo 1930-1931: Royale Custom 8, and
Series 8-35 and 8-52 Elite 8.
1933: Royale Custom 8.
Revere
Roamer 1925: Series 8-88, 6-54e, and 4-75.
1926: Series 4-75e, and 8-88.
1927-1928: Series 8-88.
1929: Series 8-88, and 8-125.
1930: Series 8-125.
Rohr
Rolls Royce
Ruxton
Salmson
Squire
Stearns Knight
Stevens Duryea
Steyr
Stutz
Sunbeam
Talbot
Vauxhall Series 30-98 only.
Wills Saint Claire
No commercial vehicles such as hearses, ambulances, or
trucks are considered to be classic cars.
Sec. 13. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.10,
subdivision 1c, is amended to read:
Subd. 1c. [COLLECTOR'S VEHICLE, COLLECTOR LICENSE.] Any
motor vehicle, including any truck, that is at least 20 model
years old and manufactured after 1935, or any motor vehicle of a
defunct make defined as any car or truck originally licensed as
a separate identifiable make as designated by the division of
motor vehicles, and owned and operated solely as a collector's
vehicle, shall be listed for taxation and registration as
follows: An affidavit shall be executed stating the name and
address of the person from whom purchased and of the new owner,
the make of the motor vehicle, year and number of the model, the
manufacturer's identification number and that the vehicle is
owned and operated solely as a collector's item and not for
general transportation purposes. The owner must also prove that
he or she also has one or more vehicles with regular license
plates. If the registrar is satisfied that the affidavit is
true and correct and the owner pays a $20 $25 tax, the registrar
shall list the vehicle for taxation and registration and shall
issue number plates.
The number plates issued shall bear the inscription
"Collector," "Minnesota" and the registration number, but no
date. The number plates are valid without renewal as long as
the vehicle is in existence and shall be issued for the
applicant's use only for the vehicle. The registrar has the
power to revoke the plates for failure to comply with this
subdivision.
In the event of the defacement, loss or destruction of the
number plates, the registrar, upon receiving and filing a sworn
statement of the vehicle owner, setting forth the circumstances,
together with any defaced plates and the payment of a $2 fee,
shall issue duplicate plates specially designed for that
purpose. The registrar shall then note on his records the issue
of the new number plates and shall proceed in the manner as he
may deem advisable to cancel and call in the original plates.
Sec. 14. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.10,
subdivision 1d, is amended to read:
Subd. 1d. [COLLECTORS VEHICLES, STREET ROD LICENSE.] Any
modernized motor vehicle manufactured prior to the year 1949 or
designed and manufactured to resemble such vehicle shall be
listed for taxation and registration as follows:
An affidavit shall be executed stating the name and address
of the person from whom purchased and of the new owner, the make
of the motor vehicle, year number of model, and the
manufacturer's identification number. The affidavit shall
further state that the vehicle is owned and operated solely as a
street rod and not for general transportation purposes. The
owner must also prove that he or she has one or more vehicles
with regular license plates. If the registrar is satisfied that
the affidavit is true and correct and the owner pays a $25 tax,
the registrar shall list such vehicle for taxation and
registration and shall issue number plates.
The number plates issued shall bear the inscription "Street
Rod", "Minnesota" and the registration number but no date. The
number plates are valid without renewal as long as the vehicle
is in existence and shall be issued for the applicant's use only
for such vehicle. The registrar has the power to revoke such
plates for failure to comply with this subdivision.
In the event of the defacement, loss or destruction of such
number plates, the registrar, upon receiving and filing a sworn
statement of the vehicle's owner, setting forth the
circumstances, together with any defaced plates and the payment
of a $5 fee, shall issue duplicate plates specially designed for
that purpose. The registrar shall then note on his records the
issue of such new number plates and shall proceed in such a
manner as he may deem advisable to cancel and call in the
original plates.
