1.1                          A bill for an act 
  1.2             relating to traffic regulations; recodifying and 
  1.3             creating a vehicle code; modifying penalties for 
  1.4             offense relating to vehicles; amending Minnesota 
  1.5             Statutes 1996, sections 3C.10, subdivision 1; 168.013, 
  1.6             subdivisions 1e and 3; 168.056; 168.101, subdivisions 
  1.7             2 and 4; 168.27, subdivisions 12, 16, 19, and 23; 
  1.8             168.271; 168.275; 168.75; 168.837; 168.846; and 
  1.9             168A.30; proposing coding for new law in Minnesota 
  1.10            Statutes, chapters 168; 168A; and 626; proposing 
  1.11            coding for new law as Minnesota Statutes, chapters 
  1.12            169D; 169E; 169F; 169G; 169H; 169I; 169J; 169K; 169L; 
  1.13            169M; and 169N; repealing Minnesota Statutes 1996, 
  1.14            sections 168.021, subdivisions 1a and 3; 168.041; 
  1.15            168.042; 168.055; 168.09; 168.10, subdivisions 1e, 1f, 
  1.16            3, and 4; 168.35; 168.36; 168.81; 168.834; 168.835; 
  1.17            169.02, subdivision 2; 169.041; 169.042; 169.045; 
  1.18            169.06; 169.07; 169.072; 169.073; 169.08; 169.1216; 
  1.19            169.1217; 169.14; 169.145; 169.15; 169.16; 169.17; 
  1.20            169.18; 169.19; 169.20; 169.201; 169.202; 169.21; 
  1.21            169.215; 169.219; 169.22; 169.222; 169.223; 169.25; 
  1.22            169.26; 169.28; 169.29; 169.30; 169.305; 169.31; 
  1.23            169.315; 169.32; 169.33; 169.34; 169.342; 169.345; 
  1.24            169.346; 169.35; 169.36; 169.37; 169.38; 169.39; 
  1.25            169.40; 169.41; 169.42; 169.421; 169.43; 169.435; 
  1.26            169.441; 169.442; 169.443; 169.444; 169.445; 169.446; 
  1.27            169.447; 169.448; 169.449; 169.4501; 169.4502; 
  1.28            169.4503; 169.4504; 169.451; 169.4511; 169.452; 
  1.29            169.454; 169.4581; 169.4582; 169.46; 169.467; 169.468; 
  1.30            169.469; 169.47; 169.471; 169.48; 169.49; 169.50; 
  1.31            169.51; 169.52; 169.522; 169.53; 169.541; 169.55; 
  1.32            169.56; 169.57; 169.58; 169.59; 169.60; 169.61; 
  1.33            169.62; 169.63; 169.64; 169.65; 169.66; 169.67; 
  1.34            169.68; 169.684; 169.685; 169.686; 169.69; 169.693; 
  1.35            169.70; 169.71; 169.72; 169.721; 169.722; 169.723; 
  1.36            169.724; 169.725; 169.726; 169.727; 169.73; 169.733; 
  1.37            169.734; 169.74; 169.743; 169.75; 169.751; 169.752; 
  1.38            169.753; 169.754; 169.762; 169.771; 169.78; 169.781; 
  1.39            169.782; 169.783; 169.79; 169.791; 169.792; 169.793; 
  1.40            169.794; 169.795; 169.796; 169.797; 169.798; 169.799; 
  1.41            169.7995; 169.80; 169.801; 169.81; 169.82; 169.825; 
  1.42            169.832; 169.835; 169.84; 169.85; 169.851; 169.86; 
  1.43            169.862; 169.863; 169.87; 169.871; 169.872; 169.88; 
  1.44            169.971; 169.972; 169.973; and 169.974. 
  1.45  BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA: 
  2.1                              ARTICLE 1
  2.2                       OTHER MOVING VIOLATIONS 
  2.3                       PEACE OFFICER DIRECTION 
  2.4      Section 1.  [169D.05] [FAILING TO COMPLY WITH PEACE 
  2.5   OFFICER.] 
  2.6      It is unlawful for any person to willfully fail or refuse 
  2.7   to comply with any lawful order or direction of any peace 
  2.8   officer invested by law with authority to direct, control, or 
  2.9   regulate traffic. 
  2.10     Sec. 2.  [169D.055] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR FAILING TO 
  2.11  COMPLY WITH PEACE OFFICER.] 
  2.12     Whoever violates section 169D.05 is guilty of a second 
  2.13  degree misdemeanor. 
  2.14                         SIGNS AND SIGNALS 
  2.15     Sec. 3.  [169D.07] [SIGNS, SIGNALS, MARKINGS.] 
  2.16     Subdivision 1.  [UNIFORM SYSTEM.] The commissioner shall 
  2.17  adopt a manual and specifications for a uniform system of 
  2.18  traffic-control devices consistent with the provisions of the 
  2.19  vehicle code for use upon highways within this state.  This 
  2.20  uniform system shall correlate with and so far as possible 
  2.21  conform to the system then current as approved by the American 
  2.22  Association of State Highway Officials.  The manual and 
  2.23  specifications must include the design and wording of 
  2.24  minimum-maintenance road signs.  The commissioner's adoption of 
  2.25  the manual and specifications as herein provided is specifically 
  2.26  exempted from the provisions and requirements of sections 14.02, 
  2.27  14.04 to 14.28, 14.38, 14.44 to 14.45, and 14.57 to 14.62. 
  2.28     Subd. 2.  [PLACEMENT AND MAINTENANCE ON TRUNK HIGHWAYS.] (a)
  2.29  The commissioner shall place and maintain traffic-control 
  2.30  devices, conforming to the manual and specifications, upon all 
  2.31  state trunk highways as the commissioner deems necessary to 
  2.32  indicate and carry out the provisions of the vehicle code or to 
  2.33  regulate, warn, or guide traffic.  The commissioner may 
  2.34  construct and maintain signs at the entrance of each city, which 
  2.35  sign shall have placed thereon the city's name and population.  
  2.36  The commissioner may construct and maintain other directional 
  3.1   signs upon the trunk highways, which signs shall be uniform.  
  3.2   The commissioner may authorize variations from the manual and 
  3.3   specifications for the purpose of investigation and research 
  3.4   into the use and development of traffic control devices.  When 
  3.5   the authorized variation pertains to the regulation of traffic, 
  3.6   notice of the intended regulatory purpose shall be published in 
  3.7   a qualified newspaper of general circulation in the area where 
  3.8   the research is being conducted. 
  3.9      (b) No other authority shall place or maintain any traffic 
  3.10  control device upon any highway under the commissioner's 
  3.11  jurisdiction except with the commissioner's permission.  
  3.12     Subd. 3.  [PLACEMENT AND MAINTENANCE BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES.] 
  3.13  A local authority shall place and maintain such traffic-control 
  3.14  devices upon highways under its jurisdiction as it deems 
  3.15  necessary to indicate and to carry out the provisions of the 
  3.16  vehicle code or local traffic ordinances, or to regulate, warn, 
  3.17  or guide traffic.  All such traffic-control devices shall 
  3.18  conform to the state manual and specifications. 
  3.19     Subd. 4.  [OBEDIENCE TO AND REQUIRED TRAFFIC-CONTROL 
  3.20  DEVICES.] (a) The driver of any vehicle shall obey the 
  3.21  instructions of any official traffic-control device applicable 
  3.22  thereto placed in accordance with the provisions of this 
  3.23  chapter, unless otherwise directed by a traffic or peace 
  3.24  officer, subject to the exceptions granted the driver of an 
  3.25  authorized emergency vehicle in the vehicle code. 
  3.26     (b) No provision of the vehicle code for which official 
  3.27  traffic-control devices are required shall be enforced against 
  3.28  an alleged violator if at the time and place of the alleged 
  3.29  violation an official device is not in proper position and 
  3.30  sufficiently legible to be seen by an ordinarily observant 
  3.31  person.  Whenever a particular section does not state that 
  3.32  official traffic-control devices are required, the section is 
  3.33  effective even though no devices are erected or in place. 
  3.34     (c) Whenever official traffic-control devices are placed in 
  3.35  position approximately conforming to the requirements of this 
  3.36  chapter, the devices are presumed to have been so placed by the 
  4.1   official act or direction of lawful authority, unless the 
  4.2   contrary is established by competent evidence. 
  4.3      (d) Any official traffic-control device placed pursuant to 
  4.4   the provisions of this chapter and purporting to conform to the 
  4.5   lawful requirements pertaining to such devices is presumed to 
  4.6   comply with the requirements of this chapter, unless the 
  4.7   contrary is established by competent evidence. 
  4.8      Subd. 5.  [TRAFFIC-CONTROL SIGNALS.] Whenever traffic is 
  4.9   controlled by traffic-control signals exhibiting different 
  4.10  colored lights, or colored lighted arrows, successively one at a 
  4.11  time or in combination, only the colors green, red, and yellow 
  4.12  shall be used, except for special pedestrian signals carrying a 
  4.13  word legend.  The lights shall indicate and apply to drivers of 
  4.14  vehicles and pedestrians as follows: 
  4.15     (a) Green indication: 
  4.16     (1) Vehicular traffic facing a circular green signal may 
  4.17  proceed straight through or turn right or left unless a sign at 
  4.18  that place prohibits either such turn.  However, vehicular 
  4.19  traffic, including vehicles turning right or left, shall yield 
  4.20  the right-of-way to other vehicles and to pedestrians lawfully 
  4.21  within the intersection or adjacent crosswalk at the time the 
  4.22  signal is exhibited. 
  4.23     (2) Vehicular traffic facing a green arrow signal, shown 
  4.24  alone or in combination with another indication, may cautiously 
  4.25  enter the intersection only to make the movement indicated by 
  4.26  the arrow, or such other movement as is permitted by other 
  4.27  indications shown at the same time.  The vehicular traffic shall 
  4.28  yield the right-of-way to pedestrians lawfully within an 
  4.29  adjacent crosswalk and to other traffic lawfully using the 
  4.30  intersection. 
  4.31     (3) Unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian-control 
  4.32  signal as provided in subdivision 7, pedestrians facing any 
  4.33  green signal, except when the sole green signal is a turn arrow, 
  4.34  may proceed across the roadway within any marked or unmarked 
  4.35  crosswalk. 
  4.36     (b) Steady yellow indication: 
  5.1      (1) Vehicular traffic facing a circular yellow signal is 
  5.2   thereby warned that the related green movement is being 
  5.3   terminated or that a red indication will be exhibited 
  5.4   immediately thereafter when vehicular traffic shall not enter 
  5.5   the intersection, except for the continued movement allowed by 
  5.6   any green arrow indication simultaneously exhibited. 
  5.7      (2) Pedestrians facing a circular yellow signal, unless 
  5.8   otherwise directed by a pedestrian control signal as provided in 
  5.9   subdivision 7, are thereby advised that there is insufficient 
  5.10  time to cross the roadway before a red indication is shown and 
  5.11  no pedestrian shall then start to cross the roadway. 
  5.12     (3) Vehicular traffic facing a steady yellow arrow signal 
  5.13  is thereby warned that the protected vehicular movement 
  5.14  permitted by the corresponding prior green arrow indication is 
  5.15  being terminated. 
  5.16     (c) Steady red indication: 
  5.17     (1) Vehicular traffic facing a circular red signal alone 
  5.18  shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before 
  5.19  entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or 
  5.20  if none, then before entering the intersection.  The vehicular 
  5.21  traffic shall remain standing until a green indication is shown, 
  5.22  except as follows: 
  5.23     (i) The driver of a vehicle that is stopped as close as 
  5.24  practicable at the entrance to the crosswalk on the near side of 
  5.25  the intersection or, if none, then at the entrance to the 
  5.26  intersection in obedience to a red or stop signal, and with the 
  5.27  intention of making a right turn may make the right turn, after 
  5.28  stopping, unless an official sign has been erected prohibiting 
  5.29  that movement.  The driver shall yield the right-of-way to 
  5.30  pedestrians and other traffic lawfully proceeding as directed by 
  5.31  the signal at the intersection. 
  5.32     (ii) The driver of a vehicle on a one-way street that 
  5.33  intersects another one-way street on which traffic moves to the 
  5.34  left shall stop in obedience to a red or stop signal and may 
  5.35  then make a left turn into the one-way street, unless an 
  5.36  official sign has been erected prohibiting that movement.  The 
  6.1   driver shall yield the right-of-way to pedestrians and other 
  6.2   traffic proceeding as directed by the signal at the intersection.
  6.3      (2) Unless otherwise directed by a pedestrian-control 
  6.4   signal as provided in subdivision 7, pedestrians facing a steady 
  6.5   red signal alone shall not enter the roadway. 
  6.6      (3) Vehicular traffic facing a steady red arrow signal, 
  6.7   with the intention of making a movement indicated by the arrow, 
  6.8   shall: 
  6.9      (i) stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before 
  6.10  entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or 
  6.11  if none, then before entering the intersection; and 
  6.12     (ii) remain standing until a permissive signal indication 
  6.13  is displayed. 
  6.14     (d) If an official traffic-control signal is erected and 
  6.15  maintained at a place other than an intersection, the provisions 
  6.16  of this section apply except those that can have no application. 
  6.17  Any stop required shall be made at a sign or marking on the 
  6.18  pavement indicating where the stop shall be made, but absent any 
  6.19  such sign or marking the stop shall be made at the signal. 
  6.20     (e) When a traffic-control signal indication placed to 
  6.21  control a certain movement or lane is so identified by placing a 
  6.22  sign near the indication or indications, no other 
  6.23  traffic-control signal indication or indications within the 
  6.24  intersection shall control vehicular traffic for the movement or 
  6.25  lane. 
  6.26     Subd. 6.  [TRAFFIC CONTROL SIGNALS; OVERRIDE SYSTEM.] All 
  6.27  electronic traffic control signals installed by a road authority 
  6.28  on and after January 1, 1995, must be prewired to facilitate a 
  6.29  later addition of a system that allows the operator of an 
  6.30  authorized emergency vehicle to activate a green traffic signal 
  6.31  for the vehicle. 
  6.32     Subd. 7.  [PEDESTRIAN CONTROL SIGNALS.] Whenever special 
  6.33  pedestrian-control signals exhibiting the words "Walk" or "Don't 
  6.34  Walk" are in place, the signals shall indicate as follows: 
  6.35     (a) "Walk", flashing or steady.  Pedestrians facing the 
  6.36  signals may proceed across the roadway in the direction of the 
  7.1   signal. 
  7.2      (b) "Don't Walk", flashing or steady.  No pedestrian shall 
  7.3   start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signals, but 
  7.4   any pedestrian who has partially crossed on the "Walk" signal 
  7.5   shall proceed to a sidewalk or safety island while the "Don't 
  7.6   Walk" signal is showing. 
  7.7      (c) A pedestrian crossing a roadway in conformity with this 
  7.8   section is lawfully within the intersection and, when in a 
  7.9   crosswalk, is lawfully within the crosswalk.  
  7.10     Subd. 8.  [FLASHING SIGNALS.] When flashing red or yellow 
  7.11  signals are used, they shall require obedience by vehicular 
  7.12  traffic as follows: 
  7.13     (a) When a circular red lens is illuminated with rapid 
  7.14  intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles shall stop at a 
  7.15  clearly marked stop line, but if none, before entering the 
  7.16  crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or if none, then 
  7.17  at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver 
  7.18  has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway 
  7.19  before entering the intersection.  The right to proceed is 
  7.20  subject to the rules applicable after making a stop at a stop 
  7.21  sign. 
  7.22     (b) When a red arrow lens is illuminated with rapid 
  7.23  intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles with the intention of 
  7.24  making a movement indicated by the arrow shall stop at a clearly 
  7.25  marked stop line, but if none, before entering the crosswalk on 
  7.26  the near side of the intersection, or if none, then at the point 
  7.27  nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of 
  7.28  approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering 
  7.29  the intersection.  The right to proceed is subject to the rules 
  7.30  applicable after making a stop at a stop sign. 
  7.31     (c) When a circular yellow lens is illuminated with rapid 
  7.32  intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles may proceed through 
  7.33  the intersection or past the signals only with caution. 
  7.34     (d) When a yellow arrow indication is illuminated with 
  7.35  rapid intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles with the 
  7.36  intention of making a movement indicated by the arrow may 
  8.1   proceed through the intersection or past the signals only with 
  8.2   caution. 
  8.3      Subd. 9.  [LANE-DIRECTION-CONTROL SIGNALS.] When 
  8.4   lane-direction-control signals are placed over individual lanes 
  8.5   of a street or highway, vehicular traffic may travel in lanes as 
  8.6   follows: 
  8.7      (a) Vehicular traffic facing a green arrow indication may 
  8.8   drive in the lane over which the arrow signal is located. 
  8.9      (b) Vehicular traffic facing a red "X" indication shall not 
  8.10  drive in the lane over which the signal is located. 
  8.11     (c) Vehicular traffic facing a steady yellow "X" indication 
  8.12  is thereby warned that use of the lane over which the signal is 
  8.13  located is being terminated, or that a red "X" indication will 
  8.14  be exhibited immediately thereafter when vehicular traffic shall 
  8.15  not drive in the lane. 
  8.16     (d) Vehicular traffic facing a yellow "X" indication 
  8.17  illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes may use a lane over 
  8.18  which the signal is located for a left turn or for a passing 
  8.19  maneuver, using proper caution. 
  8.20                         SPEED RESTRICTIONS 
  8.21     Sec. 4.  [169D.11] [EXCESSIVE SPEED.] 
  8.22     Subdivision 1.  [BASIC RULE; INATTENTIVE DRIVING.] (a) No 
  8.23  person shall drive a vehicle on a highway at a speed greater 
  8.24  than is reasonable and prudent under the conditions.  Every 
  8.25  driver is responsible for becoming and remaining aware of the 
  8.26  actual and potential hazards then existing on the highway and 
  8.27  must use due care in operating a vehicle. 
  8.28     (b) In every event speed shall be so restricted as may be 
  8.29  necessary to avoid colliding with any person, vehicle, or other 
  8.30  conveyance on or entering the highway in compliance with legal 
  8.31  requirements and the duty of all persons to use due care. 
  8.32     Subd. 2.  [SPEED LIMITS.] (a) Where no special hazard 
  8.33  exists, the following speeds are lawful.  Any speed exceeding 
  8.34  such limits is prima facie evidence that the speed is not 
  8.35  reasonable or prudent and that it is unlawful.  However, the 
  8.36  speed limit within any city is a maximum limit and any speed in 
  9.1   excess thereof is unlawful: 
  9.2      (1) 30 miles per hour in an urban district; 
  9.3      (2) 65 miles per hour on freeways and expressways, as 
  9.4   defined in section 160.02, subdivision 16, outside the limits of 
  9.5   any urbanized area with a population of greater than 50,000 as 
  9.6   defined by order of the commissioner; 
  9.7      (3) 55 miles per hour in locations other than those 
  9.8   specified in this section; 
  9.9      (4) ten miles per hour in alleys; and 
  9.10     (5) 25 miles per hour in residential roadways if adopted by 
  9.11  the road authority having jurisdiction over the residential 
  9.12  roadway. 
  9.13     (b) A speed limit adopted under paragraph (a), clause (5), 
  9.14  is not effective unless the road authority has erected signs: 
  9.15     (1) designating the speed limit; and 
  9.16     (2) indicating the beginning and end of the residential 
  9.17  roadway on which the speed limit applies. 
  9.18     Subd. 3.  [REDUCED SPEED REQUIRED.] The driver of any 
  9.19  vehicle shall, consistent with the requirements, drive at an 
  9.20  appropriate reduced speed when: 
  9.21     (a) approaching and crossing an intersection or railway 
  9.22  grade crossing; 
  9.23     (b) approaching and going around a curve; 
  9.24     (c) approaching a hill crest; 
  9.25     (d) traveling upon any narrow or winding roadway; and 
  9.26     (e) special hazards exist with respect to pedestrians or 
  9.27  other traffic or by reason of weather or highway conditions. 
  9.28     Subd. 4.  [COMMISSIONER'S ESTABLISHMENT OF SPEED LIMIT.] On 
  9.29  determining upon the basis of an engineering and traffic 
  9.30  investigation that any speed set forth in this section is 
  9.31  greater or less than is reasonable or safe under the conditions 
  9.32  found to exist on any trunk highway or upon any part thereof, 
  9.33  the commissioner may erect appropriate signs designating a 
  9.34  reasonable and safe speed limit thereat.  This speed limit is 
  9.35  effective when the signs are erected.  Any speed exceeding the 
  9.36  limit is prima facie evidence that the speed is not reasonable 
 10.1   or prudent and that it is unlawful.  However, any speed limit 
 10.2   within any city is a maximum limit and any speed in excess 
 10.3   thereof is unlawful. 
 10.4      Subd. 5.  [COMMISSIONER'S ESTABLISHMENT OF MAXIMUM SPEED 
 10.5   LIMIT ZONE.] (a) On determining upon the basis of an engineering 
 10.6   and traffic investigation that a part of the trunk highway 
 10.7   system outside a city should be a zone of maximum speed limit, 
 10.8   the commissioner may establish that part as such a zone by 
 10.9   erecting appropriate signs: 
 10.10     (1) showing the beginning and end of the zone; 
 10.11     (2) designating a reasonable and safe speed for the zone, 
 10.12  which may be different than the speed set forth in this section; 
 10.13  and 
 10.14     (3) stating that it is a zone of maximum speed limit. 
 10.15     (b) The speed so designated by the commissioner within the 
 10.16  zone is a maximum speed limit.  Speed exceeding the limit is 
 10.17  unlawful. 
 10.18     (c) The commissioner may in the same manner from time to 
 10.19  time: 
 10.20     (1) alter the boundary of the zone; 
 10.21     (2) alter the speed limit in the zone; or 
 10.22     (3) eliminate the zone. 
 10.23     Subd. 6.  [MAXIMUM SPEED ON FREEWAYS AND EXPRESSWAYS.] 
 10.24  Notwithstanding subdivision 5, the commissioner may by order 
 10.25  designate a maximum lawful speed for freeways and expressways, 
 10.26  as defined in section 160.02, subdivision 16, with or without an 
 10.27  engineering and traffic investigation.  The order may apply to 
 10.28  all such highways or to specific highways identified in the 
 10.29  order. 
 10.30     Subd. 7.  [ZONING WITHIN LOCAL AREAS.] When local 
 10.31  authorities believe that the existing speed limit upon any 
 10.32  street or highway, or part thereof, within their respective 
 10.33  jurisdictions and not a part of the trunk highway system is 
 10.34  greater or less than is reasonable or safe under existing 
 10.35  conditions, they may request the commissioner to authorize the 
 10.36  erection of appropriate signs designating what speed is 
 11.1   reasonable and safe.  Upon the basis of an engineering and 
 11.2   traffic investigation, the commissioner may authorize the 
 11.3   erection of appropriate signs designating a reasonable and safe 
 11.4   speed limit thereat.  This speed limit shall be effective when 
 11.5   the signs are erected.  Any speed exceeding this speed limit is 
 11.6   prima facie evidence that the speed is not reasonable or prudent 
 11.7   and that it is unlawful.  However, any speed limit within any 
 11.8   city is a maximum limit and any speed in excess thereof is 
 11.9   unlawful.  Alteration of speed limits on streets and highways 
 11.10  shall be made only upon the commissioner's authority except as 
 11.11  provided in subdivision 8. 
 11.12     Subd. 8.  [SPEED ZONING IN SCHOOL ZONES.] (a) A local 
 11.13  authority may establish a school speed limit within a school 
 11.14  zone of a public or nonpublic school upon the basis of an 
 11.15  engineering and traffic investigation as prescribed by the 
 11.16  commissioner.  The establishment of a school speed limit on any 
 11.17  trunk highway shall be with the commissioner's consent.  The 
 11.18  school speed limits shall be in effect when children are 
 11.19  present, going to or leaving school during opening or closing 
 11.20  hours or during school recess periods.  The school speed limit 
 11.21  shall not be: 
 11.22     (1) lower than 15 miles per hour; and 
 11.23     (2) more than 20 miles per hour below the established speed 
 11.24  limit on an affected street or highway if the established speed 
 11.25  limit is 40 miles per hour or greater. 
 11.26     (b) The school speed limit shall be effective upon the 
 11.27  erection of appropriate signs designating the speed and 
 11.28  indicating the beginning and end of the reduced speed zone.  Any 
 11.29  speed exceeding the posted school speed limit is unlawful.  The 
 11.30  signs shall be erected: 
 11.31     (1) by the local authority on those streets and highways 
 11.32  under its jurisdiction; and 
 11.33     (2) by the commissioner on trunk highways. 
 11.34     Subd. 9.  [SEGMENTS IN URBAN DISTRICTS.] (a) When any 
 11.35  segment at least a quarter-mile long of any city street, city 
 11.36  state aid street, or town road on which a speed limit exceeding 
 12.1   30 miles per hour has been established pursuant to the 
 12.2   commissioner's engineering and traffic investigation meets the 
 12.3   definition of "urban district," the city's or town's governing 
 12.4   body may by resolution: 
 12.5      (1) declare the segment to be an urban district; and 
 12.6      (2) establish on the segment the speed limit for urban 
 12.7   districts prescribed in subdivision 2. 
 12.8      (b) The speed limit so established shall be effective upon 
 12.9   the erection of appropriate signs: 
 12.10     (1) designating the speed; and 
 12.11     (2) indicating the beginning and end of the segment on 
 12.12  which the speed limit is established. 
 12.13     (c) Any speed exceeding the posted limits is unlawful. 
 12.14     (d) A copy of the resolution shall be transmitted to the 
 12.15  commissioner at least ten days before erection of the signs. 
 12.16     Subd. 10.  [SPEED ZONING IN ALLEYWAYS.] Local authorities 
 12.17  may regulate speed limits for alleyways based on their own 
 12.18  engineering and traffic investigations.  Alleyway speed limits 
 12.19  established at other than ten miles per hour shall be effective 
 12.20  when proper signs are posted.  
 12.21     Subd. 11.  [SPEED ZONING IN WORK ZONES; SURCHARGE.] (a) The 
 12.22  commissioner, on trunk highways and temporary trunk highways, 
 12.23  and a local authority, on streets and highways under its 
 12.24  jurisdiction, may authorize the use of a reduced maximum speed 
 12.25  limit in a highway work zone.  The commissioner or local 
 12.26  authority need not conduct an engineering and traffic 
 12.27  investigation before authorizing a reduced speed limit in a 
 12.28  highway work zone.  
 12.29     (b) The minimum highway work zone speed limit is 20 miles 
 12.30  per hour.  The work zone speed limit must not reduce the 
 12.31  established speed limit on the affected street or highway by 
 12.32  more than 15 miles per hour, except that the highway work zone 
 12.33  speed limit shall not exceed 40 miles per hour.  A highway work 
 12.34  zone speed limit is effective on erection of appropriate 
 12.35  regulatory speed limit signs.  The signs must be removed or 
 12.36  covered when they are not required.  A speed greater than the 
 13.1   posted highway work zone speed limit is unlawful. 
 13.2      (c) Notwithstanding section 609A.47 or other law to the 
 13.3   contrary, a person who violates a speed limit established under 
 13.4   paragraph (b), or who violates any other provision of this 
 13.5   section while in a highway work zone, is assessed an additional 
 13.6   surcharge equal to the amount of the fine imposed for the speed 
 13.7   violation, but not less than $25. 
 13.8      Subd. 12.  [SPEED LIMIT ON PARK ROADS.] (a) The political 
 13.9   subdivision with authority over a park may establish a speed 
 13.10  limit on a road located within the park.  A speed limit 
 13.11  established under this subdivision on a trunk highway is 
 13.12  effective only with the commissioner's approval.  A speed limit 
 13.13  established under this subdivision must be based on an 
 13.14  engineering and traffic investigation prescribed by the 
 13.15  commissioner.  The speed limit must not: 
 13.16     (1) be lower than 20 miles per hour; and 
 13.17     (2) reduce an existing speed limit by more than 15 miles 
 13.18  per hour. 
 13.19     (b) A speed limit established under this subdivision is 
 13.20  effective on the erection of appropriate signs: 
 13.21     (1) designating the speed limit; and 
 13.22     (2) indicating the beginning and end of the reduced speed 
 13.23  zone. 
 13.24     (c) Any speed exceeding the posted speed is unlawful. 
 13.25     Sec. 5.  [169D.13] [SPEED ON BRIDGES.] 
 13.26     Subdivision 1.  [PROHIBITED CONDUCT.] No person shall drive 
 13.27  a vehicle over any bridge or other elevated structure 
 13.28  constituting a part of a highway at a speed greater than the 
 13.29  maximum speed that can be maintained with safety to the bridge 
 13.30  or structure, when the structure is signposted as provided in 
 13.31  this section. 
 13.32     Subd. 2.  [COMMISSIONER MAY DETERMINE MAXIMUM SPEED.] The 
 13.33  commissioner, upon request from any local authority, shall, or, 
 13.34  upon the commissioner's own initiative, may, conduct an 
 13.35  investigation of any bridge or other elevated structure 
 13.36  constituting a part of a highway.  On finding that the structure 
 14.1   cannot with safety to itself withstand vehicles traveling at the 
 14.2   speed otherwise permissible under this chapter, the commissioner 
 14.3   shall: 
 14.4      (a) determine and declare the maximum speed of vehicles 
 14.5   that the structure can withstand; and 
 14.6      (b) cause or permit suitable signs stating the maximum 
 14.7   speed to be erected and maintained at a distance of 100 feet 
 14.8   before each end of the structure.  
 14.9      Subd. 3.  [PROOF.] Upon the trial of any person charged 
 14.10  with a violation of this section, proof of the commissioner's 
 14.11  determination of the maximum speed and the existence of the 
 14.12  signs is conclusive evidence of the maximum speed that can be 
 14.13  maintained with safety to the bridge or structure. 
 14.14     Sec. 6.  [169D.15] [TOWING HEAVY FARM TRAILER; SPEED.] 
 14.15     No person may tow a vehicle registered as a farm trailer 
 14.16  that exceeds 6,000 pounds registered gross weight or gross 
 14.17  vehicle weight and is not equipped with brakes, at a speed 
 14.18  exceeding 25 miles per hour. 
 14.19     Sec. 7.  [169D.17] [TOWING BY VEHICLE TRANSPORT BUSINESS; 
 14.20  SPEED.] 
 14.21     A person employed by a business required to be licensed 
 14.22  under section 168.053 (drive-away in transit license), in 
 14.23  pulling or towing vehicles covered by that section, shall not 
 14.24  exceed 35 miles per hour. 
 14.25     Sec. 8.  [169D.19] [IMPEDING TRAFFIC; MINIMUM SPEED.] 
 14.26     Subdivision 1.  [IMPEDING TRAFFIC.] No person shall drive a 
 14.27  motor vehicle at such a slow speed as to impede or block the 
 14.28  normal and reasonable movement of traffic except when: 
 14.29     (a) reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or in 
 14.30  compliance with law; or 
 14.31     (b) the vehicle is temporarily unable to maintain a greater 
 14.32  speed because of a combination of the weight of the vehicle and 
 14.33  the grade of the highway. 
 14.34     Subd. 2.  [MINIMUM SPEED.] On determining upon the basis of 
 14.35  an engineering and traffic investigation that a speed at least 
 14.36  as great as, or exceeding, a specified and determined minimum is 
 15.1   necessary to the reasonable and safe use of any trunk highway or 
 15.2   portion thereof, the commissioner may erect appropriate signs 
 15.3   specifying the minimum speed on the highway or portion thereof.  
 15.4   The minimum speed shall be effective when the signs are erected. 
 15.5   Any speed less than the posted minimum speed is prima facie 
 15.6   evidence that the speed is not reasonable or prudent and that it 
 15.7   is unlawful. 
 15.8                   OTHER PROVISIONS REGARDING SPEED
 15.9      Sec. 9.  [169D.21] [EMERGENCY VEHICLES.] 
 15.10     The speed limitations set forth in sections 169D.11 to 
 15.11  169D.17 do not apply to authorized emergency vehicles when 
 15.12  responding to emergency calls, but the drivers thereof shall 
 15.13  sound an audible signal by siren and display at least one 
 15.14  lighted red light to the front.  This provision does not relieve 
 15.15  the driver of an authorized emergency vehicle from the duty to 
 15.16  drive with due regard for the safety of persons using the 
 15.17  street, nor does it protect the driver of an authorized 
 15.18  emergency vehicle from the consequence of a reckless disregard 
 15.19  of the safety of others. 
 15.20     Sec. 10.  [169D.23] [SPEED EVIDENCE.] 
 15.21     Subdivision 1.  [SPEEDOMETER; STANDARDS OF EVIDENCE.] (a) 
 15.22  In any prosecution in which the rate of speed of a motor vehicle 
 15.23  is relevant, evidence of the speed of a motor vehicle as 
 15.24  indicated on the speedometer thereof is admissible on a showing 
 15.25  that: 
 15.26     (1) the vehicle is regularly used in traffic law 
 15.27  enforcement; 
 15.28     (2) the vehicle's speedometer is regularly and routinely 
 15.29  tested for accuracy; and 
 15.30     (3) a record of the results of the tests is kept on file by 
 15.31  the agency having control of the vehicle. 
 15.32     (b) Evidence as to the speed indicated on the speedometer 
 15.33  is prima facie evidence that the vehicle was, at the time the 
 15.34  reading was observed, traveling at the rate of speed so 
 15.35  indicated, subject to correction by the amount of error, if any, 
 15.36  shown to exist by the test made closest in time to the time of 
 16.1   the reading. 
 16.2      (c) Records of speedometer tests kept in the regular course 
 16.3   of operations of any law enforcement agency are admissible, 
 16.4   without further foundation, as to the results of the tests.  The 
 16.5   records shall be available to the defendant upon demand.  
 16.6   Nothing herein shall be construed to preclude or interfere with 
 16.7   the cross examination or impeachment of evidence of rate of 
 16.8   speed as indicated by speedometer readings, pursuant to the 
 16.9   rules of evidence. 
 16.10     Subd. 2.  [RADAR; SPEED-MEASURING DEVICES; STANDARDS OF 
 16.11  EVIDENCE.] (a) In any prosecution in which the rate of speed of 
 16.12  a motor vehicle is relevant, evidence of the speed as indicated 
 16.13  on radar or other speed-measuring device is admissible in 
 16.14  evidence, subject to the following conditions: 
 16.15     (1) the officer operating the device has sufficient 
 16.16  training to properly operate the equipment; 
 16.17     (2) the officer testifies as to the manner in which the 
 16.18  device was set up and operated; 
 16.19     (3) the device was operated with minimal distortion or 
 16.20  interference from outside sources; and 
 16.21     (4) the device was tested by an accurate and reliable 
 16.22  external mechanism, method, or system at the time it was set up. 
 16.23     (b) Records of tests made of the devices and kept in the 
 16.24  regular course of operations of any law enforcement agency are 
 16.25  admissible in evidence without further foundation as to the 
 16.26  results of the tests.  The records shall be available to a 
 16.27  defendant upon demand.  Nothing in this subdivision shall be 
 16.28  construed to preclude or interfere with cross examination or 
 16.29  impeachment of evidence of the rate of speed as indicated on the 
 16.30  radar or speed-measuring device.  
 16.31     Subd. 3.  [BURDEN OF PROOF IN CIVIL CASES.] The provisions 
 16.32  of this chapter declaring speed limitation shall not be 
 16.33  construed to relieve the plaintiff in any civil action from the 
 16.34  burden of proving negligence on the part of the defendant as the 
 16.35  proximate cause of an accident. 
 16.36     Sec. 11.  [169D.25] [LIMITING OFFICER'S EXPOSURE TO 
 17.1   RADIATION FROM HAND-HELD RADAR UNIT.] 
 17.2      Law enforcement agencies that use hand-held radar units 
 17.3   shall establish operating procedures to reduce the operator's 
 17.4   exposure to microwave radiation.  The procedures, at a minimum, 
 17.5   must require that: 
 17.6      (a) the operator turn the unit off when it is not in use; 
 17.7      (b) if the unit has a stand-by mode, the operator use this 
 17.8   mode except when measuring a vehicle's speed; 
 17.9      (c) the operator not allow the antenna to rest against the 
 17.10  operator's body while it is in operation; and 
 17.11     (d) the operator always point the antenna unit away from 
 17.12  the operator and any other person in very close proximity to the 
 17.13  unit. 
 17.14     Sec. 12.  [169D.27] [RADAR JAMMER PROHIBITED.] 
 17.15     No person shall sell, offer for sale, use, or possess any 
 17.16  radar jammer in this state. 
 17.17                           DRIVING RULES  
 17.18     Sec. 13.  [169D.31] [DRIVING RULES GENERALLY.] 
 17.19     Subdivision 1.  [KEEP TO THE RIGHT.] Upon all roadways of 
 17.20  sufficient width a vehicle shall be driven upon the right half 
 17.21  of the roadway, except as follows: 
 17.22     (a) when overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding 
 17.23  in the same direction under the rules governing such movement; 
 17.24     (b) when the right half of a roadway is closed to traffic 
 17.25  while under construction or repair; 
 17.26     (c) upon a roadway divided into three marked lanes for 
 17.27  traffic under the rules applicable thereon; or 
 17.28     (d) upon a roadway designated and signposted for one-way 
 17.29  traffic as a one-way roadway. 
 17.30     Subd. 2.  [MEETING.] Drivers of vehicles proceeding in 
 17.31  opposite directions, shall pass each other to the right, and 
 17.32  upon roadways having width for not more than one line of traffic 
 17.33  in each direction each driver shall give to the other at least 
 17.34  one-half of the main traveled portion of the roadway, as nearly 
 17.35  as possible. 
 17.36     Subd. 3.  [PASSING.] The following rules shall govern the 
 18.1   overtaking and passing of vehicles proceeding in the same 
 18.2   direction, subject to the limitations, exceptions, and special 
 18.3   rules hereinafter stated: 
 18.4      (a) The driver of a vehicle overtaking another vehicle 
 18.5   proceeding in the same direction shall pass to the left thereof 
 18.6   at a safe distance and shall not again drive to the right side 
 18.7   of the roadway until safely clear of the overtaken vehicle. 
 18.8      (b) Except when overtaking and passing on the right is 
 18.9   permitted, the driver of an overtaken vehicle shall give way to 
 18.10  the right in favor of the overtaking vehicle on audible warning, 
 18.11  and shall not increase the speed of the overtaken vehicle until 
 18.12  completely passed by the overtaking vehicle. 
 18.13     (c) The operator of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle or 
 18.14  pedestrian proceeding in the same direction on the roadway shall 
 18.15  leave a safe distance, but in no case less than three feet 
 18.16  clearance, when passing the bicycle or pedestrian and shall 
 18.17  maintain clearance until safely past the overtaken bicycle or 
 18.18  pedestrian. 
