SF 77

1st Engrossment - 80th Legislature (1997 - 1998) Posted on 12/15/2009 12:00am

  1.1                          A bill for an act
  1.2             relating to crimes; lowering the per se standard for 
  1.3             alcohol concentration from 0.10 to 0.08 for adults, 
  1.4             and to 0.04 for persons under 21 years of age, for 
  1.5             driving motor vehicles, snowmobiles, all-terrain 
  1.6             vehicles, and motorboats while impaired, as well as 
  1.7             for criminal vehicular operation and hunting; amending 
  1.8             Minnesota Statutes 1996, sections 84.91, subdivision 
  1.9             1; 84.911, subdivision 1; 86B.331, subdivisions 1 and 
  1.10            4; 86B.335, subdivision 1; 97B.065, subdivision 1; 
  1.11            97B.066, subdivision 1; 169.121, subdivisions 1, 2, 3, 
  1.12            and 10a; 169.123, subdivisions 2, 4, 5a, and 6; and 
  1.13            609.21, subdivisions 1, 2, 2a, 2b, 3, 4, and 4a. 
  1.14  BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA: 
  1.15     Section 1.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 84.91, 
  1.16  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
  1.17     Subdivision 1.  [ACTS PROHIBITED.] (a) No person shall 
  1.18  operate or be in physical control of any snowmobile or 
  1.19  all-terrain vehicle anywhere in this state or on the ice of any 
  1.20  boundary water of this state: 
  1.21     (1) when the person is under the influence of alcohol; 
  1.22     (2) when the person is under the influence of a controlled 
  1.23  substance, as defined in section 152.01, subdivision 4; 
  1.24     (3) when the person is under the influence of a combination 
  1.25  of any two or more of the elements named in clauses (1), (2), 
  1.26  and (6) (7); 
  1.27     (4) when the person's alcohol concentration is 0.10 0.08 or 
  1.28  more; 
  1.29     (5) when the person's alcohol concentration as measured 
  2.1   within two hours of the time of operating is 0.10 0.08 or more; 
  2.2   or 
  2.3      (6) when the person's alcohol concentration is 0.04 or more 
  2.4   at the time of operating, or as measured within two hours of the 
  2.5   time of operating, if the person is under the age of 21 years at 
  2.6   the time of the violation; or 
  2.7      (7) when the person is knowingly under the influence of any 
  2.8   chemical compound or combination of chemical compounds that is 
  2.9   listed as a hazardous substance in rules adopted under section 
  2.10  182.655 and that affects the nervous system, brain, or muscles 
  2.11  of the person so as to substantially impair the person's ability 
  2.12  to operate the snowmobile or all-terrain vehicle.  
  2.13     (b) No owner or other person having charge or control of 
  2.14  any snowmobile or all-terrain vehicle shall authorize or permit 
  2.15  any individual the person knows or has reason to believe is 
  2.16  under the influence of alcohol or a controlled substance or 
  2.17  other substance, as provided under paragraph (a), to operate the 
  2.18  snowmobile or all-terrain vehicle anywhere in this state or on 
  2.19  the ice of any boundary water of this state. 
  2.20     (c) No owner or other person having charge or control of 
  2.21  any snowmobile or all-terrain vehicle shall knowingly authorize 
  2.22  or permit any person, who by reason of any physical or mental 
  2.23  disability is incapable of operating the vehicle, to operate the 
  2.24  snowmobile or all-terrain vehicle anywhere in this state or on 
  2.25  the ice of any boundary water of this state. 
  2.26     Sec. 2.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 84.911, 
  2.27  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
  2.28     Subdivision 1.  [MANDATORY CHEMICAL TESTING.] A person who 
  2.29  operates or is in physical control of a snowmobile or 
  2.30  all-terrain vehicle anywhere in this state or on the ice of any 
  2.31  boundary water of this state is required, subject to the 
  2.32  provisions of this section, to take or submit to a test of the 
  2.33  person's blood, breath, or urine for the purpose of determining 
  2.34  the presence and amount of alcohol or a controlled substance.  
  2.35  The test shall be administered at the direction of an officer 
  2.36  authorized to make arrests under section 84.91, subdivision 2.  
  3.1   Taking or submitting to the test is mandatory when requested by 
  3.2   an officer who has probable cause to believe the person was 
  3.3   operating or in physical control of a snowmobile or all-terrain 
  3.4   vehicle in violation of section 84.91, subdivision 1, paragraph 
  3.5   (a), and one of the following conditions exists: 
  3.6      (1) the person has been lawfully placed under arrest for 
  3.7   violating section 84.91, subdivision 1, paragraph (a); 
  3.8      (2) the person has been involved while operating a 
  3.9   snowmobile or all-terrain vehicle in an accident resulting in 
  3.10  property damage, personal injury, or death; 
  3.11     (3) the person has refused to take the preliminary 
  3.12  screening test provided for in section 84.91, subdivision 3; or 
  3.13     (4) the screening test was administered and indicated an 
  3.14  alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or more; or 
  3.15     (5) the screening test was administered and indicated an 
  3.16  alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if the person is under 
  3.17  the age of 21 years at the time of the violation. 
  3.18     Sec. 3.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 86B.331, 
  3.19  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
  3.20     Subdivision 1.  [ACTS PROHIBITED.] (a) A person may not 
  3.21  operate or be in physical control of a motorboat in operation on 
  3.22  the waters of this state: 
  3.23     (1) when the person is under the influence of alcohol; 
  3.24     (2) when the person is under the influence of a controlled 
  3.25  substance, as defined in section 152.01, subdivision 4; 
  3.26     (3) when the person is under the influence of a combination 
  3.27  of any two or more of the elements named in clauses (1), (2), 
  3.28  and (6) (7); 
  3.29     (4) when the person's alcohol concentration is 0.10 0.08 or 
  3.30  more; 
  3.31     (5) when the person's alcohol concentration as measured 
  3.32  within two hours of the time of operating is 0.10 0.08 or more; 
  3.33  or 
  3.34     (6) when the person's alcohol concentration is 0.04 or more 
  3.35  at the time of operating, or as measured within two hours of the 
  3.36  time of operating, if the person is under the age of 21 years at 
  4.1   the time of the violation; or 
  4.2      (7) when the person is knowingly under the influence of any 
  4.3   chemical compound or combination of chemical compounds that is 
  4.4   listed as a hazardous substance in rules adopted under section 
  4.5   182.655 and that affects the nervous system, brain, or muscles 
  4.6   of the person so as to substantially impair the person's ability 
  4.7   to operate the motorboat.  