Sec. 15. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.101,
subdivision 2, is amended to read:
Subd. 2. Any person who knowingly sells or in any manner
knowingly transfers title of a passenger automobile or truck to
a person who is prohibited from owning a passenger automobile or
truck under the provisions of subdivision 1 shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor. Any person who knowingly fails to mail in the
application for registration or transfer to the registrar of
motor vehicles or otherwise submits fails to submit said forms
to him within 14 days following date of sale shall be guilty of
a misdemeanor.
Sec. 16. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.12,
subdivision 1, is amended to read:
Subdivision 1. [NUMBER PLATES; VISIBILITY, PERIODS OF
ISSUANCE.] The registrar, upon the approval and payment, shall
issue to the applicant the number plates required by law,
bearing an abbreviation of the state name and the number
assigned. The number assigned may be a combination of a letter
or sign with figures. The color of the plates and the color of
the abbreviation of the state name and the number assigned shall
be in marked contrast. The plates shall be lettered, spaced, or
distinguished to suitably indicate the registration of the
vehicle according to the rules of the registrar, and when a
vehicle is registered on the basis of total gross weight, the
plates issued shall clearly indicate by letters or other
suitable insignia the maximum gross weight for which the tax has
been paid. These number plates shall be so treated as to be at
least 100 times brighter than the conventional painted number
plates. When properly mounted on an unlighted vehicle, these
number plates, when viewed from a vehicle equipped with standard
headlights, shall be visible for a distance of not less than
1,500 feet and readable for a distance of not less than 110
feet. The registrar shall issue these number plates for the
following periods:
(1) Number plates issued pursuant to sections 168.27,
subdivisions 16 and 17, and 168.053 shall be for a one year
period;
(2) New number plates issued pursuant to section 168.012,
subdivision 1, shall be issued to a vehicle for as long as it is
owned by the exempt agency and shall not be transferable from
one vehicle to another but may be transferred with the vehicle
from one tax exempt agency to another;
(3) Plates issued for passenger automobiles as defined in
section 168.011, subdivision 7, shall be issued for the life of
the vehicle; and
(4) Plates for any vehicle not specified in clauses (1),
(2) and (3), except for trailers as hereafter provided, shall be
issued for the life of the vehicle. Beginning with number
plates issued for the year 1981, plates issued for trailers with
a total gross weight of 3,000 pounds or less shall be issued for
the life of the trailer and shall be not more than seven inches
in length and four inches in width.
The registrar shall issue for each registration a tab or
sticker to designate the year of registration. This tab or
sticker shall show the calendar year or years for which issued,
and is valid only for that period. Unless the motor vehicle for
which a The number plate plates, number, tab tabs, or
sticker is stickers issued, is permanently lost, is destroyed,
or is removed from the state, no number plate, number, tab, or
sticker for a motor vehicle may not be transferred to another
motor vehicle during the period for which it is issued.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this subdivision,
number plates issued to a vehicle which is used for
behind-the-wheel instruction in a driver education course in a
public school may be transferred to another vehicle used for the
same purpose without payment of any additional fee. The
registrar shall be notified of each transfer of number plates
under this paragraph, and may prescribe a form for notification.