 18.19     Subd. 4.  [PASSING ON RIGHT.] (a) The driver of a vehicle 
 18.20  may overtake and pass upon the right of another vehicle only 
 18.21  upon the following conditions: 
 18.22     (1) when the vehicle overtaken is making or about to make a 
 18.23  left turn; 
 18.24     (2) upon a street or highway with unobstructed pavement not 
 18.25  occupied by parked vehicles of sufficient width for two or more 
 18.26  lines of moving vehicles in each direction; or 
 18.27     (3) upon a one-way street, or upon any roadway on which 
 18.28  traffic is restricted to one direction of movement, where the 
 18.29  roadway is free from obstructions and of sufficient width for 
 18.30  two or more lines of moving vehicles. 
 18.31     (b) The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass another 
 18.32  vehicle upon the right only under conditions permitting such 
 18.33  movement in safety.  In no event shall such movement be made by 
 18.34  driving off the pavement or main-traveled portion of the roadway.
 18.35     Subd. 5.  [DRIVING LEFT OF ROADWAY CENTER; EXCEPTION.] (a) 
 18.36  No vehicle shall be driven to the left side of the center of the 
 19.1   roadway in overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in 
 19.2   the same direction unless the left side is clearly visible and 
 19.3   is free of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance ahead to 
 19.4   permit the overtaking and passing to be completed without 
 19.5   interfering with the safe operation of any vehicle approaching 
 19.6   from the opposite direction or any vehicle overtaken.  In every 
 19.7   event the overtaking vehicle must return to the right-hand side 
 19.8   of the roadway before coming within 100 feet of any vehicle 
 19.9   approaching from the opposite direction. 
 19.10     (b) Except on a one-way roadway or as provided in paragraph 
 19.11  (c), no vehicle shall, in overtaking and passing another vehicle 
 19.12  or at any other time, be driven to the left half of the roadway 
 19.13  under the following conditions: 
 19.14     (1) when approaching the crest of a grade or upon a curve 
 19.15  in the highway where the driver's view along the highway is 
 19.16  obstructed within a distance of 700 feet; 
 19.17     (2) when approaching within 100 feet of any underpass or 
 19.18  tunnel, railroad grade crossing, intersection within a city, or 
 19.19  intersection outside a city if the presence of the intersection 
 19.20  is marked by warning signs; or 
 19.21     (3) where official signs are in place prohibiting passing, 
 19.22  or a distinctive center line is marked, which distinctive line 
 19.23  also so prohibits passing, as declared in the manual of 
 19.24  traffic-control devices adopted by the commissioner. 
 19.25     (c) Paragraph (b) does not apply to a self-propelled or 
 19.26  towed implement of husbandry that: 
 19.27     (1) is escorted at the front by a registered motor vehicle 
 19.28  that is displaying vehicular hazard warning lights visible to 
 19.29  the front and rear in normal sunlight; and 
 19.30     (2) does not extend into the left half of the roadway to 
 19.31  any greater extent than made necessary by the total width of the 
 19.32  right half of the roadway together with any adjacent shoulder 
 19.33  that is suitable for travel. 
 19.34     Subd. 6.  [ONE-WAY TRAFFIC.] (a) Upon a roadway designated 
 19.35  and signposted for one-way traffic as a one-way roadway, a 
 19.36  vehicle shall be driven only in the direction designated. 
 20.1      (b) A vehicle passing around a rotary traffic island shall 
 20.2   be driven only to the right of the island. 
 20.3      Subd. 7.  [LANED HIGHWAYS.] When any roadway is divided 
 20.4   into two or more clearly marked lanes for traffic, the following 
 20.5   rules, in addition to all others consistent herewith, shall 
 20.6   apply: 
 20.7      (a) A vehicle shall be driven as nearly as practicable 
 20.8   entirely within a single lane and shall not be moved from that 
 20.9   lane until the driver has first ascertained that the movement 
 20.10  can be made with safety. 
 20.11     (b) Upon a roadway that is not a one-way roadway and that 
 20.12  is divided into three lanes, a vehicle shall not be driven in 
 20.13  the center lane except: 
 20.14     (1) when overtaking and passing another vehicle where the 
 20.15  roadway is clearly visible and the center lane is clear of 
 20.16  traffic within a safe distance; 
 20.17     (2) in preparation for a left turn; or 
 20.18     (3) where the center lane is at the time allocated 
 20.19  exclusively to traffic moving in the direction the vehicle is 
 20.20  proceeding, and is signposted to give notice of that allocation. 
 20.21     (c) The left lane of a three-lane roadway that is not a 
 20.22  one-way roadway shall not be used for overtaking and passing 
 20.23  another vehicle. 
 20.24     (d) Official signs may be erected directing slow-moving 
 20.25  traffic to use a designated lane or allocating specified lanes 
 20.26  to traffic moving in the same direction.  A driver of a vehicle 
 20.27  shall obey the directions of every such sign. 
 20.28     (e) Whenever a bicycle lane has been established on a 
 20.29  roadway, no person operating a motor vehicle on the roadway 
 20.30  shall drive in the bicycle lane except to: 
 20.31     (1) park where parking is permitted; 
 20.32     (2) enter or leave the highway; or 
 20.33     (3) prepare for a turn as provided in section 169D.33, 
 20.34  subdivision 1. 
 20.35     Subd. 8.  [FOLLOWING VEHICLE TOO CLOSELY.] (a) The driver 
 20.36  of a motor vehicle shall not follow another vehicle more closely 
 21.1   than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed 
 21.2   of the vehicle and the traffic upon and conditions of the 
 21.3   highway. 
 21.4      (b) The driver of any motor vehicle drawing another 
 21.5   vehicle, or the driver of any motor truck or bus, when traveling 
 21.6   upon a roadway outside a business or residence district, shall 
 21.7   not follow within 500 feet of another vehicle except: 
 21.8      (1) when overtaking and passing; or 
 21.9      (2) in any lane specially designated for use by motor 
 21.10  trucks. 
 21.11     (c) The driver of a motor vehicle shall not follow within 
 21.12  500 feet of an authorized emergency vehicle that is traveling in 
 21.13  response to an emergency.  
 21.14     Subd. 9.  [DIVIDED HIGHWAYS; CROSSOVERS.] (a) Whenever any 
 21.15  highway has been divided into two or more roadways by leaving an 
 21.16  intervening space or by a physical barrier or clearly indicated 
 21.17  dividing section so constructed as to impede vehicular traffic, 
 21.18  every vehicle shall be driven only upon the right-hand roadway 
 21.19  unless directed or permitted to use another roadway by an 
 21.20  official traffic-control device or a peace officer. 
 21.21     (b) No vehicle shall be driven over, across, or within the 
 21.22  dividing space, barrier, or section, except: 
 21.23     (1) through an opening in the dividing space, barrier, or 
 21.24  section; or 
 21.25     (2) at a crossover or intersection established by public 
 21.26  authority. 
 21.27     Subd. 10.  [SLOW-MOVING VEHICLES.] Upon all roadways any 
 21.28  vehicle proceeding at less than the normal speed of traffic at 
 21.29  the time and place and under the conditions then existing shall 
 21.30  be driven in the right-hand lane then available for traffic, or 
 21.31  as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the 
 21.32  roadway, except when: 
 21.33     (a) overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in 
 21.34  the same direction; 
 21.35     (b) preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into a 
 21.36  private road or driveway; or 
 22.1      (c) a specific lane is designated and posted for a specific 
 22.2   type of traffic. 
 22.3      Sec. 14.  [169D.33] [TURNING AND STARTING.] 
 22.4      Subdivision 1.  [TURNING AT INTERSECTION.] The driver of a 
 22.5   vehicle intending to turn at an intersection shall proceed as 
 22.6   follows: 
 22.7      (a) In approaching and making a right turn, the driver 
 22.8   shall keep the vehicle as close as practicable to the right-hand 
 22.9   curb or edge of the roadway. 
 22.10     (b) A driver on a two-way roadway turning left onto another 
 22.11  two-way roadway shall approach the turn in that portion of the 
 22.12  right half of the roadway nearest the center line.  After 
 22.13  entering the intersection, the driver shall make the left turn 
 22.14  and leave the intersection just to the right of the center line 
 22.15  of the roadway being entered.  Whenever practicable the driver 
 22.16  shall make the left turn in that portion of the intersection to 
 22.17  the left of the center of the intersection. 
 22.18     (c) A driver on a two-way roadway turning left onto a 
 22.19  one-way roadway shall approach the turn in that portion of the 
 22.20  right half of the roadway nearest the center line thereof and 
 22.21  pass to the right of the center line where it enters the 
 22.22  intersection.  The driver shall complete the left turn into the 
 22.23  left lane of the roadway being entered. 
 22.24     (d) A driver on a one-way roadway turning left onto a 
 22.25  two-way roadway shall approach the turn in the left lane and 
 22.26  pass to the right of the center line of the roadway being 
 22.27  entered upon leaving the intersection. 
 22.28     (e) Where both streets or roadways are one way, the driver 
 22.29  shall both approach and make a left turn as close as practicable 
 22.30  to the left-hand curb or edge of the roadway. 
 22.31     (f) Local authorities in their respective jurisdictions may 
 22.32  cause markers, buttons, or signs to be placed within or adjacent 
 22.33  to intersections and thereby require and direct that a different 
 22.34  course from that specified in this section be traveled by 
 22.35  vehicles turning at an intersection.  When markers, buttons, or 
 22.36  signs are so placed, no driver of a vehicle shall turn a vehicle 
 23.1   at an intersection other than as directed and required by the 
 23.2   markers, buttons, or signs. 
 23.3      (g) Whenever it is necessary for the driver of a motor 
 23.4   vehicle to cross a bicycle lane adjacent to the driver's lane of 
 23.5   travel to make a turn, the driver shall drive the motor vehicle 
 23.6   into the bicycle lane prior to making the turn, and shall make 
 23.7   the turn, yielding the right-of-way to any vehicles approaching 
 23.8   so close thereto as to constitute an immediate hazard. 
 23.9      Subd. 2.  [U-TURNS.] (a) No vehicle shall be turned so as 
 23.10  to proceed in the opposite direction upon any curve, or upon the 
 23.11  approach to or near the crest of a grade, where the vehicle 
 23.12  cannot be seen by the driver of any other vehicle approaching 
 23.13  from either direction within 1,000 feet. 
 23.14     (b) No driver of a vehicle shall turn the vehicle so as to 
 23.15  proceed in the opposite direction unless the movement can be 
 23.16  made safely and without interfering with other traffic. 
 23.17     Subd. 3.  [STARTING PARKED CAR.] No person shall start a 
 23.18  vehicle that is stopped, standing, or parked unless and until 
 23.19  the movement can be made with reasonable safety. 
 23.20     Subd. 4.  [CHANGE OF COURSE.] (a) No person shall turn a 
 23.21  vehicle at an intersection unless the vehicle is in proper 
 23.22  position upon the roadway as required in this section. 
 23.23     (b) No person shall turn a vehicle to enter a private road 
 23.24  or driveway or otherwise turn a vehicle from a direct course or 
 23.25  move right or left upon a highway unless and until the movement 
 23.26  can be made with reasonable safety after giving an appropriate 
 23.27  signal in the manner hereinafter provided. 
 23.28     Subd. 5.  [SIGNAL TO TURN.] A signal of intention to turn 
 23.29  right or left shall be given continuously during not less than 
 23.30  the last 100 feet traveled by the vehicle before turning. 
 23.31     Subd. 6.  [SIGNAL TO STOP.] No person shall stop or 
 23.32  suddenly decrease the speed of a vehicle without first giving an 
 23.33  appropriate signal in the manner provided herein to the driver 
 23.34  of any vehicle immediately to the rear unless there is a good 
 23.35  and sufficient reason for not being able to do so. 
 23.36     Subd. 7.  [SIGNALING METHODS.] The signals herein required 
 24.1   shall be given either by means of the hand and arm or by a 
 24.2   signal lamp or signal device of a type approved by the 
 24.3   commissioner of public safety.  However, when a vehicle is so 
 24.4   constructed or loaded that a hand and arm signal would not be 
 24.5   visible in normal sunlight, and at night both to the front and 
 24.6   rear of the vehicle, then the signals must be given by such a 
 24.7   lamp or device. 
 24.8      Subd. 8.  [HAND SIGNALS.] When the signal is given by means 
 24.9   of the hand and arm the driver shall indicate intention to 
 24.10  start, stop, or turn by extending the hand and arm from and 
 24.11  beyond the left side of the vehicle in the following manner and 
 24.12  these signals shall indicate as follows: 
 24.13     (a) Left turn. -- Hand and arm extended horizontally. 
 24.14     (b) Right turn. -- Hand and arm extended upward, except 
 24.15  that a bicyclist or motorcyclist may extend the right hand and 
 24.16  arm horizontally to the right side of the bicycle or motorcycle. 
 24.17     (c) Stop or decrease speed. -- Hand and arm extended 
 24.18  downward. 
 24.19     Sec. 15.  [169D.35] [RIGHT-OF-WAY.] 
 24.20     Subdivision 1.  [APPROACHING INTERSECTION.] (a) When two 
 24.21  vehicles enter an uncontrolled intersection from different 
 24.22  highways at approximately the same time, the driver of the 
 24.23  vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle 
 24.24  on the right. 
 24.25     (b) When two vehicles enter an intersection controlled by 
 24.26  stop signs or by blinking red traffic signals requiring drivers 
 24.27  or vehicles from any direction to stop before proceeding, the 
 24.28  driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way 
 24.29  to the vehicle on the right. 
 24.30     (c) At an uncontrolled approach to a T-shaped intersection, 
 24.31  the driver required to turn shall yield to the cross traffic. 
 24.32     (d) The driver of any vehicle traveling at an unlawful 
 24.33  speed forfeits any right-of-way that the driver might otherwise 
 24.34  have hereunder. 
 24.35     (e) The foregoing rules are modified as hereinafter stated 
 24.36  in this section. 
 25.1      Subd. 2.  [LEFT TURNS.] The driver of a vehicle intending 
 25.2   to turn to the left within an intersection or into an alley, 
 25.3   private road, or driveway shall yield the right-of-way to any 
 25.4   vehicle approaching from the opposite direction that is within 
 25.5   the intersection or so close thereto as to constitute an 
 25.6   immediate hazard. 
 25.7      Subd. 3.  [THROUGH HIGHWAY; STOP SIGN.] (a) The driver of a 
 25.8   vehicle shall stop as required by this chapter at the entrance 
 25.9   to a through highway and shall yield the right-of-way to other 
 25.10  vehicles that have entered the intersection from the through 
 25.11  highway or that are approaching so closely on the through 
 25.12  highway as to constitute an immediate hazard. 
 25.13     (b) The driver having so yielded may proceed, and the 
 25.14  drivers of all other vehicles approaching the intersection on 
 25.15  the through highway shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicles 
 25.16  so proceeding into or across the through highway. 
 25.17     (c) The driver of a vehicle shall likewise stop in 
 25.18  obedience to a stop sign, as required herein, at an intersection 
 25.19  where a stop sign is erected at one or more entrances thereto 
 25.20  although not a part of a through highway, and shall proceed 
 25.21  cautiously, yielding to vehicles not so obliged to stop that are 
 25.22  within the intersection or approaching so closely as to 
 25.23  constitute an immediate hazard, but may then proceed. 
 25.24     Subd. 4.  [VEHICLE ENTERING ROADWAY.] The driver of a 
 25.25  vehicle about to enter or cross a roadway from any place other 
 25.26  than a roadway shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles 
 25.27  approaching on the roadway to be entered or crossed. 
 25.28     Subd. 5.  [EMERGENCY VEHICLE.] (a) Upon the immediate 
 25.29  approach of an authorized emergency vehicle equipped with at 
 25.30  least one lighted lamp exhibiting red light visible under normal 
 25.31  atmospheric conditions from a distance of 500 feet to the front 
 25.32  of the vehicle and, except where otherwise not required by law, 
 25.33  when the driver is giving audible signal by siren, the driver of 
 25.34  each other vehicle shall yield the right-of-way and shall 
 25.35  immediately drive to a position parallel to and as close as 
 25.36  possible to the right-hand edge or curb of the highway clear of 
 26.1   any intersection, and shall stop and remain in this position 
 26.2   until the authorized emergency vehicle has passed, except when 
 26.3   otherwise directed by a peace officer.  The driver of another 
 26.4   vehicle on a one-way roadway shall drive to the closest edge or 
 26.5   curb and stop. 
 26.6      (b) The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle escorting 
 26.7   the movement of a vehicle or load that is oversize or overweight 
 26.8   need not sound an audible signal by siren but shall exhibit the 
 26.9   light required by paragraph (a).  The driver of each other 
 26.10  vehicle then shall yield the right-of-way, as required by 
 26.11  paragraph (a), to the emergency vehicle escorting the vehicle or 
 26.12  load that is oversize or overweight. 
 26.13     (c) This subdivision does not relieve the driver of an 
 26.14  authorized emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due 
 26.15  regard for the safety of persons using the highways.  
 26.16     Subd. 6.  [EMERGENCY VEHICLE; CITATION UPON PROBABLE 
 26.17  CAUSE.] A peace officer may issue a citation in lieu of arrest 
 26.18  to the driver of a motor vehicle if the peace officer has 
 26.19  probable cause to believe that the driver has failed to yield 
 26.20  the right-of-way to an emergency vehicle in violation of 
 26.21  subdivision 5. 
 26.22     Subd. 7.  [FUNERAL PROCESSION.] When any funeral procession 
 26.23  identifies itself by using regular lights on all cars and by 
 26.24  keeping all cars in close formation, the driver of every other 
 26.25  vehicle, except an emergency vehicle, shall yield the 
 26.26  right-of-way. 
 26.27     Subd. 8.  [TRANSIT BUS.] The driver of a vehicle traveling 
 26.28  in the right-hand lane of traffic shall yield the right-of-way 
 26.29  to any transit bus attempting to enter that lane from a bus stop 
 26.30  or shoulder, as indicated by a flashing left turn signal. 
 26.31     Sec. 16.  [169D.355] [INFRACTION OWNER OR LESSEE 
 26.32  RESPONSIBILITY FOR FAILURE TO YIELD TO EMERGENCY VEHICLE.] 
 26.33     Subdivision 1.  [OWNER OR LESSEE RESPONSIBLE.] Except as 
 26.34  provided in subdivision 2, if a motor vehicle is operated in 
 26.35  violation of section 169D.35, subdivision 5, the owner of the 
 26.36  vehicle, or for a leased motor vehicle the lessee of the 
 27.1   vehicle, is guilty of an infraction. 
 27.2      Subd. 2.  [EXCEPTIONS.] Subdivision 1 does not apply: 
 27.3      (a) if a person other than the owner or lessee was 
 27.4   operating the vehicle at the time the violation occurred; 
 27.5      (b) if the owner presents written evidence that the motor 
 27.6   vehicle had been reported to a law enforcement agency as stolen 
 27.7   at the time of the violation; 
 27.8      (c) if the motor vehicle operator is prosecuted for 
 27.9   violating section 169D.35, subdivision 5; or 
 27.10     (d) to a lessor of a motor vehicle if the lessor keeps a 
 27.11  record of the lessee's name and address. 
 27.12     Subd. 3.  [OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITY UNAFFECTED.] Subdivision 
 27.13  1 does not prohibit or limit the prosecution of a motor vehicle 
 27.14  operator for violating section 169D.35, subdivision 5. 
 27.15     Subd. 4.  [NO GROUNDS FOR REVOCATION OR SUSPENSION OF 
 27.16  LICENSE.] A violation under subdivision 1 does not constitute 
 27.17  grounds for revoking or suspending the owner's or lessee's 
 27.18  driver's license.  
 27.19     Sec. 17.  [169D.37] [YIELD SIGN.] 
 27.20     The driver of a vehicle approaching a YIELD sign shall: 
 27.21     (a) slow to a speed that is reasonable for conditions of 
 27.22  traffic and visibility; 
 27.23     (b) stop if necessary; and 
 27.24     (c) yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian legally 
 27.25  crossing the roadway, and to all vehicles on the intersecting 
 27.26  street or highway that are so close as to constitute an 
 27.27  immediate hazard. 
 27.28     Sec. 18.  [169D.39] [SAFETY ZONE.] 
 27.29     No vehicle shall at any time be driven through a safety 
 27.30  zone. 
 27.31                         RAILROAD CROSSINGS 
 27.32     Sec. 19.  [169D.41] [SPECIAL STOPS AT RAILROADS.] 
 27.33     Subdivision 1.  [REQUIREMENTS.] (a) When any person driving 
 27.34  a vehicle approaches a railroad grade crossing under any of the 
 27.35  circumstances stated in this paragraph, the driver shall stop 
 27.36  the vehicle not less than ten feet from the nearest railroad 
 28.1   track and shall not proceed until safe to do so.  These 
 28.2   requirements apply when: 
 28.3      (1) a clearly visible electric or mechanical signal device 
 28.4   warns of the immediate approach of a railroad train; 
 28.5      (2) a crossing gate is lowered warning of the immediate 
 28.6   approach or passage of a railroad train; or 
 28.7      (3) an approaching railroad train is plainly visible and is 
 28.8   in hazardous proximity. 
 28.9      (b) The fact that a moving train approaching a railroad 
 28.10  grade crossing is visible from the crossing is prima facie 
 28.11  evidence that it is not safe to proceed. 
 28.12     (c) The driver of a vehicle shall stop and remain stopped 
 28.13  and not traverse the grade crossing when a human flagger signals 
 28.14  the approach or passage of a train.  No person may drive a 
 28.15  vehicle past a flagger at a railroad crossing until the flagger 
 28.16  signals that the way is clear to proceed. 
 28.17     Subd. 2.  [ARREST UPON PROBABLE CAUSE.] A peace officer may 
 28.18  arrest the driver of a motor vehicle if the officer has probable 
 28.19  cause to believe that the driver has operated the vehicle in 
 28.20  violation of subdivision 1 within the past four hours. 
 28.21     Sec. 20.  [169D.413] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR RAILROAD 
 28.22  CROSSING VIOLATION.] 
 28.23     A driver who violates section 169D.41, subdivision 1, is 
 28.24  guilty of a second degree misdemeanor. 
 28.25     Sec. 21.  [169D.415] [INFRACTION OWNER OR LESSEE 
 28.26  RESPONSIBILITY FOR RAILROAD CROSSING VIOLATION.] 
 28.27     Subdivision 1.  [OWNER OR LESSEE RESPONSIBLE.] Except as 
 28.28  provided in subdivision 2, the owner or, in the case of a leased 
 28.29  vehicle, the lessee of a motor vehicle is guilty of an 
 28.30  infraction if a motor vehicle owned or leased by that person is 
 28.31  operated in violation of section 169D.41, subdivision 1. 
 28.32     Subd. 2.  [EXCEPTIONS.] Subdivision 1 does not apply: 
 28.33     (a) if a person other than the owner or lessee was 
 28.34  operating the vehicle at the time the violation occurred; 
 28.35     (b) if the owner presents written evidence that the motor 
 28.36  vehicle had been reported to a law enforcement agency as stolen 
 29.1   at the time of the violation; 
 29.2      (c) if the motor vehicle operator is prosecuted for 
 29.3   violating section 169D.41, subdivision 1; or 
 29.4      (d) to a lessor of a motor vehicle if the lessor keeps a 
 29.5   record of the lessee's name and address. 
 29.6      Subd. 3.  [OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITY UNAFFECTED.] Subdivision 
 29.7   1 does not prohibit or limit the prosecution of a motor vehicle 
 29.8   operator for violating section 169D.41, subdivision 1. 
 29.9      Subd. 4.  [NO GROUNDS FOR REVOKING OR SUSPENDING 
 29.10  LICENSE.] A violation of subdivision 1 does not constitute 
 29.11  grounds for revoking or suspending the owner's or lessee's 
 29.12  driver's license. 
 29.13     Sec. 22.  [169D.43] [CERTAIN VEHICLES TO STOP AT 
 29.14  RAILROADS.] 
 29.15     Subdivision 1.  [STOP REQUIRED.] (a) The driver of any 
 29.16  motor vehicle carrying passengers for hire, or of any school bus 
 29.17  whether carrying passengers or not, or of any Head Start bus 
 29.18  whether carrying passengers or not, or of any vehicle carrying 
 29.19  explosive substances or flammable liquids, or liquid gas under 
 29.20  pressure as a cargo or part of a cargo, before crossing at grade 
 29.21  any track or tracks of a railroad, shall: 
 29.22     (1) stop the vehicle not less than ten feet from the 
 29.23  nearest rail of the railroad; 
 29.24     (2) while so stopped shall listen and look in both 
 29.25  directions along the track for any approaching train, and for 
 29.26  signals indicating the approach of a train, except as 
 29.27  hereinafter provided; and 
 29.28     (3) shall not proceed until it is safe to do so. 
 29.29     (b) A school bus or Head Start bus shall not be flagged 
 29.30  across railroad grade crossings except at those railroad grade 
 29.31  crossings that the local school administrative officer 
 29.32  designates. 
 29.33     Subd. 2.  [EXEMPT CROSSINGS.] (a) The commissioner may 
 29.34  designate a crossing as an exempt crossing if the crossing is: 
 29.35     (1) on a rail line on which service has been abandoned; or 
 29.36     (2) on a rail line that carries fewer than five trains each 
 30.1   year, traveling at speeds of ten miles per hour or less. 
 30.2      (b) The commissioner shall direct the railroad to erect at 
 30.3   the crossing signs bearing the word "Exempt" that conform to 
 30.4   section 169D.07.  The installation or presence of an exempt sign 
 30.5   does not relieve a driver of the duty to use due care. 
 30.6      (c) A train must not proceed across an exempt crossing 
 30.7   unless a peace officer is present to direct traffic or a 
 30.8   railroad employee is on the ground to warn traffic until the 
 30.9   train enters the crossing. 
 30.10     (d) A vehicle that must stop at grade crossings under 
 30.11  subdivision 1 is not required to stop at a marked exempt 
 30.12  crossing unless directed otherwise by a peace officer or a 
 30.13  railroad employee. 
 30.14     Sec. 23.  [169D.45] [CROSSING RAILROAD TRACKS WITH CERTAIN 
 30.15  EQUIPMENT. ] 
 30.16     Subdivision 1.  [EQUIPMENT COVERED.] No person shall 
 30.17  operate or move any caterpillar tractor, steam shovel, derrick, 
 30.18  roller, or any equipment or structure having a normal operating 
 30.19  speed of six or less miles per hour or a vertical body or load 
 30.20  clearance of less than nine inches above the level surface of a 
 30.21  roadway upon or across any tracks at a railroad grade crossing 
 30.22  without first complying with this section. 
 30.23     Subd. 2.  [STOP, LOOK, AND LISTEN.] Before making any 
 30.24  crossing, the person operating or moving any vehicle or 
 30.25  equipment set forth in this section shall first stop the same 
 30.26  not less than ten, nor more than 50, feet from the nearest rail 
 30.27  of the railway, and while so stopped shall listen and look in 
 30.28  both directions along the track for any approaching train and 
 30.29  for signals indicating the approach of a train, and shall not 
 30.30  proceed until the crossing can be made safely. 
 30.31     Subd. 3.  [CROSSING PROHIBITED.] No crossing shall be made 
 30.32  when warning is given by automatic signal or crossing gates or a 
 30.33  flagger or otherwise of the immediate approach of a railroad 
 30.34  train or car. 
 30.35     Subd. 4.  [ABANDONED LINE.] No stop need be made at a 
 30.36  crossing on a rail line on which service has been abandoned and 
 31.1   where a sign erected in conformance with section 169D.07 and 
 31.2   bearing the word "Exempt" has been installed, unless directed 
 31.3   otherwise by a flagger.  The installation or presence of an 
 31.4   exempt sign shall not relieve any driver of the duty to use due 
 31.5   care. 
 31.6                CONTROLLED ACCESS AND THROUGH HIGHWAYS 
 31.7      Sec. 24.  [169D.51] [THROUGH HIGHWAYS AND STOP OR YIELD 
 31.8   INTERSECTIONS.] 
 31.9      Subdivision 1.  [DESIGNATION.] The commissioner, with 
 31.10  reference to state trunk highways, and local authorities, with 
 31.11  reference to other highways under their jurisdiction, may 
 31.12  designate through highways by erecting stop signs or yield signs 
 31.13  at entrances thereto or may designate any intersection as a stop 
 31.14  or yield intersection by erecting like signs at one or more 
 31.15  entrances to the intersection.  Local authorities, with the 
 31.16  commissioner's consent, may designate through highway or stop or 
 31.17  yield intersections on state trunk highways. 
 31.18     Subd. 2.  [DUTY TO STOP.] Every driver of a vehicle shall 
 31.19  stop at a stop sign or at a clearly marked stop line before 
 31.20  entering the intersection, except when directed to proceed by a 
 31.21  peace officer or traffic-control signal. 
 31.22     Sec. 25.  [169D.53] [CONTROLLED ACCESS HIGHWAYS.] 
 31.23     Subdivision 1.  [ENTRANCES AND EXITS; CROSSOVERS; USE BY 
 31.24  PEDESTRIANS AND NONMOTORIZED VEHICLES; SIGNS; RULES.] (a) No 
 31.25  person shall drive a vehicle onto or from any controlled access 
 31.26  highway except at the entrances and exits established by public 
 31.27  authority. 
 31.28     (b) When special crossovers between the main roadways of a 
 31.29  controlled access highway are provided for emergency vehicles or 
 31.30  maintenance equipment and the crossovers are signed to prohibit 
 31.31  "U" turns, it is unlawful for any vehicle, except an authorized 
 31.32  emergency vehicle, maintenance equipment, construction equipment 
 31.33  including contractor's and state-owned equipment when operating 
 31.34  within a marked construction zone, or a tow truck or towing 
 31.35  vehicle if it is on the way to the location of an accident or a 
 31.36  disabled vehicle, to use the crossover.  Vehicles owned and 
 32.1   operated by elderly and needy persons under contract with the 
 32.2   commissioner pursuant to section 160.282 for maintenance 
 32.3   services on highway rest stop and tourist centers outside the 
 32.4   seven-county metropolitan area as defined in section 473.121, 
 32.5   may also use these crossovers while those persons are proceeding 
 32.6   to or from work in the rest area or tourist center if authorized 
 32.7   by the commissioner, and the vehicle carries on its roof a 
 32.8   distinctive flag designed and issued by the commissioner. 
 32.9      (c) The commissioner may by order, and any public authority 
 32.10  may by ordinance, with respect to any controlled access highway 
 32.11  under their jurisdictions prohibit or regulate the use of any 
 32.12  such highway by pedestrians, bicycles, or other nonmotorized 
 32.13  traffic, or by motorized bicycles, or by any class or kind of 
 32.14  traffic that is found to be incompatible with the normal and 
 32.15  safe flow of traffic. 
 32.16     (d) The commissioner or the public authority adopting any 
 32.17  such prohibitory rules shall erect and maintain official signs 
 32.18  on the controlled access highway on which the rules are 
 32.19  applicable.  When the signs are erected, no person shall disobey 
 32.20  the restrictions stated on the signs. 
 32.21     Subd. 2.  [BACKING.] Except for a driver of an authorized 
 32.22  emergency vehicle in the course of performing duties, no driver 
 32.23  of a vehicle shall back the same upon the roadway or shoulder of 
 32.24  any controlled access highway. 
 32.25                            FIRE SCENES 
 32.26     Sec. 26.  [169D.61] [FIRE APPARATUS; FIRE STATIONS.] 
 32.27     Subdivision 1.  [FOLLOWING FIRE APPARATUS; PARKING AT FIRE 
 32.28  SCENE.] The driver of any vehicle other than one on official 
 32.29  business shall not: 
 32.30     (a) follow any fire apparatus traveling in response to a 
 32.31  fire alarm closer than 500 feet; or 
 32.32     (b) drive into or park the vehicle within the block where 
 32.33  fire apparatus has stopped in answer to a fire alarm. 
 32.34     Subd. 2.  [FIRE STATION ENTRANCE.] No person shall drive a 
 32.35  vehicle within 50 feet of the driveway entrance to any fire 
 32.36  station while fire apparatus is being driven into the fire 
 33.1   station unless on official business. 
 33.2      Sec. 27.  [169D.63] [CROSSING FIRE HOSE.] 
 33.3      No vehicle shall be driven over any unprotected hose of a 
 33.4   fire department when laid down on any street or private 
 33.5   driveway, to be used at any fire or alarm of fire, without the 
 33.6   consent of the fire department official in command. 
 33.7                        DUTIES TO PEDESTRIANS 
 33.8      Sec. 28.  [169D.71] [STOPPING AND YIELDING AT CROSSWALK.] 
 33.9      Subdivision 1.  [IN ABSENCE OF SIGNALS.] Where 
 33.10  traffic-control signals are not in place or in operation, the 
 33.11  driver of a vehicle shall stop to yield the right-of-way to a 
 33.12  pedestrian crossing the roadway within a marked crosswalk or 
 33.13  within any crosswalk at an intersection, but no pedestrian shall 
 33.14  suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and walk or run 
 33.15  into the path of a vehicle which is so close that it is 
 33.16  impossible for the driver to yield.  This subdivision does not 
 33.17  apply if traffic-control signals are in place and in operation. 
 33.18     Subd. 2.  [PASSING VEHICLE STOPPED FOR PEDESTRIAN.] When 
 33.19  any vehicle is stopped at a marked crosswalk or at any unmarked 
 33.20  crosswalk at an intersection to permit a pedestrian to cross the 
 33.21  roadway, the driver of any other vehicle approaching from the 
 33.22  rear shall not overtake and pass the stopped vehicle. 
 33.23     Subd. 3.  [SCHOOL CHILDREN CROSSING VIOLATION.] It is 
 33.24  unlawful for any person to drive a motor vehicle through a 
 33.25  column of school children crossing a street or highway or past a 
 33.26  member of a school safety patrol or adult crossing guard, while 
 33.27  the member of the school safety patrol or adult crossing guard 
 33.28  is directing the movement of children across a street or highway 
 33.29  and while the school safety patrol member or adult crossing 
 33.30  guard is holding an official signal in the stop position. 
 33.31     Sec. 29.  [169D.713] [FIRST DEGREE MISDEMEANOR SCHOOL 
 33.32  CHILDREN CROSSING VIOLATION.] 
 33.33     A person who violates section 169D.71, subdivision 3, a 
 33.34  second or subsequent time within one year after a previous 
 33.35  conviction under that provision is guilty of a first degree 
 33.36  misdemeanor. 
 34.1      Sec. 30.  [169D.715] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR CROSSING 
 34.2   VIOLATION.] 
 34.3      Except as provided in section 169D.713, a person is guilty 
 34.4   of a second degree misdemeanor if the person: 
 34.5      (a) violates section 169D.71, subdivision 3; or 
 34.6      (b) violates section 169D.71, subdivision 1 or 2, a second 
 34.7   or subsequent time within one year after a previous conviction 
 34.8   under section 169D.71. 
 34.9      Sec. 31.  [169D.717] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR CROSSING 
 34.10  VIOLATION.] 
 34.11     Except as provided in sections 169D.713 and 169D.715, 
 34.12  whoever violates section 169D.71 is guilty of a third degree 
 34.13  misdemeanor. 
 34.14     Sec. 32.  [169D.73] [PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS.] 
 34.15     The commissioner shall include in the department's series 
 34.16  of public service announcements information that educates the 
 34.17  public about traffic regulations that are frequently violated, 
 34.18  including the requirement for a vehicle driver to stop to yield 
 34.19  the right-of-way to a pedestrian in a crosswalk.  The 
 34.20  commissioner shall distribute these announcements for broadcast 
 34.21  in this state on radio and television. 
 34.22     Sec. 33.  [169D.75] [STOPPING AND YIELDING FOR BLIND PERSON 
 34.23  CARRYING WHITE CANE.] 
 34.24     Any person operating a motor vehicle in this state shall 
 34.25  bring the motor vehicle to a stop and give the right-of-way at 
 34.26  any intersection of any street, avenue, alley, or other public 
 34.27  highway to a blind pedestrian who is carrying a cane 
 34.28  predominantly white or metallic in color, with or without red 
 34.29  tip, or using a guide dog, when the blind person enters the 
 34.30  intersection. 
 34.31     Sec. 34.  [169D.77] [STOPPING AT SIDEWALK. ] 
 34.32     The driver of a vehicle within a business or residence 
 34.33  district emerging from an alley, driveway, or building shall 
 34.34  stop the vehicle immediately prior to driving onto a sidewalk or 
 34.35  into the sidewalk area and shall yield the right-of-way to any 
 34.36  pedestrian and all other traffic on the sidewalk. 
 35.1      Sec. 35.  [169D.79] [GENERAL DUTY OF CARE TO PEDESTRIANS 
 35.2   AND BICYCLISTS.] 
 35.3      Notwithstanding the duties of pedestrians and bicyclists, 
 35.4   every driver of a vehicle shall: 
 35.5      (1) exercise due care to avoid colliding with any bicycle 
 35.6   or pedestrian upon any roadway; and 
 35.7      (2) give an audible signal when necessary and exercise 
 35.8   proper precaution upon observing any child or any obviously 
 35.9   confused or incapacitated person upon a roadway. 
 35.10                        OTHER TRAFFIC RULES 
 35.11     Sec. 36.  [169D.81] [OPENING AND CLOSING VEHICLE DOORS.] 
 35.12     No person shall: 
 35.13     (a) open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is 
 35.14  reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering 
 35.15  with the movement of other traffic; or 
 35.16     (b) allow any door on the side of a vehicle adjacent to 
 35.17  moving traffic to remain open for a period of time longer than 
 35.18  necessary to load or unload passengers. 
 35.19     Sec. 37.  [169D.83] [SWINGING GATES; TAILGATES.] 
 35.20     Subdivision 1.  [SWINGING GATE.] No truck shall be operated 
 35.21  on any highway with gate, loading rack, or partition carried in 
 35.22  any manner on any part of the exterior of the truck, unless the 
 35.23  top and bottom of the gate, loading rack or partition is 
 35.24  securely attached to the truck, so as to prevent swinging or 
 35.25  becoming loose. 
 35.26     Subd. 2.  [TAILGATE.] No truck shall be driven or parked on 
 35.27  any highway with tailgate or tailboard hanging down or 
 35.28  projecting from the vehicle except while the vehicle is being 
 35.29  loaded or unloaded, and except when a load on the tailboard 
 35.30  renders impossible the closing of the tailboard. 
 35.31     Sec. 38.  [169D.85] [HITCHING OR CLINGING TO VEHICLE.] 
 35.32     Persons riding upon any bicycle, coaster, roller skates, 
 35.33  toboggan, sled, skateboard, toy vehicle, or similar device shall 
 35.34  not attach the same or themselves to any motor vehicle or 
 35.35  vehicle attached to a motor vehicle upon a roadway. 