  4.8      (b) An owner or other person having charge or control of a 
  4.9   motorboat may not authorize or allow an individual the person 
  4.10  knows or has reason to believe is under the influence of alcohol 
  4.11  or a controlled or other substance, as provided under paragraph 
  4.12  (a), to operate the motorboat in operation on the waters of this 
  4.13  state. 
  4.14     (c) An owner or other person having charge or control of a 
  4.15  motorboat may not knowingly authorize or allow a person, who by 
  4.16  reason of a physical or mental disability is incapable of 
  4.17  operating the motorboat, to operate the motorboat in operation 
  4.18  on the waters of this state.  
  4.19     (d) For purposes of this subdivision, a motorboat "in 
  4.20  operation" does not include a motorboat that is anchored, 
  4.21  beached, or securely fastened to a dock or other permanent 
  4.22  mooring. 
  4.23     Sec. 4.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 86B.331, 
  4.24  subdivision 4, is amended to read: 
  4.25     Subd. 4.  [EVIDENCE.] (a) Upon the trial of a prosecution 
  4.26  arising out of acts alleged to have been committed by a person 
  4.27  arrested for operating or being in physical control of a 
  4.28  motorboat in violation of subdivision 1, paragraph (a), or an 
  4.29  ordinance in conformity with it, the court may admit evidence of 
  4.30  the amount of alcohol or a controlled substance in the person's 
  4.31  blood, breath, or urine as shown by an analysis of those items. 
  4.32     (b) Except for persons alleged to have violated subdivision 
  4.33  1, paragraph (a), clause (6), for the purposes of this 
  4.34  subdivision: 
  4.35     (1) evidence that there was at the time an alcohol 
  4.36  concentration of 0.05 or less is prima facie evidence that the 
  5.1   person was not under the influence of alcohol; and 
  5.2      (2) evidence that there was at the time an alcohol 
  5.3   concentration of more than 0.05 and less than 0.10 0.08 is 
  5.4   relevant evidence in indicating whether or not the person was 
  5.5   under the influence of alcohol. 
  5.6      (c) Evidence of the refusal to take a preliminary screening 
  5.7   test required under subdivision 3 or a chemical test required 
  5.8   under section 86B.335 is admissible into evidence in a 
  5.9   prosecution under this section or an ordinance in conformity 
  5.10  with it. 
  5.11     (d) This subdivision does not limit the introduction of 
  5.12  other competent evidence bearing upon the question of whether or 
  5.13  not the person violated this section, including tests obtained 
  5.14  more than two hours after the alleged violation and results 
  5.15  obtained from partial tests on an infrared breath-testing 
  5.16  instrument.  A result from a partial test is the measurement 
  5.17  obtained by analyzing one adequate breath sample.  A sample is 
  5.18  adequate if the instrument analyzes the sample and does not 
  5.19  indicate the sample is deficient.  
  5.20     (e) If proven by a preponderance of the evidence, it shall 
  5.21  be an affirmative defense to a violation of subdivision 1, 
  5.22  paragraph (a), clause clauses (5) and (6), that the defendant 
  5.23  consumed a sufficient quantity of alcohol after the time of 
  5.24  operating or being in physical control of a motorboat and before 
  5.25  the administration of the evidentiary test to cause the 
  5.26  defendant's alcohol concentration to exceed 0.10 0.08 or, if the 
  5.27  person is under the age of 21, to exceed 0.04.  Provided, that 
  5.28  this evidence may not be admitted unless notice is given to the 
  5.29  prosecution prior to the omnibus or pretrial hearing in the 
  5.30  matter. 
  5.31     Sec. 5.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 86B.335, 
  5.32  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
  5.33     Subdivision 1.  [CHEMICAL TESTING.] A person who operates 
  5.34  or is in physical control of a motorboat in operation on the 
  5.35  waters of this state is required, subject to the provisions of 
  5.36  this section, to take or submit to a test of the person's blood, 
  6.1   breath, or urine for the purpose of determining the presence and 
  6.2   amount of alcohol or a controlled substance.  A motorboat "in 
  6.3   operation" does not include a motorboat that is anchored, 
  6.4   beached, or securely fastened to a dock or other permanent 
  6.5   mooring.  The test shall be administered at the direction of an 
  6.6   officer authorized to make arrests under section 86B.331, 
  6.7   subdivision 2.  Taking or submitting to the test is mandatory 
  6.8   when requested by an officer who has probable cause to believe 
  6.9   the person was operating or in physical control of a motorboat 
  6.10  in violation of section 86B.331, subdivision 1, paragraph (a), 
  6.11  and one of the following conditions exist: 
  6.12     (1) the person has been lawfully placed under arrest for 
  6.13  violating section 86B.331, subdivision 1, paragraph (a); 
  6.14     (2) the person has been involved in a motorboat accident 
  6.15  resulting in property damage, personal injury, or death; 
  6.16     (3) the person has refused to take the preliminary 
  6.17  screening test provided for in section 86B.331, subdivision 3; 
  6.18  or 
  6.19     (4) the screening test was administered and indicated an 
  6.20  alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or more; or 
  6.21     (5) the screening test was administered and indicated an 
  6.22  alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if the person is under 
  6.23  the age of 21 years at the time of the violation. 