Sec. 17. Minnesota Statutes 1983 Supplement, section
168.12, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
Subd. 2. [AMATEUR RADIO STATION LICENSEE; SPECIAL LICENSE
PLATES.] Any applicant who is an owner or joint owner of a
passenger automobile, van or pickup truck, or a self-propelled
recreational vehicle, and a resident of this state, and who
holds an official amateur radio station license, or a citizens
radio service class D license, in good standing, issued by the
Federal Communications Commission shall upon compliance with all
laws of this state relating to registration and the licensing of
motor vehicles and drivers, be furnished with license plates for
the motor vehicle, as prescribed by law, upon which, in lieu of
the numbers required for identification under subdivision 1,
shall be inscribed the official amateur call letters of the
applicant, as assigned by the Federal Communications
Commission. The applicant shall pay in addition to the
registration tax required by law, the sum of $10 for the special
license plates, and at the time of delivery of the special
license plates the applicant shall surrender to the registrar
the current license plates issued for the motor vehicle. This
provision for the issue of special license plates shall apply
only if the applicant's vehicle is already registered in
Minnesota so that the applicant has valid regular Minnesota
plates issued for that vehicle under which to operate it during
the time that it will take to have the necessary special license
plates made. If the applicant owns or jointly owns more than
one motor vehicle of the type specified in this subdivision he
may apply for special plates for each of not more than two
vehicles, and, if each application complies with this
subdivision, the registrar shall furnish the applicant with the
special plates, inscribed with the official amateur call letters
and other distinguishing information as the registrar considers
necessary, for each of the two vehicles. And the registrar may
make reasonable regulations governing the use of the special
license plates as will assure the full compliance by the owner
and holder of the special plates, with all existing laws
governing the registration of motor vehicles, the transfer and
the use thereof. When the ownership of a motor vehicle for
which special license plates have been furnished by the
registrar, changes from one person to another, the special
license plates herein authorized shall be promptly removed from
the motor vehicle by the seller and returned to the registrar,
at which time the seller or the buyer of the motor vehicle shall
be entitled to receive license plates for the motor vehicle as
provided in section 168.15.
Despite any contrary provision of subdivision 1, the
special license plates issued under this subdivision may be
transferred to another motor vehicle upon the payment of a fee
of $5. The fee must be paid into the state treasury and
credited to the highway user tax distribution fund. The
registrar must be notified of the transfer and may prescribe a
form for the notification.
Sec. 18. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.12,
subdivision 2b, is amended to read:
Subd. 2b. [FIREFIGHTERS; SPECIAL LICENSE PLATE.] The
registrar shall issue special license plates to any applicant
who is both a member of a fire department receiving state aid
under chapter 69 and an owner or joint owner of a passenger
automobile, station wagon, van, or pickup with a gross weight of
9,000 pounds or less truck, upon payment of a fee of $10 and
upon payment of the registration tax required by law for the
vehicle and compliance with other laws of this state relating to
registration and licensing of motor vehicles and drivers. In
lieu of the identification required under subdivision 1, the
special license plates shall be inscribed with a symbol of a
Maltese Cross together with five numbers. No applicant shall
receive more than two sets of plates for vehicles owned or
jointly owned by the applicant.
Special plates issued under this subdivision may only be
used during the period that the owner or joint owner of the
vehicle is a member of a fire department as specified in this
subdivision. When the person to whom the special plates were
issued is no longer a member of a fire department or when the
vehicle ownership is transferred, the special license plates
shall be removed from the vehicle and returned to the
registrar. Upon return of the special plates, the owner or
purchaser of the vehicle is entitled to receive regular plates
for the vehicle without cost for the remainder of the
registration period for which the special plates were issued.
Firefighter license plates issued pursuant to this subdivision
may be transferred to another motor vehicle upon payment of $5,
which fee shall be paid into the state treasury and credited to
the highway user tax distribution fund.
The commissioner of public safety may adopt rules under the
administrative procedure act, sections 14.01 to 14.70, to govern
the issuance and use of the special plates authorized in this
subdivision. All fees from the sale of special license plates
for firefighters shall be paid into the state treasury and
credited to the highway user tax distribution fund.
Sec. 19. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.27,
subdivision 2, is amended to read:
Subd. 2. [NEW MOTOR VEHICLE DEALER.] No person shall
engage in the business of selling or arranging the sale of new
motor vehicles or shall offer to sell, solicit, arrange, or
advertise the sale of new motor vehicles without first acquiring
a new motor vehicle dealer license. A new motor vehicle dealer
licensee shall be entitled thereunder to sell, broker, wholesale
or auction and to solicit and advertise the sale, broker,
wholesale or auction of new motor vehicles covered by his
franchise and any used motor vehicles or to lease and to solicit
and advertise the lease of new motor vehicles and any used motor
vehicles and such sales or leases may be either for consumer use
at retail or for resale to a dealer. Nothing herein shall be
construed to require an applicant for a dealer license who
proposes to deal in new and unused motor vehicle bodies to have
a bona fide contract or franchise in effect with the
manufacturer or distributor of any motor vehicle chassis upon
which the new and unused motor vehicle body is mounted.