 35.36     Sec. 39.  [169D.87] [OBSTRUCTING DRIVER'S VIEW.] 
 36.1      Subdivision 1.  [DRIVING WITH LOAD OBSTRUCTION.] No person 
 36.2   shall drive a vehicle when it is so loaded, or when there are in 
 36.3   the front seat such number of persons, exceeding three, as to 
 36.4   obstruct the driver's view to the front or sides of the vehicle 
 36.5   or as to interfere with the driver's control over the driving 
 36.6   mechanism of the vehicle.  
 36.7      Subd. 2.  [PASSENGER OBSTRUCTING DRIVER'S VIEW.] No 
 36.8   passenger in a vehicle or street car shall ride in such position 
 36.9   as to: 
 36.10     (a) interfere with the driver's view ahead or to the sides; 
 36.11  or 
 36.12     (b) interfere with the driver's control over the driving 
 36.13  mechanism of the vehicle or street car. 
 36.14     Sec. 40.  [169D.89] [COASTING.] 
 36.15     Subdivision 1.  [COASTING IN NEUTRAL.] The driver of any 
 36.16  motor vehicle when traveling upon a down grade shall not coast 
 36.17  with the gears of the vehicle in neutral. 
 36.18     Subd. 2.  [COMMERCIAL DRIVER COASTING WITH CLUTCH 
 36.19  DISENGAGED.] The driver of a commercial motor vehicle when 
 36.20  traveling upon a downgrade shall not coast with the clutch 
 36.21  disengaged. 
 36.22                             ARTICLE 2 
 36.23                         SCHOOL BUS SAFETY 
 36.24                             GENERALLY 
 36.25     Section 1.  [169E.03] [STATE SCHOOL BUS SAFETY 
 36.26  ADMINISTRATION.] 
 36.27     Subdivision 1.  [RESPONSIBILITY; DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC 
 36.28  SAFETY.] The department has the primary responsibility for 
 36.29  school transportation safety.  To oversee school transportation 
 36.30  safety, the commissioner shall establish a school bus safety 
 36.31  advisory committee according to subdivision 2.  The commissioner 
 36.32  or the commissioner's designee shall serve as state director of 
 36.33  pupil transportation according to subdivision 3. 
 36.34     Subd. 2.  [SCHOOL BUS SAFETY ADVISORY COMMITTEE.] (a) The 
 36.35  commissioner shall establish the school bus safety advisory 
 36.36  committee.  The commissioner shall provide the committee with 
 37.1   meeting space and clerical support.  The commissioner or the 
 37.2   commissioner's designee shall chair the committee.  The members 
 37.3   of the committee also shall include: 
 37.4      (1) the commissioner of children, families, and learning or 
 37.5   the commissioner's designee; 
 37.6      (2) the commissioner of human rights or the commissioner's 
 37.7   designee; 
 37.8      (3) a county or city attorney; 
 37.9      (4) a representative of the state patrol; 
 37.10     (5) a school board member; 
 37.11     (6) a school superintendent; 
 37.12     (7) two school bus drivers, one representing the 
 37.13  metropolitan area and one representing greater Minnesota; 
 37.14     (8) two school transportation contractors, one representing 
 37.15  the metropolitan areas and one representing greater Minnesota; 
 37.16     (9) two school transportation safety directors, one 
 37.17  representing the metropolitan area and one representing greater 
 37.18  Minnesota; and 
 37.19     (10) five public members, including at least four parents 
 37.20  of children who ride a school bus, among them a parent of a 
 37.21  child with a disability.  The public members shall be 
 37.22  geographically representative. 
 37.23     (b) The commissioner, in consultation with the commissioner 
 37.24  of children, families, and learning, shall appoint the members 
 37.25  listed in paragraph (a), clauses (3) to (9).  The governor shall 
 37.26  appoint the public members in paragraph (a), clause (10).  
 37.27  Terms, compensation, and removal of committee members shall be 
 37.28  according to section 15.059.  The committee shall meet quarterly 
 37.29  or as required by the chair. 
 37.30     (c) The duties of the committee shall include: 
 37.31     (1) an annual report by January 15 to the governor and the 
 37.32  education committees of the legislature, including 
 37.33  recommendations for legislative action when needed, on student 
 37.34  bus safety education, school bus equipment requirements and 
 37.35  inspection, bus driver licensing, training, and qualifications, 
 37.36  bus operation procedures, student behavior and discipline, rules 
 38.1   of the road, school bus safety education for the public, or any 
 38.2   other aspects of school transportation safety the committee 
 38.3   considers appropriate; 
 38.4      (2) a quarterly review of all school transportation 
 38.5   accidents, crimes, incidents of serious misconduct, incidents 
 38.6   that result in serious personal injury or death, and bus driver 
 38.7   dismissals for cause; and 
 38.8      (3) periodic review of school district comprehensive 
 38.9   transportation safety policies. 
 38.10     Subd. 3.  [PUPIL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY DIRECTOR.] (a) The 
 38.11  commissioner or the commissioner's designee shall serve as pupil 
 38.12  transportation safety director. 
 38.13     (b) The duties of the pupil transportation safety director 
 38.14  shall include: 
 38.15     (1) overseeing all department activities related to school 
 38.16  bus safety; 
 38.17     (2) assisting in the development, interpretation, and 
 38.18  implementation of laws and policies relating to school bus 
 38.19  safety; 
 38.20     (3) supervising preparation of the school bus inspection 
 38.21  manual; 
 38.22     (4) in conjunction with the department of children, 
 38.23  families, and learning, assisting school districts in developing 
 38.24  and implementing comprehensive transportation policies; and 
 38.25     (5) providing information requested by the school bus 
 38.26  safety advisory committee. 
 38.27     Sec. 2.  [169E.05] [SCHOOL BUS IDENTIFICATION.] 
 38.28     Subdivision 1.  [IDENTIFICATION AND SIGNAL REQUIREMENTS, 
 38.29  GENERALLY.] For purposes of sections 169E.05 to 169E.31, school 
 38.30  bus means a motor vehicle that is outwardly equipped and 
 38.31  identified as a school bus.  A motor vehicle that satisfies the 
 38.32  identification requirements of this section and the signal 
 38.33  equipment requirements of section 169E.07 is considered 
 38.34  outwardly equipped and identified as a school bus. 
 38.35     Subd. 2.  [HEAD START BUSES; COLOR; IDENTIFICATION.] (a) A 
 38.36  Head Start bus is exempt from the color requirements of this 
 39.1   chapter. 
 39.2      (b) A type A, B, C, or D Head Start bus must bear on its 
 39.3   front and rear a plainly visible sign containing the words "Head 
 39.4   Start bus" in letters at least eight inches in height. 
 39.5      Subd. 3.  [SIGN ON BUS; APPLICATION OF OTHER LAW.] (a) 
 39.6   Sections 169E.11, subdivision 2, and 169E.21, subdivisions 1, 4, 
 39.7   and 5, apply only if the school bus bears on its front and rear 
 39.8   a plainly visible sign containing the words "school bus" in 
 39.9   letters at least eight inches in height. 
 39.10     (b) Except as provided in section 169E.11, subdivision 7, 
 39.11  the sign must be removed or covered when the vehicle is being 
 39.12  used as other than a school bus. 
 39.13     Subd. 4.  ["MN" DESIGNATION IN BUS BODY SERIAL 
 39.14  NUMBER.] School bus bodies manufactured after December 31, 1991, 
 39.15  and Head Start bus bodies manufactured after December 31, 1994, 
 39.16  and used on streets and highways in Minnesota must bear the 
 39.17  designation "MN" within the bus body identification number.  The 
 39.18  "MN" designation may be made only by the manufacturer and must 
 39.19  not be located on either end of the bus body identification 
 39.20  number.  The manufacturer of the school bus body certifies by 
 39.21  the "MN" designation that the bus body has been manufactured to 
 39.22  meet the minimum standards required of school bus bodies and 
 39.23  Head Start bus bodies by law.  A school bus body manufactured 
 39.24  before January 1, 1992, that does not bear a current inspection 
 39.25  sticker on July 1, 1992, may not be used on streets and highways 
 39.26  in Minnesota after July 1, 1992, unless its manufacturer 
 39.27  recertifies that the school bus body meets minimum standards 
 39.28  required of school bus bodies by law. 
 39.29     Subd. 5.  [OPTIONAL MARKINGS; RULES.] A school district may 
 39.30  elect to show on the front and rear of the school buses that it 
 39.31  owns or contracts for, a plainly visible, summary message 
 39.32  explaining sections 169E.21, subdivision 1, 169E.213, and 
 39.33  169E.215.  If the school district elects to display the message, 
 39.34  it must conform with the rules of the commissioner of children, 
 39.35  families, and learning.  The commissioner shall adopt rules 
 39.36  governing the size, type, design, display, and content of the 
 40.1   summary message that may be shown. 
 40.2      Sec. 3.  [169E.07] [SCHOOL BUS SIGNALS.] 
 40.3      Subdivision 1.  [SIGNALS REQUIRED.] A type A, B, C, or D 
 40.4   school bus must be equipped with a stop signal arm, prewarning 
 40.5   flashing amber signals, and flashing red signals. 
 40.6      Subd. 2.  [OPTIONAL WARNING SYSTEM.] In addition to 
 40.7   equipment required under subdivision 1, and notwithstanding 
 40.8   section 169F.39, a school bus may be equipped with a 
 40.9   driver-activated, exterior student-control, warning system.  The 
 40.10  driver shall activate this system when the use of the stop 
 40.11  signal arm and flashing red signals is required under section 
 40.12  169E.11, subdivision 1. 
 40.13     Subd. 3.  [WHITE STROBE LAMPS ON CERTAIN BUSES TRANSPORTING 
 40.14  CHILDREN.] (a) Notwithstanding sections 169F.23, subdivision 1; 
 40.15  169F.27, subdivision 3, paragraph (b), or other law to the 
 40.16  contrary, a school bus that is subject to and complies with the 
 40.17  equipment requirements of subdivision 1 and section 169E.05, 
 40.18  subdivision 1, or a Head Start bus that is not a type III bus 
 40.19  defined in section 169A.05, subdivision 103, may be equipped 
 40.20  with a 360-degree, flashing strobe lamp that emits a white light 
 40.21  with a flash rate of 60 to 120 flashes a minute.  The lamp may 
 40.22  be used only as provided in this subdivision. 
 40.23     (b) The strobe lamp must be of a double flash type 
 40.24  certified to the commissioner by the manufacturer as being 
 40.25  weatherproof and having a minimum effective light output of 200 
 40.26  candelas as measured by the Blondel-Rey formula.  The lamp must 
 40.27  be permanently mounted on the longitudinal center line of the 
 40.28  bus roof not less than two feet nor more than seven feet forward 
 40.29  of the rear roof edge.  It must operate from a separate switch 
 40.30  containing an indicator lamp to show when the strobe lamp is in 
 40.31  use. 
 40.32     (c) The strobe lamp may be lighted only when atmospheric 
 40.33  conditions or terrain restrict the visibility of school bus 
 40.34  lamps and signals or Head Start bus lamps and signals so as to 
 40.35  require use of the bright strobe lamp to alert motorists to the 
 40.36  presence of the school bus or Head Start bus.  A strobe lamp may 
 41.1   not be lighted unless the school bus or Head Start bus is 
 41.2   actually being used as a school bus or Head Start bus. 
 41.3      Sec. 4.  [169E.11] [SAFETY OF SCHOOL CHILDREN; BUS DRIVER'S 
 41.4   DUTIES.] 
 41.5      Subdivision 1.  [USING BUS SIGNALS.] (a) A driver of a 
 41.6   school bus shall activate the prewarning flashing amber signals 
 41.7   of the bus before stopping to load or unload school children.  
 41.8   The driver shall activate and continuously operate the amber 
 41.9   signals for a distance of at least 100 feet before stopping in a 
 41.10  speed zone of 35 miles per hour or less and at least 300 feet 
 41.11  before stopping in a speed zone of more than 35 miles per hour.  
 41.12  On stopping for this purpose, the driver shall extend the stop 
 41.13  signal arm and activate the flashing red signals.  The driver 
 41.14  shall not retract the stop signal arm nor extinguish the 
 41.15  flashing red signals until loading or unloading is completed, 
 41.16  students are seated, and children who must cross the roadway are 
 41.17  safely across. 
 41.18     (b) The prewarning flashing amber signals shall be used 
 41.19  only in preparation for a stop to load or unload school children.
 41.20     Subd. 2.  [USE OF STOP SIGNAL ARM.] (a) The stop signal arm 
 41.21  of a school bus must be used in conjunction with the flashing 
 41.22  red signals only when the school bus is stopped on a street or 
 41.23  highway to load or unload school children. 
 41.24     (b) A local authority, including the governing body of an 
 41.25  Indian tribe, may by ordinance require that a school bus 
 41.26  activate the stop signal arm and flashing red signals while 
 41.27  stopped to unload school children at a location other than a 
 41.28  location on a street or highway.  The ordinance must designate 
 41.29  each location where the requirement is imposed.  The requirement 
 41.30  is effective only if the local authority has erected signs at or 
 41.31  near the location to provide adequate notice that other vehicles 
 41.32  are required to obey section 169E.21, subdivision 1, when those 
 41.33  signals are activated. 
 41.34     Subd. 3.  [WHEN SIGNALS NOT USED.] School bus drivers shall 
 41.35  not activate the prewarning flashing amber signals or flashing 
 41.36  red signals and shall not use the stop arm signal: 
 42.1      (a) in special school bus loading areas where the bus is 
 42.2   entirely off the traveled portion of the roadway and where no 
 42.3   other motor vehicle traffic is moving or is likely to be moving 
 42.4   within 20 feet of the bus; 
 42.5      (b) when directed not to do so by the local school 
 42.6   administrator; 
 42.7      (c) when a school bus is being used on a street or highway 
 42.8   for purposes other than the actual transportation of school 
 42.9   children to or from school or a school-approved activity, except 
 42.10  as provided in subdivision 7; 
 42.11     (d) at railroad grade crossings; and 
 42.12     (e) when loading and unloading people while the bus is 
 42.13  completely off the traveled portion of a separated, one-way 
 42.14  roadway that has adequate shoulders.  The driver shall drive the 
 42.15  bus completely off the traveled portion of this roadway before 
 42.16  loading or unloading people. 
 42.17     Subd. 4.  [STREET CROSSINGS.] Where school children must 
 42.18  cross a roadway before getting on or after getting off the 
 42.19  school bus, the driver of the school bus or a school bus patrol 
 42.20  may supervise the crossing, using the standard school patrol 
 42.21  flag or signal as approved and prescribed by the commissioner.  
 42.22  Before moving the school bus, the driver of the bus shall 
 42.23  visually determine that all children have crossed the roadway 
 42.24  and that those who are to do so have boarded the school bus. 
 42.25     Subd. 5.  [MOVING BUS AFTER CHILDREN UNLOADED.] When 
 42.26  children are getting off a school bus or Head Start bus, the 
 42.27  driver shall visually determine that they are a safe distance 
 42.28  from the bus before moving the bus. 
 42.29     Subd. 6.  [TYPE III BUSES.] The driver of a type III school 
 42.30  bus or type III Head Start bus shall load or unload school 
 42.31  children or Head Start passengers only from the right-hand side 
 42.32  of the vehicle, provided that on a one-way street the driver 
 42.33  shall load or unload school children or Head Start passengers 
 42.34  only from the curb side of the vehicle.  When loading or 
 42.35  unloading school children or Head Start passengers, the driver 
 42.36  shall activate the vehicle's four-way hazard lights described in 
 43.1   section 169F.29, subdivision 4. 
 43.2      Subd. 7.  [USE FOR RECREATIONAL OR EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY.] A 
 43.3   school bus that transports over regular routes and on regular 
 43.4   schedules persons age 18 or under to and from a regularly 
 43.5   scheduled recreational or educational activity must comply with 
 43.6   subdivision 1.  Notwithstanding section 169E.05, subdivision 3, 
 43.7   a school bus may provide this transportation only if: 
 43.8      (a) the "school bus" sign is plainly visible; 
 43.9      (b) the school bus has a valid certificate of inspection 
 43.10  under section 169E.51; 
 43.11     (c) the driver of the school bus possesses a driver's 
 43.12  license with a valid school bus endorsement under section 
 43.13  169J.23; and 
 43.14     (d) the entity that organizes the recreational or 
 43.15  educational activity, or the contractor who provides the school 
 43.16  buses to the entity, consults with the superintendent of the 
 43.17  school district in which the activity is located or the 
 43.18  superintendent's designee on the safety of the regular routes 
 43.19  used. 
 43.20     Sec. 5.  [169E.115] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR SCHOOL BUS 
 43.21  DRIVER VIOLATION.] 
 43.22     A person who violates section 169E.11 is guilty of a second 
 43.23  degree misdemeanor. 
 43.24            VIOLATIONS BY PERSONS OTHER THAN BUS DRIVERS 
 43.25     Sec. 6.  [169E.21] [SAFETY OF SCHOOL CHILDREN; DUTIES OF 
 43.26  OTHER DRIVERS.] 
 43.27     Subdivision 1.  [CHILDREN GETTING ON OR OFF SCHOOL BUS.] (a)
 43.28  When a school bus is stopped on a street or highway, or other 
 43.29  location where signs have been erected under section 169E.11, 
 43.30  subdivision 2, paragraph (b), and is displaying an extended stop 
 43.31  signal arm and flashing red lights, the driver of a vehicle 
 43.32  approaching the bus shall stop the vehicle at least 20 feet away 
 43.33  from the bus if the bus driver has complied with section 
 43.34  169E.11, subdivision 1. 
 43.35     (b) The vehicle driver shall not allow the vehicle to move 
 43.36  until the school bus stop signal arm is retracted and the red 
 44.1   lights are no longer flashing. 
 44.2      Subd. 2.  [EXCEPTION FOR SEPARATED ROADWAY.] (a) A person 
 44.3   driving a vehicle on a street or highway with separated roadways 
 44.4   is not required to stop the vehicle when approaching or meeting 
 44.5   a school bus that is on a different roadway. 
 44.6      (b) "Separated roadway" means a road that is separated from 
 44.7   a parallel road by a safety isle or safety zone. 
 44.8      Subd. 3.  [CAUSE FOR ARREST.] A peace officer may arrest 
 44.9   the driver of a motor vehicle if the peace officer has probable 
 44.10  cause to believe that the driver has operated the vehicle in 
 44.11  violation of subdivision 1 within the past four hours. 
 44.12     Subd. 4.  [EVIDENTIARY PRESUMPTIONS.] (a) There is a 
 44.13  rebuttable presumption that signals described in section 169E.07 
 44.14  were in working order and operable when a violation of 
 44.15  subdivision 1 was allegedly committed, if the signals of the 
 44.16  applicable school bus were inspected and visually found to be in 
 44.17  working order and operable within 12 hours preceding the 
 44.18  incident giving rise to the violation. 
 44.19     (b) There is a rebuttable presumption that a motor vehicle 
 44.20  outwardly equipped and identified as a school bus satisfies all 
 44.21  of the identification and equipment requirements of section 
 44.22  169E.05 when a violation of subdivision 1 was allegedly 
 44.23  committed, if the applicable school bus bears a current 
 44.24  inspection certificate issued under section 169E.51. 
 44.25     Subd. 5.  [SCHEDULING CASES.] When necessary or desirable 
 44.26  to ensure that a school bus driver who witnessed or otherwise 
 44.27  can provide relevant information concerning a violation of this 
 44.28  section is available to be present at a court proceeding held to 
 44.29  determine an alleged violation of this section, the court 
 44.30  administrator shall schedule the proceeding to be held between 
 44.31  the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. 
 44.32     Sec. 7.  [169E.213] [FIRST DEGREE MISDEMEANOR SCHOOL BUS 
 44.33  SAFETY VIOLATION BY OTHER DRIVER.] 
 44.34     A person is guilty of a first degree misdemeanor if the 
 44.35  person fails to stop a motor vehicle or to keep it stopped, as 
 44.36  required in section 169E.21, subdivision 1, and commits either 
 45.1   or both of the following acts: 
 45.2      (a) passes or attempts to pass the school bus in a motor 
 45.3   vehicle on the right-hand, passenger-door side of the bus; or 
 45.4      (b) passes or attempts to pass the school bus in a motor 
 45.5   vehicle when a school child is outside of and on the street or 
 45.6   highway used by the school bus or on the adjacent sidewalk. 
 45.7      Sec. 8.  [169E.215] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR SCHOOL BUS 
 45.8   SAFETY VIOLATION BY OTHER DRIVER.] 
 45.9      Except as provided in section 169E.213, a person who fails 
 45.10  to stop a vehicle or to keep it stopped, as required in section 
 45.11  169E.21, subdivision 1, is guilty of a second degree misdemeanor.
 45.12  In addition to any sentence of incarceration that the court may 
 45.13  impose, the court shall impose a fine of not less than $300. 
 45.14     Sec. 9.  [169E.219] [INFRACTION LIABILITY OF OWNER OR 
 45.15  LESSEE FOR SCHOOL BUS SAFETY VIOLATION.] 
 45.16     Subdivision 1.  [PENALTY.] If a motor vehicle is operated 
 45.17  in violation of section 169E.21, subdivision 1, the owner of the 
 45.18  vehicle, or for a leased motor vehicle the lessee of the 
 45.19  vehicle, is guilty of an infraction. 
 45.20     Subd. 2.  [WHEN OWNER OR LESSEE NOT LIABLE.] The owner or 
 45.21  lessee may not be fined under subdivision 1 if: 
 45.22     (1) another person is convicted for that violation; or 
 45.23     (2) the motor vehicle was stolen at the time of the 
 45.24  violation. 
 45.25     Subd. 3.  [WHEN LESSOR NOT LIABLE.] Subdivision 1 does not 
 45.26  apply to a lessor of a motor vehicle if the lessor keeps a 
 45.27  record of the name and address of the lessee. 
 45.28     Subd. 4.  [NO LIMIT ON PROSECUTING OPERATOR.] Subdivision 1 
 45.29  does not prohibit or limit the prosecution of a motor vehicle 
 45.30  operator for violating section 169E.21. 
 45.31     Subd. 5.  [NO REVOCATION OR SUSPENSION.] A violation under 
 45.32  subdivision 1 does not constitute grounds for revocation or 
 45.33  suspension of the owner's or lessee's driver's license. 
 45.34                       SCHOOL CHILDREN SAFETY 
 45.35     Sec. 10.  [169E.25] [COOPERATION WITH LAW ENFORCEMENT; 
 45.36  INFORMATION; RULES; REPORTS.] 
 46.1      Subdivision 1.  [COOPERATION OF SCHOOL AUTHORITIES.] The 
 46.2   commissioner shall ensure that local authorities having 
 46.3   jurisdiction over school buses shall cooperate with law 
 46.4   enforcement and judicial authorities in reporting and 
 46.5   prosecuting violators of sections 169E.11 and 169E.21. 
 46.6      Subd. 2.  [INFORMATION; RULES.] The commissioner shall 
 46.7   compile information regarding violations, prosecutions, 
 46.8   convictions or other disposition, and penalties imposed under 
 46.9   sections 169E.11 and 169E.21.  At the request of the 
 46.10  commissioner, local school authorities shall provide this 
 46.11  information.  The commissioner may adopt rules governing the 
 46.12  content and providing procedures for the school authorities to 
 46.13  provide this information. 
 46.14     Sec. 11.  [169E.27] [SAFETY OF SCHOOL CHILDREN; TRAINING 
 46.15  AND EDUCATION RULES.] 
 46.16     Subdivision 1.  [PEACE OFFICER TRAINING.] The board of 
 46.17  peace officer standards and training shall include sections 
 46.18  169E.05 to 169E.33 and the enforcement of sections 169E.11, 
 46.19  169E.29, and 169E.31 in the instruction for the professional 
 46.20  peace officer education program.  The board shall notify the 
 46.21  chief law enforcement officer of each law enforcement agency in 
 46.22  the state of these sections. 
 46.23     Subd. 2.  [PRIVATE SCHOOL AND COMMERCIAL DRIVER EDUCATION 
 46.24  PROGRAMS.] The commissioner shall adopt rules requiring thorough 
 46.25  instruction concerning section 169E.21 for persons enrolled in 
 46.26  driver education programs offered at private and parochial 
 46.27  schools and commercial driver education schools.  The 
 46.28  instruction must encompass at least the responsibilities of 
 46.29  drivers, the content and requirements of section 169E.21, and 
 46.30  the penalties for violating that section. 
 46.31     Subd. 3.  [PUBLIC SCHOOL DRIVER EDUCATION PROGRAMS.] The 
 46.32  commissioner shall adopt rules requiring thorough instruction 
 46.33  concerning section 169E.21 for persons enrolled in driver 
 46.34  education programs offered at public schools.  The instruction 
 46.35  must encompass at least the responsibilities of drivers, the 
 46.36  content and requirements of section 169E.21, and the penalties 
 47.1   for violating that section. 
 47.2      Sec. 12.  [169E.29] [SCHOOL BUS AND HEAD START BUS SAFETY.] 
 47.3      Subdivision 1.  [PASSENGER SEATING.] (a) The number of 
 47.4   pupils or other authorized passengers transported in a school 
 47.5   bus or Head Start bus must not be more than the number of pupils 
 47.6   or passengers that can be fully seated.  Seating capacity must 
 47.7   be adjusted according to each passenger's individual physical 
 47.8   size, but not more than the manufacturers' rated seating 
 47.9   capacity. 
 47.10     (b) No person shall stand in the school bus or Head Start 
 47.11  bus when the bus is in motion. 
 47.12     Subd. 2.  [DRIVER SEAT BELTS.] New school buses and Head 
 47.13  Start buses manufactured after December 31, 1994, must be 
 47.14  equipped with driver seat belts and seat belt assemblies of the 
 47.15  type described in section 169F.51, subdivision 3.  School bus 
 47.16  drivers and Head Start bus drivers must use these seat belts. 
 47.17     Subd. 3.  [AISLE AND EXIT.] The driver of a school bus or 
 47.18  Head Start bus shall keep the aisle and emergency exit of a 
 47.19  school bus or Head Start bus unobstructed at all times when 
 47.20  children are being transported. 
 47.21     Subd. 4.  [TRAILER BEHIND SCHOOL BUS.] A school bus may 
 47.22  pull a trailer, as defined by section 169A.05, only when 
 47.23  traveling to or from cocurricular or extracurricular activities, 
 47.24  as defined in section 123.38. 
 47.25     Subd. 5.  [OVERHEAD BOOK RACKS.] Types A, B, C, and D 
 47.26  school buses may be equipped with padded, permanent overhead 
 47.27  book racks that do not hang over the center aisle of the bus. 
 47.28                          BUS REQUIREMENTS 
 47.29     Sec. 13.  [169E.31] [OTHER BUSES.] 
 47.30     Subdivision 1.  [RESTRICTIONS ON APPEARANCE; PENALTY.] (a) 
 47.31  A bus that is not used as a school bus may not be operated on a 
 47.32  street or highway unless it is painted a color significantly 
 47.33  different than national school bus glossy yellow or Minnesota 
 47.34  school bus golden orange. 
 47.35     (b) A bus that is not used as a school bus or Head Start 
 47.36  bus may not be operated if it is equipped with school bus or 
 48.1   Head Start bus-related equipment and printing. 
 48.2      (c) This subdivision does not apply to a school bus owned 
 48.3   by or under contract to a school district operated as a charter 
 48.4   or leased bus. 
 48.5      Subd. 2.  [HEAD START VEHICLES.] Notwithstanding 
 48.6   subdivision 1, a vehicle used to transport passengers under 
 48.7   Public Law Number 99-425, the Head Start Act, may be equipped as 
 48.8   a school bus or Head Start bus. 
 48.9      Sec. 14.  [169E.315] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR BUS 
 48.10  APPEARANCE VIOLATION.] 
 48.11     Whoever violates section 169E.31, subdivision 1, is guilty 
 48.12  of a third degree misdemeanor. 
 48.13     Sec. 15.  [169E.33] [SCHOOL DISTRICT NOT TO OWN OR OPERATE 
 48.14  MOTOR COACH.] 
 48.15     A school district may not own or operate a motor coach for 
 48.16  any purpose. 
 48.17     Sec. 16.  [169E.35] [SCHOOL BUS OPERATIONS.] 
 48.18     Subdivision 1.  [RULES.] The commissioner, in consultation 
 48.19  with the school bus safety advisory committee, shall adopt rules 
 48.20  governing the operation of school buses used for transportation 
 48.21  of school children, when owned or operated by a school or 
 48.22  privately owned and operated under a contract with a school, and 
 48.23  these rules must be made a part of that contract by reference.  
 48.24  Each school, its officers and employees, and each person 
 48.25  employed under the contract is subject to these rules. 
 48.26     Subd. 2.  [VIOLATION.] It is unlawful to operate a school 
 48.27  bus on a public street or highway in violation of a rule 
 48.28  concerning the operation of school buses adopted by the 
 48.29  commissioner under subdivision 1. 
 48.30     Subd. 3.  [ENFORCEMENT.] The state patrol shall enforce 
 48.31  rules adopted under subdivision 1 when a school bus is operated 
 48.32  on a public street or highway. 
 48.33     Sec. 17.  [169E.355] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR OPERATION OF 
 48.34  SCHOOL BUS IN VIOLATION OF COMMISSIONER'S RULES.] 
 48.35     Whoever violates section 169E.35, subdivision 2, is guilty 
 48.36  of a third degree misdemeanor. 
 49.1      Sec. 18.  [169E.41] [SCHOOL BUS EQUIPMENT STANDARDS.] 
 49.2      Subdivision 1.  [NATIONAL STANDARDS ADOPTED.] Except as 
 49.3   provided in sections 169E.43 and 169E.45, the construction, 
 49.4   design, equipment, and color of types A, B, C, and D school 
 49.5   buses used for the transportation of school children shall meet 
 49.6   the requirements of the "bus chassis standards" and "bus body 
 49.7   standards" in the 1990 revised edition of the "National 
 49.8   Standards for School Buses and Operations" adopted by the 
 49.9   Eleventh National Conference on School Transportation and 
 49.10  published by the National Safety Council.  Except as provided in 
 49.11  section 169E.47, the construction, design, and equipment of 
 49.12  types A, B, C, and D school buses used for the transportation of 
 49.13  students with disabilities also shall meet the requirements of 
 49.14  the "specially equipped school bus standards" in the 1990 
 49.15  National Standards for School Buses and Operations.  The "bus 
 49.16  chassis standards," "bus body standards," and "specially 
 49.17  equipped school bus standards" sections of the 1990 revised 
 49.18  edition of the "National Standards for School Buses and 
 49.19  Operations" are incorporated by reference in this chapter. 
 49.20     Subd. 2.  [APPLICABILITY.] (a) The standards adopted in 
 49.21  this section and sections 169E.43 and 169E.45, govern the 
 49.22  construction, design, equipment, and color of school buses used 
 49.23  for the transportation of school children, when owned and 
 49.24  operated by a school or privately owned and operated under a 
 49.25  contract with a school, and these standards must be made a part 
 49.26  of that contract by reference.  Each school, its officers and 
 49.27  employees, and each person employed under the contract is 
 49.28  subject to these standards. 
 49.29     (b) The standards apply to school buses manufactured after 
 49.30  December 31, 1994.  Buses complying with these standards when 
 49.31  manufactured need not comply with standards established later 
 49.32  except as specifically provided for by law. 
 49.33     (c) A school bus manufactured on or before December 31, 
 49.34  1994, must conform to the Minnesota standards in effect on the 
 49.35  date the vehicle was manufactured except as specifically 
 49.36  provided for in law. 
 50.1      (d) A new bus body may be remounted on a used chassis 
 50.2   provided that the remounted vehicle meets state and federal 
 50.3   standards for new buses that are current at the time of the 
 50.4   remounting.  Permission must be obtained from the commissioner 
 50.5   before the remounting is done.  A used bus body may not be 
 50.6   remounted on a new or used chassis. 
 50.7      Subd. 3.  [INSPECTION MANUAL.] The department shall develop 
 50.8   a school bus inspection manual based on the national standards 
 50.9   adopted in subdivision 1 and Minnesota standards adopted in 
 50.10  sections 169E.43 to 169E.47.  The Minnesota state patrol shall 
 50.11  use the manual as the basis for inspecting buses as provided in 
 50.12  section 169E.51.  When appropriate, the school bus safety 
 50.13  advisory committee shall recommend to the education committees 
 50.14  of the legislature modifications to the standards upon which the 
 50.15  school bus inspection manual is based.  The department has no 
 50.16  rulemaking authority to alter the standards upon which school 
 50.17  buses are inspected. 
 50.18     Subd. 4.  [VARIANCES.] The commissioner may grant a 
 50.19  variance to any of the school bus standards to accommodate 
 50.20  testing of new equipment related to school buses.  A variance 
 50.21  from the standards must be for the sole purpose of testing and 
 50.22  evaluating new equipment for increased safety, efficiency, and 
 50.23  economy of pupil transportation.  The variance expires 18 months 
 50.24  from the date on which it is granted unless the commissioner 
 50.25  specifies an earlier expiration date.  The school bus safety 
 50.26  advisory committee shall annually review all variances that are 
 50.27  granted under this subdivision and consider whether to recommend 
 50.28  modifications to the Minnesota school bus equipment standards 
 50.29  based on the variances. 
 50.30     Sec. 19.  [169E.43] [ADDITIONAL MINNESOTA SCHOOL BUS 
 50.31  CHASSIS STANDARDS.] 
 50.32     Subdivision 1.  [RELATION TO NATIONAL STANDARDS.] The bus 
 50.33  chassis standards contained in this section are required in 
 50.34  addition to those required by section 169E.41.  When a Minnesota 
 50.35  standard contained in this section conflicts with a national 
 50.36  standard adopted in section 169E.41, the Minnesota standard 
 51.1   contained in this section is controlling. 
 51.2      Subd. 2.  [BRAKES.] The braking system must include an 
 51.3   emergency brake.  The braking system must meet federal motor 
 51.4   vehicle safety standards in effect at the time of manufacture.  
 51.5   All buses manufactured with air brakes after January 1, 1995, 
 51.6   shall have automatic slack adjusters. 
 51.7      Subd. 3.  [CERTIFICATION.] A chassis manufacturer shall 
 51.8   certify that the product meets Minnesota standards.  No bus with 
 51.9   a certified manufacturing date prior to April 1, 1977, shall be 
 51.10  recertified as a school bus. 
 51.11     Subd. 4.  [COLOR.] Fenders may be painted black.  The hood 
 51.12  may be painted nonreflective black or nonreflective yellow.  The 
 51.13  grill may be manufacturer's standard color or chrome. 
 51.14     Subd. 5.  [ELECTRICAL SYSTEM; BATTERY.] (a) The storage 
 51.15  battery, as established by the manufacturer's rating, must be of 
 51.16  sufficient capacity to care for starting, lighting, signal 
 51.17  devices, heating, and other electrical equipment.  In a bus with 
 51.18  a gas-powered chassis, the battery or batteries must provide a 
 51.19  minimum of 800 cold cranking amperes.  In a bus with a 
 51.20  diesel-powered chassis, the battery or batteries must provide a 
 51.21  minimum of 1050 cold cranking amperes. 
 51.22     (b) In a type B bus with a gross vehicle weight rating of 
 51.23  15,000 pounds or more, and type C and D buses, the battery shall 
 51.24  be temporarily mounted on the chassis frame.  The final location 
 51.25  of the battery and the appropriate cable lengths in these buses 
 51.26  must comply with the SBMI design objectives booklet. 
 51.27     (c) All batteries shall be mounted according to chassis 
 51.28  manufacturers' recommendations. 
 51.29     (d) In a type C bus, other than one powered by diesel fuel, 
 51.30  a battery providing at least 550 cold cranking amperes may be 
 51.31  installed in the engine compartment only if used in combination 
 51.32  with a generator or alternator of at least 120 amperes. 
 51.33     (e) A bus with a gross vehicle weight rating of 15,000 
 51.34  pounds or less may be equipped with a battery to provide a 
 51.35  minimum of 550 cold cranking amperes only if used in combination 
 51.36  with an alternator of at least 80 amperes.  This paragraph does 
 52.1   not apply to those buses with wheelchair lifts or diesel engines.
 52.2      Subd. 6.  [ELECTRICAL SYSTEM; ALTERNATOR.] A bus must be 
 52.3   capable of providing enough current at 1400 rpms to provide a 
 52.4   positive charge to the battery with 80 percent of maximum load 
 52.5   with all lights and accessories on.  A type B bus with a gross 
 52.6   vehicle weight rating of up to 15,000 pounds equipped with an 
 52.7   electrical power lift must have a minimum 100 ampere per hour 
 52.8   alternator.  If not protected by a grommet, wiring passing 
 52.9   through holes must be encased in an abrasive-resistant 
 52.10  protective covering. 
 52.11     Subd. 7.  [EXHAUST SYSTEM.] (a) The tailpipe must: 
 52.12     (1) extend to but not more than one inch beyond the bumper 
 52.13  and be mounted outside of the chassis frame rail; or 
 52.14     (2) extend to, but not more than one inch beyond, the left 
 52.15  side of the bus, behind the driver's compartment. 
 52.16     (b) A type A bus, and a type B bus with a gross vehicle 
 52.17  weight rating under 15,000 pounds, shall comply with the 
 52.18  manufacturer's standard.  No exhaust pipe may exit beneath an 
 52.19  emergency exit, or, on a type C or type D bus, under the fuel 
 52.20  fill location.  No exhaust pipe shall be reduced in size beyond 
 52.21  the muffler. 
 52.22     Subd. 8.  [FRAME.] Installation of a trailer hitch is 
 52.23  permitted.  A hitch shall be flush mounted. 
 52.24     Subd. 9.  [FUEL TANK.] If mounted behind the rear wheels, 
 52.25  the fuel tank on a vehicle constructed with a power lift unit 
 52.26  shall be between the frame rails.  Fuel tanks for a type A bus, 
 52.27  and for a type B bus with a gross vehicle weight rating under 
 52.28  15,000 pounds, may be manufacturer standard and must conform 
 52.29  with federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard Number 301, Code of 
 52.30  Federal Regulations, title 49, part 571. 
 52.31     Subd. 10.  [HORN.] A bus shall be equipped with a horn in 
 52.32  good working order and capable of emitting sound audible under 
 52.33  normal conditions from a distance of not less than 200 feet. 
 52.34     Subd. 11.  [TIRES AND RIMS.] Radial and bias ply tires 
 52.35  shall not be used on the same axle.  Front tire tread depth 
 52.36  shall not be less than 4/32 inch in any major tire tread 
 53.1   groove.  Rear tire tread shall not be less than 2/32 inch.  
 53.2   Tires must be measured in three locations around the tire, in 
 53.3   two adjoining grooves.  No recapped tires shall be used on the 
 53.4   front wheels.  Recapped tires are permitted on the rear wheels. 
 53.5      Subd. 12.  [TRANSMISSION.] The transmission shifting 
 53.6   pattern must be permanently displayed in the driver's full view. 