  6.24     Sec. 6.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 97B.065, 
  6.25  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
  6.26     Subdivision 1.  [ACTS PROHIBITED.] (a) A person may not 
  6.27  take wild animals with a firearm or by archery:  
  6.28     (1) when the person is under the influence of alcohol; 
  6.29     (2) when the person is under the influence of a controlled 
  6.30  substance, as defined in section 152.01, subdivision 4; 
  6.31     (3) when the person is under the influence of a combination 
  6.32  of any two or more of the elements in clauses (1) and, (2) and 
  6.33  (7); 
  6.34     (4) when the person's alcohol concentration is 0.10 0.08 or 
  6.35  more; 
  6.36     (5) when the person's alcohol concentration as measured 
  7.1   within two hours of the time of taking is 0.10 0.08 or more; or 
  7.2      (6) when the person's alcohol concentration is 0.04 or more 
  7.3   at the time of taking, or as measured within two hours of the 
  7.4   time of taking, if the person is under the age of 21 years at 
  7.5   the time of the violation; or 
  7.6      (7) when the person is knowingly under the influence of any 
  7.7   chemical compound or combination of chemical compounds that is 
  7.8   listed as a hazardous substance in rules adopted under section 
  7.9   182.655 and that affects the nervous system, brain, or muscles 
  7.10  of the person so as to substantially impair the person's ability 
  7.11  to operate a firearm or bow and arrow. 
  7.12     (b) An owner or other person having charge or control of a 
  7.13  firearm or bow and arrow may not authorize or permit an 
  7.14  individual the person knows or has reason to believe is under 
  7.15  the influence of alcohol or a controlled substance, as provided 
  7.16  under paragraph (a), to possess the firearm or bow and arrow in 
  7.17  this state or on a boundary water of this state. 
  7.18     Sec. 7.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 97B.066, 
  7.19  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
  7.20     Subdivision 1.  [MANDATORY CHEMICAL TESTING.] A person who 
  7.21  takes wild animals with a bow or firearm in this state or on a 
  7.22  boundary water of this state is required, subject to the 
  7.23  provisions of this section, to take or submit to a test of the 
  7.24  person's blood, breath, or urine for the purpose of determining 
  7.25  the presence and amount of alcohol or a controlled substance.  
  7.26  The test shall be administered at the direction of an officer 
  7.27  authorized to make arrests under section 97B.065, subdivision 
  7.28  2.  Taking or submitting to the test is mandatory when requested 
  7.29  by an officer who has probable cause to believe the person was 
  7.30  hunting in violation of section 97B.065, subdivision 1, 
  7.31  paragraph (a), and one of the following conditions exists: 
  7.32     (1) the person has been lawfully placed under arrest for 
  7.33  violating section 97B.065, subdivision 1, paragraph (a); 
  7.34     (2) the person has been involved while hunting in an 
  7.35  accident resulting in property damage, personal injury, or 
  7.36  death; 
  8.1      (3) the person has refused to take the preliminary 
  8.2   screening test provided for in section 97B.065, subdivision 3; 
  8.3   or 
  8.4      (4) the screening test was administered and indicated an 
  8.5   alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or more; or 
  8.6      (5) the screening test was administered and indicated an 
  8.7   alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if the person is under 
  8.8   the age of 21 years at the time of the violation. 
  8.9      Sec. 8.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 169.121, 
  8.10  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
  8.11     Subdivision 1.  [CRIME; ACTS PROHIBITED.] It is a crime for 
  8.12  any person to drive, operate, or be in physical control of any 
  8.13  motor vehicle within this state or upon the ice of any boundary 
  8.14  water of this state under any of the following circumstances: 
  8.15     (a) when the person is under the influence of alcohol; 
  8.16     (b) when the person is under the influence of a controlled 
  8.17  substance; 
  8.18     (c) when the person is under the influence of a combination 
  8.19  of any two or more of the elements named in clauses (a), (b), 
  8.20  and (f) (g); 
  8.21     (d) when the person's alcohol concentration is 0.10 0.08 or 
  8.22  more; 
  8.23     (e) when the person's alcohol concentration as measured 
  8.24  within two hours of the time of driving, operating, or being in 
  8.25  physical control of the motor vehicle is 0.10 0.08 or more; 
  8.26     (f) when the person's alcohol concentration is 0.04 or more 
  8.27  at the time of driving, operating, or being in physical control 
  8.28  of the motor vehicle, or as measured within two hours of the 
  8.29  time of driving, operating, or being in physical control of the 
  8.30  motor vehicle, if the person is under the age of 21 years at the 
  8.31  time of the violation; 
  8.32     (g) when the person is knowingly under the influence of a 
  8.33  hazardous substance that affects the nervous system, brain, or 
  8.34  muscles of the person so as to substantially impair the person's 
  8.35  ability to drive or operate the motor vehicle; or 
  8.36     (g) (h) when the person's body contains any amount of a 
  9.1   controlled substance listed in schedule I or II other than 
  9.2   marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols. 
  9.3      Sec. 9.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 169.121, 
  9.4   subdivision 2, is amended to read: 
  9.5      Subd. 2.  [EVIDENCE.] (a) Upon the trial of any prosecution 
  9.6   arising out of acts alleged to have been committed by any person 
  9.7   arrested for driving, operating, or being in physical control of 
  9.8   a motor vehicle in violation of subdivision 1, the court may 
  9.9   admit evidence of the presence or amount of alcohol, controlled 
  9.10  substances, or hazardous substances in the person's blood, 
  9.11  breath, or urine as shown by an analysis of those items. 
  9.12     (b) For the purposes of this subdivision, evidence that 
  9.13  there was at the time an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more 
  9.14  is relevant evidence in indicating whether or not the person was 
  9.15  under the influence of alcohol. 
  9.16     (c) Evidence of the refusal to take a test is admissible 
  9.17  into evidence in a prosecution under this section or an 
  9.18  ordinance in conformity with it.  
  9.19     (d) If proven by a preponderance of the evidence, it shall 
  9.20  be an affirmative defense to a violation of subdivision 1, 
  9.21  clause clauses (e) and (f), that the defendant consumed a 
  9.22  sufficient quantity of alcohol after the time of actual driving, 
  9.23  operating, or being in physical control of a motor vehicle and 
  9.24  before the administration of the evidentiary test to cause the 
  9.25  defendant's alcohol concentration to exceed 0.10 0.08 or, if the 
  9.26  person is under the age of 21, to exceed 0.04.  Evidence that 
  9.27  the defendant consumed alcohol after the time of actual driving, 
  9.28  operating, or being in physical control of a motor vehicle may 
  9.29  not be admitted in defense to any alleged violation of this 
  9.30  section unless notice is given to the prosecution prior to the 
  9.31  omnibus or pretrial hearing in the matter. 