Sec. 20. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.27,
subdivision 3, is amended to read:
Subd. 3. [USED MOTOR VEHICLE DEALER.] No person shall
engage in the business of selling or arranging the sale of used
motor vehicles or shall offer to sell, solicit, arrange, or
advertise the sale of used motor vehicles without first
acquiring a used motor vehicle dealer license. A used motor
vehicle dealer licensee shall be entitled thereunder to sell,
lease, broker, wholesale or auction and to solicit and advertise
the sale, lease, broker, wholesale or auction of any used motor
vehicles for consumer use at retail or for resale to a dealer.
Sec. 21. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.29, is
amended to read:
168.29 [DUPLICATE PLATES.]
In the event of the defacement, loss or destruction of any
number plates, the registrar, upon receiving and filing a sworn
statement of the vehicle owner, setting forth the circumstances
of the defacement, loss, destruction or theft of the number
plates, together with any defaced plates and the payment of the
fee of $3 $5 shall issue a new set of plates, provided that if
the $3 $5 fee exceeds the annual tax, the fee shall be the same
as the annual tax. Duplicate plates for tax-exempt vehicles
licensed under section 168.012, subdivision 1, are furnished by
the registrar at cost. The registrar shall then note on his
records the issue of such new number plates and shall proceed in
such manner as he may deem advisable to cancel and call in the
original plates so as to insure against their use on another
motor vehicle. Duplicate registration certificates plainly
marked as duplicates may be issued in like cases upon the
payment of a 50 cent $1 fee.
Sec. 22. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.31,
subdivision 1, is amended to read:
Subdivision 1. [TIME PAYABLE.] The tax required under this
chapter to be paid upon a motor vehicle for each calendar year
becomes due when the vehicle first uses the public streets or
highways in the state, and upon January 1 each year thereafter,
except those vehicles which are taxed under section 168.017 and
vehicles registered under 168.09, subdivision 3. Taxes due upon
January 1 become payable upon November 15 preceding the calendar
year for which they are assessed except those upon motor
vehicles which shall first use the public streets and highways
of this state between November 15 and the next following
December 31. The tax required to register vehicles for the
registration year March 1 to the last day of February is due on
March 1 and payable November 15 January 1 preceding. The tax
that becomes due January 1 next following upon those motor
vehicles becomes payable at the time the tax for the current
year becomes payable. Taxes due upon January 1 become
delinquent after January 10 unless paid. Taxes due when the
vehicle first uses the public streets or highways in the state
shall become delinquent upon the expiration of seven days after
the tax became due unless paid. The tax required to register
vehicles under the provisions of section 168.017 is due the
first day of the month commencing the 12 month registration
period and payable during the 45 days preceding the due date.
Nothing in this section shall preclude prepayment.
Sec. 23. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.31,
subdivision 4, is amended to read:
Subd. 4. [INSTALLMENTS.] If the tax for a vehicle assessed
under section 168.013 or 168.187 amounts to more than $300 $400,
the owner may pay such tax by installments. The owner shall
tender with his application for registration one-third of the
annual tax due or $300 $400, whichever is greater, plus any
penalties or arrears. The remainder of the tax due shall be
paid in two equal installments; the due date of the first
installment shall be the first day of the fifth month of the
registration period for which the tax is assessed and the second
installment shall be due on the first day of the ninth month of
the registration period for which the tax is assessed. The
registrar shall issue no registration certificate until the full
amount of the tax has been paid. In lieu of such registration
certificate, the registrar shall issue to the owner a receipt
for installments paid, which receipt shall be displayed upon the
windshield of the vehicle as evidence that under the provisions
of this section the vehicle may be operated on the streets and
highways of this state. If an owner of a vehicle fails to pay
an installment within seven days after on or before the due date
thereof, the vehicle shall not use the public streets or
highways in this state until the installment or installments of
the tax remaining due on such vehicle shall have been paid in
full for the licensed year together with penalties as
hereinafter provided. If the balance of the tax due on the
vehicle is not paid within seven days after the due date
thereof, the owner, in addition to the balance of the tax, shall
pay a penalty at the rate of fifty cents $1 per day for the
remainder of the month in which the balance of the tax becomes
due and $2 $4 a month for each succeeding month or fraction
thereof in during which the balance of the tax remains unpaid.