 53.7      Sec. 20.  [169E.45] [ADDITIONAL MINNESOTA SCHOOL BUS BODY 
 53.8   STANDARDS.] 
 53.9      Subdivision 1.  [RELATION TO NATIONAL STANDARDS.] The bus 
 53.10  body standards contained in this section are required in 
 53.11  addition to those required by sections 169E.41 and 169E.43.  
 53.12  When a Minnesota standard contained in this section conflicts 
 53.13  with a national standard adopted in section 169E.41, the 
 53.14  Minnesota standard contained in this section is controlling. 
 53.15     Subd. 2.  [BACKUP WARNING ALARM.] A spring-loaded button in 
 53.16  the driver's compartment that will temporarily disable the 
 53.17  backup alarm is allowed for usage in school bus overnight 
 53.18  parking lots and repair facilities. 
 53.19     Subd. 3.  [BUMPER; FRONT.] On a type D school bus, the 
 53.20  bumper shall conform to federal motor vehicle safety standards. 
 53.21     Subd. 4.  [CERTIFICATION.] A body manufacturer shall 
 53.22  certify that the product meets Minnesota standards. 
 53.23     Subd. 5.  [COLOR.] Fenderettes may be black.  The beltline 
 53.24  may be painted yellow over black or black over yellow.  The rub 
 53.25  rails shall be black.  The reflective material on the sides of 
 53.26  the bus body shall be at least one inch but not more than two 
 53.27  inches in width.  This reflective material requirement and the 
 53.28  requirement that "SCHOOL BUS" signs have reflective material as 
 53.29  background are effective for buses manufactured after January 1, 
 53.30  1996. 
 53.31     Subd. 6.  [COMMUNICATIONS.] All buses manufactured after 
 53.32  January 1, 1995, shall have a two-way voice communications 
 53.33  system. 
 53.34     Subd. 7.  [CONSTRUCTION.] The metal floor shall be covered 
 53.35  with plywood.  The plywood shall be at least 19/32 inches thick, 
 53.36  and must equal or exceed properties of exterior-type softwood 
 54.1   plywood, grade C-D, as specified in product standard PSI-I83 
 54.2   issued by the United States Department of Commerce.  The floor 
 54.3   shall be level from front to back, and side to side, except in 
 54.4   wheel housing, toe board, and driver's seat platform areas. 
 54.5      Subd. 8.  [DEFROSTERS.] Except as provided in this 
 54.6   subdivision, defrosters and two auxiliary fans must direct a 
 54.7   sufficient flow of heated air and shall be of sufficient 
 54.8   capacity to keep the windshield, window to the left of the 
 54.9   driver, and glass in the entrance door clear of fog, frost, and 
 54.10  snow.  A type A or type B bus with a gross vehicle weight rating 
 54.11  under 15,000 pounds may be equipped with one auxiliary fan. 
 54.12     Subd. 9.  [DOORS; SERVICE DOOR.] A type B bus with a gross 
 54.13  vehicle weight rating of 15,000 pounds or over may not have a 
 54.14  door to the left of the driver.  A type B bus with a gross 
 54.15  vehicle weight rating under 15,000 pounds may be equipped with 
 54.16  chassis manufacturer's standard door. 
 54.17     Subd. 10.  [EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT; FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.] The 
 54.18  fire extinguisher must have at least a 10BC rating. 
 54.19     Subd. 10a.  [EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT; FIRST AID KITS.] A first 
 54.20  aid kit, and a body fluids cleanup kit is required regardless of 
 54.21  the age of the vehicle.  They must be contained in removable, 
 54.22  moisture-proof and dust-proof containers mounted in an 
 54.23  accessible place within the driver's compartment of the school 
 54.24  bus and must be marked to indicate their identity and location. 
 54.25     Subd. 11.  [EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT; WARNING DEVICES.] A 
 54.26  flashlight with a minimum of two "C" batteries shall be included 
 54.27  as part of the emergency equipment.  Each bus equipped with seat 
 54.28  belts for pupil passengers shall contain a seat belt cutter for 
 54.29  use in emergencies.  The belt cutter must be designed to 
 54.30  eliminate the possibility of injury during use, and must be 
 54.31  secured in a safe location. 
 54.32     Subd. 12.  [HEATERS.] The heating system shall be capable 
 54.33  of maintaining the temperature throughout the bus of not less 
 54.34  than 50 degrees Fahrenheit during average minimum January 
 54.35  temperature as established by the United States Department of 
 54.36  Commerce.  In a bus with a combustion heater, the heater must be 
 55.1   installed by the body manufacturer, by an authorized dealer or 
 55.2   authorized garage, or by a mechanic trained in the procedure. 
 55.3      Subd. 13.  [IDENTIFICATION.] (a) Each bus shall, in the 
 55.4   beltline, identify the school district serviced, or company 
 55.5   name, or owner of the bus.  Numbers necessary for identification 
 55.6   must appear on the sides and rear of the bus.  Symbols or 
 55.7   letters may be used on the outside of the bus near the entrance 
 55.8   door for student identification.  A manufacturer's nameplate may 
 55.9   be placed on the side of the bus near the entrance door and on 
 55.10  the rear. 
 55.11     (b) All buses sold must display lettering "Unlawful to pass 
 55.12  when red lights are flashing" on the rear of the bus.  The 
 55.13  lettering shall be in two-inch black letters on school bus 
 55.14  yellow background.  This message shall be displayed directly 
 55.15  below the upper window of the rear door.  On rear engine buses, 
 55.16  it shall be centered at approximately the same location.  Only 
 55.17  signs and lettering approved or required by state law may be 
 55.18  displayed. 
 55.19     Subd. 14.  [INSULATION.] (a) Ceilings and wall shall be 
 55.20  insulated to a minimum of one and one-half inch fiberglass and 
 55.21  installed so the insulation does not compact or sag.  Floor 
 55.22  insulation must be nominal 19/32 inches thick plywood, or a 
 55.23  material of equal or greater strength and insulation R value 
 55.24  that equals or exceeds properties of exterior-type softwood 
 55.25  plywood, C-D grade as specified in standard issued by the United 
 55.26  States Department of Commerce.  Type A and B buses with a gross 
 55.27  vehicle weight rating under 15,000 pounds must have a minimum of 
 55.28  one-half inch plywood.  All exposed edges on plywood shall be 
 55.29  sealed.  Every school bus shall be constructed so that the noise 
 55.30  level taken at the ear of the occupant nearest to the primary 
 55.31  vehicle noise source shall not exceed 85 dba when tested 
 55.32  according to procedures in the 1990 national standards for 
 55.33  school buses and operations. 
 55.34     (b) The underside of metal floor may be undercoated with 
 55.35  polyurethane floor insulation, foamed in place.  The floor 
 55.36  insulation must be combustion resistant.  The authorization in 
 56.1   this paragraph does not replace the plywood requirement. 
 56.2      Subd. 15.  [INTERIOR.] Interior speakers, except in the 
 56.3   driver's compartment, must not protrude more than one-half inch 
 56.4   from the mounting surface. 
 56.5      Subd. 16.  [LAMPS AND SIGNALS.] (a) Each school bus shall 
 56.6   be equipped with a system consisting of four red signal lamps 
 56.7   designed to conform to SAE Standard J887, and four amber signal 
 56.8   lamps designed to that standard, except for color, and except 
 56.9   that their candlepower must be at least 2-1/2 times that 
 56.10  specified for red turn signal lamps.  Both red and amber signal 
 56.11  lamps must be installed in accordance with SAE Standard J887, 
 56.12  except that each amber signal lamp must be located near each red 
 56.13  signal lamp, at the same level, but closer to the centerline of 
 56.14  the bus.  The system must be wired so that the amber signal 
 56.15  lamps are activated only by hand operation, and if activated, 
 56.16  are automatically deactivated and the red signal lamps are 
 56.17  automatically activated when the bus entrance door is opened.  
 56.18  Signal lamps must flash alternately.  Each signal lamp must 
 56.19  flash not less than 60 nor more than 120 flashes per minute.  
 56.20  The "on" period must be long enough to permit filament to come 
 56.21  up to full brightness.  There must be a pilot lamp that goes on 
 56.22  when the respective amber or red system is activated.  The pilot 
 56.23  lamp must either go out or flash at an alternate rate in the 
 56.24  event the system is not functioning normally.  The signal lamp 
 56.25  system must include a closed control box.  The box must be as 
 56.26  small as practical, and must be easily dismounted or partially 
 56.27  disassembled to provide access for maintenance purposes.  The 
 56.28  control panel box shall be arranged such that the momentary 
 56.29  activating switch for the eight-lamp warning system shall be 
 56.30  located on the left, the red (or red and amber) pilot light 
 56.31  shall be located in the middle, and the eight-way master switch 
 56.32  shall be located on the right.  The control box must be securely 
 56.33  mounted to the right of the steering wheel, within easy 
 56.34  unobstructed reach of the driver.  Switches and pilot lamp must 
 56.35  be readily visible to the driver.  The activating switch may be 
 56.36  self-illuminated.  Other warning devices or lamp controls must 
 57.1   not be placed near the lamp control.  The stop arm shall extend 
 57.2   automatically whenever the service entrance door is opened and 
 57.3   the eight-way lights are activated. 
 57.4      (b) If installed, a white flashing strobe shall be of a 
 57.5   double flash type and have minimum effective light output of 200 
 57.6   candelas.  No roof hatch can be mounted behind the strobe light. 
 57.7      (c) Type B, C, and D buses shall have an amber clearance 
 57.8   lamp with a minimum of four candlepower mounted on the right 
 57.9   side of the body at approximately seat level rub rail height 
 57.10  just to the rear of the service door and another one at 
 57.11  approximately opposite the driver's seat on the left side.  
 57.12  These lamps are to be connected to operate only with the regular 
 57.13  turn signal lamps. 
 57.14     (d) All lamps on the exterior of the vehicle must conform 
 57.15  with and be installed as required by federal Motor Vehicle 
 57.16  Safety Standard Number 108, Code of Federal Regulations, title 
 57.17  49, part 571. 
 57.18     (e) A type A, B, C, or D school bus manufactured for use in 
 57.19  Minnesota after December 31, 1994, may not be equipped with red 
 57.20  turn signal lenses on the rear of the bus. 
 57.21     Subd. 17.  [MIRRORS.] A type B bus with a gross vehicle 
 57.22  weight rating less than 15,000 pounds shall have a minimum of 
 57.23  six-inch by 16-inch mirror.  A type B bus with a gross vehicle 
 57.24  weight rating over 15,000 pounds shall have a minimum of a 
 57.25  six-inch by 30-inch mirror.  All school buses must be equipped 
 57.26  with a minimum of two crossover mirrors, mounted to the left and 
 57.27  right sides of the bus. 
 57.28     Subd. 18.  [OVERALL WIDTH.] The overall width limit 
 57.29  excludes mirrors, mirror brackets, and the stop arm. 
 57.30     Subd. 19.  [RUB RAILS.] There shall be one rub rail at the 
 57.31  base of the skirt of the bus on all type B, C, and D buses. 
 57.32     Subd. 20.  [SEAT AND CRASH BARRIERS.] All restraining 
 57.33  barriers and passenger seats shall be covered with a material 
 57.34  that has fire retardant or fire block characteristics.  All 
 57.35  seats must face forward.  All seat and crash barriers must be 
 57.36  installed according to and conform to federal Motor Vehicle 
 58.1   Safety Standard Number 222, Code of Federal Regulations, title 
 58.2   49, part 571. 
 58.3      Subd. 21.  [STOP SIGNAL ARM.] The stop signal arm shall be 
 58.4   installed near the front of the bus. 
 58.5      Subd. 22.  [SUN SHIELD.] A type A bus and a type B bus with 
 58.6   a gross vehicle weight rating less than 15,000 pounds must be 
 58.7   equipped with the standard manufacturer's solid visor or a 
 58.8   six-inch by 16-inch sun shield. 
 58.9      Subd. 23.  [WINDOWS.] The windshield and windows in the 
 58.10  entrance and rear emergency exit doors must be of approved 
 58.11  safety glass.  Laminated or tempered glass (AS-2 or AS-3) is 
 58.12  permitted in all other windows.  All glass shall be federally 
 58.13  approved and marked as provided in section 169F.75.  The 
 58.14  windshield may be of uniform tint throughout or may have a 
 58.15  horizontal gradient band starting slightly above the line of 
 58.16  vision and gradually decreasing in light transmission to 20 
 58.17  percent or less at the top of the windshield.  The use of tinted 
 58.18  glass, as approved by section 169F.61, is permitted on side 
 58.19  windows and rear windows except for the entrance door, the first 
 58.20  window behind the service door, and the window to the left of 
 58.21  the driver.  The window to the left of the driver, the upper 
 58.22  service door windows, and the window immediately behind the 
 58.23  entrance door must be thermal glass.  However, the window to the 
 58.24  left of the driver for type A and B buses with a gross vehicle 
 58.25  weight rating under 15,000 pounds need not be thermal glass. 
 58.26     Subd. 24.  [WIRING.] If not protected by a grommet, wire 
 58.27  that passes through holes shall be encased in an 
 58.28  abrasive-resistant protective covering.  If a master cutoff 
 58.29  switch is used, it shall not be wired as to kill power to the 
 58.30  electric brake system. 
 58.31     Sec. 21.  [169E.47] [ADDITIONAL MINNESOTA STANDARDS FOR 
 58.32  SPECIALLY EQUIPPED SCHOOL BUSES.] 
 58.33     Subdivision 1.  [RELATION TO NATIONAL STANDARDS.] The 
 58.34  specially equipped school bus standards contained in this 
 58.35  section are required in addition to those required by section 
 58.36  169E.41.  When a Minnesota standard contained in this section 
 59.1   conflicts with a national standard adopted in section 169E.41, 
 59.2   the Minnesota standard contained in this section is controlling. 
 59.3      Subd. 2.  [COMMUNICATIONS.] All vehicles used to transport 
 59.4   disabled students shall be equipped with a two-way communication 
 59.5   system. 
 59.6      Subd. 3.  [RESTRAINING DEVICES.] Special restraining 
 59.7   devices such as shoulder harnesses, lap belts, and chest 
 59.8   restraint systems may be installed to the seats if the devices 
 59.9   do not require the alteration in any form of the seat, seat 
 59.10  cushion, framework, or related seat components.  The restraints 
 59.11  must be for the sole purpose of restraining students with 
 59.12  disabilities. 
 59.13     Subd. 4.  [SECUREMENT SYSTEM FOR MOBILE SEATING.] 
 59.14  Wheelchair securement devices must comply with all requirements 
 59.15  for wheelchair securement systems contained in federal 
 59.16  regulation in effect on the later of the date the bus was 
 59.17  manufactured or the date that a wheelchair securement system was 
 59.18  added to the bus. 
 59.19     Subd. 5.  [AISLE WIDTH.] All school buses equipped with a 
 59.20  power lift shall provide at least a 12-inch aisle leading from 
 59.21  wheelchair position to at least one emergency door and the lift 
 59.22  area. 
 59.23                      INSPECTIONS AND REPORTS 
 59.24     Sec. 22.  [169E.51] [SCHOOL BUS AND HEAD START BUS 
 59.25  INSPECTION.] 
 59.26     Subdivision 1.  [ANNUAL REQUIREMENT.] The Minnesota state 
 59.27  patrol shall inspect every school bus and every Head Start bus 
 59.28  annually to ascertain whether its construction, design, 
 59.29  equipment, and color comply with all provisions of law. 
 59.30     Subd. 2.  [INSPECTION CERTIFICATE.] No person shall drive, 
 59.31  and no owner shall knowingly permit or cause to be driven, any 
 59.32  school bus or Head Start bus unless there is displayed thereon a 
 59.33  certificate issued by the commissioner stating that on a certain 
 59.34  date, which shall be within 13 months before the date of 
 59.35  operation, a member of the Minnesota state patrol inspected the 
 59.36  bus and found that on the date of inspection the bus complied 
 60.1   with the applicable provisions of state law relating to 
 60.2   construction, design, equipment, and color. 
 60.3      Subd. 3.  [RULES OF COMMISSIONER.] (a) The commissioner 
 60.4   shall provide by rule for the issuance and display of 
 60.5   distinctive inspection certificates. 
 60.6      (b) The commissioner shall provide by rule a point system 
 60.7   for evaluating the effect on safety operation of any variance 
 60.8   from law detected during inspections conducted pursuant to 
 60.9   subdivision 1. 
 60.10     Subd. 4.  [ENFORCEMENT.] The state patrol shall enforce 
 60.11  subdivision 2. 
 60.12     Subd. 5.  [RANDOM SPOT INSPECTIONS.] In addition to the 
 60.13  annual inspection, the Minnesota state patrol has authority to 
 60.14  conduct random, unannounced spot inspections of any school bus 
 60.15  or Head Start bus being operated within the state at the 
 60.16  location where the bus is kept when not in operation to 
 60.17  ascertain whether its construction, design, equipment, and color 
 60.18  comply with all provisions of law, including the Minnesota 
 60.19  school bus equipment standards in sections 169E.41 to 169E.47. 
 60.20     Sec. 23.  [169E.515] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR BUS 
 60.21  INSPECTION VIOLATION.] 
 60.22     Whoever violates section 169E.51, subdivision 2, is guilty 
 60.23  of a third degree misdemeanor. 
 60.24     Sec. 24.  [169E.55] [SCHOOL BUS ACCIDENTS; REINSPECTION.] 
 60.25     Subdivision 1.  [POSTCRASH INSPECTION.] (a) A peace officer 
 60.26  responding to an accident involving a school bus or Head Start 
 60.27  bus must immediately notify the state patrol if the accident 
 60.28  results in death or serious personal injury on the school bus, 
 60.29  or property damage to the school bus of an apparent extent of 
 60.30  more than $4,400. 
 60.31     (b) No person shall drive or knowingly permit or cause to 
 60.32  be driven, for the purpose of transporting students, any school 
 60.33  bus or Head Start bus after such an accident unless: 
 60.34     (1) the vehicle has been inspected by the Minnesota state 
 60.35  patrol and the state patrol has determined that the vehicle may 
 60.36  safely be operated; or 
 61.1      (2) a waiver has been granted under subdivision 2. 
 61.2      Subd. 2.  [WAIVER.] A state trooper or designee of the 
 61.3   Minnesota state patrol called to the scene of an accident by a 
 61.4   responding peace officer under subdivision 1 may waive the 
 61.5   inspection requirement of subdivision 1 if the trooper or state 
 61.6   patrol designee determines that a postcrash inspection is not 
 61.7   needed or cannot be accomplished without unreasonable delay.  
 61.8   The trooper or state patrol designee granting a waiver must 
 61.9   provide to the driver of the school bus for which the waiver is 
 61.10  granted a written statement that the inspection has been waived. 
 61.11  The written statement must include the incident report number 
 61.12  assigned to the accident by the state patrol. 
 61.13     Sec. 25.  [169E.555] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR BUS 
 61.14  INSPECTION CERTIFICATION VIOLATION.] 
 61.15     Whoever violates section 169E.55, subdivision 1, paragraph 
 61.16  (b), is guilty of a third degree misdemeanor. 
 61.17     Sec. 26.  [169E.61] [ACCIDENT AND SERIOUS INCIDENT 
 61.18  REPORTING.] 
 61.19     The department shall develop uniform definitions of a 
 61.20  school bus accident, an incident of serious misconduct, and an 
 61.21  incident that results in personal injury or death.  The 
 61.22  department shall determine what type of information on school 
 61.23  bus accidents and incidents, including criminal conduct, and bus 
 61.24  driver dismissals for cause should be collected and develop a 
 61.25  uniform accident and incident reporting form to collect those 
 61.26  data, including data relating to type III vehicles, statewide.  
 61.27  In addition to the form, the department shall have an 
 61.28  alternative method of reporting that allows school districts to 
 61.29  use computer technology to provide the required information.  
 61.30  School districts shall report the information required by the 
 61.31  department using either format.  A school district must not be 
 61.32  charged for reporting forms or reporting procedures under this 
 61.33  section.  Data collected under this section shall be analyzed to 
 61.34  help develop accident, crime, and misconduct prevention 
 61.35  programs.  This section is not subject to chapter 14. 
 61.36     Sec. 27.  [169E.71] [TYPE III VEHICLE STANDARDS.] 
 62.1      Subdivision 1.  [STANDARDS.] This section applies to type 
 62.2   III vehicles used for the transportation of school children when 
 62.3   owned and operated by a school district or privately owned and 
 62.4   operated.  All related equipment provided on the vehicle must 
 62.5   comply with federal motor vehicle safety standards where 
 62.6   applicable.  If no federal standard applies, equipment must be 
 62.7   manufacture's standard. 
 62.8      Subd. 2.  [AGE OF VEHICLE.] Vehicles ten years or older 
 62.9   must not be used as type III vehicles to transport school 
 62.10  children, except those vehicles that are manufactured to meet 
 62.11  the structural requirements of federal Motor Vehicle Safety 
 62.12  Standard 222, Code of Federal Regulations, title 49, part 571. 
 62.13     Subd. 3.  [COLOR.] Vehicles must be painted a color other 
 62.14  than national school bus yellow. 
 62.15     Subd. 4.  [FIRE EXTINGUISHER.] A minimum of one 10BC rated 
 62.16  dry chemical type fire extinguisher is required.  The 
 62.17  extinguisher must be mounted in a bracket, and must be located 
 62.18  in the driver's compartment and be readily accessible to the 
 62.19  driver and passengers.  A pressure indicator is required and 
 62.20  must be easily read without removing the extinguisher from its 
 62.21  mounted position. 
 62.22     Subd. 5.  [FIRST AID KIT.] A minimum of a ten-unit first 
 62.23  aid kit, and a body fluids cleanup kit is required.  They must 
 62.24  be contained in removable, moisture-proof and dust-proof 
 62.25  containers mounted in an accessible place within the driver's 
 62.26  compartment and must be marked to indicate their identity and 
 62.27  location. 
 62.28     Subd. 6.  [IDENTIFICATION.] (a) The vehicle must not have 
 62.29  the words "school bus" in any location on the exterior of the 
 62.30  vehicle, or in any interior location visible to a motorist. 
 62.31     (b) The vehicle must display to the rear of the vehicle 
 62.32  this sign:  "VEHICLE STOPS AT RR CROSSINGS." 
 62.33     (c) The lettering (except for "AT," which may be one inch 
 62.34  smaller) must be a minimum two-inch "Series D" as specified in 
 62.35  standard alphabets for highway signs as specified by the Federal 
 62.36  Highway Administration.  The printing must be in a color giving 
 63.1   a marked contrast with that of the part of the vehicle on which 
 63.2   it is placed. 
 63.3      (d) The sign must have provisions for being covered, or be 
 63.4   of a removable or fold-down type. 
 63.5      Subd. 7.  [LAMPS AND SIGNALS.] (a) Installation and use of 
 63.6   the eight-lamp warning system is prohibited. 
 63.7      (b) All lamps on the exterior of the vehicle must conform 
 63.8   with and be installed as required by federal Motor Vehicle 
 63.9   Safety Standard 108, Code of Federal Regulations, title 49, part 
 63.10  571. 
 63.11     Subd. 8.  [STOP SIGNAL ARM.] Installation and use of a stop 
 63.12  signal arm is prohibited. 
 63.13     Subd. 9.  [MIRRORS.] The interior clear rearview mirror 
 63.14  must afford a good view of pupils and roadway to the rear.  Two 
 63.15  exterior clear rearview mirrors must be provided, one to the 
 63.16  left and one to the right of the driver.  Each mirror must be 
 63.17  firmly supported and adjustable to give the driver clear view 
 63.18  past the left rear and the right rear of the bus. 
 63.19     Subd. 10.  [WARNING DEVICE.] A type III bus must contain at 
 63.20  least three red reflectorized triangle road warning devices.  
 63.21  Liquid burning "pot type" flares are not allowed. 
 63.22     Subd. 11.  [EMERGENCY DOORS.] The doors on type III buses 
 63.23  must remain unlocked when carrying passengers. 
 63.24     Subd. 12.  [OPTION.] Passenger cars and station wagons may 
 63.25  carry fire extinguisher, first aid kit, and warning triangles in 
 63.26  the trunk or trunk area of the vehicle, if a label in the driver 
 63.27  and front passenger area clearly indicates the location of these 
 63.28  items. 
 63.29     Subd. 13.  [EXEMPTION.] When a vehicle otherwise qualifying 
 63.30  as a type III vehicle, whether owned and operated by a school 
 63.31  district or privately owned and operated, is used to transport 
 63.32  school children in a nonscheduled situation, it shall be exempt 
 63.33  from the vehicle requirements of this section and the licensing 
 63.34  requirements of section 169J.81, if the vehicle is properly 
 63.35  registered and insured and operated by an employee or agent of a 
 63.36  school district with a valid driver's license. 
 64.1      Sec. 28.  [169E.81] [LAW ENFORCEMENT POLICY FOR CRIMINAL 
 64.2   CONDUCT ON SCHOOL BUSES.] 
 64.3      By January 1, 1995, each local law enforcement agency shall 
 64.4   adopt a written policy regarding procedures for responding to 
 64.5   criminal incidents on school buses.  In adopting a policy, each 
 64.6   law enforcement agency shall consult with local school 
 64.7   officials, with representatives of private companies that 
 64.8   contract with school districts to provide transportation, and 
 64.9   with parents of students.  The policy must recognize that 
 64.10  responding to reports of criminal conduct on school buses is the 
 64.11  responsibility of law enforcement officials. 
 64.12     Sec. 29.  [169E.85] [REPORTING INCIDENTS ON SCHOOL BUSES.] 
 64.13     Subdivision 1.  [REPORTABLE OFFENSE; DEFINITION.] 
 64.14  "Reportable offense" means misbehavior causing an immediate and 
 64.15  substantial danger to self or surrounding persons or property 
 64.16  under section 127.29. 
 64.17     Subd. 2.  [DUTY TO REPORT; SCHOOL OFFICIAL.] Consistent 
 64.18  with the school bus safety policy under section 123.805, 
 64.19  subdivision 1, the school principal, the school transportation 
 64.20  safety director, or other designated school official shall 
 64.21  immediately report to the local law enforcement agency having 
 64.22  jurisdiction where the misbehavior occurred and to the school 
 64.23  superintendent if the reporting school official knows or has 
 64.24  reason to believe that a student has committed a reportable 
 64.25  offense on a school bus or in a bus loading or unloading area.  
 64.26  The reporting school official shall issue a report to the 
 64.27  commissioner concerning the incident on a form developed by the 
 64.28  commissioner for that purpose. 
 64.29                             ARTICLE 3 
 64.30                         VEHICLE EQUIPMENT 
 64.31                     EQUIPMENT SAFETY GENERALLY  
 64.32     Section 1.  [169F.03] [RULES; APPLICABILITY.] 
 64.33     Subdivision 1.  [FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY 
 64.34  STANDARDS.] The commissioner, pursuant to the administrative 
 64.35  procedure act, may adopt and enforce rules in substantial 
 64.36  conformity with federal motor vehicle safety standards 
 65.1   established by the United States Secretary of Transportation 
 65.2   pursuant to the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 
 65.3   1966 (Public Law Number 89-563) with respect to any new motor 
 65.4   vehicle or new item of motor vehicle equipment applicable to the 
 65.5   same aspect of performance of the new vehicle or new equipment. 
 65.6      Subd. 2.  [OTHER SAFETY STANDARDS.] In the absence of a 
 65.7   motor vehicle safety standard adopted pursuant to the National 
 65.8   Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966 or if any the 
 65.9   standard is not applicable to new vehicles or new equipment 
 65.10  manufactured and first sold in the state of Minnesota, the 
 65.11  commissioner may require new vehicles and specific types of new 
 65.12  equipment to be tested and approved for compliance with the 
 65.13  requirements of this chapter, or any rule adopted pursuant to 
 65.14  this chapter.  The commissioner shall approve or disapprove of 
 65.15  the vehicle or equipment within a reasonable time after it is 
 65.16  submitted.  Approval may be based upon a certificate of approval 
 65.17  or test report furnished to the commissioner by the American 
 65.18  Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators. 
 65.19     Subd. 3.  [FEE FOR TESTING AND APPROVAL.] The commissioner 
 65.20  is authorized to set and collect a reasonable fee from the 
 65.21  manufacturer or distributor for the testing and approval of all 
 65.22  new vehicles and specific types of new equipment upon which 
 65.23  approval is required under this section.  The fee may be 
 65.24  sufficient in amount to reimburse the department for all costs 
 65.25  connected with the test and approval.  The commissioner shall 
 65.26  waive the fee for any approval based on a certificate of 
 65.27  approval or test report furnished by the American Association of 
 65.28  Motor Vehicle Administrators. 
 65.29     Subd. 4.  [SALE OR USE OF NONCOMPLYING NEW VEHICLE OR 
 65.30  EQUIPMENT.] If a new vehicle or new equipment does not conform 
 65.31  to the provisions of this chapter, or to the rules adopted by 
 65.32  the commissioner, no person shall sell, offer for sale, or use 
 65.33  any such new vehicle or new equipment. 
 65.34     Subd. 5.  [CONFLICTS OF LAWS.] A federal motor vehicle 
 65.35  safety standard adopted by the commissioner that conflicts with 
 65.36  an equipment provision of this chapter, applicable to the same 
 66.1   aspect of performance, shall supersede, on its effective date, 
 66.2   the conflicting equipment provision of this chapter, with 
 66.3   respect to new motor vehicles. 
 66.4      Subd. 6.  [APPLICABILITY TO COLLECTOR VEHICLES.] (a) A 
 66.5   pioneer, classic, collector, collector military, or street rod 
 66.6   vehicle as described in section 168.10, subdivisions 1a to 1d 
 66.7   and 1h, shall have all equipment, in operating condition, that 
 66.8   was specifically required by law as a condition for its first 
 66.9   sale after manufacture. 
 66.10     (b) No law requiring any particular equipment or specifying 
 66.11  any standards to be met by motor vehicles applies to a pioneer, 
 66.12  classic, collector, collector military, or street rod vehicle 
 66.13  unless the law specifically so states. 
 66.14     Sec. 2.  [169F.035] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR SALE OR USE 
 66.15  OF NONCONFORMING NEW VEHICLE OR EQUIPMENT.] 
 66.16     Any person violating the provisions of section 169F.03, 
 66.17  subdivision 4, is guilty of a third degree misdemeanor. 
 66.18     Sec. 3.  [169F.05] [INJUNCTION.] 
 66.19     Subdivision 1.  [AUTHORITY OF DISTRICT COURTS.] The 
 66.20  district courts of this state have the authority to restrain or 
 66.21  enjoin a violation or threatened violation of section 169F.03, 
 66.22  subdivision 4. 
 66.23     Subd. 2.  [INJUNCTIVE POWER OF ATTORNEY GENERAL.] Whenever 
 66.24  it appears to the satisfaction of the attorney general that any 
 66.25  party has sold or offered for sale or is selling or offering for 
 66.26  sale any new motor vehicle or new item of motor vehicle 
 66.27  equipment in violation of section 169F.03, the attorney general 
 66.28  may, in the name of the state, seek injunctive relief in any 
 66.29  court of competent jurisdiction against any such violation or 
 66.30  threatened violation. 
 66.31     Sec. 4.  [169F.07] [UNSAFE EQUIPMENT.] 
 66.32     Subdivision 1.  [PROHIBITION.] Except as provided in 
 66.33  subdivision 2, it is unlawful for any person to drive or for the 
 66.34  owner to cause or knowingly permit to be driven on any highway 
 66.35  any vehicle or combination of vehicles that is in such unsafe 
 66.36  condition as to endanger any person, or that does not contain 
 67.1   those parts or is not at all times equipped with such lamps and 
 67.2   other equipment in proper condition and adjustment as required 
 67.3   in this chapter, or that is equipped in any manner in violation 
 67.4   of this chapter, or for any person to do any act forbidden or 
 67.5   fail to perform any act required under this chapter. 
 67.6      Subd. 2.  [EXCEPTIONS.] The provisions of this chapter with 
 67.7   respect to equipment on vehicles do not apply to implements of 
 67.8   husbandry, road machinery, or road rollers except as otherwise 
 67.9   provided in this chapter. 
 67.10     Subd. 3.  [SPECIALIZED VEHICLE.] For purposes of this 
 67.11  section, a specialized vehicle resembling a low-slung trailer 
 67.12  having a short bed or platform shall be deemed to be an 
 67.13  implement of husbandry when the vehicle is used exclusively to 
 67.14  transport implements of husbandry, provided, however, that no 
 67.15  such vehicle shall operate on the highway before sunrise or 
 67.16  after sunset unless proper lighting is affixed to the implement 
 67.17  being drawn. 
 67.18     Sec. 5.  [169F.09] [TELEVISION; HEADPHONES.] 
 67.19     Subdivision 1.  [TELEVISION SCREEN IN VEHICLE.] No 
 67.20  television screen shall be installed or used in any motor 
 67.21  vehicle at any point forward of the back of the driver's seat, 
 67.22  or that is visible to the driver while operating the motor 
 67.23  vehicle except: 
 67.24     (a) video screens installed in law enforcement vehicles; 
 67.25     (b) closed circuit video systems used exclusively to aid 
 67.26  the driver's visibility to the rear or sides of the vehicle; and 
 67.27     (c) video screens installed as part of a vehicle control 
 67.28  system or used in intelligent vehicle highway applications. 
 67.29     Subd. 2.  [USE OF HEADPHONES IN VEHICLE.] No person, while 
 67.30  operating a motor vehicle, shall wear headphones or earphones 
 67.31  that are used in both ears simultaneously for purposes of 
 67.32  receiving or listening to broadcasts or reproductions from 
 67.33  radios, tapedecks, or other sound-producing or transmitting 
 67.34  devices.  However, this subdivision does not prohibit the use of 
 67.35  hearing aid devices by persons in need thereof. 
 67.36     Sec. 6.  [169F.11] [VEHICLE LIGHTING.] 
 68.1      Subdivision 1.  [TIMES WHEN LIGHTS MUST BE DISPLAYED.] (a) 
 68.2   Except as provided in section 169F.19 (parked vehicles) and 
 68.3   169F.21 (law enforcement vehicles), every vehicle upon a highway 
 68.4   within this state shall display lighted lamps and illuminating 
 68.5   devices, as hereinafter, respectively, required for different 
 68.6   classes of vehicles: 
 68.7      (1) at any time from sunset to sunrise; 
 68.8      (2) at any time when it is raining, snowing, sleeting, or 
 68.9   hailing; and 
 68.10     (3) at any other time when visibility is impaired by 
 68.11  weather, smoke, fog, or other conditions or there is not 
 68.12  sufficient light to render clearly discernible persons and 
 68.13  vehicles on the highway at a distance of 500 feet ahead. 
 68.14     (b) In addition to the other requirements of this 
 68.15  subdivision, every school bus transporting children upon a 
 68.16  highway within this state, at any time from a half hour before 
 68.17  sunrise to a half hour after sunset, shall display lighted lamps 
 68.18  and illuminating devices as required by this subdivision, except 
 68.19  that the operator shall use the lowermost distribution of light 
 68.20  specified in section 169F.31 unless conditions warrant otherwise.
 68.21     (c) When requirement is hereinafter declared as to the 
 68.22  distance from which certain lamps and devices shall render 
 68.23  objects visible or within which the lamps or devices shall be 
 68.24  visible, these provisions shall apply during the time stated in 
 68.25  this section upon a straight level unlighted highway under 
 68.26  normal atmospheric conditions unless a different time or 
 68.27  condition is expressly stated and unless otherwise specified the 
 68.28  location of lamps and devices shall refer to the center of the 
 68.29  lamps or devices.  Parking lamps shall not be used in lieu of 
 68.30  head lamps to satisfy the requirements of this section. 
 68.31     Subd. 2.  [CERTAIN VIOLATIONS; NEGLIGENCE.] Notwithstanding 
 68.32  section 169A.03, a violation of subdivision 1, paragraph (a), 
 68.33  clause (2), is not negligence per se or prima facie evidence of 
 68.34  negligence. 
 68.35                         REQUIRED EQUIPMENT  
 68.36     Sec. 7.  [169F.12] [HEADLAMP EQUIPMENT REQUIRED.] 
 69.1      Subdivision 1.  [MOTOR VEHICLES GENERALLY.] Every motor 
 69.2   vehicle, other than a motorcycle, shall be equipped with at 
 69.3   least two head lamps, with at least one on each side of the 
 69.4   front of the motor vehicle, which head lamps shall comply with 
 69.5   the requirements and limitations set forth in this chapter. 
 69.6      Subd. 2.  [MOTORCYCLES.] Every motorcycle shall be equipped 
 69.7   with at least one and not more than two head lamps, which shall 
 69.8   comply with the requirements and limitations of this chapter. 
 69.9      Sec. 8.  [169F.13] [REAR LAMP EQUIPMENT REQUIRED.] 
 69.10     Subdivision 1.  [REQUIREMENTS.] Every motor vehicle and 
 69.11  every vehicle that is being drawn at the end of a train of 
 69.12  vehicles shall be equipped with at least one tail lamp, 
 69.13  exhibiting a red light plainly visible from a distance of 500 
 69.14  feet to the rear.  Further, every such above-mentioned vehicle, 
 69.15  other than a truck-tractor, registered in this state and 
 69.16  manufactured or assembled after January 1, 1960, shall be 
 69.17  equipped with at least two tail lamps mounted on the rear, on 
 69.18  the same level and as widely spaced laterally as practicable, 
 69.19  which, when lighted as herein required, shall comply with the 
 69.20  provisions of this section. 
 69.21     Subd. 2.  [LICENSE PLATES.] Either the rear lamp or a 
 69.22  separate lamp shall be so constructed and placed as to 
 69.23  illuminate with a white light the rear license plate and render 
 69.24  it legible from a distance of 50 feet to the rear.  Any rear 
 69.25  lamp or rear lamps, together with any separate lamp for 
 69.26  illuminating the rear license plate, shall be so wired as to be 
 69.27  lighted whenever the head lamps or auxiliary driving lamps are 
 69.28  lighted. 
 69.29     Subd. 3.  [REFLECTORS.] On and after January 1, 1960, each 
 69.30  new motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer, sold and each such 
 69.31  vehicle operated on a highway, shall carry at the rear either as 
 69.32  a part of the rear lamp, or separately, at least two reflectors. 
 69.33  The reflectors shall be of a type approved by the commissioner 
 69.34  and shall be mounted as close as is practicable to the extreme 
 69.35  edges of the vehicle at a height not more than 60, nor less than 
 69.36  20 inches above the surface upon which the vehicle stands.  Each 
 70.1   reflector shall be so designed and maintained as to be visible 
 70.2   at night from all distances within 300 to 50 feet from the 
 70.3   vehicle, except that on a commercial vehicle each reflector 
 70.4   shall be visible from all distances within 500 to 50 feet from 
 70.5   the vehicle, when directly in front of a motor vehicle 
 70.6   displaying lawfully lighted headlamps. 