  9.32     (e) If proven by a preponderance of the evidence, it shall 
  9.33  be an affirmative defense to a violation of subdivision 1, 
  9.34  clause (g) (h), that the defendant used the controlled substance 
  9.35  according to the terms of a prescription issued for the 
  9.36  defendant in accordance with sections 152.11 and 152.12.  
 10.1      (f) The preceding provisions do not limit the introduction 
 10.2   of any other competent evidence bearing upon the question of 
 10.3   whether the person violated this section, including tests 
 10.4   obtained more than two hours after the alleged violation and 
 10.5   results obtained from partial tests on an infrared 
 10.6   breath-testing instrument.  A result from a partial test is the 
 10.7   measurement obtained by analyzing one adequate breath sample, as 
 10.8   defined in section 169.123, subdivision 2b, paragraph (b). 
 10.9      Sec. 10.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 169.121, 
 10.10  subdivision 3, is amended to read: 
 10.11     Subd. 3.  [CRIMINAL PENALTIES.] (a) As used in this 
 10.12  subdivision:  
 10.13     (1) "prior impaired driving conviction" means a prior 
 10.14  conviction under this section; section 84.91, subdivision 1, 
 10.15  paragraph (a); 86B.331, subdivision 1, paragraph (a); 169.129; 
 10.16  360.0752; 609.21, subdivision 1, clauses (2) to (6) (7); 609.21, 
 10.17  subdivision 2, clauses (2) to (6) (7); 609.21, subdivision 2a, 
 10.18  clauses (2) to (6) (7); 609.21, subdivision 2b, clauses (2) 
 10.19  to (6) (7); 609.21, subdivision 3, clauses (2) to (6) (7); 
 10.20  609.21, subdivision 4, clauses (2) to (6) (7); or an ordinance 
 10.21  from this state, or a statute or ordinance from another state in 
 10.22  conformity with any of them.  A prior impaired driving 
 10.23  conviction also includes a prior juvenile adjudication that 
 10.24  would have been a prior impaired driving conviction if committed 
 10.25  by an adult; and 
 10.26     (2) "prior license revocation" means a driver's license 
 10.27  suspension, revocation, or cancellation under this section; 
 10.28  section 169.123; 171.04; 171.14; 171.16; 171.17; or 171.18 
 10.29  because of an alcohol-related incident; 609.21, subdivision 1, 
 10.30  clauses (2) to (6) (7); 609.21, subdivision 2, clauses (2) 
 10.31  to (6) (7); 609.21, subdivision 2a, clauses (2) to (6) (7); 
 10.32  609.21, subdivision 2b, clauses (2) to (6) (7); 609.21, 
 10.33  subdivision 3, clauses (2) to (6) (7); or 609.21, subdivision 4, 
 10.34  clauses (2) to (6) (7); or an ordinance from this state, or a 
 10.35  statute or ordinance from another state in conformity with any 
 10.36  of them. 
 11.1      (b) A person who violates subdivision 1 or 1a, or an 
 11.2   ordinance in conformity with either of them, is guilty of a 
 11.3   misdemeanor. 
 11.4      (c) A person is guilty of a gross misdemeanor under any of 
 11.5   the following circumstances: 
 11.6      (1) the person violates subdivision 1 within five years of 
 11.7   a prior impaired driving conviction, or within ten years of the 
 11.8   first of two or more prior impaired driving convictions; 
 11.9      (2) the person violates subdivision 1a within five years of 
 11.10  a prior license revocation, or within ten years of the first of 
 11.11  two or more prior license revocations; 
 11.12     (3) the person violates section 169.26 while in violation 
 11.13  of subdivision 1; or 
 11.14     (4) the person violates subdivision 1 or 1a while a child 
 11.15  under the age of 16 is in the vehicle, if the child is more than 
 11.16  36 months younger than the violator. 
 11.17     (d) The attorney in the jurisdiction in which the violation 
 11.18  occurred who is responsible for prosecution of misdemeanor 
 11.19  violations of this section shall also be responsible for 
 11.20  prosecution of gross misdemeanor violations of this section. 
 11.21     (e) The court must impose consecutive sentences when it 
 11.22  sentences a person for a violation of this section or section 
 11.23  169.129 arising out of separate behavioral incidents.  The court 
 11.24  also must impose a consecutive sentence when it sentences a 
 11.25  person for a violation of this section or section 169.129 and 
 11.26  the person, at the time of sentencing, is on probation for, or 
 11.27  serving, an executed sentence for a violation of this section or 
 11.28  section 169.129 and the prior sentence involved a separate 
 11.29  behavioral incident.  The court also may order that the sentence 
 11.30  imposed for a violation of this section or section 169.129 shall 
 11.31  run consecutively to a previously imposed misdemeanor, gross 
 11.32  misdemeanor or felony sentence for a violation other than this 
 11.33  section or section 169.129. 
 11.34     (f) The court may impose consecutive sentences for offenses 
 11.35  arising out of a single course of conduct as permitted in 
 11.36  section 609.035, subdivision 2.  
 12.1      (g) When an attorney responsible for prosecuting gross 
 12.2   misdemeanors under this section requests criminal history 
 12.3   information relating to prior impaired driving convictions from 
 12.4   a court, the court must furnish the information without charge. 
 12.5      (h) A violation of subdivision 1a may be prosecuted either 
 12.6   in the jurisdiction where the arresting officer observed the 
 12.7   defendant driving, operating, or in control of the motor vehicle 
 12.8   or in the jurisdiction where the refusal occurred. 
 12.9      Sec. 11.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 169.121, 
 12.10  subdivision 10a, is amended to read: 
 12.11     Subd. 10a.  [CIVIL ACTION; PUNITIVE DAMAGES.] In a civil 
 12.12  action involving a motor vehicle accident, it is sufficient for 
 12.13  the trier of fact to consider an award of punitive damages if 
 12.14  there is evidence that the accident was caused by a driver: 
 12.15     (1) with an alcohol concentration of .10 0.08 or more; 
 12.16     (2) who was under the influence of a controlled substance; 
 12.17     (3) who was under the influence of alcohol and refused to 
 12.18  take a test required under section 169.123, subdivision 2; or 
 12.19     (4) who was knowingly under the influence of a hazardous 
 12.20  substance that substantially affects the person's nervous 
 12.21  system, brain, or muscles so as to impair the person's ability 
 12.22  to drive or operate a motor vehicle. 
