MINNESOTA COURT RULES

JUVENILE COURT

Minnesota Rules of Juvenile Delinquency Procedure

Rule 4.Warrants

4.01Search Warrants Upon Oral Testimony

Issuance of search warrants based on oral testimony is governed by Minn. R. Crim. P. 33.04 and 36, except as modified by this Rule. If the focus of the warrant pertains to a juvenile, the court may designate on the warrant that it shall be filed in the juvenile court. When so designated, the warrant, the certified transcript of the oral application for the warrant, any longhand verbatim record, and any related documents shall be deemed to be a juvenile court record under Rule 30.

(Added effective for all juveniles taken into custody and all juvenile delinquency actions commenced or children taken into custody after 12 o'clock midnight September 1, 2003; amended effective for all delinquency actions commenced or children taken into custody after 12 o'clock midnight January 1, 2011; amended effective July 1, 2015.)

4.02Search Warrants Upon Written Application

Issuance of search warrants based upon written application is governed by Minnesota Statutes, sections 626.04 to 626.18, and Minn. R. Crim. P. 33.04, 33.05, and 37, except as modified by this Rule. If the focus of the warrant pertains to a juvenile, the court may designate on the warrant that it shall be filed in the juvenile court. When so designated, the search warrant, warrant application, affidavit(s) or other supporting documents and inventories, including statements of unsuccessful execution and documents required to be served shall be deemed to be a juvenile court record under Rule 30.

(Added effective for all juveniles taken into custody and all juvenile delinquency actions commenced or children taken into custody after 12 o'clock midnight September 1, 2003; amended effective July 1, 2015; amended effective October 1, 2016.)

4.03Warrants for Immediate Custody

Subdivision 1. Probable Cause Required.

Probable cause may be established as authorized by Rule 6.05.

Subd. 2.Warrant for Delinquent Offenders.

The court may issue a warrant for immediate custody of a delinquent child or a child alleged to be delinquent if the court finds that there is probable cause to believe that the child has committed a delinquent act as defined by Minnesota Statutes, section 260B.007, subdivision 6, and:

(A) the child failed to appear after having been personally served with a summons or subpoena, or reasonable efforts to personally serve the child have failed, or there is a substantial likelihood that the child will fail to respond to a summons; or

(B) the child or others are in danger of imminent harm; or

(C) the child has left the custody of the detaining authority without permission of the court; or

(D) the child has violated a court order; or

(E) the child has violated the terms of probation.

Subd. 3.Warrant for Juvenile Petty or Traffic Offenders.

The court may only issue a warrant for immediate custody of a juvenile petty or juvenile traffic offender or a child alleged to be a juvenile petty or juvenile traffic offender if the court finds that there is probable cause to believe that:

(A) the child has committed a juvenile petty offense as defined by Minnesota Statutes, section 260B.007, subdivision 16, or a juvenile traffic offense as defined by Minnesota Statutes, section 260B.225; and

(B) the child failed to appear after having been personally served with a summons or subpoena, reasonable efforts to personally serve the child have failed, or there is a substantial likelihood that the child will fail to respond to a summons.

Subd. 4.Contents of Warrant for Immediate Custody.

A warrant for immediate custody shall be signed by a judge and shall:

(A) order the child to be brought immediately before the court or the child to be taken to a detention facility in accordance with Rule 5.02, subdivisions 3 and 4, to be detained pending a detention hearing or the child to be transferred to an individual or agency, including but not limited to any welfare agency or hospital as the welfare of the child might require;

(B) state the name and address of the child, or if unknown, designate the child by any name or description by which the child can be identified with reasonable certainty;

(C) state the age and sex of the child, or, if the age of the child is unknown, that the child is believed to be of an age subject to the jurisdiction of the court;

(D) state the reasons why the child is being taken into custody;

(E) where applicable, state the reasons for a limitation on the time or location of the execution of the warrant; and

(F) state the date when issued, and the county and court where issued.

Subd. 5.Who May Execute.

The warrant for immediate custody may only be executed by a peace officer authorized by law to execute a warrant.

Subd. 6.How Executed.

The warrant for immediate custody shall be executed by taking the child into custody.

Subd. 7.Where Executed.

The warrant for immediate custody may be executed at any place in the state except where prohibited by law, unless the judge who issues the warrant limits in writing on the warrant the location where the warrant may be executed.

Subd. 8.When Executed.

A warrant may be executed at any time unless the judge who issues the warrant limits in writing on the warrant the time during which the warrant may be executed. If the offense is a delinquency misdemeanor, juvenile petty offense or juvenile traffic offense, the child may not be taken into custody on Sunday or between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 8:00 a.m. on any other day except by direction of the judge.

Subd. 9.Possession of Warrant.

A warrant for immediate custody need not be in the peace officer's possession at the time the child is taken into custody.

Subd. 10.Advisory.

When a warrant is executed, the child and the child's parent(s), legal guardian or legal custodian, if present, shall immediately be informed of the existence of the warrant for immediate custody and as soon as possible of the reasons why the child is being taken into custody.

(Amended December 12, 1997, for all juvenile actions commenced or arrests made on or after 12:00 o'clock midnight January 1, 1998; amended effective for all juveniles taken into custody and all juvenile delinquency actions commenced or children taken into custody after 12 o'clock midnight September 1, 2003; amended effective for all delinquency actions commenced or children taken into custody after 12 o'clock midnight January 1, 2008; amended effective July 1, 2015.)

Comment--Rule 4

If the child fails to appear in response to a summons without reasonable cause, then the court may issue a warrant to take the child into immediate custody pursuant to Minn. R. Juv. Del. P. 4.03 subd 2. See Minnesota Statutes 2002, section 260B.154. Probable cause is required for every warrant issued. Before the court may issue a warrant, it shall make a finding of probable cause based on the contents of the charging document, any supporting documents or sworn supplemental testimony to believe that the child committed an act governed by Minnesota Statutes, section 260B.007, subdivision 6 or 16, or Minnesota Statutes, section 260B.225. In addition, the court must also find either that the summons was personally served on the child and the child failed to appear, that service will be ineffectual, or, for a delinquent child or child alleged to be delinquent, that there is a substantial likelihood that the child will not respond to a summons, or that the child or others are in danger of imminent harm. Minnesota Statutes 2002, section 260B.154.

Minn. R. Juv. Del. P. 4.03 subd 4 prescribes the contents of the warrant. When a child is taken into custody, a detention hearing shall commence pursuant to Minn. R. Juv. Del. P. 5.07 within thirty-six (36) hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, or within twenty-four hours, excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, if the child is detained in an adult jail or municipal lockup.

Under Minn. R. Juv. Del. P. 4.03 subd 5, a warrant may be executed only by a peace officer. Limitations on the manner of execution are the same as those set out in Minn. R. Crim. P. 3.03 subd 3 for adults where the offense charged is a misdemeanor or non-criminal offense. The minor nature of delinquency misdemeanors, juvenile petty and juvenile traffic offenses should not ordinarily justify taking a child into immediate custody during the prescribed period of time.