 70.7      Sec. 9.  [169F.14] [CLEARANCE AND MARKER LAMP EQUIPMENT 
 70.8   REQUIRED.] 
 70.9      Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] Every motor vehicle or 
 70.10  motor-drawn vehicle designed or used for the transportation of 
 70.11  property, or for the transportation of passengers for 
 70.12  compensation, shall display lighted lamps, as required in this 
 70.13  section. 
 70.14     Subd. 2.  [CLEARANCE LAMPS.] Every such vehicle having a 
 70.15  width, including load thereon, at any part in excess of 80 
 70.16  inches shall be equipped with four clearance lamps.  Two lamps 
 70.17  shall be located on the front at opposite sides and not more 
 70.18  than six inches from the extreme outer edge of the vehicle or 
 70.19  load, displaying a white or amber light visible from a distance 
 70.20  of 500 feet to the front of the vehicle.  Two lamps shall be 
 70.21  located on the rear on opposite sides not more than six inches 
 70.22  from the extreme outer edge of the vehicle or load, displaying a 
 70.23  red light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the rear of the 
 70.24  vehicle.  The front clearance lamps shall be located at a height 
 70.25  of not less than 24 inches above the head lamp centers.  The 
 70.26  rear clearance lamps shall be in addition to the red rear lamp 
 70.27  hereinbefore required. 
 70.28     Subd. 3.  [MARKER LAMPS.] Every such vehicle or combination 
 70.29  of such vehicles that exceeds 30 feet in overall length shall be 
 70.30  equipped with at least four side marker lamps, one on each side 
 70.31  near the front and one on each side near the rear.  The lamps 
 70.32  shall be at a height of not less than 24 inches above the 
 70.33  surface upon which the vehicle stands.  The lamps near the front 
 70.34  shall display a white or amber light and lamps near the rear 
 70.35  shall display a red light, each visible from a distance of 500 
 70.36  feet to the side of the vehicle on which it is located.  If the 
 71.1   clearance lamps on the right and left sides of the vehicle, as 
 71.2   hereinbefore required, display lights visible from a distance of 
 71.3   500 feet at right angles to the right and left side, 
 71.4   respectively, of the vehicle, they shall be deemed to meet the 
 71.5   requirements as to marker lamps if an additional marker lamp, 
 71.6   white or amber, is displayed approximately midway between the 
 71.7   above specified marker lamps. 
 71.8      Sec. 10.  [169F.15] [PROJECTING LOADS; LIGHTS AND FLAGS.] 
 71.9      Subdivision 1.  [LIGHT DISPLAY REQUIRED.] When the load 
 71.10  upon any vehicle extends to the rear four feet or more beyond 
 71.11  the bed or body of the vehicle there shall be displayed at the 
 71.12  extreme rear end of the load, at the times when lighted lamps on 
 71.13  vehicles are required in this chapter, a red light or lantern 
 71.14  plainly visible from a distance of at least 500 feet to the 
 71.15  sides and rear.  The light or lantern required under this 
 71.16  section shall be in addition to the rear light required upon 
 71.17  every vehicle. 
 71.18     Subd. 2.  [FLAG DISPLAY REQUIRED.] At any time when no 
 71.19  lights are required there shall be displayed at the extreme rear 
 71.20  end of the load a red, yellow, or orange flag or cloth not less 
 71.21  than 16 inches square. 
 71.22     Sec. 11.  [169F.17] [SLOW-MOVING VEHICLES, EMBLEM DISPLAY.] 
 71.23     Subdivision 1.  [DISPLAYING EMBLEM; RULES.] (a) Except as 
 71.24  provided in paragraph (b), all animal-drawn vehicles, motorized 
 71.25  golf carts when operated on designated roadways pursuant to 
 71.26  section 169M.61, implements of husbandry, and other machinery, 
 71.27  including all road construction machinery, which are designed 
 71.28  for operation at a speed of 25 miles per hour or less shall 
 71.29  display a triangular slow-moving vehicle emblem. 
 71.30     (b) A vehicle need not display the emblem when being used 
 71.31  in actual construction and maintenance work and traveling within 
 71.32  the limits of a construction area that is marked in accordance 
 71.33  with requirements of the manual of uniform traffic control 
 71.34  devices, as set forth in section 169D.07. 
 71.35     (c) The emblem shall consist of a fluorescent yellow-orange 
 71.36  triangle with a dark red reflective border and be mounted so as 
 72.1   to be visible from a distance of not less than 600 feet to the 
 72.2   rear.  When a primary power unit towing an implement of 
 72.3   husbandry or other machinery displays a slow-moving vehicle 
 72.4   emblem visible from a distance of 600 feet to the rear, it shall 
 72.5   not be necessary to display a similar emblem on the secondary 
 72.6   unit.  All slow-moving vehicle emblems sold in this state shall 
 72.7   be so designed that when properly mounted they are visible from 
 72.8   a distance of not less than 600 feet to the rear when directly 
 72.9   in front of lawful lower beam of head lamps on a motor vehicle.  
 72.10  The commissioner shall adopt standards and specifications for 
 72.11  the design and position of mounting the slow-moving vehicle 
 72.12  emblem.  The standards and specifications shall be adopted by 
 72.13  rule in accordance with the administrative procedure act. 
 72.14     (d) An alternate slow-moving vehicle emblem consisting of a 
 72.15  dull black triangle with a white reflective border may be used 
 72.16  after obtaining a permit from the commissioner under rules of 
 72.17  the commissioner.  A person with a permit to use an alternate 
 72.18  slow-moving vehicle emblem must: 
 72.19     (1) carry in the vehicle a regular slow-moving vehicle 
 72.20  emblem and display the emblem when operating a vehicle between 
 72.21  sunset and sunrise, and at any other time when visibility is 
 72.22  impaired by weather, smoke, fog, or other conditions; and 
 72.23     (2) permanently affix to the rear of the slow-moving 
 72.24  vehicle at least 72 square inches of reflective tape that 
 72.25  reflects the color red. 
 72.26     Subd. 2.  [PROHIBITION ON USE.] (a) Except as provided in 
 72.27  paragraph (b), the use of this emblem shall be restricted to the 
 72.28  slow moving vehicles specified in subdivision 1 and its use on 
 72.29  any other type of vehicle or stationary object on the highway is 
 72.30  prohibited. 
 72.31     (b) A towed implement of husbandry that is empty and that 
 72.32  is not self-propelled may be towed at lawful speeds greater than 
 72.33  25 miles per hour without removing the slow-moving vehicle 
 72.34  emblem. 
 72.35     Subd. 3.  [PROHIBITION ON DISTRIBUTION.] No person shall 
 72.36  sell, lease, or rent any slow moving vehicle, as defined in 
 73.1   subdivision 1, except motorized golf carts and except those 
 73.2   units designed to be completely mounted on a primary power unit, 
 73.3   unless the vehicle is equipped with a slow moving vehicle emblem 
 73.4   mounting device as specified in subdivision 1. 
 73.5      Sec. 12.  [169F.19] [LIGHTS FOR PARKED VEHICLES.] 
 73.6      Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] Except as provided in 
 73.7   subdivision 2, when a vehicle is parked or stopped upon a 
 73.8   highway or shoulder adjacent thereto during the times when 
 73.9   lighted lamps on vehicles are required, it shall be equipped 
 73.10  with one or more lamps, which shall exhibit: 
 73.11     (a) a white or amber light on the roadway side visible from 
 73.12  a distance of 500 feet to the front of the vehicle; and 
 73.13     (b) a red light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the 
 73.14  rear. 
 73.15     Subd. 2.  [EXCEPTION.] Local authorities may provide by 
 73.16  ordinance that no lights need be displayed upon a vehicle when 
 73.17  stopped or parked in accordance with local parking regulations 
 73.18  upon a highway where there is sufficient light to clearly reveal 
 73.19  any person or object within a distance of 500 feet upon the 
 73.20  highway. 
 73.21     Subd. 3.  [HEAD LAMPS TO BE DIMMED.] Any lighted head lamps 
 73.22  upon a parked vehicle shall be depressed or dimmed. 
 73.23     Sec. 13.  [169F.21] [LIGHTING EXEMPTIONS; LAW ENFORCEMENT 
 73.24  VEHICLES; STANDARDS.] 
 73.25     Subdivision 1.  [EXEMPTION.] Sections 84.87, 84.928, 
 73.26  86B.511, and 169F.11 to 169F.41, relating to lighting of 
 73.27  vehicles and watercraft, do not apply to a licensed peace 
 73.28  officer, as defined in section 626.84, subdivision 1, paragraph 
 73.29  (c), while operating a motor vehicle or watercraft owned, 
 73.30  leased, or otherwise the property of the state or a political 
 73.31  subdivision, in the performance of the officer's law enforcement 
 73.32  duties if the officer's conduct is reasonable and is consistent 
 73.33  with the standards adopted under subdivision 2, and if the 
 73.34  officer reasonably believes that operating the vehicle without 
 73.35  lights is necessary under the circumstances to investigate a 
 73.36  criminal violation or suspected criminal violation of state 
 74.1   laws, rules, or orders or local laws, ordinances, or regulations.
 74.2      Subd. 2.  [POST BOARD STANDARDS.] The peace officer 
 74.3   standards and training board shall adopt standards governing 
 74.4   situations in which licensed peace officers as defined in 
 74.5   section 626.84, subdivision 1, paragraph (c), may operate a 
 74.6   vehicle or watercraft without lights as provided in subdivision 
 74.7   1. 
 74.8      Sec. 14.  [169F.23] [LIGHTS ON ALL VEHICLES.] 
 74.9      Subdivision 1.  [LIGHTS OR REFLECTORS REQUIRED.] (a) At the 
 74.10  times when lighted lamps on vehicles are required each vehicle 
 74.11  including an animal-drawn vehicle and any vehicle specifically 
 74.12  excepted in any other section of this chapter, with respect to 
 74.13  equipment and not hereinbefore specifically required to be 
 74.14  equipped with lamps, shall be equipped with one or more lighted 
 74.15  lamps or lanterns projecting a white light visible from a 
 74.16  distance of 500 feet to the front of the vehicle and with a lamp 
 74.17  or lantern exhibiting a red light visible from a distance of 500 
 74.18  feet to the rear, except that reflectors meeting the maximum 
 74.19  requirements of this chapter may be used in lieu of the lights 
 74.20  required in this subdivision. 
 74.21     (b) It shall be unlawful except as otherwise provided in 
 74.22  this subdivision, to project a white light to the rear of any 
 74.23  such vehicle while traveling on any street or highway, unless 
 74.24  the vehicle is moving in reverse. 
 74.25     (c) An authorized emergency vehicle may display an 
 74.26  oscillating, alternating, or rotating white light used in 
 74.27  connection with an oscillating, alternating or rotating red 
 74.28  light when responding to emergency calls. 
 74.29     Subd. 2.  [IMPLEMENTS OF HUSBANDRY.] (a) At the times when 
 74.30  lighted lamps on vehicles are required: 
 74.31     (1) every self-propelled implement of husbandry must be 
 74.32  equipped with at least one lamp displaying a white light to the 
 74.33  front, and at least one lamp displaying a red light to the rear; 
 74.34     (2) every self-propelled implement of husbandry must also 
 74.35  display two red reflectors visible to the rear; 
 74.36     (3) every combination of a self-propelled and towed 
 75.1   implement of husbandry must be equipped with at least one lamp 
 75.2   mounted to indicate as nearly as practicable the extreme left 
 75.3   projection of the combination and displaying a white or amber 
 75.4   light to the front and a red or amber light to the rear of the 
 75.5   self-propelled implement of husbandry; and 
 75.6      (4) the last unit of every combination of implements of 
 75.7   husbandry must display two red reflectors visible to the rear. 
 75.8      (b) The reflectors must be of the type approved for use 
 75.9   upon commercial vehicles.  The reflectors must be mounted as 
 75.10  close as practicable to the extreme edges of the implement of 
 75.11  husbandry.  The reflectors must be reflex reflectors that are 
 75.12  visible at night from all distances within 600 feet to 100 feet 
 75.13  when directly in front of lawful lower beams of headlamps. 
 75.14     Subd. 3.  [IMPLEMENTS OF HUSBANDRY; HAZARD WARNING LIGHTS.] 
 75.15  No person may operate a self-propelled implement of husbandry 
 75.16  manufactured after January 1, 1970, on a highway unless the 
 75.17  implement of husbandry displays vehicular hazard warning lights 
 75.18  visible to the front and rear in normal sunlight. 
 75.19     Sec. 15.  [169F.25] [AUXILIARY LIGHTS.] 
 75.20     Subdivision 1.  [SPOT LIGHTS.] Any motor vehicle may be 
 75.21  equipped with not to exceed two spot lamps and every lighted 
 75.22  spot lamp shall be so aimed and used upon approaching another 
 75.23  vehicle that no part of the high intensity portion of the beam 
 75.24  will be directed on the road surface to the left of the center 
 75.25  of the vehicle, nor more than 100 feet ahead of the vehicle upon 
 75.26  which the lamps are mounted. 
 75.27     Subd. 2.  [FOG LIGHTS.] Any motor vehicle may be equipped 
 75.28  with not to exceed two fog lamps mounted on the front at a 
 75.29  height not less than 12 inches nor more than 30 inches above the 
 75.30  level surface upon which the vehicle stands and so aimed that 
 75.31  when the vehicle is not loaded none of the high-intensity 
 75.32  portion of the light to the left of the center of the vehicle 
 75.33  shall at a distance of 25 feet ahead project higher than a level 
 75.34  of four inches below the level of the center of the lamp from 
 75.35  which it comes.  Lighted fog lamps meeting the above 
 75.36  requirements may be used with lower headlamp beams as specified 
 76.1   in section 169F.31. 
 76.2      Subd. 3.  [AUXILIARY LOW BEAM LIGHTS.] Except as provided 
 76.3   in subdivision 5, any motor vehicle may be equipped with not to 
 76.4   exceed two auxiliary low beam lamps mounted on the front at a 
 76.5   height of not less than 24 inches nor more than 42 inches above 
 76.6   the level surface upon which the vehicle stands.  The provisions 
 76.7   of section 169F.31 shall apply to any combination of headlamps 
 76.8   and auxiliary low beam lamps. 
 76.9      Subd. 4.  [AUXILIARY DRIVING LIGHTS.] Except as provided in 
 76.10  subdivision 5, any motor vehicle may be equipped with not to 
 76.11  exceed two auxiliary driving lamps mounted on the front at a 
 76.12  height not less than 16 inches nor more than 42 inches above the 
 76.13  level surface upon which the vehicle stands.  The provisions of 
 76.14  section 169F.31 shall apply to any combination of headlamps and 
 76.15  auxiliary driving lamps. 
 76.16     Subd. 5.  [EXCEPTION FOR LIGHTS OBSTRUCTED BY SNOWPLOW 
 76.17  BLADE.] (a) The auxiliary lamps permitted in subdivision 3 may 
 76.18  be mounted more than 42 inches high on any truck equipped with a 
 76.19  snowplow blade that obstructs the required headlights.  The 
 76.20  lights may not be illuminated when a snowplow blade is not 
 76.21  mounted on the vehicle. 
 76.22     (b) No other vehicle may be operated on a public highway 
 76.23  unless the auxiliary lamps permitted in subdivisions 3 and 4 
 76.24  comply with the height requirements or are completely covered 
 76.25  with an opaque material. 
 76.26     Sec. 16.  [169F.27] [VEHICLE SIGNALS.] 
 76.27     Subdivision 1.  [STOP LIGHTS.] (a) Any vehicle may be 
 76.28  equipped and when required under this chapter, shall be equipped 
 76.29  with at least two stop lamps on the rear that shall emit a red 
 76.30  or yellow light and that shall be actuated upon application of 
 76.31  the service (foot) brake and that may, but need not be, 
 76.32  incorporated with the tail lamps and that shall be plainly 
 76.33  visible and understandable from a distance of 100 feet to the 
 76.34  rear during normal sunlight and at night. 
 76.35     (b) No person shall sell or offer for sale or operate on 
 76.36  the highways any motor vehicle registered in this state and 
 77.1   manufactured or assembled after January 1, 1960, unless it is 
 77.2   equipped with at least two stop lamps meeting the requirements 
 77.3   of this subdivision, except that a motorcycle, motorized 
 77.4   bicycle, or truck tractor manufactured or assembled after that 
 77.5   date shall be equipped with at least one stop lamp meeting the 
 77.6   requirements of this subdivision. 
 77.7      Subd. 2.  [TURN SIGNAL.] (a) Any vehicle may be equipped, 
 77.8   and when required under this chapter shall be equipped, with a 
 77.9   lamp or lamps or mechanical signal device of such color as may 
 77.10  be approved by the commissioner and capable of clearly 
 77.11  indicating any intention to turn either to the right or to the 
 77.12  left and shall be visible and understandable during both daytime 
 77.13  and nighttime from a distance of 100 feet both to the front and 
 77.14  rear. 
 77.15     (b) It shall be unlawful for any person to sell or offer 
 77.16  for sale any new motor vehicle, excepting motorcycles, motor 
 77.17  scooters, and motorized bicycles, unless it is equipped with 
 77.18  turn signals meeting the requirements of this chapter. 
 77.19     Subd. 3.  [MAINTENANCE.] (a) When a vehicle is equipped 
 77.20  with stop lamps or signal lamps, the lamps shall at all times be 
 77.21  maintained in good working condition. 
 77.22     (b) No stop lamps or signal lamp shall project a glaring or 
 77.23  dazzling light. 
 77.24     (c) All mechanical signal devices shall be self-illumined 
 77.25  when in use at the times when lighted lamps on vehicles are 
 77.26  required. 
 77.27     Subd. 4.  [ALTERATION OF STOP LAMP PROHIBITED.] On a 
 77.28  vehicle that must be equipped with a single center high mounted 
 77.29  stop lamp under federal motor vehicle safety standards, and on 
 77.30  any other vehicle equipped with a similar stop lamp, a person 
 77.31  may not alter the stop lamp by the addition of an overlay or 
 77.32  other device, or install a replacement lens, if the alteration 
 77.33  or installation alters or obscures any portion of the lamp or 
 77.34  affects the intensity of light emitted. 
 77.35     Sec. 17.  [169F.28] [IDENTIFICATION LAMPS.] 
 77.36     Subdivision 1.  [WIDE OR LONG VEHICLES.] Any vehicle or 
 78.1   combination of vehicles having a width including load thereon at 
 78.2   any part in excess of 80 inches or that exceeds 30 feet in 
 78.3   overall length may be equipped with identification lamps on the 
 78.4   front displaying three amber or white lights and identification 
 78.5   lamps on the rear displaying three red lights, and when so 
 78.6   equipped the lights in each such group shall be evenly spaced 
 78.7   not less than six nor more than 12 inches apart, along a 
 78.8   horizontal line as near to the top of the vehicle as 
 78.9   practicable, and these lights shall be visible from a distance 
 78.10  of 500 feet to the front and rear, respectively, of the vehicle. 
 78.11     Subd. 2.  [RED LAMPS; PERMITS FOR VOLUNTEER EMERGENCY 
 78.12  RESPONDERS.] Upon obtaining a permit from the commissioner, any 
 78.13  motor vehicles operated by an active member of a volunteer fire 
 78.14  department authorized by or contracting with any city or 
 78.15  township in this state, an emergency medical first responder, or 
 78.16  an ambulance crew member may be equipped with a lamp emitting a 
 78.17  red light to the front of the vehicle.  The lens of the lamp 
 78.18  shall be not more than three inches in diameter.  The lamp shall 
 78.19  be lighted only when the member of the volunteer fire 
 78.20  department, ambulance crew member, or emergency medical first 
 78.21  responder is responding to an emergency call in connection with 
 78.22  duties as a volunteer firefighter, ambulance crew member, or 
 78.23  responder.  The commissioner is hereby authorized to issue 
 78.24  permits on applications of a member of a volunteer fire 
 78.25  department properly certified to by the chief of said volunteer 
 78.26  fire department, and on applications for emergency medical first 
 78.27  responders or ambulance crew members.  The commissioner must be 
 78.28  notified immediately upon the termination of membership in a 
 78.29  volunteer fire department or when an ambulance or permitted 
 78.30  emergency medical first responder ceases operations. 
 78.31     Subd. 3.  [VOLUNTEER AMBULANCE DRIVERS.] The commissioner, 
 78.32  upon application therefor, may issue a permit to any 
 78.33  certificated volunteer ambulance driver authorizing the driver 
 78.34  to equip any privately owned motor vehicle operated by the 
 78.35  driver with a lamp emitting a red light to the front of the 
 78.36  vehicle.  The lamps shall conform to specifications adopted by 
 79.1   the commissioner.  The lamp shall be lighted only when the 
 79.2   driver is proceeding to the location of an ambulance in response 
 79.3   to an emergency call.  The application shall be in the form 
 79.4   prescribed by the commissioner and shall contain verification 
 79.5   satisfactory to the commissioner of the applicant's status as a 
 79.6   certificated volunteer ambulance driver.  Any permit issued 
 79.7   shall expire immediately upon termination of the permittee's 
 79.8   employment as a volunteer ambulance driver. 
 79.9      Sec. 18.  [169F.29] [WARNING LIGHTS.] 
 79.10     Subdivision 1.  [FENDER LIGHTS.] Any vehicle may be 
 79.11  equipped with not more than two side cowl or fender lamps, one 
 79.12  on each side, that shall emit a white light without glare. 
 79.13     Subd. 2.  [RUNNING BOARD LIGHTS.] Any vehicle may be 
 79.14  equipped with not more than one running board courtesy lamp on 
 79.15  each side thereof, which shall emit a white or yellow light 
 79.16  without glare. 
 79.17     Subd. 3.  [BACKUP LIGHTS.] Any vehicle may be equipped with 
 79.18  not more than two backup lamps, either separately or in 
 79.19  combination with another lamp, and not more than two rear 
 79.20  cornering lamps, except that the lamps must not be continuously 
 79.21  lighted when the vehicle is in forward motion, nor shall it 
 79.22  project a glaring light. 
 79.23     Subd. 4.  [FLASHING WARNING LIGHTS.] Any vehicle may be 
 79.24  equipped with lamps that may be used for the purpose of warning 
 79.25  the operators of other vehicles of the presence of a vehicular 
 79.26  traffic hazard requiring the exercise of unusual care in 
 79.27  approaching, overtaking, or passing, and when so equipped may 
 79.28  display the warning in addition to any other warning signals 
 79.29  required by this chapter.  The lamps used to display the 
 79.30  warnings to the front shall be mounted at the same level and as 
 79.31  widely spaced laterally as practicable, and shall display 
 79.32  simultaneous flashing white or amber lights, or any shade of 
 79.33  color between white and amber.  The lamps used to display the 
 79.34  warnings to the rear shall be mounted at the same level and as 
 79.35  widely spaced laterally as practicable, and shall show 
 79.36  simultaneously flashing amber or red lights, or any shade of 
 80.1   color between amber and red.  Instead of a pair of lamps that 
 80.2   flash simultaneously, either one or two strobe lights or 
 80.3   rotating beacon lights with an amber or yellow lens may be used 
 80.4   both to the front and rear of the vehicle.  These warning lights 
 80.5   shall be visible from a distance of not less than 500 feet under 
 80.6   normal atmospheric conditions at night. 
 80.7      Sec. 19.  [169F.31] [HIGH AND LOW BEAM EQUIPMENT.] 
 80.8      Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] Except as hereinafter 
 80.9   provided, the head lamps, the auxiliary low beam lamps, or the 
 80.10  auxiliary driving lamps, or combinations thereof, on motor 
 80.11  vehicles shall be so arranged that the driver may select at will 
 80.12  between distributions of light projected to different 
 80.13  elevations, subject to the requirements and limitations of 
 80.14  subdivisions 2 to 4. 
 80.15     Subd. 2.  [HIGH BEAM.] There shall be an uppermost 
 80.16  distribution of light, or composite beam, so aimed and of such 
 80.17  intensity as to reveal persons and vehicles at a distance of at 
 80.18  least 350 feet ahead for all conditions of loading. 
 80.19     Subd. 3.  [LOW BEAM.] There shall be a lowermost 
 80.20  distribution of light, or composite beam, so aimed and of 
 80.21  sufficient intensity to reveal persons and vehicles at a 
 80.22  distance of at least 100 feet ahead; and on a straight level 
 80.23  road under any condition of loading none of the high intensity 
 80.24  portion of the beam shall be directed to strike the eyes of an 
 80.25  approaching driver. 
 80.26     Subd. 4.  [BEAM INDICATOR.] All road lighting equipment 
 80.27  manufactured and installed on and after January 1, 1938, shall 
 80.28  be so arranged that when any beam is used that is not in 
 80.29  conformity with subdivision 3, means shall be provided for 
 80.30  indicating to the driver when the beam is being used. 
 80.31     Sec. 20.  [169F.33] [USE OF HIGH AND LOW BEAMS.] 
 80.32     Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] When a motor vehicle is being 
 80.33  operated on a highway or shoulder adjacent thereto during the 
 80.34  times when lighted lamps on vehicles are required in this 
 80.35  chapter, the driver shall use a distribution of light, or 
 80.36  composite beam, directed high enough and of sufficient intensity 
 81.1   to reveal persons and vehicles at a safe distance in advance of 
 81.2   the vehicle, subject to the following requirements and 
 81.3   limitations. 
 81.4      Subd. 2.  [APPROACHING VEHICLE.] When the driver of a 
 81.5   vehicle approaches a vehicle within 1,000 feet, the driver shall 
 81.6   use a distribution of light, or composite beam, so aimed that 
 81.7   the glaring rays are not projected into the eyes of the oncoming 
 81.8   driver. 
 81.9      Subd. 3.  [FOLLOWING VEHICLE.] When the driver of a vehicle 
 81.10  follows another vehicle within 200 feet to the rear, except when 
 81.11  engaged in the act of overtaking and passing, the driver shall 
 81.12  use a distribution of light permissible under this chapter other 
 81.13  than the uppermost distribution of light specified in section 
 81.14  169F.31. 
 81.15     Sec. 21.  [169F.35] [HEADLAMPS PERMITTED ON MOTOR VEHICLES 
 81.16  MANUFACTURED AND SOLD BEFORE 1938.] 
 81.17     Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] Head lamps arranged to provide 
 81.18  a single distribution of light not supplemented by auxiliary 
 81.19  driving lamps shall be permitted on motor vehicles manufactured 
 81.20  and sold prior to January 1, 1938, in lieu of multiple-beam road 
 81.21  lighting equipment herein specified if the single distribution 
 81.22  of light complies with the requirements and limitations 
 81.23  specified in subdivisions 2 and 3. 
 81.24     Subd. 2.  [HEIGHT OF BEAM.] The head lamps shall be so 
 81.25  aimed that when the vehicle is fully loaded none of the high 
 81.26  intensity portion of the lamp beam rises above a horizontal 
 81.27  plane passing through the head lamp centers parallel to the 
 81.28  level surface upon which the vehicle stands, and in no case 
 81.29  higher than 42 inches above the level on which the vehicle 
 81.30  stands at a distance of 75 and more feet ahead. 
 81.31     Subd. 3.  [INTENSITY.] The intensity shall be sufficient to 
 81.32  reveal persons and vehicles at a distance of at least 200 feet. 
 81.33     Sec. 22.  [169F.37] [NUMBER AND INTENSITY OF HEAD LAMPS.] 
 81.34     Subdivision 1.  [MINIMUM NUMBER OF HEADLAMPS.] At all times 
 81.35  when lighted lamps on vehicles are required in this chapter, at 
 81.36  least two lighted head lamps shall be displayed, one on each 
 82.1   side at the front of every motor vehicle, other than a 
 82.2   motorcycle.  However, under adverse weather conditions two 
 82.3   lighted auxiliary lamps, one on each side at the front of the 
 82.4   vehicle, may be used in lieu of two lighted head lamps, except 
 82.5   when the vehicle is parked subject to the rules governing lights 
 82.6   on parked vehicles. 
 82.7      Subd. 2.  [MAXIMUM NUMBER OF FRONT LAMPS.] When a motor 
 82.8   vehicle equipped with head lamps, as herein required, is also 
 82.9   equipped with any auxiliary lamps, spot lamps, or any other 
 82.10  lamps on the front thereof projecting a beam of intensity 
 82.11  greater than 300-candle power, not more than a total of four of 
 82.12  any such lamps on the front of a vehicle shall be lighted at any 
 82.13  one time when upon a highway. 
 82.14     Subd. 3.  [MAXIMUM CANDLE POWER.] The maximum beam candle 
 82.15  power from any combination of lamps used at any time for road 
 82.16  lighting shall not exceed that authorized by the commissioner. 
 82.17     Sec. 23.  [169F.39] [PROHIBITED LIGHTS; EXCEPTIONS.] 
 82.18     Subdivision 1.  [BRIGHT LIGHTS.] Any lighted lamp or 
 82.19  illuminating device upon a motor vehicle, other than a head 
 82.20  lamp, a spot lamp, or an auxiliary driving lamp, which projects 
 82.21  a beam of light of an intensity greater than 300-candle power, 
 82.22  shall be so directed that no part of the beam will strike the 
 82.23  level of the roadway on which the vehicle stands at a distance 
 82.24  of more than 75 feet from the vehicle. 
 82.25     Subd. 2.  [COLORED LIGHTS.] Unless otherwise authorized by 
 82.26  the commissioner, no vehicle shall be equipped, nor shall any 
 82.27  person drive or move any vehicle or equipment upon any highway 
 82.28  with any lamp or device displaying a red light or any colored 
 82.29  light other than those required or permitted in this chapter. 
 82.30     Subd. 3.  [FLASHING LIGHTS.] Flashing lights are 
 82.31  prohibited, except on an authorized emergency vehicle, school 
 82.32  bus, bicycle as provided in section 169M.17, subdivision 5, road 
 82.33  maintenance equipment, tow truck or towing vehicle, service 
 82.34  vehicle, farm tractors, self-propelled farm equipment, rural 
 82.35  mail carrier vehicle, or on any vehicle as a means of indicating 
 82.36  a right or left turn, or the presence of a vehicular traffic 
 83.1   hazard requiring unusual care in approaching, overtaking or 
 83.2   passing.  All flashing warning lights shall be of the type 
 83.3   authorized by section 169F.29, subdivision 4, unless otherwise 
 83.4   permitted or required in this chapter. 
 83.5      Subd. 4.  [BLUE LIGHTS.] (a) Except as provided in 
 83.6   paragraph (b), blue lights are prohibited on all vehicles except 
 83.7   road maintenance equipment and snow removal equipment operated 
 83.8   by or under contract to the state or a political subdivision 
 83.9   thereof. 
 83.10     (b) Authorized emergency vehicles may display flashing blue 
 83.11  lights to the rear of the vehicle as a warning signal in 
 83.12  combination with other lights permitted or required by this 
 83.13  chapter. 
 83.14     Subd. 5.  [FLASHING LIGHTS ON TOW TRUCK.] A tow truck or 
 83.15  towing vehicle must be equipped with flashing or intermittent 
 83.16  red and amber lights of a type approved by the commissioner.  
 83.17  The lights must be placed on the dome of the vehicle at the 
 83.18  highest practicable point visible from a distance of 500 feet.  
 83.19  The flashing red light must be displayed only when the tow truck 
 83.20  or towing vehicle is engaged in emergency service on or near the 
 83.21  traveled portion of a highway.  The flashing amber light may be 
 83.22  displayed when the tow truck or towing vehicle is moving a 
 83.23  disabled vehicle. 
 83.24     Subd. 6.  [FLASHING AMBER LIGHT.] (a) Any service vehicle 
 83.25  may be equipped with a flashing amber lamp of a type approved by 
 83.26  the commissioner. 
 83.27     (b) A service vehicle shall not display the lighted lamp 
 83.28  authorized under paragraph (a) when traveling upon the highway 
 83.29  or at any other time except at the scene of a disabled vehicle 
 83.30  or while engaged in snow removal or road maintenance. 
 83.31     (c) A self-propelled implement of husbandry may display the 
 83.32  lighted lamp authorized under paragraph (a) at any time. 
 83.33     Subd. 7.  [STROBE LAMPS.] (a) Notwithstanding sections 
 83.34  169F.23, subdivision 1, 169F.27, subdivision 3, paragraph (b), 
 83.35  or any other law to the contrary, a vehicle may be equipped with 
 83.36  a 360-degree flashing strobe lamp that emits a white light with 
 84.1   a flash rate of 60 to 120 flashes a minute, and the lamp may be 
 84.2   used as provided in this subdivision, if the vehicle is: 
 84.3      (1) a school bus that is subject to and complies with the 
 84.4   equipment requirements of sections 169E.05, subdivision 1, and 
 84.5   169E.07, subdivision 1, or a Head Start bus that is not a type 
 84.6   III bus.  The lamp shall be permanently mounted on the 
 84.7   longitudinal center line of the bus roof not less than two feet 
 84.8   nor more than seven feet forward of the rear roof edge.  It 
 84.9   shall operate from a separate switch containing an indicator 
 84.10  lamp to show when the strobe lamp is in use.  The strobe lamp 
 84.11  may be lighted only when atmospheric conditions or terrain 
 84.12  restrict the visibility of school bus lamps and signals or Head 
 84.13  Start bus lamps and signals so as to require use of the bright 
 84.14  strobe lamp to alert motorists to the presence of the school bus 
 84.15  or Head Start bus.  A strobe lamp may not be lighted unless the 
 84.16  school bus or Head Start bus is actually being used as a school 
 84.17  bus or Head Start bus; or 
 84.18     (2) a road maintenance vehicle owned or under contract to 
 84.19  the department of transportation or a road authority of a 
 84.20  county, home rule or statutory city, or town, but the strobe 
 84.21  lamp may only be operated while the vehicle is actually engaged 
 84.22  in snow removal during daylight hours. 
 84.23     (b) Notwithstanding sections 169F.23, subdivision 1; 
 84.24  169F.27, subdivision 3, paragraph (b), or any other law to the 
 84.25  contrary, a vehicle may be equipped with a 360-degree flashing 
 84.26  strobe lamp that emits an amber light with a flash rate of 60 to 
 84.27  120 flashes a minute, and the lamp may be used as provided in 
 84.28  this subdivision, if the vehicle is a rural mail carrier 
 84.29  vehicle, provided that the strobe lamp is mounted at the highest 
 84.30  practicable point on the vehicle.  The strobe lamp may only be 
 84.31  operated while the vehicle is actually engaged during daylight 
 84.32  hours in the delivery of mail to residents on a rural mail route.
 84.33     (c) A strobe lamp authorized by this section shall be of a 
 84.34  double flash type certified to the commissioner by the 
 84.35  manufacturer as being weatherproof and having a minimum 
 84.36  effective light output of 200 candelas as measured by the 
 85.1   Blondel-Rey formula. 
 85.2      Subd. 8.  [WARNING LAMPS ON VEHICLES COLLECTING SOLID 
 85.3   WASTE.] A vehicle used to collect solid waste may be equipped 
 85.4   with a single amber gaseous discharge warning lamp that meets 
 85.5   the Society of Automotive Engineers standard J 1318, Class 2.  
 85.6   The lamp may be operated only when the collection vehicle is in 
 85.7   the process of collecting solid waste and is either: 
 85.8      (a) stopped at an establishment where solid waste is to be 
 85.9   collected; or 
 85.10     (b) traveling at a speed that is at least ten miles per 
 85.11  hour below the posted speed limit and moving between 
 85.12  establishments where solid waste is to be collected. 
 85.13     Subd. 9.  [COVERING LAMPS AND REFLECTORS.] (a) Except as 
 85.14  provided in paragraph (b), it is prohibited for any person to: 
 85.15     (1) equip a motor vehicle with any equipment or material 
 85.16  that covers a head lamp, tail lamp, or reflector; or 
 85.17     (2) operate a motor vehicle fitted with or otherwise having 
 85.18  equipment or material that covers a head lamp, tail lamp, or 
 85.19  reflector. 
 85.20     (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply to: 
 85.21     (1) any manufacturer's original equipment or material; 
 85.22     (2) any equipment or material that is clear and colorless; 
 85.23  or 
 85.24     (3) the covering for auxiliary lights required under 
 85.25  section 169F.25. 
 85.26     Sec. 24.  [169F.41] [SPECIFICATIONS FOR LIGHTING AND OTHER 
 85.27  DEVICES.] 
 85.28     Subdivision 1.  [STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS.] The commissioner 
 85.29  is hereby authorized and required to adopt and enforce standard 
 85.30  specifications as to the amount, color, and direction of light 
 85.31  to be emitted or reflected by lighting devices and as to the 
 85.32  general construction and mounting on the vehicle for compliance 
 85.33  with the requirements and limitations of this chapter. 
 85.34     Subd. 2.  [SELLING OR USING UNAPPROVED EQUIPMENT.] No 
 85.35  person shall have for sale, sell, or offer for sale for use upon 
 85.36  or as a part of the equipment of a vehicle, trailer or 
 86.1   semitrailer, or use upon any such vehicle, any head lamp, 
 86.2   auxiliary driving lamp, rear lamp, signal lamp, spot lamp, 
 86.3   clearance lamp, marker lamp or reflector, or parts of any of the 
 86.4   foregoing, unless of a type that has been submitted to and 
 86.5   approved by the commissioner. 
 86.6      Subd. 3.  [SELLING OR USING UNMARKED EQUIPMENT.] No person 
 86.7   shall have for sale, sell, or offer for sale for use upon or as 
 86.8   a part of the equipment of a vehicle, trailer or semitrailer, or 
 86.9   bicycle, or use upon any such vehicle, any lamp or device 
 86.10  mentioned in this section, which has been approved by the 
 86.11  commissioner unless the lamp or device bears thereon the 
 86.12  trademark or name and model designation all permanently marked 
 86.13  under which it is approved so as to be legible when installed. 
 86.14     Subd. 4.  [USING UNAPPROVED LAMPS.] No person shall use 
 86.15  upon any vehicle, trailer or semitrailer, or bicycle any lamps 
 86.16  mentioned in this section unless the lamps are equipped with 
 86.17  bulbs of a type approved by the commissioner, having a rated 
 86.18  candle power, and are mounted and adjusted as to focus and aim 
 86.19  in accordance with instructions of the commissioner. 
 86.20     Subd. 5.  [COMMISSIONER'S AUTHORITY AND DUTIES.] (a) The 
 86.21  commissioner is hereby authorized to approve or disapprove 
 86.22  lighting devices. 
 86.23     (b) The commissioner is hereby required to approve or 
 86.24  disapprove any lighting device, of a type on which approval is 
 86.25  specifically required in this chapter, within a reasonable time 
 86.26  after the device has been submitted. 
 86.27     (c) The commissioner is further authorized to set up a 
 86.28  procedure that shall be followed when any device is submitted 
 86.29  for approval. 
 86.30     (d) The commissioner is authorized to set and collect a 
 86.31  reasonable fee for the testing and approval of all types of 
 86.32  devices upon which approval is required in this chapter.  The 
 86.33  fee may be sufficient in amount to reimburse the department for 
 86.34  all costs connected with the test and approval. 