 12.23     A criminal charge or conviction is not a prerequisite to 
 12.24  consideration of punitive damages under this subdivision.  At 
 12.25  the trial in an action where the trier of fact will consider an 
 12.26  award of punitive damages, evidence that the driver has been 
 12.27  convicted of violating this section, section 169.129, or 609.21 
 12.28  is admissible into evidence. 
 12.29     Sec. 12.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 169.123, 
 12.30  subdivision 2, is amended to read: 
 12.31     Subd. 2.  [IMPLIED CONSENT; CONDITIONS; ELECTION OF TEST.] 
 12.32  (a) Any person who drives, operates, or is in physical control 
 12.33  of a motor vehicle within this state or upon the ice of any 
 12.34  boundary water of this state consents, subject to the provisions 
 12.35  of this section and sections 169.121 and 169.1211, to a chemical 
 12.36  test of that person's blood, breath, or urine for the purpose of 
 13.1   determining the presence of alcohol, controlled substances, or 
 13.2   hazardous substances.  The test shall be administered at the 
 13.3   direction of a peace officer.  The test may be required of a 
 13.4   person when an officer has probable cause to believe the person 
 13.5   was driving, operating, or in physical control of a motor 
 13.6   vehicle in violation of section 169.121 and one of the following 
 13.7   conditions exist: 
 13.8      (1) the person has been lawfully placed under arrest for 
 13.9   violation of section 169.121, or an ordinance in conformity with 
 13.10  it; 
 13.11     (2) the person has been involved in a motor vehicle 
 13.12  accident or collision resulting in property damage, personal 
 13.13  injury, or death; 
 13.14     (3) the person has refused to take the screening test 
 13.15  provided for by section 169.121, subdivision 6; or 
 13.16     (4) the screening test was administered and indicated an 
 13.17  alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or more; or 
 13.18     (5) the screening test was administered and indicated an 
 13.19  alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if the person is under 
 13.20  the age of 21 years at the time of the violation.  
 13.21     The test may also be required of a person when an officer 
 13.22  has probable cause to believe the person was driving, operating, 
 13.23  or in physical control of a commercial motor vehicle with the 
 13.24  presence of any alcohol. 
 13.25     (b) At the time a test is requested, the person shall be 
 13.26  informed: 
 13.27     (1) that Minnesota law requires the person to take a test: 
 13.28  (i) to determine if the person is under the influence of 
 13.29  alcohol, controlled substances, or hazardous substances; (ii) to 
 13.30  determine the presence of a controlled substance listed in 
 13.31  schedule I or II, other than marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols; 
 13.32  and (iii) if the motor vehicle was a commercial motor vehicle, 
 13.33  to determine the presence of alcohol; 
 13.34     (2) that refusal to take a test is a crime; 
 13.35     (3) if the peace officer has probable cause to believe the 
 13.36  person has violated the criminal vehicular homicide and injury 
 14.1   laws, that a test will be taken with or without the person's 
 14.2   consent; and 
 14.3      (4) that the person has the right to consult with an 
 14.4   attorney, but that this right is limited to the extent that it 
 14.5   cannot unreasonably delay administration of the test. 
 14.6      (c) The peace officer who requires a test pursuant to this 
 14.7   subdivision may direct whether the test shall be of blood, 
 14.8   breath, or urine.  Action may be taken against a person who 
 14.9   refuses to take a blood test only if an alternative test was 
 14.10  offered and action may be taken against a person who refuses to 
 14.11  take a urine test only if an alternative test was offered. 
 14.12     Sec. 13.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 169.123, 
 14.13  subdivision 4, is amended to read: 
 14.14     Subd. 4.  [REFUSAL; REVOCATION OF LICENSE.] (a) If a person 
 14.15  refuses to permit a test, none shall be given, but the peace 
 14.16  officer shall report the refusal to the commissioner of public 
 14.17  safety and the authority having responsibility for prosecution 
 14.18  of misdemeanor offenses for the jurisdiction in which the acts 
 14.19  occurred.  However, if a peace officer has probable cause to 
 14.20  believe that the person has violated section 609.21, a test may 
 14.21  be required and obtained despite the person's refusal.  A 
 14.22  refusal to submit to an alcohol concentration test does not 
 14.23  constitute a violation of section 609.50, unless the refusal was 
 14.24  accompanied by force or violence or the threat of force or 
 14.25  violence.  
 14.26     (b) If a person submits to a test and, the results of that 
 14.27  test shall be reported to the commissioner of public safety and 
 14.28  to the authority having responsibility for prosecution of 
 14.29  misdemeanor offenses for the jurisdiction in which the acts 
 14.30  occurred, if the test results indicate: 
 14.31     (1) an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or more; 
 14.32     (2) an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if the person 
 14.33  is under the age of 21 years at the time of the violation; 
 14.34     (3) an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if the person 
 14.35  was driving, operating, or in physical control of a commercial 
 14.36  motor vehicle at the time of the violation; or 
 15.1      (4) the presence of a controlled substance listed in 
 15.2   schedule I or II, other than marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols, 
 15.3   or if a person was driving, operating, or in physical control of 
 15.4   a commercial motor vehicle and the test results indicate an 
 15.5   alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, the results of the test 
 15.6   shall be reported to the commissioner of public safety and to 
 15.7   the authority having responsibility for prosecution of 
 15.8   misdemeanor offenses for the jurisdiction in which the acts 
 15.9   occurred. 
 15.10     (c) Upon certification by the peace officer that there 
 15.11  existed probable cause to believe the person had been driving, 
 15.12  operating, or in physical control of a motor vehicle in 
 15.13  violation of section 169.121 and that the person refused to 
 15.14  submit to a test, the commissioner of public safety shall revoke 
 15.15  the person's license or permit to drive, or nonresident 
 15.16  operating privilege, for a period of one year even if a test was 
 15.17  obtained pursuant to this section after the person refused to 
 15.18  submit to testing.  