Upon the payment of the balance of the tax and the penalties,
the registrar shall issue a registration certificate to the
owner of the vehicle in the manner provided by law. The
registrar shall deny installment payment privileges provided in
this subdivision in the subsequent year to any owner on any or
all vehicles of such owner who during the current year fails to
pay any installment due within one month after the due date.
Sec. 24. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168.33,
subdivision 2, is amended to read:
Subd. 2. [POWERS.] The registrar shall have the power to
appoint, hire and discharge and fix the compensation of the
necessary employees, in the manner provided by law, as may be
required to enable him to properly carry out the duties imposed
upon him by the provisions of this chapter. As of April 14,
1976, the registrar may appoint, and for cause discontinue, a
deputy registrar for any city as the public interest and
convenience may require, without regard to whether the county
auditor of the county in which the city is situated has been
appointed as the deputy registrar for the county or has been
discontinued as the deputy registrar for the county, and without
regard to whether the county in which the city is situated has
established a county license bureau which issues motor vehicle
licenses as provided in section 373.32.
Effective August 1, 1976, the registrar may appoint, and
for cause discontinue, a deputy registrar for any city as the
public interest and convenience may require, if the auditor for
the county in which the city is situated chooses not to accept
appointment as the deputy registrar for the county or is
discontinued as a deputy registrar, or if the county in which
the city is situated has not established a county license bureau
which issues motor vehicle license as provided in section
373.32. Any person appointed by the registrar as a deputy
registrar for any city shall be a resident of the county in
which the city is situated.
The registrar may appoint, and for cause discontinue, the
county auditor of each county as a deputy registrar. The
auditor, with the approval of the director of motor vehicles,
may appoint, and for cause discontinue, the clerk or equivalent
officer of each city or any other person as a deputy registrar
as public interest and convenience may require, regardless of
his county of residence. Notwithstanding any other provision, a
person other than a county auditor or a director of a county
license bureau, who was appointed by the registrar before August
1, 1976, as a deputy registrar for any city, may continue to
serve as deputy registrar and may be discontinued for cause only
by the registrar. The county auditor shall be responsible for
the acts of deputy registrars appointed by him. Each such
deputy, before entering upon the discharge of his duties, shall
take and subscribe an oath to faithfully discharge his duties
and to uphold the laws of the state. If a deputy registrar
appointed hereunder is not an officer or employee of a county or
city, such deputy shall in addition give bond to the state in
the sum of $10,000, or such larger sum as may be required by the
registrar, conditioned upon the faithful discharge of his duties
as deputy registrar. Each deputy registrar appointed hereunder
shall keep and maintain, in a convenient public place within the
place for which he is appointed, a registration and motor
vehicle tax collection bureau, to be approved by the registrar,
for the registration of motor vehicles and the collection of
motor vehicle taxes thereon. He shall keep such records and
make such reports to the registrar as that officer, from time to
time, may require. Such records shall be maintained at the
facility of the deputy registrar. The records and facilities of
the deputy registrar shall at all times be open to the
inspection of the registrar or his agents. He shall report
daily to the registrar by the next working day following receipt
all registrations made and taxes and fees collected by him. The
filing fee imposed pursuant to subdivision 7 shall be deposited
in the treasury of the place for which he is appointed, or if
such deputy is not a public official, he shall retain the filing
fee, but the registration tax and any additional fees for
delayed registration he has collected he shall deposit each day
by the next working day following receipt in an approved state
depository to the credit of the state through the state
treasurer. The place for which the deputy registrar is
appointed through its governing body shall provide the deputy
registrar with facilities and personnel to carry out the duties
imposed by this subdivision if such deputy is a public
official. In all other cases, the deputy shall maintain a
suitable facility for serving the public.