 86.35     (e) The commissioner, upon approving any such lamp or 
 86.36  device, shall issue to the applicant a certificate of approval, 
 87.1   together with any instructions determined by the commissioner. 
 87.2      (f) The commissioner shall publish lists of all lamps and 
 87.3   devices by name and type that have been approved by the 
 87.4   commissioner, together with instructions as to the permissible 
 87.5   candlepower rating of the bulbs that the commissioner has 
 87.6   determined for use therein and such other instructions as to 
 87.7   adjustment as the commissioner may deem necessary.  No person 
 87.8   shall sell for use or use on any vehicle any reconverted lamp or 
 87.9   any device redesigned for a use other than for which it was 
 87.10  originally approved unless authorized by the commissioner. 
 87.11     Sec. 25.  [169F.43] [HEARINGS ON SPECIFICATIONS.] 
 87.12     Subdivision 1.  [HEARING AND NOTICE OF NONCOMPLIANCE.] With 
 87.13  reason to believe that an approved device that is being sold 
 87.14  commercially does not comply with the requirements of this 
 87.15  chapter, the commissioner may, after giving 30 days' previous 
 87.16  notice to the person holding the certificate of approval for the 
 87.17  device in this state, conduct a hearing upon the question of 
 87.18  compliance of the approved device.  After the hearing the 
 87.19  commissioner shall determine whether the approved device meets 
 87.20  the requirements of this chapter.  If it does not meet the 
 87.21  requirements of this chapter, the commissioner shall give notice 
 87.22  to the person holding the certificate of approval for the device 
 87.23  in this state. 
 87.24     Subd. 2.  [SUSPENSION OR REVOCATION OF APPROVAL.] If, upon 
 87.25  the expiration of 90 days after the notice, the person holding 
 87.26  the certificate of approval for the device has failed to satisfy 
 87.27  the commissioner that the approved device as thereafter to be 
 87.28  sold meets the requirements of this chapter, the commissioner: 
 87.29     (a) shall suspend or revoke the approval issued therefor 
 87.30  until or unless the device is resubmitted to and retested by an 
 87.31  authorized testing agency and is found to meet the requirements 
 87.32  of this chapter; and 
 87.33     (b) may require that all such devices sold since the 
 87.34  notification following the hearing be replaced with devices that 
 87.35  do comply with the requirements of this chapter. 
 87.36     Subd. 3.  [REFUSAL OF RENEWAL OF APPROVAL.] The 
 88.1   commissioner may at the time of the retest purchase in the open 
 88.2   market and submit to the testing agency one or more sets of the 
 88.3   approved devices, and if the device upon the retest fails to 
 88.4   meet the requirements of this chapter, the commissioner may 
 88.5   refuse to renew the certificate of approval of the device. 
 88.6      Sec. 26.  [169F.45] [BRAKES.] 
 88.7      Subdivision 1.  [MOTOR VEHICLES.] Every motor vehicle, 
 88.8   other than a motorcycle, when operated upon a highway, shall be 
 88.9   equipped with brakes adequate to control the movement of and to 
 88.10  stop and hold the vehicle, including two separate means of 
 88.11  applying the brakes, each of which means shall be effective to 
 88.12  apply the brakes to at least two wheels.  If these two separate 
 88.13  means of applying the brakes are connected in any way, they 
 88.14  shall be so constructed that failure of any one part of the 
 88.15  operating mechanism shall not leave the motor vehicle without 
 88.16  brakes on at least two wheels.  The requirement in this 
 88.17  subdivision for separate braking systems does not apply to a 
 88.18  commercial motor vehicle described in section 169F.87, 
 88.19  subdivision 4, paragraph (e). 
 88.20     Subd. 2.  [MOTORCYCLES AND MOTORIZED BICYCLES.] Every 
 88.21  motorcycle and motorized bicycle, when operated upon a highway, 
 88.22  shall be equipped with at least one brake, which may be operated 
 88.23  by hand or foot. 
 88.24     Subd. 3.  [TRAILERS, SEMITRAILERS.] (a) No trailer or 
 88.25  semitrailer with a gross weight of 3,000 or more pounds, or a 
 88.26  gross weight that exceeds the empty weight of the towing 
 88.27  vehicle, may be drawn on a highway unless it is equipped with 
 88.28  brakes that are adequate to control the movement of and to stop 
 88.29  and hold the trailer or semitrailer. 
 88.30     (b) No trailer or semitrailer that is required to have 
 88.31  brakes and that has a gross weight of more than 6,000 pounds may 
 88.32  be drawn on a highway unless it is equipped with brakes that are 
 88.33  so constructed that they are adequate to stop and hold the 
 88.34  trailer or semitrailer whenever it becomes detached from the 
 88.35  towing vehicle. 
 88.36     (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d), paragraph (a) does 
 89.1   not apply to: 
 89.2      (1) a trailer used by a farmer while transporting farm 
 89.3   products produced on the user's farm, or supplies back to the 
 89.4   farm of the trailer's user; 
 89.5      (2) a towed custom service vehicle drawn by a motor vehicle 
 89.6   that is equipped with brakes that meet the standards of 
 89.7   subdivision 5, provided that such a towed custom service vehicle 
 89.8   that exceeds 30,000 pounds gross weight may not be drawn at a 
 89.9   speed of more than 45 miles per hour; 
 89.10     (3) a trailer or semitrailer operated or used by retail 
 89.11  dealers of implements of husbandry while engaged exclusively in 
 89.12  the delivery of implements of husbandry; 
 89.13     (4) a motor vehicle drawn by another motor vehicle that is 
 89.14  equipped with brakes that meet the standards of subdivision 5; 
 89.15     (5) a tank trailer of not more than 12,000 pounds gross 
 89.16  weight owned by a distributor of liquid fertilizer while engaged 
 89.17  exclusively in transporting liquid fertilizer, or gaseous 
 89.18  fertilizer under pressure; 
 89.19     (6) a trailer of not more than 12,000 pounds gross weight 
 89.20  owned by a distributor of dry fertilizer while engaged 
 89.21  exclusively in the transportation of dry fertilizer; and 
 89.22     (7) a disabled vehicle while being towed to a place of 
 89.23  repair. 
 89.24     (d) Vehicles described in paragraph (c), clauses (1), (3), 
 89.25  and (4), may be operated without complying with paragraph (a) 
 89.26  only if the trailer or semitrailer does not exceed the following 
 89.27  gross weights: 
 89.28     (1) 3,000 pounds while being drawn by a vehicle registered 
 89.29  as a passenger automobile, other than a pickup truck as defined 
 89.30  in section 168.011, subdivision 29; 
 89.31     (2) 12,000 pounds while being drawn by any other motor 
 89.32  vehicle except a self-propelled implement of husbandry. 
 89.33     Subd. 4.  [SERVICE BRAKES ON WHEELS; EXCEPTIONS.] (a) All 
 89.34  motor vehicles, trailers, and semitrailers manufactured after 
 89.35  June 30, 1988, must be equipped with foot brakes on all wheels. 
 89.36     (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply to: 
 90.1      (1) a mobile crane that is not operated at a speed of more 
 90.2   than 45 miles per hour and is capable of stopping within the 
 90.3   performance standards of subdivision 5; 
 90.4      (2) a motorcycle; 
 90.5      (3) a trailer or semitrailer with a gross weight of less 
 90.6   than 3,000 pounds; 
 90.7      (4) a swivel-type third wheel on a travel trailer; and 
 90.8      (5) a temporary auxiliary axle attached to a motor vehicle 
 90.9   during a period of vehicle weight restrictions for the purpose 
 90.10  of relieving the weight on another axle, if the combined gross 
 90.11  weight on the temporary axle and the axle being relieved does 
 90.12  not exceed 18,000 pounds and the motor vehicle meets all brake 
 90.13  requirements under this section. 
 90.14     (c) Paragraph (a) does not require brakes on the front 
 90.15  wheels of a vehicle having three or more axles and manufactured 
 90.16  before July 1, 1988, if the brakes on the other wheels of the 
 90.17  vehicle meet the standards of subdivision 5. 
 90.18     Subd. 5.  [PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.] (a) Every motor vehicle 
 90.19  or combination of vehicles, at all times and under all 
 90.20  conditions of loading, upon application of the service (foot) 
 90.21  brake, shall be capable of: 
 90.22     (1) developing a braking force that is not less than the 
 90.23  percentage of its gross weight tabulated herein for its 
 90.24  classification; 
 90.25     (2) decelerating in a stop from not more than 20 miles per 
 90.26  hour at not less than the feet per second per second tabulated 
 90.27  herein for its classification; and 
 90.28     (3) stopping from a speed of 20 miles per hour in not more 
 90.29  than the distance tabulated herein for its classification, such 
 90.30  distance to be measured from the point at which movement of the 
 90.31  service brake pedal or control begins. 
 90.32     (b) Tests for deceleration and stopping distance shall be 
 90.33  made on a substantially level (not to exceed plus or minus one 
 90.34  percent grade), dry, smooth, hard surface that is free from 
 90.35  loose material. 
 90.36              Deceleration Table                     
 91.1           1             2                 3           4     
 91.2    Classification   Braking        Deceleration  Brake      
 91.3    of Vehicles      Force as a     in Feet Per   System     
 91.4    and              Percentage     Second Per    Application
 91.5    Combinations     of Gross       Second        and        
 91.6                     Vehicle or                   Braking    
 91.7                     Combination                  Distance   
 91.8                     Weight                       in Feet    
 91.9    Passenger                                                
 91.10   vehicles, not                                            
 91.11   including                                                
 91.12   buses .........    52.8 percent       17          25     
 91.13   Single-unit                                              
 91.14   vehicles                                                 
 91.15   with a                                                   
 91.16   manufacturer's                                           
 91.17   gross vehicle                                            
 91.18   weight rating                                            
 91.19   of less than                                             
 91.20   10,000                                                   
 91.21   pounds ........    43.5 percent       14           30    
 91.22   Single-unit,                                             
 91.23   2-axle                                                   
 91.24   vehicles with                                            
 91.25   a                                                        
 91.26   manufacturer's                                           
 91.27   gross vehicle                                            
 91.28   weight rating                                            
 91.29   of 10,000 or                                             
 91.30   more pounds,                                             
 91.31   and buses not                                            
 91.32   having a                                                 
 91.33   manufacturer's                                           
 91.34   gross vehicle                                            
 91.35   weight                                                   
 91.36   rating ........    43.5 percent       14          40     
 92.1    All other                                                
 92.2    vehicles and                                             
 92.3    combinations                                             
 92.4    with a                                                   
 92.5    manufacturer's                                           
 92.6    gross vehicle                                            
 92.7    weight rating                                            
 92.8    of 10,000                                                
 92.9    or more                                                  
 92.10   pounds ........    43.5 percent       14          50     
 92.11     (c) All brakes shall be maintained in good working order 
 92.12  and shall be so adjusted as to operate as equally as practicable 
 92.13  with respect to the wheels on opposite sides of the vehicle. 
 92.14     Subd. 6.  [IMPLEMENTS OF HUSBANDRY.] (a) No person may 
 92.15  drive or tow an implement of husbandry that exceeds 6,000 pounds 
 92.16  registered gross weight or gross vehicle weight and is not 
 92.17  equipped with brakes. 
 92.18     (b) An implement of husbandry must be equipped with brakes 
 92.19  adequate to control the movement of and to stop and hold the 
 92.20  towed vehicle if the implement of husbandry: 
 92.21     (1) is not self-propelled; 
 92.22     (2) has a manufacturer's recommended capacity of more than 
 92.23  24,000 pounds; and 
 92.24     (3) is manufactured and sold after January 1, 1994. 
 92.25     Sec. 27.  [169F.47] [HORNS.] 
 92.26     Subdivision 1.  [REQUIRED EQUIPMENT.] Every motor vehicle 
 92.27  when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with a horn in 
 92.28  good working order and capable of emitting sound audible under 
 92.29  normal conditions from a distance of not less than 200 feet, but 
 92.30  no horn or other warning device shall emit an unreasonably loud 
 92.31  or harsh sound or a whistle. 
 92.32     Subd. 2.  [USE OF HORN.] The driver of a motor vehicle 
 92.33  shall, when reasonably necessary to ensure safe operation, give 
 92.34  audible warning with the horn, but shall not otherwise use the 
 92.35  horn when upon a highway. 
 92.36     Subd. 3.  [SIREN, WHISTLE, OR BELL.] No vehicle shall be 
 93.1   equipped with, nor shall any person use upon a vehicle, any 
 93.2   siren, whistle, or bell, except as otherwise permitted in this 
 93.3   section.  It is permissible, but not required, that any 
 93.4   commercial vehicle be equipped with a theft alarm signal device 
 93.5   that is so arranged that it cannot be used by the driver as an 
 93.6   ordinary warning signal.  All authorized emergency vehicles 
 93.7   shall be equipped with a siren capable of emitting sound audible 
 93.8   under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 500 
 93.9   feet and of a type approved by the department, but the siren 
 93.10  shall not be used except when the vehicle is operated in 
 93.11  response to an emergency call or in the immediate pursuit of an 
 93.12  actual or suspected violator of the law, in which latter events 
 93.13  the driver of the vehicle shall sound the siren when necessary 
 93.14  to warn pedestrians and other drivers of the approach thereof.  
 93.15     Sec. 28.  [169F.49] [DECLARATION OF POLICY.] 
 93.16     It is the policy of this state that enactment of a 
 93.17  mandatory automobile seat belt usage law is intended to be 
 93.18  compatible with support for federal safety standards requiring 
 93.19  automatic crash protection and should not be used in any manner 
 93.20  to rescind federal automatic crash protection system 
 93.21  requirements for new vehicles. 
 93.22     Sec. 29.  [169F.51] [SEAT BELTS.] 
 93.23     Subdivision 1.  [VEHICLE MUST BE EQUIPPED FOR SEAT BELTS.] 
 93.24  All new motor vehicles, not exempt from Minnesota license fees, 
 93.25  other than a bus, school bus, motorcycle, motorized bicycle, 
 93.26  farm tractor, road tractor, and truck, sold or offered for sale 
 93.27  or registered in Minnesota shall be equipped to permit the 
 93.28  installation of seat belts in the front seat thereof. 
 93.29     Subd. 2.  [INSTALLATION REQUIRED.] Within 30 days after the 
 93.30  registration of the motor vehicle, it shall be equipped with 
 93.31  seat belts installed for use in the left front and right front 
 93.32  seats thereof. 
 93.33     Subd. 3.  [STANDARDS.] The specifications and requirements 
 93.34  for seat belts or seat belt assemblies shall conform with the 
 93.35  minimum standards for seat belts or seat belt assemblies 
 93.36  heretofore adopted by the society of automotive engineers and in 
 94.1   effect on January 1, 1963. 
 94.2      Subd. 4.  [SEAT BELT USE REQUIRED.] A properly adjusted and 
 94.3   fastened seat belt, including both the shoulder and lap belt 
 94.4   when the vehicle is so equipped, shall be worn by: 
 94.5      (a) the driver of a passenger vehicle or commercial motor 
 94.6   vehicle; 
 94.7      (b) a passenger riding in the front seat of a passenger 
 94.8   vehicle or commercial motor vehicle; and 
 94.9      (c) a passenger riding in any seat of a passenger vehicle 
 94.10  who is older than three but younger than 11 years of age. 
 94.11     Subd. 5.  [SEAT BELT EXEMPTIONS.] Subdivision 4 shall not 
 94.12  apply to: 
 94.13     (a) a person driving a passenger vehicle in reverse; 
 94.14     (b) a person riding in a seat in which all the seating 
 94.15  positions equipped with safety belts are occupied by other 
 94.16  persons; 
 94.17     (c) a person who is in possession of a written certificate 
 94.18  from a licensed physician verifying that because of medical 
 94.19  unfitness or physical disability the person is unable to wear a 
 94.20  seat belt; 
 94.21     (d) a person who is actually engaged in work that requires 
 94.22  the person to alight from and reenter a passenger vehicle at 
 94.23  frequent intervals and who, while engaged in that work, does not 
 94.24  drive or travel in that vehicle at a speed exceeding 25 miles 
 94.25  per hour; 
 94.26     (e) a rural mail carrier of the United States Postal 
 94.27  Service while in the performance of duties; 
 94.28     (f) a person driving or riding in a passenger vehicle 
 94.29  manufactured before January 1, 1965; and 
 94.30     (g) a person driving or riding in a pickup truck, as 
 94.31  defined in section 168.011, subdivision 29, while engaged in 
 94.32  normal farming work or activity. 
 94.33     Subd. 6.  [RESTRICTION ON ISSUING CITATION.] A peace 
 94.34  officer may not issue a citation for a violation of subdivision 
 94.35  4 unless the officer lawfully stopped or detained the driver of 
 94.36  the motor vehicle for a moving violation other than a violation 
 95.1   involving motor vehicle equipment. 
 95.2      Subd. 7.  [ADMISSIBILITY INTO EVIDENCE.] Proof of the use 
 95.3   or failure to use seat belts, or proof of the installation or 
 95.4   failure of installation of seat belts, shall not be admissible 
 95.5   in evidence in any litigation involving personal injuries or 
 95.6   property damage resulting from the use or operation of any motor 
 95.7   vehicle. 
 95.8      Sec. 30.  [169F.515] [INFRACTION SEAT BELT USE VIOLATION.] 
 95.9      Subdivision 1.  [PENALTY.] A person is guilty of an 
 95.10  infraction and may be sentenced to pay a fine of not more than 
 95.11  $25 if: 
 95.12     (a) the person is 15 years of age or older and violates 
 95.13  section 169F.51, subdivision 4, paragraph (a) or (b); or 
 95.14     (b) the person is the driver of the passenger vehicle or 
 95.15  commercial motor vehicle in which a violation of section 
 95.16  169F.51, subdivision 4, paragraph (b) or (c), is committed by: 
 95.17     (1) a child of the driver under the age of 15; or 
 95.18     (2) any child under the age of 11. 
 95.19     Subd. 2.  [NO NOTATION ON DRIVING RECORD.] The department 
 95.20  shall not record a violation of this section on a person's 
 95.21  driving record. 
 95.22     Subd. 3.  [APPROPRIATION; SPECIAL ACCOUNT.] The fines 
 95.23  collected under this section must be deposited in the state 
 95.24  treasury and credited to a special account to be known as the 
 95.25  emergency medical services relief account.  Ninety percent of 
 95.26  the money in the account shall be distributed to the eight 
 95.27  regional emergency medical services systems designated by the 
 95.28  emergency medical services regulatory board under section 
 95.29  144.8093, for personnel education and training, equipment and 
 95.30  vehicle purchases, and operational expenses of emergency life 
 95.31  support transportation services.  The board of directors of each 
 95.32  emergency medical services region shall establish criteria for 
 95.33  funding.  Ten percent of the money in the account shall be 
 95.34  distributed to the commissioner for the expenses of traffic 
 95.35  safety educational programs conducted by state patrol troopers. 
 95.36     Sec. 31.  [169F.53] [PASSENGER RESTRAINT SYSTEMS FOR 
 96.1   CHILDREN.] 
 96.2      Subdivision 1.  [EQUIPMENT REQUIRED.] Every motor vehicle 
 96.3   operator, when transporting a child under the age of four on the 
 96.4   streets and highways of this state in a motor vehicle equipped 
 96.5   with factory-installed seat belts, shall equip and install for 
 96.6   use in the motor vehicle, according to the manufacturer's 
 96.7   instructions, a child passenger restraint system meeting federal 
 96.8   motor vehicle safety standards. 
 96.9      Subd. 2.  [CHILD RESTRAINT USE REQUIRED.] No motor vehicle 
 96.10  operator who is operating a motor vehicle on the streets and 
 96.11  highways of this state may transport a child under the age of 
 96.12  four in a seat of a motor vehicle equipped with a 
 96.13  factory-installed seat belt, unless the child is properly 
 96.14  fastened in the child passenger restraint system. 
 96.15     Subd. 3.  [EXCEPTIONS.] (a) This section does not apply to: 
 96.16     (1) a person transporting a child in an emergency medical 
 96.17  vehicle while in the performance of official duties and when the 
 96.18  physical or medical needs of the child make the use of a child 
 96.19  passenger restraint system unreasonable or when a child 
 96.20  passenger restraint system is not available; 
 96.21     (2) a peace officer transporting a child while in the 
 96.22  performance of official duties and when a child passenger 
 96.23  restraint system is not available, provided that a seat belt 
 96.24  must be substituted; and 
 96.25     (3) a person while operating a motor vehicle for hire, 
 96.26  including a taxi, airport limousine, and bus, but excluding a 
 96.27  rented, leased, or borrowed motor vehicle. 
 96.28     (b) A child passenger restraint system is not required for 
 96.29  a child who cannot, in the judgment of a licensed physician, be 
 96.30  safely transported in a child passenger restraint system because 
 96.31  of a medical condition, body size, or physical disability.  A 
 96.32  motor vehicle operator claiming exemption for a child under this 
 96.33  paragraph must possess a typewritten statement from the 
 96.34  physician stating that the child cannot be safely transported in 
 96.35  a child passenger restraint system.  The statement must give the 
 96.36  name and birth date of the child, be dated within the previous 
 97.1   six months, and be made on the physician's letterhead or contain 
 97.2   the physician's name, address, and telephone number.  A person 
 97.3   charged with violating subdivision 1 or 2 may not be convicted 
 97.4   if the person produces the physician's statement in court or in 
 97.5   the office of the arresting officer. 
 97.6      Subd. 4.  [RENTAL VEHICLES.] A person offering a motor 
 97.7   vehicle for rent or lease shall provide a child passenger 
 97.8   restraint device to a customer renting or leasing the motor 
 97.9   vehicle who requests the device.  A reasonable rent or fee may 
 97.10  be charged for use of the child passenger restraint device. 
 97.11     Subd. 5.  [APPROPRIATION; SPECIAL ACCOUNT; LEGISLATIVE 
 97.12  REPORT.] The Minnesota child passenger restraint and education 
 97.13  account is created in the state treasury, consisting of fines 
 97.14  collected under section 169F.535 and other money appropriated or 
 97.15  donated.  The money in the account is annually appropriated to 
 97.16  the commissioner, to be used to provide child passenger 
 97.17  restraint systems to families in financial need and to provide 
 97.18  an educational program on the need for and proper use of child 
 97.19  passenger restraint systems.  The commissioner shall report to 
 97.20  the legislature by February 1 of each odd-numbered year on the 
 97.21  commissioner's activities and expenditure of funds under this 
 97.22  section. 
 97.23     Subd. 6.  [ADMISSIBILITY INTO EVIDENCE.] Proof of the use 
 97.24  or failure to use a child passenger restraint system as 
 97.25  described in subdivision 2, or proof of the installation or 
 97.26  failure of installation of a child passenger restraint system as 
 97.27  described in subdivision 1, shall not be admissible in evidence 
 97.28  in any litigation involving personal injuries or property damage 
 97.29  resulting from the use or operation of any motor vehicle. 
 97.30     Sec. 32.  [169F.535] [INFRACTION CHILD RESTRAINT 
 97.31  VIOLATION.] 
 97.32     Subdivision 1.  [PENALTY.] Any motor vehicle operator who 
 97.33  violates section 169F.53 is guilty of an infraction and may be 
 97.34  sentenced to pay a fine of not more than $50. 
 97.35     Subd. 2.  [WAIVER OR REDUCTION OF FINE.] The fine under 
 97.36  subdivision 1 may be waived or the amount reduced if the motor 
 98.1   vehicle operator produces evidence that within 14 days after the 
 98.2   date of the violation a child passenger restraint system meeting 
 98.3   federal motor vehicle safety standards was purchased or obtained 
 98.4   for the exclusive use of the operator. 
 98.5      Subd. 3.  [DISPOSITION OF FINES.] The fines collected under 
 98.6   this section must be deposited in the state treasury and 
 98.7   credited to a special account to be known as the Minnesota child 
 98.8   passenger restraint and education account. 
 98.9      Sec. 33.  [169F.55] [MUFFLERS.] 
 98.10     Subdivision 1.  [EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENT.] Every motor 
 98.11  vehicle shall at all times be equipped with a muffler in good 
 98.12  working order that blends the exhaust noise into the overall 
 98.13  vehicle noise and is in constant operation to prevent excessive 
 98.14  or unusual noise. 
 98.15     Subd. 2.  [USING CUTOUT OR BYPASS.] No person shall use a 
 98.16  muffler cutout, bypass, or similar device upon a motor vehicle 
 98.17  on a street or highway. 
 98.18     Subd. 3.  [POPPING OR CRACKLING SOUND.] The exhaust system 
 98.19  shall not emit or produce a sharp popping or crackling sound. 
 98.20     Subd. 4.  [PREVENTING CARBON MONOXIDE FROM ENTERING 
 98.21  VEHICLE.] Every motor vehicle shall at all times be equipped 
 98.22  with parts and equipment so arranged and kept in such state of 
 98.23  repair as to prevent carbon monoxide gas from entering the 
 98.24  interior of the vehicle. 
 98.25     Subd. 5.  [SELLING OR USING NONCOMPLYING MUFFLER.] No 
 98.26  person shall have for sale, sell or offer for sale, or use on 
 98.27  any motor vehicle any muffler that fails to comply with the 
 98.28  specifications as required by the commissioner. 
 98.29     Sec. 34.  [169F.57] [MOTOR VEHICLE NOISE LIMITS.] 
 98.30     It is unlawful to operate a motor vehicle in violation of 
 98.31  motor vehicle noise rules adopted by the pollution control 
 98.32  agency. 
 98.33     Sec. 35.  [169F.59] [REAR VIEW MIRRORS.] 
 98.34     Every motor vehicle that is so constructed, loaded, or 
 98.35  connected with another vehicle as to obstruct the driver's view 
 98.36  to the rear thereof from the driver's position shall be equipped 
 99.1   with a mirror so located as to reflect to the driver a view of 
 99.2   the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of 
 99.3   the vehicle. 
 99.4      Sec. 36.  [169F.61] [WINDSHIELDS.] 
 99.5      Subdivision 1.  [PROHIBITIONS GENERALLY.] No person shall 
 99.6   drive or operate any motor vehicle with a windshield cracked or 
 99.7   discolored to an extent to limit or obstruct proper vision, or, 
 99.8   except for law enforcement vehicles, with any objects suspended 
 99.9   between the driver and the windshield, other than sun visors and 
 99.10  rear vision mirrors, or with any sign, poster, or other 
 99.11  nontransparent material upon the front windshield, sidewings, 
 99.12  side or rear windows of the vehicle, other than a certificate or 
 99.13  other paper required to be so displayed by law, or authorized by 
 99.14  the state director of the division of emergency management, or 
 99.15  the commissioner. 
 99.16     Subd. 2.  [WINDSHIELD WIPERS.] The windshield on every 
 99.17  motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning rain, 
 99.18  snow, or other moisture from the windshield, which device shall 
 99.19  be so constructed as to be controlled or operated by the driver 
 99.20  of the vehicle. 
 99.21     Subd. 3.  [DEFROSTING REQUIREMENT.] No person shall drive 
 99.22  any motor vehicle with the windshield or front side windows 
 99.23  covered with steam or frost to such an extent as to prevent 
 99.24  proper vision. 
 99.25     Subd. 4.  [GLAZING MATERIALS; PROHIBITIONS AND EXCEPTIONS.] 
 99.26  (a) No person shall drive or operate any motor vehicle required 
 99.27  to be registered in the state of Minnesota upon any street or 
 99.28  highway under the following conditions: 
 99.29     (1) when the windshield is composed of, covered by, or 
 99.30  treated with any material that has the effect of making the 
 99.31  windshield more reflective or in any other way reducing light 
 99.32  transmittance through the windshield; 
 99.33     (2) when any window on the vehicle is composed of, covered 
 99.34  by, or treated with any material that has a highly reflective or 
 99.35  mirrored appearance; 
 99.36     (3) when any side window or rear window: 
100.1      (i) is composed of or treated with any material so as to 
100.2   obstruct or substantially reduce the driver's clear view through 
100.3   the window; or 
100.4      (ii) has a light transmittance of less than 50 percent plus 
100.5   or minus three percent in the visible light range or a luminous 
100.6   reflectance of more than 20 percent plus or minus three percent; 
100.7   or 
100.8      (4) when any material has been applied after August 1, 
100.9   1985, to any motor vehicle window without an accompanying 
100.10  permanent marking that indicates the percent of transmittance 
100.11  and the percent of reflectance afforded by the material. The 
100.12  marking must be in a manner so as not to obscure vision and be 
100.13  readable when installed on the vehicle. 
100.14     (b) This subdivision does not apply to glazing materials 
100.15  that: 
100.16     (1) have not been modified since the original installation, 
100.17  nor to original replacement windows and windshields, that were 
100.18  originally installed or replaced in conformance with Federal 
100.19  Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 205; 
100.20     (2) are required to satisfy prescription or medical needs 
100.21  of the driver of the vehicle or a passenger if the driver or 
100.22  passenger is in possession of the prescription or a physician's 
100.23  statement of medical need; or 
100.24     (3) are applied to: 
100.25     (i) the rear windows of a pickup truck as defined in 
100.26  section 168.011, subdivision 29; 
100.27     (ii) the rear windows or the side windows on either side 
100.28  behind the driver's seat of a van as defined in section 168.011, 
100.29  subdivision 28; 
100.30     (iii) the side and rear windows of a vehicle used to 
100.31  transport human remains by a funeral establishment holding a 
100.32  permit under section 149.08; or 
100.33     (iv) the side and rear windows of a limousine as defined in 
100.34  section 168.011, subdivision 35. 
100.35     Sec. 37.  [169F.63] [SURFACE OF TIRES; TIRES WITH METAL 
100.36  STUDS.] 
101.1      Subdivision 1.  [SOLID RUBBER, METAL, AND STUDDED TIRES.] 
101.2   (a) Every solid rubber tire on a vehicle shall have rubber on 
101.3   its entire traction surface at least one inch thick above the 
101.4   edge of the flange of the entire periphery. 
101.5      (b) No person shall operate or move on any highway any 
101.6   motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer, having any metal tire in 
101.7   contact with the roadway, except in case of emergency. 
101.8      (c) Except as provided in this section and section 169F.64, 
101.9   no tire on a vehicle moved on a highway shall have on its 
101.10  periphery any block, stud, flange, cleat, or spike or any other 
101.11  protuberances of any material other than rubber that projects 
101.12  beyond the tread of the traction surface of the tire. 
101.13     (d) It shall be permissible to use any of the following on 
101.14  highways: 
101.15     (1) implements of husbandry with tires having protuberances 
101.16  that will not injure the highway; and 
101.17     (2) tire chains of reasonable proportions upon any vehicle 
101.18  when required for safety because of snow, ice, or other 
101.19  conditions tending to cause a vehicle to skid. 
101.20     (e) The commissioner and local authorities in their 
101.21  respective jurisdictions may, in their discretion, issue special 
101.22  permits authorizing the operation upon a highway of traction 
101.23  engines or tractors having movable tracks with transverse 
101.24  corrugations upon the periphery of the movable tracks or farm 
101.25  tractors or other farm machinery, the operation of which upon a 
101.26  highway would otherwise be prohibited under this chapter. 
101.27     Subd. 2.  [OCCASIONAL USE OF STUDDED TIRES BY 
101.28  NONRESIDENTS.] Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision 1, 
101.29  a person, operating a motor vehicle properly licensed and 
101.30  registered in another state or province of a foreign country 
101.31  that authorizes the use of tires with metal studs or wire 
101.32  embedded tires on its highways, may operate the motor vehicle 
101.33  with tires having metal type studs or with tires having wire 
101.34  embedded therein on the highways of this state while 
101.35  occasionally within the state, and such use while occasionally 
101.36  within the state is not unlawful.  However: 
102.1      (a) the metal type studs shall not exceed 5/16 of an inch 
102.2   in diameter inclusive of the stud casing with an average 
102.3   protrusion beyond the tread surface of not more than 7/64 of an 
102.4   inch; 
102.5      (b) the number of studs in a tire shall not exceed two 
102.6   percent of the total net contact area; 
102.7      (c) use of a vehicle in this state on more than 30 days in 
102.8   any consecutive six-month period is not occasionally; and 
102.9      (d) a person whose regular place of employment is within 
102.10  the state or who is a student at an educational institution 
102.11  located within the state, shall not operate a vehicle, 
102.12  regardless of its place of registration, upon any highway within 
102.13  the state if the vehicle is equipped with tires that would be 
102.14  unauthorized were the vehicle registered in this state. 
102.15     Sec. 38.  [169F.64] [RURAL POSTAL CARRIER USE OF STUDDED 
102.16  TIRES.] 
102.17     Subdivision 1.  [PERMIT FOR RURAL POSTAL CARRIER.] (a) A 
102.18  rural mail carrier of the United States postal service may apply 
102.19  to the commissioner for a permit to operate a rural mail 
102.20  delivery vehicle with tires having metal studs.  An applicant 
102.21  must submit with the application for the permit: 
102.22     (1) verification that the applicant is employed as a United 
102.23  States postal carrier; 
102.24     (2) a map showing the applicant's mail delivery route; and 
102.25     (3) identification of the vehicle the applicant uses on 
102.26  that mail delivery route. 
102.27     (b) The commissioner may issue the permit if the 
102.28  commissioner determines that: 
102.29     (1) the applicant is employed as a United States postal 
102.30  carrier; and 
102.31     (2) less than 25 percent of the total mileage on the 
102.32  applicant's mail delivery route is paved. 
102.33     (c) A permit under this subdivision is valid beginning 
102.34  November 1 of a calendar year and expires on April 15 of the 
102.35  following calendar year. 
102.36     (d) A permit under this subdivision authorizes the permit 
103.1   holder to operate a motor vehicle equipped with tires having 
103.2   metal studs that meet the limitations in subdivision 4, while: 
103.3      (1) traveling between the permit holder's residence and a 
103.4   mail pickup station; and 
103.5      (2) delivering United States mail on the permit holder's 
103.6   delivery route as shown in the map accompanying the permit 
103.7   application. 
103.8      (e) The permit is valid only for the vehicle identified in 
103.9   the permit. 
103.10     (f) The commissioner may amend a permit under this 
103.11  subdivision when: 
103.12     (1) the permit holder submits evidence of a change in the 
103.13  permit holder's mail delivery route; or 
103.14     (2) the permit holder changes vehicles used in the route. 
103.15     (g) The commissioner may revoke a permit when the 
103.16  commissioner determines that: 
103.17     (1) the vehicle named in the permit is or has been operated 
103.18  in violation of this subdivision or the terms of the permit; or 
103.19     (2) the commissioner determines that more than 25 percent 
103.20  of the total mileage of the permit holder's mail delivery route 
103.21  is paved. 
103.22     Subd. 2.  [REMOVAL OF STUDDED TIRES.] A permit holder under 
103.23  this section must remove tires having metal studs from the 
103.24  vehicle identified in the permit: 
103.25     (a) by 12:01 a.m. on April 16 of each year; and 
103.26     (b) whenever the permit holder transfers ownership of the 
103.27  vehicle or ceases employment as a United States postal carrier. 
103.28     Subd. 3.  [PROHIBITION.] It is unlawful to operate a motor 
103.29  vehicle identified in a permit in violation of this section or 
103.30  the terms of a permit issued under this section. 
103.31     Sec. 39.  [169F.65] [TIRE STANDARDS.] 
103.32     Subdivision 1.  [RULES.] The commissioner shall promulgate 
103.33  rules pursuant to chapter 14 providing for the safe operating 
103.34  conditions of tires for use on passenger automobiles.  The rules 
103.35  shall be so promulgated that a law enforcement officer may 
103.36  determine whether or not a tire is in compliance by visual 
104.1   inspection or by the use of simple measuring gauges.  The rules 
104.2   shall be based on and include effects of tread wear and depth of 
104.3   tread, and shall incorporate all of the provisions of 
104.4   subdivision 2. 
104.5      Subd. 2.  [UNSAFE TIRES.] A tire shall be considered unsafe 
104.6   if it has: 
104.7      (a) any part of the ply or cord exposed; 
104.8      (b) any bump, bulge, or separation; 
104.9      (c) a tread design depth of less than 2/32 (1/16) of an 
104.10  inch measured in the tread groove nearest the center of the tire 
104.11  at three locations equally spaced around the circumference of 
104.12  the tire, exclusive of tie bars or for those tires with tread 
104.13  wear indicators; 
104.14     (d) been worn to the level of the tread wear indicators in 
104.15  any two tread grooves at three locations; 
104.16     (e) a marking "not for highway use," or "for racing 
104.17  purposes only," or "unsafe for highway use"; 
104.18     (f) tread or sidewall cracks, cuts, or snags deep enough to 
104.19  expose the body cords; or 
104.20     (g) been regrooved or recut below the original tread design 
104.21  depth, except special taxicab tires that have extra undertread 
104.22  rubber and are identified as such. 
104.23     Subd. 3.  [ENFORCEMENT.] If a peace officer has reasonable 
104.24  cause to believe that a passenger automobile is equipped with 
104.25  tires in violation of the rules adopted under subdivision 1, the 
104.26  officer may require the operator of the passenger automobile to 
104.27  stop and submit the passenger automobile to an inspection.  If 
104.28  the inspection discloses that the tires of the passenger 
104.29  automobile are in violation, the officer may issue a citation 
104.30  for the violation, and the defect must be corrected as soon as 
104.31  possible. 
104.32     Sec. 40.  [169F.67] [TIRE VIOLATIONS.] 
104.33     Subdivision 1.  [DRIVING WITH NONCOMPLYING TIRES.] No 
104.34  person shall drive, move, or cause to be driven or moved any 
104.35  passenger automobile upon any highway of this state, unless the 
104.36  passenger automobile is equipped with tires in safe operating 
105.1   condition in accordance with rules promulgated by the 
105.2   commissioner. 
105.3      Subd. 2.  [SELLING PASSENGER AUTOMOBILE WITH NONCOMPLYING 
105.4   TIRES.] No person or organization shall sell or offer for sale, 
105.5   other than to a motor vehicle dealer, any passenger automobile 
105.6   for use on the public highways of this state, unless the 
105.7   passenger automobile is equipped with tires that are in 
105.8   compliance with the rules promulgated by the commissioner under 
105.9   authority of section 169F.65, subdivision 1.  If the tires are 
105.10  not in compliance with the rules, the person or organization 
105.11  selling or offering to sell the passenger automobile shall 
105.12  cause, prior to sale, the tires to be removed from the vehicle 
105.13  and shall equip the vehicle with tires that are in compliance 
105.14  with the rules; unless the vehicle is towed or hauled away. 
105.15     Subd. 3.  [SELLING NONCOMPLYING TIRES.] No person, firm, 
105.16  corporation, or organization shall sell or offer for sale, other 
105.17  than to a tire dealer, tires for highway use not in compliance 
105.18  with the rules promulgated by the commissioner. 
105.19     Sec. 41.  [169F.675] [INFRACTION VIOLATION OF TIRE 
105.20  PROVISION.] 
105.21     Any person who violates section 169F.67 is guilty of an 
105.22  infraction. 