 15.19     (d) Upon certification by the peace officer that there 
 15.20  existed probable cause to believe the person had been driving, 
 15.21  operating, or in physical control of a commercial motor vehicle 
 15.22  with the presence of any alcohol in violation of section 169.121 
 15.23  or 169.1211, and that the person refused to submit to a test, 
 15.24  the commissioner shall disqualify the person from operating a 
 15.25  commercial motor vehicle for a period of one year under section 
 15.26  171.165 and shall revoke the person's license or permit to drive 
 15.27  or nonresident operating privilege for a period of one year.  
 15.28     (e) Upon certification by the peace officer that there 
 15.29  existed probable cause to believe the person had been driving, 
 15.30  operating, or in physical control of a motor vehicle in 
 15.31  violation of section 169.121 and that the person submitted to a 
 15.32  test and the test results indicate: an alcohol concentration of 
 15.33  0.10 0.08 or more; an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if 
 15.34  the person is under the age of 21 years at the time of the 
 15.35  violation; or the presence of a controlled substance listed in 
 15.36  schedule I or II, other than marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols, 
 16.1   then the commissioner of public safety shall revoke the person's 
 16.2   license or permit to drive, or nonresident operating privilege: 
 16.3      (1) for a period of 90 days; or 
 16.4      (2) if the person is under the age of 21 years, for a 
 16.5   period of six months; or 
 16.6      (3) for a person with a prior impaired driving conviction 
 16.7   or prior license revocation within the past five years, for a 
 16.8   period of 180 days.  
 16.9      (f) On certification by the peace officer that there 
 16.10  existed probable cause to believe the person had been driving, 
 16.11  operating, or in physical control of a commercial motor vehicle 
 16.12  with any presence of alcohol and that the person submitted to a 
 16.13  test and the test results indicated an alcohol concentration of 
 16.14  0.04 or more, the commissioner of public safety shall disqualify 
 16.15  the person from operating a commercial motor vehicle under 
 16.16  section 171.165.  
 16.17     (g) If the person is a resident without a license or permit 
 16.18  to operate a motor vehicle in this state, the commissioner of 
 16.19  public safety shall deny to the person the issuance of a license 
 16.20  or permit for the same period after the date of the alleged 
 16.21  violation as provided herein for revocation, subject to review 
 16.22  as hereinafter provided. 
 16.23     (h) As used in this subdivision, the terms "prior impaired 
 16.24  driving conviction" and "prior license revocation" have the 
 16.25  meanings given in section 169.121, subdivision 3, paragraph (a). 
 16.26     Sec. 14.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 169.123, 
 16.27  subdivision 5a, is amended to read: 
 16.28     Subd. 5a.  [TEST REFUSAL; DRIVING PRIVILEGE LOST.] (a) On 
 16.29  behalf of the commissioner of public safety, a peace officer 
 16.30  requiring a test or directing the administration of a chemical 
 16.31  test shall serve immediate notice of intention to revoke and of 
 16.32  revocation on a person who refuses to permit a test or on a 
 16.33  person who submits to a test the results of which indicate: 
 16.34     (1) an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or more; or 
 16.35     (2) an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if the person 
 16.36  is under the age of 21 years at the time of the violation.  
 17.1      (b) On behalf of the commissioner of public safety, a peace 
 17.2   officer requiring a test or directing the administration of a 
 17.3   chemical test of a person driving, operating, or in physical 
 17.4   control of a commercial motor vehicle shall serve immediate 
 17.5   notice of intention to disqualify and of disqualification on a 
 17.6   person who refuses to permit a test, or on a person who submits 
 17.7   to a test the results of which indicate an alcohol concentration 
 17.8   of 0.04 or more.  
 17.9      (c) The officer shall either: 
 17.10     (1) take the driver's license or permit, if any, send it to 
 17.11  the commissioner of public safety along with the certificate 
 17.12  required by subdivision 4, and issue a temporary license 
 17.13  effective only for seven days; or 
 17.14     (2) invalidate the driver's license or permit in such a way 
 17.15  that no identifying information is destroyed. 
 17.16     Sec. 15.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 169.123, 
 17.17  subdivision 6, is amended to read: 
 17.18     Subd. 6.  [HEARING.] (a) A hearing under this section shall 
 17.19  be before a district judge in any county in the judicial 
 17.20  district where the alleged offense occurred.  The hearing shall 
 17.21  be to the court and may be conducted at the same time and in the 
 17.22  same manner as hearings upon pretrial motions in the criminal 
 17.23  prosecution under section 169.121, if any.  The hearing shall be 
 17.24  recorded.  The commissioner of public safety shall appear and be 
 17.25  represented by the attorney general or through the prosecuting 
 17.26  authority for the jurisdiction involved.  The hearing shall be 
 17.27  held at the earliest practicable date, and in any event no later 
 17.28  than 60 days following the filing of the petition for review.  
 17.29  The judicial district administrator shall establish procedures 
 17.30  to ensure efficient compliance with this subdivision.  To 
 17.31  accomplish this, the administrator may, whenever possible, 
 17.32  consolidate and transfer review hearings among the county courts 
 17.33  within the judicial district.  
 17.34     (b) The scope of the hearing shall be limited to the issues 
 17.35  in clauses (1) to (9) (10): 
 17.36     (1) Did the peace officer have probable cause to believe 
 18.1   the person was driving, operating, or in physical control of: 
 18.2      (i) a motor vehicle in violation of section 169.121; or 
 18.3      (ii) a commercial motor vehicle in violation of section 
 18.4   169.1211? 
 18.5      (2) Was the person lawfully placed under arrest for 
 18.6   violation of section 169.121 or 169.1211? 
 18.7      (3) Was the person involved in a motor vehicle accident or 
 18.8   collision resulting in property damage, personal injury, or 
 18.9   death? 
 18.10     (4) Did the person refuse to take a screening test provided 
 18.11  for by section 169.121, subdivision 6? 
 18.12     (5) If the screening test was administered, did the test 
 18.13  indicate: 
 18.14     (i) an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or more; or 
 18.15     (ii) an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if the 
 18.16  person is under the age of 21 years at the time of the violation?
 18.17     (6) At the time of the request for the test, did the peace 
 18.18  officer inform the person of the person's rights and the 
 18.19  consequences of taking or refusing the test as required by 
 18.20  subdivision 2? 