Sec. 25. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 168A.08, is
amended to read:
168A.08 [GROUNDS FOR REFUSAL TO ISSUE CERTIFICATE.]
The department shall refuse issuance of a certificate of
title if any required fee is not paid or if it has reasonable
grounds to believe that:
(1) the department has reasonable grounds to believe that
the applicant is not the owner of the vehicle;
(2) the department has reasonable grounds to believe that
the application contains a false or fraudulent statement; or if
(3) the applicant fails to furnish required information or
documents or any additional information the department
reasonably requires; or
(4) the applicant has not paid at least one month's
registration tax or registered the vehicle under section 168.187.
Sec. 26. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 169.01,
subdivision 10, is amended to read:
Subd. 10. [TRAILER.] "Trailer" means every any vehicle
without motive power designed for carrying persons or property
or passengers on its own structure and for being drawn by a
motor vehicle and so constructed that no part of its weight
rests upon the towing vehicle but does not include a trailer
drawn by a truck-tractor semitrailer combination or an auxiliary
axle on a motor vehicle which carries a portion of the weight of
the motor vehicle to which it is attached.
Sec. 27. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 169.01,
subdivision 11, is amended to read:
Subd. 11. [SEMITRAILER.] "Semitrailer" means every a
vehicle without motive power of the trailer type so designed for
carrying persons or property and for being drawn by a motor
vehicle and so constructed that some and used in conjunction
with a truck-tractor that a considerable part of its own weight
and or that of its load rests upon or and is carried by
another vehicle the truck-tractor and includes a trailer drawn
by a truck-tractor semitrailer combination.
Sec. 28. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 169.01,
subdivision 50, is amended to read:
Subd. 50. [BUS.] "Bus" means every motor vehicle designed
for carrying more than ten passengers and used for the
transportation of persons, and every motor vehicle other than a
taxicab designed and used for the transportation of persons for
compensation.
The term "bus" does not include a vehicle designed for
carrying more than ten passengers but not more than 14
passengers and operated for the personal or family use of the
owner or operator.
Sec. 29. Minnesota Statutes 1983 Supplement, section
169.73, subdivision 4, is amended to read:
Subd. 4. [MAXIMUM BUMPER HEIGHT.] Notwithstanding the
restrictions contained in subdivision 3, bumpers required under
this section shall not exceed a height of 20 inches on any
passenger automobile or station wagon or 25 inches on any
four-wheel drive multipurpose type vehicle or truck having a
manufacturer's rated capacity of 2,000 pounds or less when the
vehicle is being operated on a public highway. The height of
the bumper shall be determined by measuring from the bottom of
the bumper, excluding any vertical bumper attachments, to the
ground. A vehicle which has an original bumper which does not
exceed a height of 30 inches may be modified by attaching a full
width bumper to the regular bumper to meet the height
requirement. The attached bumper must be at least 4.5 inches in
vertical height, be centered on the vehicle's centerline, extend
at least ten inches on either side of the frame, and be attached
to the frame in at least four places with angle braces at no
less than 45 degrees so that it effectively transfers impact to
an extent equal to or greater than the original bumper.
Competent evidence that a vehicle was originally
manufactured with bumpers higher than prescribed in this
subdivision shall be an affirmative defense in any action under
this section.
Sec. 30. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 169.59,
subdivision 3, is amended to read:
Subd. 3. [BACK-UP LIGHTS.] Any vehicle may be equipped
with not more than two back-up lamps, either separately or in
combination with another lamp, and not more than two rear
cornering lamps, except that no such back-up lamp shall the
lamps must not be continuously lighted when the vehicle is in
forward motion, nor shall it project a glaring light.
Sec. 31. Minnesota Statutes 1982, section 169.743, is
amended to read:
169.743 [BUG DEFLECTORS.]
Bug deflectors shall be permitted but not required on motor
vehicles. No bug deflector shall be sold, offered for sale, or
used which is composed of other than non-illuminated material.