105.23     Sec. 42.  [169F.69] [BUMPERS, SAFEGUARDS.] 
105.24     Subdivision 1.  [BUMPER REQUIREMENT.] All private passenger 
105.25  vehicles shall be equipped with front and rear bumpers, except 
105.26  that pickup trucks and vans shall be equipped with front bumpers 
105.27  and with either rear bumpers or reflectors. 
105.28     Subd. 2.  [BUMPER RESTRICTIONS.] No person shall operate a 
105.29  private passenger vehicle that: 
105.30     (a) was originally equipped with bumpers as standard 
105.31  equipment, unless the vehicle is equipped with bumpers equal to 
105.32  the original equipment; or 
105.33     (b) has a suspension system or body so modified that the 
105.34  height of the vehicle or any bumpers varies more than six inches 
105.35  from the original manufactured height for the vehicle. 
105.36     Subd. 3.  [MAXIMUM BUMPER HEIGHT.] (a) Notwithstanding the 
106.1   restrictions contained in subdivision 2, bumpers required under 
106.2   this section shall not exceed a height of: 
106.3      (1) 20 inches on any passenger automobile or station wagon; 
106.4   or 
106.5      (2) 25 inches on any four-wheel drive multipurpose type 
106.6   vehicle, van as defined in section 168.011, subdivision 28, or 
106.7   pickup truck as defined in section 168.011, subdivision 29, when 
106.8   the vehicle is being operated on a public highway. 
106.9      (b) The height of the bumper shall be determined by 
106.10  measuring from the bottom of the bumper, excluding any vertical 
106.11  bumper attachments, to the ground.  A vehicle that has an 
106.12  original bumper that does not exceed a height of 30 inches may 
106.13  be modified by attaching a full width bumper to the regular 
106.14  bumper to meet the height requirement.  The attached bumper must 
106.15  be at least 4.5 inches in vertical height, be centered on the 
106.16  vehicle's centerline, extend at least ten inches on either side 
106.17  of the frame, and be attached to the frame in at least four 
106.18  places with angle braces at no less than 45 degrees so that it 
106.19  effectively transfers impact to an extent equal to or greater 
106.20  than the original bumper. 
106.21     (c) Competent evidence that a vehicle was originally 
106.22  manufactured with bumpers higher than prescribed in this 
106.23  subdivision shall be an affirmative defense in any action under 
106.24  this section. 
106.25     Subd. 4.  [REAR-END PROTECTION FOR OTHER VEHICLES.] (a) 
106.26  Vehicles other than private passenger vehicles, collector 
106.27  vehicles, collector military vehicles, and other vehicles 
106.28  specifically exempted by law from the requirements must meet the 
106.29  rear-end protection requirements of federal motor carrier 
106.30  regulations, Code of Federal Regulations, title 49, section 
106.31  393.86. 
106.32     (b) Notwithstanding contrary regulations cited in paragraph 
106.33  (a), a truck tractor and semitrailer combination with a 
106.34  semitrailer length longer than 50 feet whose frame or body 
106.35  extends more than 36 inches beyond the rear of its rearmost axle 
106.36  must not be operated on the highways of this state unless 
107.1   equipped with a bumper or underride guard on the extreme rear of 
107.2   the frame or body.  The bumper or underride guard must: 
107.3      (1) provide a continuous horizontal beam having a maximum 
107.4   ground clearance of 22 inches, as measured with the vehicle 
107.5   empty and on level ground; and 
107.6      (2) extend to within four inches of the lateral extremities 
107.7   of the semitrailer on both left and right sides. 
107.8      Sec. 43.  [169F.71] [WHEEL FLAPS ON TRUCKS AND TRAILERS.] 
107.9      Subdivision 1.  [VEHICLES GENERALLY.] Every truck, trailer, 
107.10  semitrailer, pole trailer, and rear-end dump truck, excepting 
107.11  rear-end dump farm trucks and military vehicles of the United 
107.12  States, shall be provided with wheel flaps or other suitable 
107.13  protection above and behind the rearmost wheels of the vehicle 
107.14  or combination of vehicles to prevent, as far as practicable, 
107.15  the wheels from throwing dirt, water, or other materials on the 
107.16  windshields of vehicles that follow.  The flaps or protectors 
107.17  shall be at least as wide as the tires they are protecting and 
107.18  shall have a ground clearance of not more than one-fifth of the 
107.19  horizontal distance from the center of the rearmost axle to the 
107.20  flap under any conditions of loading or operation of the motor 
107.21  vehicle. 
107.22     Subd. 2.  [VEHICLE WITH CONVEYOR BELT.] For a dump truck or 
107.23  truck with a rigid box fastened to its frame and having a 
107.24  conveyor belt or chain in the bottom of the vehicle that moves 
107.25  the cargo to the rear end of the vehicle, the flaps shall be 
107.26  mounted as far to the rear of the vehicle as practicable and 
107.27  shall have a ground clearance of not more than 18 inches when 
107.28  the vehicle is loaded. 
107.29     Subd. 3.  [BOTTOM-DUMP VEHICLES.] A bottom-dump cargo 
107.30  vehicle transporting sand, gravel, aggregate, dirt, lime rock, 
107.31  silica, or similar material must be equipped with flaps that are 
107.32  mounted to the rear of the axles, cover the entire width of the 
107.33  vehicle, and have a ground clearance of six inches or less when 
107.34  the vehicle is fully loaded. 
107.35     Subd. 4.  [ALTERNATIVE REQUIREMENTS.] If the motor vehicle 
107.36  is so designed and constructed that the above requirements are 
108.1   accomplished by means of body construction or other means of 
108.2   enclosure, then no such protectors or flaps shall be required. 
108.3      Subd. 5.  [EXTENDED FLAPS.] If the rear wheels are not 
108.4   covered at the top by fenders, body, or other parts of the 
108.5   vehicle, the flap or other protective means shall be extended at 
108.6   least to a point directly above the center of the rearmost axle. 
108.7      Subd. 6.  [LAMPS OR WIRING.] Lamps or wiring shall not be 
108.8   attached to fender flaps. 
108.9      Sec. 44.  [169F.73] [WHEEL DEVICES ON AUTOMOBILES.] 
108.10     Every passenger automobile shall have fenders, or other 
108.11  devices, that are designed to prevent, as far as practicable, 
108.12  water, dirt, or other material being thrown up and to the rear 
108.13  by the wheels of the vehicle. 
108.14     Sec. 45.  [169F.75] [SAFETY GLASS.] 
108.15     Subdivision 1.  [REQUIRED.] No person shall sell any new 
108.16  motor vehicle, nor shall any new motor vehicle be registered 
108.17  thereafter, unless the vehicle is equipped with safety glass 
108.18  wherever glass is used in doors, windows, and windshields. 
108.19     Subd. 2.  [REPLACEMENTS.] All glass replacement in doors, 
108.20  windows, and windshields or partitions of motor vehicles shall 
108.21  be made with materials meeting the requirements of this chapter 
108.22  for safety glass if glass is used therefor. 
108.23     Subd. 3.  [OTHER MATERIAL PROHIBITED.] No glazing material 
108.24  other than of a type meeting the requirements of this chapter 
108.25  shall be sold, offered for sale, offered for use, or used for 
108.26  installation in doors, windows, or windshields of motor vehicles 
108.27  or of passenger-carrying trailers or semitrailers. 
108.28     Subd. 4.  [FROSTSHIELDS.] Nothing in this section shall be 
108.29  construed to include frostshields. 
108.30     Sec. 46.  [169F.77] [BUG DEFLECTORS.] 
108.31     Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] Bug deflectors shall be 
108.32  permitted but not required on motor vehicles. 
108.33     Subd. 2.  [SELLING OR USING ILLUMINATED DEFLECTOR.] No bug 
108.34  deflector shall be sold, offered for sale, or used that is 
108.35  composed of other than nonilluminated material. 
108.36     Subd. 3.  [OPERATING MOTOR VEHICLE WITH NONTRANSPARENT 
109.1   DEFLECTOR.] No person shall operate any motor vehicle equipped 
109.2   with a bug deflector of nontransparent material having more than 
109.3   one inch of material extending above the highest part of the 
109.4   hood, excluding any decorative ornament. 
109.5      Subd. 4.  [OPERATING MOTOR VEHICLE WITH TRANSPARENT 
109.6   DEFLECTOR.] No person shall operate any motor vehicle equipped 
109.7   with a bug deflector of transparent material having more than 
109.8   three inches of material extending above the highest part of the 
109.9   hood, excluding any decorative ornament.  However, trucks and 
109.10  truck-tractors of 12,000 pounds gross vehicle weight or larger 
109.11  may be operated with a clear, uncolored bug deflector extending 
109.12  no more than six inches above the highest part of the hood, 
109.13  excluding any decorative ornament. 
109.14     Sec. 47.  [169F.79] [FLARES, FLAGS, AND REFLECTORS.] 
109.15     Subdivision 1.  [NUMBER REQUIRED.] No person shall operate 
109.16  any motor vehicle towing a travel trailer, any passenger bus, or 
109.17  any other motor vehicle or combination of vehicles of an actual 
109.18  gross weight or manufacturer's rated gross weight of more than 
109.19  10,000 pounds at any location upon an interstate highway or 
109.20  freeway or upon any other highway outside of a business or 
109.21  residence district at any time from a half hour after sunset to 
109.22  a half hour before sunrise, unless there shall be carried in the 
109.23  vehicle the following equipment, each unit of which shall be 
109.24  capable of being seen and distinguished at a distance of 500 
109.25  feet under normal atmospheric conditions at nighttime: 
109.26     (a) at least three flares; 
109.27     (b) at least three red electric lanterns; 
109.28     (c) at least three emergency reflective triangles; or 
109.29     (d) at least three portable red reflector devices. 
109.30     Subd. 2.  [FLAMMABLES.] (a) No person shall at any time 
109.31  operate a motor vehicle transporting flammable liquids in bulk 
109.32  or compressed flammable gases as cargo or part of cargo upon a 
109.33  highway unless it carries the following equipment to be used in 
109.34  lieu of flares: 
109.35     (1) three red electric lanterns; 
109.36     (2) three emergency reflective triangles; or 
110.1      (3) three portable red reflector devices. 
110.2      (b) No open burning flares shall be carried on or placed 
110.3   adjacent to the vehicle. 
110.4      Subd. 3.  [FLAGS AND REFLECTORS.] (a) No person shall 
110.5   operate any motor vehicle towing a travel trailer, any passenger 
110.6   bus, or any other motor vehicle or combination of vehicles of an 
110.7   actual gross weight or manufacturer's rated gross weight of more 
110.8   than 10,000 pounds at any location upon any interstate highway 
110.9   or freeway or upon any other highway outside of a business or 
110.10  residence district unless there shall be carried in the vehicle 
110.11  at least: 
110.12     (1) three emergency reflective triangles; or 
110.13     (2) two red, yellow, or orange flags not less than 12 
110.14  inches square. 
110.15     (b) The triangles or flags shall be displayed at any time 
110.16  from one-half hour before sunrise to one-half hour after sunset 
110.17  under circumstances that would require the use of warning lights 
110.18  at night and in the manner and position governing the use of 
110.19  warning lights as prescribed in subdivision 5.  However, a flag 
110.20  or reflector is not required to be displayed at the ten foot 
110.21  distance. 
110.22     Subd. 4.  [APPROVED TYPE.] Every flare, lantern, signal, 
110.23  reflective triangle, or reflector required in this section shall 
110.24  be of a type approved by the commissioner. 
110.25     Subd. 5.  [WHEN USED.] (a) When any vehicle subject to the 
110.26  provisions of subdivision 1 or 3 is disabled upon the roadway or 
110.27  shoulder at any location upon an interstate highway or freeway, 
110.28  or upon any other highway outside of a business or residence 
110.29  district during the period when lighted lamps must be displayed 
110.30  on vehicles and the motor vehicle cannot immediately be removed 
110.31  from the main traveled portion of the highway or from the 
110.32  shoulder, the driver or other person in charge of the vehicle 
110.33  shall promptly cause flares, lanterns, or other signals to be 
110.34  lighted and placed as warning lights upon the highway. 
110.35     (b) Subject to paragraphs (c) and (d), the driver or other 
110.36  person in charge shall place the warning signals as follows: 
111.1      (1) one at the traffic side of the standing vehicle 
111.2   approximately ten feet rearward or forward thereof in the 
111.3   direction of greatest hazard to traffic; 
111.4      (2) one at a distance of approximately 100 feet to the rear 
111.5   of the vehicle in the center of the lane occupied by the 
111.6   vehicle; and 
111.7      (3) one at a distance of approximately 100 feet to the 
111.8   front of the vehicle in the center of the traffic lane occupied 
111.9   by the vehicle. 
111.10     (c) If disablement of any vehicle occurs within 500 feet of 
111.11  a curve, crest of a hill, or other obstruction to view, the 
111.12  driver or other person in charge shall so place the warning 
111.13  signal in that direction so as to offer ample warning to other 
111.14  users of the highway but in no case less than 100 feet nor more 
111.15  than 500 feet from the disabled vehicle. 
111.16     (d) If disablement of the vehicle occurs upon the roadway 
111.17  or shoulder of any one-way roadway of any highway, the driver or 
111.18  other person in charge shall place the warning signals as 
111.19  follows: 
111.20     (1) one at the traffic side of the vehicle not more than 
111.21  ten feet to the rear of the vehicle; 
111.22     (2) one 100 feet to the rear of the vehicle in the center 
111.23  of the lane occupied by the standing vehicle; and 
111.24     (3) one at a distance of approximately 200 feet to the rear 
111.25  of the vehicle. 
111.26                    TRANSPORTING PRESSURIZED GAS 
111.27     Sec. 48.  [169F.81] [PRESSURIZED FLAMMABLE GAS.] 
111.28     Subdivision 1.  [MARKING REQUIRED.] Any vehicle within this 
111.29  state that carries liquefied petroleum gas fuel or natural gas 
111.30  in a tank attached to the vehicle in any concealed area, 
111.31  including but not limited to trunks, compartments, or under the 
111.32  vehicle, shall display on the exterior of the vehicle the words 
111.33  "Pressurized Flammable Gas," or a standard abbreviation or 
111.34  symbol as determined by the department, in block letters at 
111.35  least two inches high.  The letters shall be of contrasting 
111.36  colors and shall be placed as near as possible to the area where 
112.1   the tank is located. 
112.2      Subd. 2.  [DISPENSING PROHIBITION.] No person shall 
112.3   dispense liquefied petroleum gas fuel or natural gas into any 
112.4   tank in a concealed area of a vehicle unless the vehicle is in 
112.5   compliance with the requirements of subdivision 1. 
112.6      Sec. 49.  [169F.815] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR PRESSURIZED 
112.7   FLAMMABLE GAS VIOLATION.] 
112.8      Any owner convicted of violating section 169F.81 is guilty 
112.9   of a third degree misdemeanor. 
112.10                        VEHICLE INSPECTIONS 
112.11     Sec. 50.  [169F.83] [COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE INSPECTION 
112.12  SPECIAL DEFINITIONS.] 
112.13     Subdivision 1.  [COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE.] For purposes of 
112.14  sections 169F.85 to 169F.91: 
112.15     (a) "commercial motor vehicle" means: 
112.16     (1) a commercial motor vehicle as defined in section 
112.17  169A.05; and 
112.18     (2) each vehicle in a combination of more than 26,000 
112.19  pounds; and 
112.20     (b) "commercial motor vehicle" does not include: 
112.21     (1) a school bus or Head Start bus displaying a certificate 
112.22  under section 169E.51; 
112.23     (2) a bus operated by the metropolitan council or by a 
112.24  local transit commission created in chapter 458A; or 
112.25     (3) a motor vehicle with a gross weight of not more than 
112.26  26,000 pounds, carrying in bulk tanks a total of not more than 
112.27  200 gallons of petroleum products or liquid fertilizer or 
112.28  pesticide. 
112.29     Subd. 2.  [OWNER.] "Owner" means a person who owns, or has 
112.30  control, under a lease of more than 30 days' duration, of one or 
112.31  more commercial motor vehicles. 
112.32     Sec. 51.  [169F.85] [SPOT CHECKS OF COMMERCIAL MOTOR 
112.33  VEHICLES.] 
112.34     Subdivision 1.  [INSPECTION PROGRAM.] The intent of this 
112.35  section is to establish a motor vehicle inspection program 
112.36  administered by the commissioner of public safety evidencing 
113.1   substantial compliance with the Federal Highway Safety Act. 
113.2      Subd. 2.  [INSPECTIONS BY STATE TROOPERS.] The commissioner 
113.3   of public safety is directed to accelerate spot check 
113.4   inspections for unsafe commercial motor vehicles and commercial 
113.5   motor vehicle equipment.  These inspections shall be conducted 
113.6   by the personnel of the state patrol. 
113.7      Subd. 3.  [RULES.] The commissioner of public safety may 
113.8   establish reasonable rules as are necessary to carry out the 
113.9   provisions of this section, but all spot check inspections shall 
113.10  be held in such a manner that the commercial motor vehicle 
113.11  operators shall not be unnecessarily inconvenienced either by 
113.12  extended detours, unnecessary delays, or any other unreasonable 
113.13  cause. 
113.14     Subd. 4.  [IMPLIED CONSENT TO INSPECTION.] Use of the 
113.15  highways of this state by a commercial vehicle constitutes 
113.16  consent to spot check inspections as provided in this section. 
113.17     Sec. 52.  [169F.87] [ANNUAL INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL MOTOR 
113.18  VEHICLE.] 
113.19     Subdivision 1.  [INSPECTION REQUIRED.] It is unlawful for a 
113.20  person to operate or permit the operation of a commercial motor 
113.21  vehicle registered in Minnesota unless: 
113.22     (a) the vehicle displays a valid safety inspection decal 
113.23  issued by an inspector certified by the commissioner; or 
113.24     (b) the vehicle carries: 
113.25     (1) proof that the vehicle complies with federal motor 
113.26  vehicle inspection requirements for vehicles in interstate 
113.27  commerce; and 
113.28     (2) a certificate of compliance with federal requirements 
113.29  issued by the commissioner under subdivision 7. 
113.30     Subd. 2.  [INSPECTOR CERTIFICATION; SUSPENSION AND 
113.31  REVOCATION; HEARING.] (a) An inspection required by this section 
113.32  may be performed only by: 
113.33     (1) an employee of the department of public safety or 
113.34  transportation who has been certified by the commissioner after 
113.35  having received training provided by the state patrol; or 
113.36     (2) another person who has been certified by the 
114.1   commissioner after having received training provided by the 
114.2   state patrol or other training approved by the commissioner. 
114.3      (b) A person who is not an employee of the department of 
114.4   public safety or transportation may be certified by the 
114.5   commissioner if the person is: 
114.6      (1) an owner, or employee of the owner, of one or more 
114.7   commercial motor vehicles that are power units; 
114.8      (2) a dealer licensed under section 168.27 and engaged in 
114.9   the business of buying and selling commercial motor vehicles, or 
114.10  an employee of the dealer; or 
114.11     (3) engaged in the business of repairing and servicing 
114.12  commercial motor vehicles. 
114.13     (c) Certification of persons described in paragraph (b), 
114.14  clauses (1) to (3), is effective for two years from the date of 
114.15  certification.  The commissioner may require biennial retraining 
114.16  of persons holding a certificate under this paragraph as a 
114.17  condition of renewal of the certificate.  The commissioner may 
114.18  charge a fee of not more than $10 for each certificate issued 
114.19  and renewed. A certified person described in paragraph (b), 
114.20  clauses (1) to (3), may charge a fee of not more than $50 for 
114.21  each inspection of a vehicle not owned by the person or the 
114.22  person's employer. 
114.23     (d) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision 4, the 
114.24  standards adopted by the commissioner for commercial motor 
114.25  vehicle inspections under sections 169F.83 to 169F.91 shall be 
114.26  the standards prescribed in Code of Federal Regulations, title 
114.27  49, section 396.17, and in chapter III, subchapter B, appendix G.
114.28  The commissioner may classify types of vehicles for inspection 
114.29  purposes and may issue separate classes of inspector 
114.30  certificates for each class. 
114.31     (e) The commissioner shall issue separate categories of 
114.32  inspector certificates based on the following classifications: 
114.33     (1) a class of certificate that authorizes the certificate 
114.34  holder to inspect commercial motor vehicles without regard to 
114.35  ownership or lease; and 
114.36     (2) a class of certificate that authorizes the certificate 
115.1   holder to inspect only commercial motor vehicles the certificate 
115.2   holder owns or leases. 
115.3      (f) The commissioner shall issue a certificate described in 
115.4   paragraph (e), clause (1), only to a person described in 
115.5   paragraph (b), clause (2) or (3). 
115.6      (g) The commissioner, after notice and an opportunity for a 
115.7   hearing, may suspend a certificate issued under paragraph (b) 
115.8   for failure to meet annual certification requirements prescribed 
115.9   by the commissioner or failure to inspect commercial motor 
115.10  vehicles in accordance with inspection procedures established by 
115.11  the state patrol.  The commissioner shall revoke a certificate 
115.12  issued under paragraph (b) if the commissioner determines after 
115.13  notice and an opportunity for a hearing that the certified 
115.14  person issued an inspection decal for a commercial motor vehicle 
115.15  when the person knew or reasonably should have known that the 
115.16  vehicle was in such a state of repair that it would have been 
115.17  declared out of service if inspected by an employee of the state 
115.18  patrol.  Suspension and revocation of certificates under this 
115.19  subdivision are not subject to sections 14.57 to 14.69. 
115.20     Subd. 3.  [INSPECTION REPORTS.] (a) A person performing an 
115.21  inspection under this section shall issue an inspection report 
115.22  to the owner of the commercial motor vehicle inspected.  The 
115.23  report must include: 
115.24     (1) the full name of the person performing the inspection, 
115.25  and the person's inspector certification number; 
115.26     (2) the name of the owner of the vehicle and, if 
115.27  applicable, the United States Department of Transportation 
115.28  carrier number issued to the owner of the vehicle, or to the 
115.29  operator of the vehicle if other than the owner; 
115.30     (3) the vehicle identification number and, if applicable, 
115.31  the license plate number of the vehicle; 
115.32     (4) the date and location of the inspection; 
115.33     (5) the vehicle components inspected and a description of 
115.34  the findings of the inspection, including identification of the 
115.35  components not in compliance with federal motor carrier safety 
115.36  regulations; and 
116.1      (6) the inspector's certification that the inspection was 
116.2   complete, accurate, and in compliance with the requirements of 
116.3   this section. 
116.4      (b) The owner must retain a copy of the inspection report 
116.5   for at least 14 months at a location in the state where the 
116.6   vehicle is domiciled or maintained.  The inspector must maintain 
116.7   a copy of the inspection report for a period of 14 months 
116.8   following the inspection in a location in the state where the 
116.9   inspector conducts business.  During this period the report must 
116.10  be available for inspection by an authorized federal, state, or 
116.11  local official. 
116.12     (c) The commissioner shall prescribe the form of the 
116.13  inspection report and revise it as necessary to comply with 
116.14  state and federal law and regulations.  The adoption of the 
116.15  report form is not subject to the administrative procedure act. 
116.16     Subd. 4.  [INSPECTION DECALS.] (a) A person inspecting a 
116.17  commercial motor vehicle shall issue an inspection decal for the 
116.18  vehicle if each inspected component of the vehicle complies with 
116.19  federal motor carrier safety regulations.  The decal must state 
116.20  that in the month specified on the decal the vehicle was 
116.21  inspected and each inspected component complied with federal 
116.22  motor carrier safety regulations.  The decal is valid for 12 
116.23  months after the month specified on the decal.  The 
116.24  commissioners of public safety and transportation shall make 
116.25  decals available, at a fee of not more than $2 for each decal, 
116.26  to persons certified to perform inspections under subdivision 2, 
116.27  paragraph (b). 
116.28     (b) Minnesota inspection decals may be affixed only to 
116.29  commercial motor vehicles bearing Minnesota-based license plates.
116.30     (c) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), unless a vehicle has one 
116.31  or more defects that would result in the vehicle being declared 
116.32  out of service under the North American Uniform Driver, Vehicle, 
116.33  and Hazardous Materials Out-of-Service Criteria issued by the 
116.34  federal highway administration and the commercial motor vehicle 
116.35  safety alliance a person inspecting a vehicle must issue an 
116.36  inspection decal to the vehicle if the vehicle is: 
117.1      (1) a vehicle of less than 57,000 pounds gross vehicle 
117.2   weight and registered as a farm truck; 
117.3      (2) a storage semitrailer; or 
117.4      (3) a building mover vehicle. 
117.5      (d) A decal issued to a vehicle described in paragraph (c), 
117.6   clause (1), (2), or (3), is valid for two years after the date 
117.7   of issuance.  A decal issued to such a vehicle must clearly 
117.8   indicate that it is valid for two years after the date of 
117.9   issuance. 
117.10     (e) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), a commercial motor 
117.11  vehicle that has a dual transmission system is not required to 
117.12  comply with a requirement in an inspection standard that 
117.13  requires that the service brake system and parking brake system 
117.14  be separate systems in the motor vehicle, if the motor vehicle: 
117.15     (1) is registered as a farm truck; 
117.16     (2) is not operated more than 75 miles from the owner's 
117.17  home post office; and 
117.18     (3) was manufactured before 1979. 
117.19     Subd. 5.  [REVIEWS; RANDOM INSPECTIONS; AUDITS.] Employees 
117.20  of the state patrol and motor transportation representatives of 
117.21  the department of transportation may review records required to 
117.22  be kept under subdivision 3, paragraph (b), and conduct random 
117.23  vehicle inspections and audits at the facility of an owner of a 
117.24  commercial motor vehicle. 
117.25     Subd. 6.  [DISPOSITION OF REVENUES.] The commissioner shall 
117.26  pay all revenues received under this section to the state 
117.27  treasurer for deposit in the trunk highway fund. 
117.28     Subd. 7.  [PROOF OF FEDERAL INSPECTION.] An owner of a 
117.29  commercial motor vehicle that is subject to and in compliance 
117.30  with federal motor vehicle inspection requirements for vehicles 
117.31  in interstate commerce may apply to the commissioner for a 
117.32  certificate of compliance with federal requirements.  On payment 
117.33  of a fee equal to the fee for an inspection decal under 
117.34  subdivision 4, paragraph (a), the commissioner shall issue the 
117.35  certificate to the applicant. 
117.36     Sec. 53.  [169F.875] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR COMMERCIAL 
118.1   MOTOR VEHICLE ANNUAL INSPECTION VIOLATION.] 
118.2      Whoever violates section 169F.87, subdivision 1 or 3, 
118.3   paragraph (b), is guilty of a third degree misdemeanor. 
118.4      Sec. 54.  [169F.89] [DAILY INSPECTION OF COMMERCIAL MOTOR 
118.5   VEHICLE.] 
118.6      Subdivision 1.  [DRIVER'S DAILY INSPECTION REPORT.] (a) The 
118.7   driver of a commercial motor vehicle shall report in writing at 
118.8   the completion of each day's work on each commercial motor 
118.9   vehicle the driver has operated. 
118.10     (b) A person who owns one or more commercial motor vehicles 
118.11  and who employs drivers for those commercial motor vehicles must 
118.12  require each driver to report as required in this section. 
118.13     (c) The report must cover the following parts and 
118.14  accessories: 
118.15     (1) service brakes, including trailer and semitrailer brake 
118.16  connections; 
118.17     (2) parking (hand) brake; 
118.18     (3) steering mechanism; 
118.19     (4) lighting devices and reflectors; 
118.20     (5) tires; 
118.21     (6) horn; 
118.22     (7) windshield wiper or wipers; 
118.23     (8) rear vision mirror or mirrors; 
118.24     (9) coupling devices; 
118.25     (10) wheels and rims; and 
118.26     (11) emergency equipment. 
118.27     (d) The report must identify the vehicle and list any 
118.28  defect or deficiency discovered by or reported to the driver 
118.29  that would affect the safe operation of the vehicle or result in 
118.30  its mechanical breakdown.  If no defect or deficiency is 
118.31  discovered by or reported to the driver, the report must so 
118.32  indicate.  The driver must sign the report after completing it. 
118.33  In the case of a commercial motor vehicle operated by two 
118.34  drivers, the signature of one of the drivers satisfies the 
118.35  requirements of this subdivision if both drivers agree 
118.36  concerning the defects or deficiencies.  If a driver operates 
119.1   more than one commercial motor vehicle during a day's work, a 
119.2   report must be prepared for each vehicle operated.  
119.3      (e) Before operating or allowing the operation of a 
119.4   commercial motor vehicle on which a report has been prepared 
119.5   under this subdivision, the owner of the vehicle or the owner's 
119.6   agent must repair defects or deficiencies listed on the report 
119.7   that would be sufficient under inspection procedures established 
119.8   by the state patrol to require the vehicle to be declared out of 
119.9   service. 
119.10     (f) Before allowing the commercial motor vehicle to be 
119.11  operated again, the owner or the owner's agent must certify, on 
119.12  the report listing the defect or deficiency, that the defect or 
119.13  deficiency has been corrected or that correction is unnecessary. 
119.14     (g) A motor carrier must keep the original vehicle 
119.15  inspection report for at least three months after the date of 
119.16  inspection.  The report must be available for inspection by an 
119.17  authorized federal, state, or local official at any time during 
119.18  this period. 
119.19     (h) A copy of the vehicle inspection report, including a 
119.20  certification of corrections resulting from the report, must be 
119.21  carried in the commercial motor vehicle, or in the power unit of 
119.22  a commercial motor vehicle combination, at all times when the 
119.23  vehicle or power unit is operated until the next inspection 
119.24  report is completed under this subdivision.  The copy must be 
119.25  made available on demand to: 
119.26     (1) a peace officer; 
119.27     (2) a person authorized under section 221.221; and 
119.28     (3) a person described in section 299D.06. 
119.29     Subd. 2.  [DRIVERS; PRETRIP INSPECTION.] (a) Before driving 
119.30  a commercial motor vehicle, a driver must: 
119.31     (1) review the most recent vehicle inspection report on the 
119.32  vehicle; 
119.33     (2) determine that the vehicle is in safe operating 
119.34  condition; and 
119.35     (3) sign the inspection report in the vehicle. 
119.36     (b) The driver shall sign the report only if all defects 
120.1   and deficiencies listed in the report have been certified as 
120.2   having been corrected or as not requiring correction. 
120.3      (c) If the commercial motor vehicle does not contain the 
120.4   previous day's inspection report, the driver must make the 
120.5   inspection and complete the report required under subdivision 1. 
120.6      Subd. 3.  [OPERATION PROHIBITED.] It is unlawful to drive 
120.7   or to cause another person to drive a commercial motor vehicle 
120.8   that does not contain a copy of an inspection report complying 
120.9   with this section. 
120.10     Subd. 4.  [EXCEPTIONS.] (a) With the exception of 
120.11  subdivision 2, paragraph (a), clause (2), this section does not 
120.12  apply to a commercial motor vehicle that is a farm truck that 
120.13  may be operated by a person not holding a commercial driver's 
120.14  license. 
120.15     (b) This section does not apply to a commercial motor 
120.16  vehicle held for resale by a motor vehicle dealer licensed under 
120.17  section 168.27. 
120.18     Sec. 55.  [169F.895] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR COMMERCIAL 
120.19  MOTOR VEHICLE DAILY INSPECTION VIOLATION.] 
120.20     Whoever violates section 169F.89, subdivision 3, is guilty 
120.21  of a third degree misdemeanor. 
120.22     Sec. 56.  [169F.91] [ACCIDENTS; REINSPECTION.] 
120.23     Subdivision 1.  [POSTCRASH INSPECTION.] A peace officer 
120.24  responding to an accident involving a commercial motor vehicle 
120.25  must immediately notify the state patrol if the accident results 
120.26  in death, personal injury, or property damage to an apparent 
120.27  extent of more than $4,400.  It is unlawful for a person to 
120.28  drive or cause to be driven a commercial motor vehicle after 
120.29  such an accident unless: 
120.30     (a) the vehicle has been inspected by a state trooper or 
120.31  other person authorized to conduct inspections under section 
120.32  169F.87, subdivision 2, paragraph (a), who is an employee of the 
120.33  department of public safety or transportation, and the person 
120.34  inspecting the vehicle has determined that the vehicle may 
120.35  safely be operated; or 
120.36     (b) a waiver has been granted under subdivision 2. 
121.1      Subd. 2.  [WAIVER.] A state trooper or other authorized 
121.2   person called to the scene of an accident by a responding peace 
121.3   officer under subdivision 1 may waive the inspection requirement 
121.4   of that subdivision if the person determines that a postcrash 
121.5   inspection is not needed or cannot be accomplished without 
121.6   unreasonable delay.  A person who grants a waiver must provide 
121.7   to the driver of the commercial motor vehicle for which the 
121.8   waiver is granted a written statement that the inspection has 
121.9   been waived.  The written statement must include the incident 
121.10  report number assigned to the accident by the state patrol. 
121.11     Sec. 57.  [169F.915] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR ACCIDENT 
121.12  REINSPECTION VIOLATION.] 
121.13     Whoever violates section 169F.91 is guilty of a second 
121.14  degree misdemeanor. 
121.15     Sec. 58.  [169F.93] [LICENSE PLATES.] 
121.16     Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] No person shall operate, 
121.17  drive, or park a motor vehicle on any highway unless the vehicle 
121.18  is registered in accordance with the laws of this state and has 
121.19  the license plates for the current year only, except as provided 
121.20  in section 168.12, subdivision 2f, as assigned to it by the 
121.21  commissioner, conspicuously displayed thereon in a manner that 
121.22  the view of any plate is not obstructed.  If the vehicle is a 
121.23  semitrailer, the license plate displayed must be assigned to the 
121.24  registered owner and correlate to the certificate of title 
121.25  documentation on file with the department and shall not display 
121.26  a year indicator.  If the vehicle is a motorcycle, motor 
121.27  scooter, motorized bicycle, motorcycle sidecar, trailer, 
121.28  semitrailer, or vehicle displaying a dealer plate, one plate 
121.29  shall be displayed on the rear thereof; if the vehicle is a 
121.30  truck-tractor, road-tractor or farm truck, as defined in section 
121.31  168.011, subdivision 17, but excluding from that definition 
121.32  semitrailers and trailers, one plate shall be displayed on the 
121.33  front thereof; if it is any other kind of motor vehicle, one 
121.34  plate shall be displayed on the front and one on the rear 
121.35  thereof. 
121.36     Subd. 2.  [SECURE FASTENING.] All plates shall be securely 
122.1   fastened so as to prevent them from swinging. 
122.2      Subd. 3.  [KEEPING PLATE UNOBSTRUCTED.] The person driving 
122.3   the motor vehicle shall keep the plate legible and unobstructed 
122.4   and free from grease, dust, or other blurring material so that 
122.5   the lettering shall be plainly visible at all times. 
122.6      Subd. 4.  [COVERING LETTERS OR NUMBERS.] It is unlawful to 
122.7   cover any assigned letters and numbers or the name of the state 
122.8   of origin of a license plate with any material whatever, 
122.9   including any clear or colorless material that affects the 
122.10  plate's visibility or reflectivity. 
122.11     Subd. 5.  [POSITION OF MONTH AND YEAR OF EXPIRATION.] 
122.12  License plates issued to vehicles registered under section 
122.13  168.017 must display the month of expiration in the lower left 
122.14  corner as viewed facing the plate and the year of expiration in 
122.15  the lower right corner as viewed facing the plate. 
122.16                             ARTICLE 4 
122.17                     SIZE AND WEIGHT PROVISIONS 
122.18                         GENERAL PROVISIONS 
122.19     Section 1.  [169G.03] [VIOLATION UNLAWFUL.] 
122.20     It is unlawful for a person to drive or move, or for the 
122.21  owner to cause or knowingly permit to be driven or moved, on a 
122.22  highway a vehicle or vehicles: 
122.23     (a) of a size or weight exceeding the limitations stated in 
122.24  this chapter; or 
122.25     (b) otherwise in violation of this chapter. 
122.26     Sec. 2.  [169G.05] [MAXIMUM SIZE AND WEIGHT LAWFUL.] 
122.27     The maximum size and weight of vehicles as prescribed in 
122.28  this chapter shall be lawful throughout this state, and local 
122.29  authorities shall have no power or authority to alter these 
122.30  limitations except as express authority may be granted in this 
122.31  chapter. 
122.32     Sec. 3.  [169G.07] [MANNER OF WEIGHING.] 
122.33     Subdivision 1.  [AXLES WEIGHED SEPARATELY.] (a) When all 
122.34  the axles of a vehicle or combination of vehicles are weighed 
122.35  separately the sum of the weights of the axles so weighed shall 
122.36  be evidence of the total gross weight of the vehicle or 
123.1   combination of vehicles so weighed. 
123.2      (b) When each of the axles of any group that contains two 
123.3   or more consecutive axles of a vehicle or combination of 
123.4   vehicles have been weighed separately the sum of the weights of 
123.5   the axles so weighed shall be evidence of the total gross weight 
123.6   on the group of axles so weighed. 
123.7      Subd. 2.  [AXLES WEIGHED SEPARATELY AND TOGETHER.] When, in 
123.8   any group of three or more consecutive axles of a vehicle or 
123.9   combination of vehicles any axles have been weighed separately 
123.10  and two or more axles consecutive to each other in the group 
123.11  have been weighed together, the sum of the weights of the axles 
123.12  weighed separately and the axles weighed together shall be 
123.13  evidence of the total gross weight of the group of axles so 
123.14  weighed. 
123.15                         GENERAL EXEMPTIONS 
123.16     Sec. 4.  [169G.11] [INAPPLICABILITY TO FIRE APPARATUS OR 
123.17  VEHICLE WITH SPECIAL PERMIT.] 
123.18     The provisions of this chapter governing size, weight, and 
123.19  load shall not apply to fire apparatus, or to a vehicle operated 
123.20  under the terms of a special permit issued as provided by law. 
123.21     Sec. 5.  [169G.13] [IMPLEMENTS OF HUSBANDRY.] 
123.22     Subdivision 1.  [EXEMPTION FROM SIZE, WEIGHT, LOAD 
123.23  PROVISIONS.] Except as provided in this section and section 
123.24  169G.43, the provisions of this chapter that govern size, 
123.25  weight, and load do not apply to: 
123.26     (a) a horse-drawn wagon while carrying a load of loose 
123.27  straw or hay; 
123.28     (b) a specialized vehicle resembling a low-slung trailer 
123.29  having a short bed or platform, while transporting one or more 
123.30  implements of husbandry; or 
123.31     (c) an implement of husbandry while being driven or towed 
123.32  at a speed of not more than 25 miles per hour if the implement 
123.33  of husbandry: 
123.34     (1) is owned, leased, or under the control of a farmer; 
123.35     (2) is being operated on noninterstate roads or highways; 
123.36  and 
124.1      (3) is being operated within 75 miles of any farmland: 
124.2      (i) owned, leased, or operated by the farmer; and 
124.3      (ii) on which the farmer regularly uses the implement of 
124.4   husbandry. 