 18.21     (7) Did the person refuse to permit the test? 
 18.22     (8) If a test was taken: 
 18.23     (i) by a person driving, operating, or in physical control 
 18.24  of a motor vehicle, did the test results indicate at the time of 
 18.25  testing: 
 18.26     (i) an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or more at the 
 18.27  time of testing; 
 18.28     (ii) an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more, if the 
 18.29  person is under the age of 21 years at the time of the 
 18.30  violation; or 
 18.31     (iii) the presence of a controlled substance listed in 
 18.32  schedule I or II, other than marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols; 
 18.33  or? 
 18.34     (ii) (9) If a test was taken by a person driving, 
 18.35  operating, or in physical control of a commercial motor vehicle, 
 18.36  did the test results indicate an alcohol concentration of 0.04 
 19.1   or more at the time of testing? 
 19.2      (9) (10) Was the testing method used valid and reliable and 
 19.3   were the test results accurately evaluated? 
 19.4      (c) It shall be an affirmative defense for the petitioner 
 19.5   to prove that, at the time of the refusal, the petitioner's 
 19.6   refusal to permit the test was based upon reasonable grounds. 
 19.7      (d) Certified or otherwise authenticated copies of 
 19.8   laboratory or medical personnel reports, records, documents, 
 19.9   licenses, and certificates shall be admissible as substantive 
 19.10  evidence.  
 19.11     (e) The court shall order that the revocation or 
 19.12  disqualification be either rescinded or sustained and forward 
 19.13  the order to the commissioner of public safety.  The court shall 
 19.14  file its order within 14 days following the hearing.  If the 
 19.15  revocation or disqualification is sustained, the court shall 
 19.16  also forward the person's driver's license or permit to the 
 19.17  commissioner of public safety for further action by the 
 19.18  commissioner of public safety if the license or permit is not 
 19.19  already in the commissioner's possession. 
 19.20     Sec. 16.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 609.21, 
 19.21  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
 19.22     Subdivision 1.  [CRIMINAL VEHICULAR HOMICIDE.] A person is 
 19.23  guilty of criminal vehicular homicide resulting in death and may 
 19.24  be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than ten years or to 
 19.25  payment of a fine of not more than $20,000, or both, if the 
 19.26  person causes the death of a human being not constituting murder 
 19.27  or manslaughter as a result of operating a motor vehicle: 
 19.28     (1) in a grossly negligent manner; 
 19.29     (2) in a negligent manner while under the influence of: 
 19.30     (i) alcohol; 
 19.31     (ii) a controlled substance; or 
 19.32     (iii) any combination of those elements; 
 19.33     (3) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 19.34  more; 
 19.35     (4) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 19.36  more, as measured within two hours of the time of driving; 
 20.1      (5) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more 
 20.2   at the time of driving, or as measured within two hours of the 
 20.3   time of driving, if the person is under the age of 21 years at 
 20.4   the time of the violation; 
 20.5      (5) (6) in a negligent manner while knowingly under the 
 20.6   influence of a hazardous substance; 
 20.7      (6) (7) in a negligent manner while any amount of a 
 20.8   controlled substance listed in schedule I or II, other than 
 20.9   marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols, is present in the person's 
 20.10  body; or 
 20.11     (7) (8) where the driver who causes the accident leaves the 
 20.12  scene of the accident in violation of section 169.09, 
 20.13  subdivision 1 or 6. 
 20.14     Sec. 17.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 609.21, 
 20.15  subdivision 2, is amended to read: 
 20.16     Subd. 2.  [RESULTING IN GREAT BODILY HARM.] A person is 
 20.17  guilty of criminal vehicular operation resulting in great bodily 
 20.18  harm and may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five 
 20.19  years or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both, 
 20.20  if the person causes great bodily harm to another, not 
 20.21  constituting attempted murder or assault, as a result of 
 20.22  operating a motor vehicle: 
 20.23     (1) in a grossly negligent manner; 
 20.24     (2) in a negligent manner while under the influence of: 
 20.25     (i) alcohol; 
 20.26     (ii) a controlled substance; or 
 20.27     (iii) any combination of those elements; 
 20.28     (3) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 20.29  more; 
 20.30     (4) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 20.31  more, as measured within two hours of the time of driving; 
 20.32     (5) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more 
 20.33  at the time of driving, or as measured within two hours of the 
 20.34  time of driving, if the person is under the age of 21 years at 
 20.35  the time of the violation; 
 20.36     (5) (6) in a negligent manner while knowingly under the 
 21.1   influence of a hazardous substance; 
 21.2      (6) (7) in a negligent manner while any amount of a 
 21.3   controlled substance listed in schedule I or II, other than 
 21.4   marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols, is present in the person's 
 21.5   body; or 
 21.6      (7) (8) where the driver who causes the accident leaves the 
 21.7   scene of the accident in violation of section 169.09, 
 21.8   subdivision 1 or 6. 
 21.9      Sec. 18.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 609.21, 
 21.10  subdivision 2a, is amended to read: 
 21.11     Subd. 2a.  [RESULTING IN SUBSTANTIAL BODILY HARM.] A person 
 21.12  is guilty of criminal vehicular operation resulting in 
 21.13  substantial bodily harm and may be sentenced to imprisonment of 
 21.14  not more than three years or to payment of a fine of not more 
 21.15  than $10,000, or both, if the person causes substantial bodily 
 21.16  harm to another, as a result of operating a motor vehicle; 
 21.17     (1) in a grossly negligent manner; 
 21.18     (2) in a negligent manner while under the influence of: 
 21.19     (i) alcohol; 
 21.20     (ii) a controlled substance; or 
 21.21     (iii) any combination of those elements; 
 21.22     (3) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 21.23  more; 
 21.24     (4) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 21.25  more, as measured within two hours of the time of driving; 
 21.26     (5) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more 
 21.27  at the time of driving, or as measured within two hours of the 
 21.28  time of driving, if the person is under the age of 21 years at 
 21.29  the time of the violation; 
 21.30     (5) (6) in a negligent manner while knowingly under the 
 21.31  influence of a hazardous substance; 
 21.32     (6) (7) in a negligent manner while any amount of a 
 21.33  controlled substance listed in schedule I or II, other than 
 21.34  marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols, is present in the person's 
 21.35  body; or 
 21.36     (7) (8) where the driver who causes the accident leaves the 
 22.1   scene of the accident in violation of section 169.09, 
 22.2   subdivision 1 or 6. 