No person shall operate any motor vehicle equipped with a bug
deflector of nontransparent material having more than one inch
of material extending above the highest part of the front of the
hood, excluding any decorative ornament, and no person shall
operate any motor vehicle equipped with a bug deflector of
transparent material having more than three inches of material
extending above the highest part of the front of the hood,
excluding any decorative ornament; provided that trucks and
truck tractors of 12,000 pounds gross vehicle weight or larger
may be operated with a clear, uncolored bug deflector extending
no more than six inches above the highest part of the front of
the hood, excluding any decorative ornament.
Sec. 32. Minnesota Statutes 1983 Supplement, section
169.974, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
Subd. 2. [LICENSE REQUIREMENTS.] No person shall operate a
motorcycle on any street or highway unless he has a valid
standard driver's license with a two-wheeled vehicle endorsement
as provided by law. No such two-wheeled vehicle endorsement
shall be issued unless the person applying therefor has in
possession a valid two-wheeled vehicle instruction permit as
provided herein, has passed a written examination and road test
administered by the department of public safety for such
endorsement, and, in the case of applicants under 18 years of
age, shall present a certificate or other evidence of having
successfully completed an approved two-wheeled vehicle driver's
safety course in this or another state, in accordance with rules
promulgated by the state board of education for courses offered
through the public schools, or rules promulgated by the
commissioner of public safety for courses offered by a private
or commercial school or institute. The commissioner of public
safety may waive the road test for any applicant if he
determines that the applicant possesses a valid license to
operate a two-wheeled vehicle issued by a jurisdiction that
requires a comparable road test for license issuance. A
two-wheeled vehicle instruction permit shall be issued to any
person over 16 years of age, who is in possession of a valid
driver's license, who is enrolled in an approved two-wheeled
vehicle driver's safety course, and who has passed a written
examination for such permit and has paid such fee as the
commissioner of public safety shall prescribe. A two-wheeled
vehicle instruction permit shall be effective for 45 days, and
may be renewed under rules to be prescribed by the commissioner
of public safety.
No person who is operating by virtue of a two-wheeled
vehicle instruction permit shall:
(a) Carry any passengers on the streets and highways of
this state on the motorcycle which he is operating;
(b) Drive the motorcycle at night time;
(c) Drive the motorcycle on any highway marked by the
commissioner as an interstate highway pursuant to title 23 of
the United States Code.; or
(d) Drive the motorcycle without wearing protective
headgear of a type approved that complies with standards
established by the commissioner of public safety.
Notwithstanding the provisions of this subdivision, the
commissioner of public safety may, however, issue a special
motorcycle permit, restricted or qualified in such manner as he
shall deem proper, to any person demonstrating a need therefor
and unable to qualify for a standard driver's license.
Sec. 33. Minnesota Statutes 1983 Supplement, section
169.974, subdivision 6, is amended to read:
Subd. 6. [NEGLIGENCE; DAMAGES WITHOUT PROTECTIVE
HEADGEAR.] In an action to recover damages for negligence
resulting in any head injury to an operator or passenger of a
motorcycle, evidence of whether or not the injured person was
wearing protective headgear of a type approved that complied
with standards established by the commissioner of public safety
shall be admissible only with respect to the question of damages
for head injuries. Damages for head injuries of any person who
was not wearing protective headgear shall be reduced to the
extent that those injuries could have been avoided by wearing
protective headgear of a type approved that complied with
standards established by the commissioner of public safety. For
the purposes of this subdivision "operator or passenger" means
any operator or passenger regardless of whether that operator or
passenger was required by law to wear protective headgear
approved that complied with standards established by the
commissioner of public safety.
Sec. 34. [REPEALER.]
Minnesota Statutes 1982, sections 168.27, subdivision 5;
168.31, subdivision 3; 169.672; and 169.755; and Minnesota
Statutes 1983 Supplement, section 168.46, are repealed.
Approved April 25, 1984
Official Publication of the State of Minnesota
Revisor of Statutes