 22.3      Sec. 19.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 609.21, 
 22.4   subdivision 2b, is amended to read: 
 22.5      Subd. 2b.  [RESULTING IN BODILY HARM.] A person is guilty 
 22.6   of criminal vehicular operation resulting in bodily harm and may 
 22.7   be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than one year or to 
 22.8   payment of a fine of not more than $3,000, or both, if the 
 22.9   person causes bodily harm to another, as a result of operating a 
 22.10  motor vehicle: 
 22.11     (1) in a grossly negligent manner; 
 22.12     (2) in a negligent manner while under the influence of: 
 22.13     (i) alcohol; 
 22.14     (ii) a controlled substance; or 
 22.15     (iii) any combination of those elements; 
 22.16     (3) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 22.17  more; 
 22.18     (4) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 22.19  more, as measured within two hours of the time of driving; 
 22.20     (5) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more 
 22.21  at the time of driving, or as measured within two hours of the 
 22.22  time of driving, if the person is under the age of 21 years at 
 22.23  the time of the violation; 
 22.24     (5) (6) in a negligent manner while knowingly under the 
 22.25  influence of a hazardous substance; 
 22.26     (6) (7) in a negligent manner while any amount of a 
 22.27  controlled substance listed in schedule I or II, other than 
 22.28  marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols, is present in the person's 
 22.29  body; or 
 22.30     (7) (8) where the driver who causes the accident leaves the 
 22.31  scene of the accident in violation of section 169.09, 
 22.32  subdivision 1 or 6. 
 22.33     Sec. 20.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 609.21, 
 22.34  subdivision 3, is amended to read: 
 22.35     Subd. 3.  [RESULTING IN DEATH TO AN UNBORN CHILD.] A person 
 22.36  is guilty of criminal vehicular operation resulting in death to 
 23.1   an unborn child and may be sentenced to imprisonment for not 
 23.2   more than ten years or to payment of a fine of not more than 
 23.3   $20,000, or both, if the person causes the death of an unborn 
 23.4   child as a result of operating a motor vehicle: 
 23.5      (1) in a grossly negligent manner; 
 23.6      (2) in a negligent manner while under the influence of: 
 23.7      (i) alcohol; 
 23.8      (ii) a controlled substance; or 
 23.9      (iii) any combination of those elements; 
 23.10     (3) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 23.11  more; 
 23.12     (4) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 23.13  more, as measured within two hours of the time of driving; 
 23.14     (5) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more 
 23.15  at the time of driving, or as measured within two hours of the 
 23.16  time of driving, if the person is under the age of 21 years at 
 23.17  the time of the violation; 
 23.18     (5) (6) in a negligent manner while knowingly under the 
 23.19  influence of a hazardous substance; 
 23.20     (6) (7) in a negligent manner while any amount of a 
 23.21  controlled substance listed in schedule I or II, other than 
 23.22  marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols, is present in the person's 
 23.23  body; or 
 23.24     (7) (8) where the driver who causes the accident leaves the 
 23.25  scene of the accident in violation of section 169.09, 
 23.26  subdivision 1 or 6.  
 23.27     A prosecution for or conviction of a crime under this 
 23.28  subdivision is not a bar to conviction of or punishment for any 
 23.29  other crime committed by the defendant as part of the same 
 23.30  conduct. 
 23.31     Sec. 21.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 609.21, 
 23.32  subdivision 4, is amended to read: 
 23.33     Subd. 4.  [RESULTING IN INJURY TO UNBORN CHILD.] A person 
 23.34  is guilty of criminal vehicular operation resulting in injury to 
 23.35  an unborn child and may be sentenced to imprisonment for not 
 23.36  more than five years or to payment of a fine of not more than 
 24.1   $10,000, or both, if the person causes great bodily harm to an 
 24.2   unborn child who is subsequently born alive, as a result of 
 24.3   operating a motor vehicle: 
 24.4      (1) in a grossly negligent manner; 
 24.5      (2) in a negligent manner while under the influence of:  
 24.6      (i) alcohol; 
 24.7      (ii) a controlled substance; or 
 24.8      (iii) any combination of those elements; 
 24.9      (3) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 24.10  more; 
 24.11     (4) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.10 0.08 or 
 24.12  more, as measured within two hours of the time of driving; 
 24.13     (5) while having an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more 
 24.14  at the time of driving, or as measured within two hours of the 
 24.15  time of driving, if the person is under the age of 21 years at 
 24.16  the time of the violation; 
 24.17     (5) (6) in a negligent manner while knowingly under the 
 24.18  influence of a hazardous substance; 
 24.19     (6) (7) in a negligent manner while any amount of a 
 24.20  controlled substance listed in schedule I or II, other than 
 24.21  marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols, is present in the person's 
 24.22  body; or 
 24.23     (7) (8) where the driver who causes the accident leaves the 
 24.24  scene of the accident in violation of section 169.09, 
 24.25  subdivision 1 or 6.  
 24.26     A prosecution for or conviction of a crime under this 
 24.27  subdivision is not a bar to conviction of or punishment for any 
 24.28  other crime committed by the defendant as part of the same 
 24.29  conduct. 
 24.30     Sec. 22.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 609.21, 
 24.31  subdivision 4a, is amended to read: 
 24.32     Subd. 4a.  [AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE.] It shall be an 
 24.33  affirmative defense to a charge under subdivision 1, 
 24.34  clause (6) (7); 2, clause (6) (7); 2a, clause (6) (7); 2b, 
 24.35  clause (6) (7); 3, clause (6) (7); or 4, clause (6) (7), 
 24.36  that the defendant used the controlled substance according to 
 25.1   the terms of a prescription issued for the defendant in 
 25.2   accordance with sections 152.11 and 152.12. 
 25.3      Sec. 23.  [EFFECTIVE DATE.] 
 25.4      Sections 1 to 22 are effective August 1, 1997, and apply to 
 25.5   violations occurring on or after that date.