124.5      Subd. 2.  [WEIGHT PER INCH OF TIRE WIDTH.] An implement of 
124.6   husbandry that is not self-propelled and is equipped with 
124.7   pneumatic tires may not be operated on a public highway with a 
124.8   maximum wheel load that exceeds 500 pounds per inch of tire 
124.9   width. 
124.10     Subd. 3.  [HITCHES.] A towed implement of husbandry must be 
124.11  equipped with: 
124.12     (a) safety chains that meet the requirements of section 
124.13  169G.43, subdivision 3, paragraph (b); 
124.14     (b) a regulation fifth wheel and kingpin assembly approved 
124.15  by the commissioner of public safety; or 
124.16     (c) a hitch pin or other hitching device with a retainer 
124.17  that prevents accidental unhitching. 
124.18                               HEIGHT 
124.19     Sec. 6.  [169G.21] [HEIGHT LIMITATIONS.] 
124.20     Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] Except as provided in 
124.21  subdivision 2 or section 169G.71 or 169G.73, no vehicle unladen 
124.22  or with load shall exceed a height of 13 feet six inches. 
124.23     Subd. 2.  [DOUBLE-DECK BUS.] A double-deck bus may not 
124.24  exceed a height of 14 feet three inches.  Any carrier operating 
124.25  a double-deck bus exceeding 13 feet six inches shall obtain from 
124.26  the commissioner, with respect to highways under the 
124.27  commissioner's jurisdiction, and from local authorities, with 
124.28  respect to highways under their jurisdiction, an annual permit 
124.29  to operate the bus upon any highway under the jurisdiction of 
124.30  the party granting the permit.  Annual permits shall be issued 
124.31  in accordance with applicable provisions of section 169G.71.  
124.32  The fee for an annual permit issued by the commissioner is as 
124.33  provided in section 169G.71, subdivision 7. 
124.34                               WIDTH 
124.35     Sec. 7.  [169G.31] [GENERAL WIDTH LIMITATIONS.] 
124.36     Subdivision 1.  [OUTSIDE WIDTH.] Except as provided in this 
125.1   section or in section 169G.11 or 169G.13, the total outside 
125.2   width of the following may not exceed 102 inches: 
125.3      (a) a vehicle exclusive of rear view mirrors or load 
125.4   securement devices that are not an integral part of the vehicle 
125.5   and not exceeding three inches on each side; or 
125.6      (b) a vehicle's load. 
125.7      Subd. 2.  [POLITICAL SUBDIVISION'S SEWAGE SLUDGE VEHICLE.] 
125.8   (a) The outside width of a vehicle owned by a political 
125.9   subdivision and used exclusively for the purpose of handling 
125.10  sewage sludge from sewage treatment facilities to farm fields or 
125.11  disposal sites, may not exceed 12 feet. 
125.12     (b) A vehicle exceeding 102 inches in total outside width, 
125.13  owned by a political subdivision and used for the purpose of 
125.14  transporting or applying sewage sludge to farm fields or 
125.15  disposal sites may not transport sludge for distances greater 
125.16  than 15 miles, nor may it be used for transportation of sewage 
125.17  sludge or return travel between the hours of sunset and sunrise, 
125.18  or at any other time when visibility is impaired by weather, 
125.19  smoke, fog, or other conditions rendering persons and vehicles 
125.20  not clearly discernible on the highway at a distance of 500 feet.
125.21     Subd. 3.  [LOW BED TRAILER OR EQUIPMENT DOLLY TRANSPORTING 
125.22  FARM OR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT.] The total outside width of a 
125.23  low bed trailer or equipment dolly, and the load, used 
125.24  exclusively for transporting farm machinery and construction 
125.25  equipment may not exceed nine feet in width.  A low bed trailer 
125.26  or equipment dolly with a total outside width, including the 
125.27  load, exceeding 102 inches may not be operated on any interstate 
125.28  highway without first having obtained a permit for the operation 
125.29  under section 169G.71.  The vehicle must display 12-inch square 
125.30  red flags as markers at the front and rear of the left side of 
125.31  the vehicle. 
125.32     Subd. 4.  [TRACKLESS TROLLEY CAR OR BUS.] The total outside 
125.33  width of a trackless trolley car or passenger motor bus, 
125.34  operated exclusively in a city or contiguous cities in this 
125.35  state, may not exceed nine feet. 
125.36     Subd. 5.  [LOAD ON PASSENGER VEHICLE.] No passenger-type 
126.1   vehicle shall be operated on any highway with any load carried 
126.2   thereon extending beyond the line of the fenders on the left 
126.3   side of the vehicle nor extending more than six inches beyond 
126.4   the line of the fenders on the right side thereof. 
126.5                                LENGTH 
126.6      Sec. 8.  [169G.41] [LENGTH LIMITATIONS.] 
126.7      Subdivision 1.  [LENGTH OF SINGLE VEHICLE; EXCEPTIONS.] (a) 
126.8   Statewide, no single vehicle may exceed 40 feet in overall 
126.9   length, including load and front and rear bumpers, except: 
126.10     (1) mobile cranes, which may not exceed 48 feet in overall 
126.11  length; and 
126.12     (2) buses, which may not exceed 45 feet in overall length. 
126.13     (b) Statewide, no semitrailer may exceed 48 feet in overall 
126.14  length, including bumper and load, but excluding 
126.15  non-cargo-carrying equipment, such as refrigeration units or air 
126.16  compressors, necessary for safe and efficient operation and 
126.17  located on the end of the semitrailer adjacent to the 
126.18  truck-tractor.  However, statewide, a single semitrailer may 
126.19  exceed 48 feet, but not 53 feet, if the distance from the 
126.20  kingpin to the centerline of the rear axle group of the 
126.21  semitrailer does not exceed 41 feet. 
126.22     (c) Statewide, no single trailer may have an overall length 
126.23  exceeding 45 feet, including the tow bar assembly but exclusive 
126.24  of rear bumpers that do not increase the overall length by more 
126.25  than six inches. 
126.26     (d) For determining compliance with this subdivision, the 
126.27  length of the semitrailer or trailer must be determined 
126.28  separately from the overall length of the combination of 
126.29  vehicles. 
126.30     (e) No semitrailer or trailer used in a three-vehicle 
126.31  combination may have an overall length exceeding 28-1/2 feet, 
126.32  exclusive of: 
126.33     (1) non-cargo-carrying accessory equipment, including 
126.34  refrigeration units or air compressors and upper coupler plates, 
126.35  necessary for safe and efficient operation, located on the end 
126.36  of the semitrailer or trailer adjacent to the truck or 
127.1   truck-tractor; 
127.2      (2) the tow bar assembly; and 
127.3      (3) lower coupler equipment that is a fixed part of the 
127.4   rear end of the first semitrailer or trailer. 
127.5      Subd. 2.  [NUMBER OF UNITS IN VEHICLE COMBINATIONS; 
127.6   GENERALLY, EXCEPTIONS.] (a) Statewide, no combination of 
127.7   vehicles coupled together may consist of more than two units, 
127.8   except as provided in paragraph (b). 
127.9      (b) Three-unit combinations may only be used as provided 
127.10  for in subdivisions 3, paragraph (d), 4, 10, and 11.  Further, 
127.11  vehicles transporting milk from the point of production to the 
127.12  point of first processing may consist of no more than three 
127.13  units.  Mount combinations, consisting of a truck or 
127.14  truck-tractor transporting similar vehicles by having the front 
127.15  axle of the transported vehicle mounted onto the center of the 
127.16  rear part of the preceding vehicle, may be used. 
127.17     Subd. 3.  [LENGTH OF VEHICLE COMBINATIONS.] (a) Statewide, 
127.18  except on the highways identified under provisions in paragraph 
127.19  (d), no combination of vehicles may exceed a total length of 75 
127.20  feet. 
127.21     (b) However, the total length limitation does not apply to 
127.22  combinations of vehicles transporting: 
127.23     (1) telephone poles, electric light and power poles, 
127.24  piling, or pole length pulpwood; or 
127.25     (2) pipe or other objects by a public utility when required 
127.26  for emergency or repair of public service facilities or when 
127.27  operated under special permits as provided in section 169G.71. 
127.28     (c) Combinations of vehicles under paragraph (b) must be 
127.29  equipped with sufficient clearance markers, or lamps for night 
127.30  transportation, on both sides and upon the extreme ends of a 
127.31  projecting load to clearly mark the dimensions of the load. 
127.32     (d) The following combination of vehicles regularly engaged 
127.33  in the transportation of commodities may operate only on divided 
127.34  highways having four or more lanes of travel, and on other 
127.35  highways as may be designated by the commissioner subject to 
127.36  section 169G.61, subdivision 1, and subject to the approval of 
128.1   the authority having jurisdiction over the highway, for the 
128.2   purpose of providing reasonable access between the divided 
128.3   highways of four or more lanes of travel and terminals, 
128.4   facilities for food, fuel, repair, and rest, and points of 
128.5   loading and unloading for household goods carriers, livestock 
128.6   carriers, or for the purpose of providing continuity of route: 
128.7      (1) a truck-tractor and semitrailer exceeding 75 feet in 
128.8   length; 
128.9      (2) a combination of vehicles including a truck-tractor and 
128.10  semitrailer drawing one additional semitrailer, which may be 
128.11  equipped with an auxiliary dolly; 
128.12     (3) a combination of vehicles including a truck-tractor and 
128.13  semitrailer drawing one full trailer; 
128.14     (4) a truck-tractor and semitrailer designed and used 
128.15  exclusively for the transportation of motor vehicles or boats 
128.16  and exceeding an overall length of 75 feet including the load; 
128.17  and 
128.18     (5) a truck or truck-tractor transporting similar vehicles 
128.19  by having the front axle of the transported vehicle mounted onto 
128.20  the center or rear part of the preceding vehicle, defined in 
128.21  Code of Federal Regulations, title 49, sections 390.5 and 393.5 
128.22  as drive-away saddlemount combinations or drive-away saddlemount 
128.23  vehicle transporter combinations, when the overall length 
128.24  exceeds 75 feet. 
128.25     (e) Vehicles operated under the provisions of this section 
128.26  must conform to the standards for those vehicles prescribed by 
128.27  the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Highway 
128.28  Administration, Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety, as amended. 
128.29     Subd. 4.  [RECREATIONAL VEHICLE COMBINATIONS.] 
128.30  Notwithstanding subdivision 3, a recreational vehicle 
128.31  combination may be operated without a permit if: 
128.32     (a) the combination does not consist of more than three 
128.33  vehicles, and the towing rating of the pickup truck is equal to 
128.34  or greater than the total weight of all vehicles being towed; 
128.35     (b) the combination does not exceed 60 feet in length; 
128.36     (c) the camper-semitrailer in the combination does not 
129.1   exceed 26 feet; 
129.2      (d) the operator of the combination is at least 18 years of 
129.3   age; 
129.4      (e) the trailer carrying a watercraft meets all 
129.5   requirements of law; 
129.6      (f) the trailers in the combination are connected to the 
129.7   pickup truck and each other in conformity with section 169G.43 
129.8   (trailer equipment); and 
129.9      (g) the combination is not operated within the seven-county 
129.10  metropolitan area, as defined in section 473.121, subdivision 2, 
129.11  during the hours of 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. to 7:00 
129.12  p.m. on Mondays through Fridays. 
129.13     Subd. 5.  [PROJECTING LOADS.] The load upon any vehicle 
129.14  operated alone, or the load upon the front vehicle of a 
129.15  combination of vehicles, shall not extend more than three feet 
129.16  beyond the front wheels of the vehicle or the front bumper of 
129.17  the vehicle if it is equipped with such a bumper. 
129.18     Subd. 6.  [MANNER OF LOADING.] No vehicle shall be driven 
129.19  or moved on any highway unless the vehicle is so constructed, 
129.20  loaded, or the load securely covered as to prevent any of its 
129.21  load from dropping, sifting, leaking, blowing, or otherwise 
129.22  escaping therefrom.  However, sand may be dropped for the 
129.23  purpose of securing traction, or water or other substances may 
129.24  be sprinkled on a roadway in cleaning or maintaining the 
129.25  roadway.  This subdivision shall not apply to motor vehicles 
129.26  operated by a farmer or the farmer's agent when transporting 
129.27  produce such as small grains, shelled corn, soybeans, or other 
129.28  farm produce of a size and density not likely to cause injury to 
129.29  persons or damage to property on escaping in small amounts from 
129.30  a vehicle. 
129.31     Subd. 7.  [FIREWOOD LOAD.] No vehicle that has a cargo area 
129.32  without a rear wall may be driven or moved on a trunk highway 
129.33  with a load of cut firewood of less than three feet in length 
129.34  unless the rear of the cargo area is covered with a material of 
129.35  sufficient strength to prevent any part of the load from 
129.36  escaping from the rear.  No person shall transport firewood in 
130.1   any vehicle in an unsafe manner.  A peace officer may issue a 
130.2   warning rather than a citation for a first violation of this 
130.3   subdivision if, in the officer's judgment, the load of firewood 
130.4   is made safe for transport. 
130.5      Subd. 8.  [GRAVEL TRUCK SECURING LOAD.] (a) The driver of a 
130.6   vehicle transporting sand, gravel, aggregate, dirt, lime rock, 
130.7   silica, or similar material shall ensure that the cargo 
130.8   compartment of the vehicle is securely covered if: 
130.9      (1) the vertical distance from the top of an exterior wall 
130.10  of the cargo compartment to the load, when measured downward 
130.11  along the inside surface of the wall, is less than six inches; 
130.12  or 
130.13     (2) the horizontal distance from the top of an exterior 
130.14  wall of the cargo compartment to the load is less than two feet. 
130.15     (b) The driver shall not operate a vehicle to transport 
130.16  sand, gravel, aggregate, dirt, lime rock, silica, or similar 
130.17  material in or on any part of the vehicle other than in the 
130.18  cargo container.  The driver shall clean the vehicle of loose 
130.19  sand, gravel, aggregate, dirt, lime rock, silica, or similar 
130.20  material before the vehicle is moved on a road, street, or 
130.21  highway following loading or unloading. 
130.22     Subd. 9.  [GARBAGE TRUCK SECURING LOAD.] (a) A driver of a 
130.23  vehicle used to transport garbage, rubbish, trash, debris, or 
130.24  similar material need not cover the transported material as long 
130.25  as: 
130.26     (1) the vehicle is being operated at a speed less than 30 
130.27  miles per hour; 
130.28     (2) the vehicle is not being operated on an interstate 
130.29  highway; and 
130.30     (3) no part of the load escapes from the vehicle. 
130.31     (b) The driver shall immediately retrieve material that 
130.32  escapes from the vehicle, when safe to do so. 
130.33     Subd. 10.  [LIVESTOCK OR POULTRY LOADING CHUTE TRAILER.] (a)
130.34  Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivisions 1 and 3, and 
130.35  subject to paragraphs (b) and (d), either of the following 
130.36  vehicles may draw one additional two-wheel trailer, the loaded 
131.1   weight of which does not exceed 3,000 pounds, for the sole 
131.2   purpose of transporting a livestock or poultry loading chute: 
131.3      (1) a farm truck as defined in section 168.011, subdivision 
131.4   17, including a single unit truck or a combination of vehicles 
131.5   of no more than two units and otherwise not exceeding the size 
131.6   and weight limitations prescribed by law; and 
131.7      (2) a livestock or poultry truck, including a single unit 
131.8   truck or a combination of vehicles of no more than two units and 
131.9   not otherwise exceeding the size and weight limitations 
131.10  prescribed by law, owned or operated by a livestock or poultry 
131.11  carrier and used primarily for transporting livestock or poultry 
131.12  for hire. 
131.13     (b) The two-wheel trailer shall not be drawn by a two-unit 
131.14  combination on the public highways of this state beyond a ten- 
131.15  mile radius of the home post office of the owner or operator of 
131.16  the two-unit combination. 
131.17     (c) The two-wheel trailer used solely for transporting a 
131.18  livestock or poultry chute is special mobile equipment. 
131.19     (d) This subdivision does not apply to the seven-county 
131.20  metropolitan area. 
131.21     Subd. 11.  [PICKUP TRUCKS; LIMITATION ON DRAWING TRAILERS.] 
131.22  Notwithstanding any other provision of this section or any other 
131.23  law to the contrary, a pickup truck used primarily in the 
131.24  production or transportation of liquid fertilizer, anhydrous 
131.25  ammonia, or any agricultural commodity as defined in section 
131.26  17.53, subdivision 2, may draw one or two empty trailers when 
131.27  the resulting combination does not exceed the size and weight 
131.28  limitations otherwise prescribed by law.  A pickup truck when 
131.29  drawing two trailers shall not be operated on the highways of 
131.30  this state beyond a 35-mile radius of the home post office of 
131.31  the owner of the pickup truck nor at a speed exceeding 35 miles 
131.32  per hour. 
131.33     Sec. 9.  [169G.43] [TRAILER EQUIPMENT.] 
131.34     Subdivision 1.  [CONNECTION TO TOWING VEHICLE.] (a) When 
131.35  one vehicle is towing another the drawbar or other connection 
131.36  must be of sufficient strength to pull the weight being towed. 
132.1      (b) The drawbar or other connection may not exceed 15 feet 
132.2   from one vehicle to the other.  This paragraph does not apply to 
132.3   the connection between any two vehicles transporting poles, 
132.4   pipe, machinery, or other objects of structural nature that 
132.5   cannot readily be dismembered. 
132.6      Subd. 2.  [MARKING.] When one vehicle is towing another and 
132.7   the connection consists of a chain, rope, or cable, the 
132.8   connection must display a white, red, yellow, or orange flag or 
132.9   cloth not less than 12 inches square. 
132.10     Subd. 3.  [HITCHES; CHAINS; CABLES.] (a) Every trailer or 
132.11  semitrailer must be hitched to the towing motor vehicle by a 
132.12  device approved by the commissioner of public safety. 
132.13     (b) Every trailer and semitrailer must be equipped with 
132.14  safety chains or cables permanently attached to the trailer 
132.15  except in cases where the coupling device is a regulation fifth 
132.16  wheel and kingpin assembly approved by the commissioner of 
132.17  public safety.  In towing, the chains or cables must be attached 
132.18  to the vehicles near the points of bumper attachments to the 
132.19  chassis of each vehicle, and must be of sufficient strength to 
132.20  control the trailer in the event of failure of the towing 
132.21  device.  The length of chain or cable must be no more than 
132.22  necessary to permit free turning of the vehicles. 
132.23     (c) This subdivision does not apply to towed implements of 
132.24  husbandry. 
132.25     Sec. 10.  [169G.45] [TOWING BY VEHICLE TRANSPORT BUSINESS; 
132.26  EQUIPMENT.] 
132.27     A person employed by a business required to be licensed 
132.28  under section 168.053 (drive-away in transit license), in 
132.29  pulling or towing vehicles covered by that section, shall use at 
132.30  least two safety chains in addition to tow bars. 
132.31     Sec. 11.  [169G.51] [WEIGHT LIMITATIONS GENERALLY.] 
132.32     Subdivision 1.  [PNEUMATIC-TIRED VEHICLES.] No vehicle or 
132.33  combination of vehicles equipped with pneumatic tires shall be 
132.34  operated upon the highways of this state: 
132.35     (a) where the gross weight on any wheel exceeds 9,000 
132.36  pounds, except that on designated local routes and state trunk 
133.1   highways the gross weight on any single wheel shall not exceed 
133.2   10,000 pounds; 
133.3      (b) where the gross weight on any single axle exceeds 
133.4   18,000 pounds, except that on designated local routes and state 
133.5   trunk highways the gross weight on any single axle shall not 
133.6   exceed 20,000 pounds; 
133.7      (c) where the maximum wheel load: 
133.8      (1) on the foremost and rearmost steering axles, exceeds 
133.9   600 pounds per inch of tire width or the manufacturer's 
133.10  recommended load, whichever is less; or 
133.11     (2) on other axles, exceeds 500 pounds per inch of tire 
133.12  width or the manufacturer's recommended load, whichever is less; 
133.13     (d) where the gross weight on any axle of a tridem exceeds 
133.14  15,000 pounds, except that for vehicles to which an additional 
133.15  axle has been added prior to June 1, 1981, the maximum gross 
133.16  weight on any axle of a tridem may be up to 16,000 pounds 
133.17  provided the gross weight of the tridem combination does not 
133.18  exceed 39,900 pounds where the first and third axles of the 
133.19  tridem are spaced nine feet apart; or 
133.20     (e) where the gross weight on any group of axles exceeds 
133.21  the weights permitted under this section with any or all of the 
133.22  interior axles disregarded and their gross weights subtracted 
133.23  from the gross weight of all axles of the group under 
133.24  consideration. 
133.25     Subd. 2.  [VEHICLES NOT EQUIPPED WITH PNEUMATIC TIRES.] A 
133.26  vehicle or combination of vehicles not equipped with pneumatic 
133.27  tires shall be governed by the provisions of this section, 
133.28  except that the gross weight limitations shall be reduced by 40 
133.29  percent. 
133.30     Subd. 3.  [GROSS WEIGHT SCHEDULE.] (a) No vehicle or 
133.31  combination of vehicles equipped with pneumatic tires shall be 
133.32  operated upon the highways of this state where the total gross 
133.33  weight on any group of two or more consecutive axles of any 
133.34  vehicle or combination of vehicles exceeds that given in the 
133.35  following table for the distance between the centers of the 
133.36  first and last axles of any group of two or more consecutive 
134.1   axles under consideration.  Unless otherwise noted, the distance 
134.2   between axles shall be measured longitudinally to the nearest 
134.3   even foot, and when the measurement is a fraction of exactly 
134.4   one-half foot the next largest whole number in feet shall be 
134.5   used, except that when the distance between axles is more than 
134.6   three feet four inches and less than three feet six inches the 
134.7   distance of four feet shall be used.  The maximum gross weight 
134.8   on a group of three consecutive axles where the distance between 
134.9   centers of foremost and rearmost axles is listed as seven feet 
134.10  or eight feet applies only to vehicles manufactured before 
134.11  August 1, 1991.  "8 plus" refers to any distance greater than 
134.12  eight feet but less than nine feet.  The gross weights shown in 
134.13  parentheses are permitted only on state trunk highways and 
134.14  routes designated under section 169G.53, subdivision 1: 
134.15               Maximum gross weight in pounds on a group of
134.16                     2                 3                 4  
134.17  Distances     consecutive       consecutive       consecutive  
134.18  in feet       axles of          axles of          axles of 
134.19  between       a 2-axle          a 3-axle          a 4-axle 
134.20  centers       vehicle           vehicle           vehicle 
134.21  of fore-      or of any         or of any         or any com- 
134.22  most and      vehicle or        vehicle or        bination of 
134.23  rearmost      combination       combination       vehicles 
134.24  axles of      of vehicles       of vehicles       having a 
134.25  a group       having a          having a          total of 4 
134.26                total of 2        total of 3        or more axles 
134.27                or more axles     or more axles 
134.28     4          34,000 
134.29     5          34,000 
134.30                        
134.31     6          34,000 
134.32                        
134.33     7          34,000            37,000
134.34    
134.35     8          34,000            38,500
134.36                        
135.1      8 plus     34,000            42,000 
135.2                (38,000) 
135.3      9          35,000            43,000 
135.4                (39,000) 
135.5     10          36,000            43,500            49,000
135.6                (40,000)
135.7     11          36,000            44,500            49,500
135.8     12                            45,000            50,000 
135.9     13                            46,000            51,000 
135.10    14                            46,500            51,500 
135.11    15                            47,500            52,000 
135.12    16                            48,000            53,000 
135.13    17                            49,000            53,500 
135.14    18                            49,500            54,000 
135.15    19                            50,500            55,000 
135.16    20                            51,000            55,500 
135.17    21                            52,000            56,000 
135.18    22                            52,500            57,000 
135.19    23                            53,500            57,500 
135.20    24                            54,000            58,000 
135.21    25                           (55,000)           59,000 
135.22    26                           (55,500)           59,500 
135.23    27                           (56,500)           60,000 
135.24    28                           (57,000)           61,000 
135.25    29                           (58,000)           61,500 
135.26    30                           (58,500)           62,000 
135.27    31                           (59,500)           63,000 
135.28    32                           (60,000)           63,500 
135.29    33                                              64,000 
135.30    34                                              65,000 
135.31    35                                              65,500 
135.32    36                                              66,000 
135.33    37                                              67,000 
135.34    38                                              67,500 
135.35    39                                              68,000 
135.36    40                                              69,000 
136.1     41                                              69,500 
136.2     42                                              70,000 
136.3     43                                              71,000 
136.4     44                                              71,500 
136.5     45                                              72,000 
136.6     46                                              72,500 
136.7     47                                             (73,500)
136.8     48                                             (74,000)
136.9     49                                             (74,500)
136.10    50                                             (75,500)
136.11    51                                             (76,000)
136.12          Maximum gross weight in pounds on a group of 
136.13                    5                 6                 7 
136.14  Distances     consecutive       consecutive       consecutive 
136.15  in feet       axles of a        axles of          axles of  
136.16  between       5-axle vehicle    a combination     a combination 
136.17  centers       or any com-       of vehicles       of vehicles 
136.18  of fore-      bination of       having a total    having a total 
136.19  most and      vehicles          of 6 or more      of 7 or more 
136.20  rearmost      having a total    axles             axles 
136.21  axles of      of 5 or more 
136.22  a group       axles 
136.23    14          57,000
136.24    15          57,500
136.25    16          58,000 
136.26    17          59,000 
136.27    18          59,500 
136.28    19          60,000 
136.29    20          60,500            66,000            72,000 
136.30    22          61,500            67,000            72,500 
136.31    22          62,000            67,500            73,000 
136.32    23          62,500            68,000            73,500 
136.33    24          63,000            68,500            74,000 
136.34    25          64,000            69,000            75,000 
136.35    26          64,500            70,000            75,500 
136.36    27          65,000            70,500            76,000 
137.1     28          65,500            71,000            76,500 
137.2     29          66,500            71,500            77,000 
137.3     30          67,000            72,000            77,500 
137.4     31          67,500            73,000            78,500 
137.5     32          68,000            73,500            79,000 
137.6     33          69,000            74,000            79,500 
137.7     34          69,500            74,500            80,000 
137.8     35          70,000            75,000 
137.9     36          70,500            76,000 
137.10    37          71,500            76,500 
137.11    38          72,000            77,000 
137.12    39          72,500            77,500 
137.13    40          73,000            78,000 
137.14    41         (74,000)           79,000 
137.15    42         (74,500)           79,500 
137.16    43         (75,000)           80,000 
137.17    44         (75,500) 
137.18    45         (76,500) 
137.19    46         (77,000) 
137.20    47         (77,500) 
137.21    48         (78,000) 
137.22    49         (79,000) 
137.23    50         (79,500) 
137.24    51         (80,000) 
137.25     (b) Notwithstanding any lesser weight in pounds shown in 
137.26  the above table but subject to the restrictions on gross vehicle 
137.27  weights in paragraph (c), two consecutive sets of tandem axles 
137.28  may carry a gross load of 34,000 pounds each and a combined 
137.29  gross load of 68,000 pounds if the overall distance between the 
137.30  first and last axles of the consecutive sets of tandem axles is 
137.31  36 feet or more. 
137.32     (c) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 169G.81 
137.33  (weighing), the gross vehicle weight of all axles of a vehicle 
137.34  or combination of vehicles shall not exceed: 
137.35     (1) 80,000 pounds for any vehicle or combination of 
137.36  vehicles on all state trunk highways as defined in section 
138.1   160.02, subdivision 2, and for all routes designated under 
138.2   section 169G.53, subdivision 1; and 
138.3      (2) 73,280 pounds for any vehicle or combination of 
138.4   vehicles with five axles or less on all routes, other than state 
138.5   trunk highways and routes that are designated under section 
138.6   169G.53, subdivision 1; and 
138.7      (3) 80,000 pounds for any vehicle or combination of 
138.8   vehicles with six or more axles on all routes, other than state 
138.9   trunk highways and routes that are designated under section 
138.10  169G.53, subdivision 1. 
138.11     (d) The maximum weights specified in this subdivision for 
138.12  five consecutive axles shall not apply to a four axle ready mix 
138.13  concrete truck that was equipped with a fifth axle prior to June 
138.14  1, 1981.  The maximum gross weight on four or fewer consecutive 
138.15  axles of vehicles excepted by this paragraph shall not exceed 
138.16  any maximum weight specified for four or fewer consecutive axles 
138.17  in this subdivision. 
138.18     Subd. 4.  [GROSS WEIGHT SEASONAL INCREASES.] (a) The 
138.19  limitations provided in this section are increased: 
138.20     (1) by ten percent from January 1 to March 7 each winter, 
138.21  statewide; 
138.22     (2) by ten percent from December 1 through December 31 each 
138.23  winter in the zone bounded as follows:  beginning at Pigeon 
138.24  River in the northeast corner of Minnesota; thence in a 
138.25  southwesterly direction along the north shore of Lake Superior 
138.26  along trunk highway No. 61 to the junction with trunk highway 
138.27  No. 210; thence westerly along trunk highway No. 210 to the 
138.28  junction with trunk highway No. 10; thence northwesterly along 
138.29  trunk highway No. 10 to the Minnesota-North Dakota border; 
138.30  thence northerly along that border to the Minnesota-Canadian 
138.31  border; thence easterly along that border to Lake Superior; and 
138.32     (3) by ten percent from the beginning of harvest to 
138.33  November 30 each year for the movement of sugar beets and 
138.34  potatoes within an area having a 75-mile radius from the field 
138.35  of harvest to the point of the first unloading.  The 
138.36  commissioner shall not issue permits under this clause if to do 
139.1   so will result in a loss of federal highway funding to the state.
139.2      (b) The duration of a ten percent increase in load limits 
139.3   is subject to limitation by order of the commissioner, subject 
139.4   to implementation of springtime load restrictions, or March 7. 
139.5      (c) When the ten percent increase is in effect, a permit is 
139.6   required for a motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer 
139.7   combination that has a gross weight exceeding 80,000 pounds, an 
139.8   axle group weight exceeding that prescribed in subdivision 3, or 
139.9   a single axle weight exceeding 20,000 pounds and that travels on 
139.10  interstate routes. 
139.11     (d) In cases where gross weights in an amount less than 
139.12  that set forth in this section are fixed, limited, or restricted 
139.13  on a highway or bridge by or under another section of this 
139.14  chapter, the lesser gross weight as fixed, limited, or 
139.15  restricted may not be exceeded and must control instead of the 
139.16  gross weights set forth in this section. 
139.17     (e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
139.18  subdivision, no vehicle may exceed a total gross vehicle weight 
139.19  of 80,000 pounds on routes that have not been designated by the 
139.20  commissioner under section 169G.53, subdivision 1. 
139.21     (f) The commissioner may, after determining the ability of 
139.22  the highway structure and frost condition to support additional 
139.23  loads, grant a permit extending seasonal increases for vehicles 
139.24  using portions of routes falling within two miles of the 
139.25  southern boundary of the zone described under paragraph (a), 
139.26  clause (2). 
139.27     Subd. 5.  [GROSS WEIGHT REDUCTION ON RESTRICTED 
139.28  ROUTES.] The maximum weight on any single axle, two consecutive 
139.29  axles spaced within eight feet or less, three consecutive axles 
139.30  spaced within nine feet or less, or four consecutive axles 
139.31  spaced within 14 feet or less shall not exceed 18,000 pounds, 
139.32  34,000 pounds, 43,000 pounds, or 51,500 pounds respectively 
139.33  multiplied by a factor of the axle weight in tons allowed on the 
139.34  restricted route divided by nine.  No combination of axle 
139.35  weights shall exceed those weights specified in subdivision 3 
139.36  for nondesignated routes. 
140.1      Subd. 6.  [CONSECUTIVE AXLE WEIGHT AND NUMBER OF AXLES.] No 
140.2   vehicle alone nor any single vehicle of a combination of 
140.3   vehicles shall be equipped with more than four axles unless the 
140.4   additional axles are steering axles or castering axles.  
140.5   However, the limitation on the number of axles as provided in 
140.6   this section shall not apply to any vehicle operated under 
140.7   permit pursuant to section 169G.71.  No vehicle alone nor any 
140.8   single vehicle of a combination of vehicles shall exceed the 
140.9   posted weight limit for a single vehicle. 
140.10     Subd. 7.  [VARIABLE LOAD AXLES.] A vehicle or combination 
140.11  of vehicles equipped with one or more variable load axles shall 
140.12  have the pressure control preset so that the weight carried on 
140.13  the variable load axle may not be varied by the operator during 
140.14  transport of any load.  The actuating control for the axle shall 
140.15  function only as an on and off switch.  The provisions of this 
140.16  subdivision do not apply to any farm truck registered prior to 
140.17  July 1, 1981, under section 168.013, subdivision 1c, for 57,000 
140.18  pounds or less.  This subdivision does not apply to rear-loading 
140.19  refuse compactor vehicles, except that any refuse compactor 
140.20  vehicle having a tridem rear axle must comply with this 
140.21  subdivision before being issued a special permit under section 
140.22  169G.71, subdivision 7, paragraph (h). 
140.23     Subd. 8.  [APPLICATION TO CITY VEHICLES, TRUNK HIGHWAYS.] 
140.24  The provisions of this section do not apply to vehicles operated 
140.25  exclusively in any city in this state that has in effect an 
140.26  ordinance regulating the gross weight of vehicles operated 
140.27  within that city.  This subdivision does not apply to trunk 
140.28  highways. 
140.29     Subd. 9.  [APPLICATION TO TOW TRUCKS.] This section does 
140.30  not apply to a tow truck or towing vehicle when towing a 
140.31  disabled vehicle damaged in such manner that the towed vehicle 
140.32  cannot be towed from the rear and when the movement is temporary 
140.33  for the purpose of taking the disabled vehicle to a place of 
140.34  repair. 
140.35     Subd. 10.  [EXCEPTION FOR FARM AND FOREST PRODUCTS.] The 
140.36  maximum weight provisions of this section do not apply to the 
141.1   first haul of unprocessed or raw farm products and the 
141.2   transportation of raw and unfinished forest products when the 
141.3   prescribed maximum weight limitation is not exceeded by more 
141.4   than ten percent. 
141.5      Sec. 12.  [169G.53] [WEIGHT LIMITATIONS ON DESIGNATED 
141.6   ROUTES.] 
141.7      Subdivision 1.  [DESIGNATION OF ROUTES.] (a) The 
141.8   commissioner may designate any street or highway route or 
141.9   segment of a route to carry the gross weights permitted under 
141.10  section 169G.51.  Any designation of a route pursuant to this 
141.11  subdivision, other than a trunk highway route, is subject to the 
141.12  approval of the local authority having jurisdiction over the 
141.13  route.  A route may not be designated if the commissioner finds 
141.14  that designation 
141.15     (1) creates an undue hazard to traffic safety; or 
141.16     (2) is inconsistent with structural capacity of the route, 
141.17  including consideration of the volume of traffic expected to 
141.18  occur on the route after designation. 
141.19     (b) Notwithstanding any finding under paragraph (a), clause 
141.20  (2), the commissioner shall designate any route that is needed 
141.21  to provide: 
141.22     (1) a connection between significant centers of population 
141.23  or commerce, or between other designated routes; 
141.24     (2) access to a transportation terminal; or 
141.25     (3) temporary emergency service to a particular shipping or 
141.26  receiving point on the route. 
141.27     (c) The commissioner may undesignate any route when 
141.28  continued designation is inconsistent with the provisions of 
141.29  this subdivision, subject to the approval of any local authority 
141.30  having jurisdiction over the route. 
141.31     (d) Any route designation or undesignation shall be 
141.32  effective when adopted.  The commissioner may designate or 
141.33  undesignate any route when requested by any local authority 
141.34  having jurisdiction over the route. 
141.35     Subd. 2.  [RESTRICTIONS ON TRUNK HIGHWAYS; RULES.] (a) The 
141.36  commissioner may impose seasonal load restrictions under section 
142.1   169G.61 on a market artery only after giving 30 days' notice to 
142.2   the chairs of the transportation and appropriations committees 
142.3   of the house of representatives, and the chairs of the 
142.4   transportation and finance committees of the senate.  The 
142.5   commissioner shall provide with each notice a plan to improve 
142.6   the market artery within the next three years so that seasonal 
142.7   load restrictions will not be necessary on it. 
142.8      (c) The commissioner shall adopt rules under chapter 14 
142.9   defining "significant centers of population and commerce" and 
142.10  "temporary emergency service" for purposes of this section. 
142.11     Sec. 13.  [169G.55] [FEDERAL QUALIFYING HIGHWAYS.] 
142.12     The commissioner may not add routes to the system of 
142.13  federal qualifying highways submitted to the federal highway 
142.14  administration in accordance with the Surface Transportation 
142.15  Assistance Act of 1982, United States Code, title 49, section 
142.16  2311, except in compliance with the criteria established by the 
142.17  commissioner for the addition of routes. 
142.18     Sec. 14.  [169G.57] [LOAD LIMIT ON BRIDGES.] 
142.19     Subject to the limitations upon wheel and axle loads 
142.20  prescribed in this chapter, the gross weight of any vehicle or 
142.21  combination of vehicles driven onto or over a bridge on any 
142.22  highway shall not exceed the safe capacity of the bridge, as may 
142.23  be indicated by warning posted on the bridge or the approaches 
142.24  thereto. 
142.25                ROAD AND SEASONAL LOAD RESTRICTIONS 
142.26     Sec. 15.  [169G.61] [ROAD RESTRICTIONS.] 
142.27     Subdivision 1.  [LOCAL AUTHORITY RESTRICTIONS TO PREVENT 
142.28  ROAD DAMAGE.] (a) A local authority, with respect to any highway 
142.29  under its jurisdiction, may prohibit the operation of vehicles 
142.30  upon the highway or impose restrictions as to the weight of 
142.31  vehicles to be operated upon the highway, whenever the highway, 
142.32  by reason of deterioration, rain, snow, or other climatic 
142.33  conditions, will be seriously damaged or destroyed unless the 
142.34  use of vehicles thereon is prohibited or the permissible weights 
142.35  thereof reduced. 
142.36     (b) The local authority enacting the prohibition or 
143.1   restriction shall erect or cause to be erected and maintained 
143.2   signs plainly indicating the prohibition or restriction at each 
143.3   end of that portion of any highway affected thereby, and the 
143.4   prohibition or restriction shall not be effective unless and 
143.5   until the signs are erected and maintained. 
143.6      Subd. 2.  [CITY'S RESTRICTIONS.] A city, with respect to 
143.7   any highway under its jurisdiction, may also, by ordinance, 
143.8   prohibit the operation of trucks or other commercial vehicles, 
143.9   or may impose limitations as to the weight thereof, on a 
143.10  designated highway.  The prohibitions and limitations shall be 
143.11  designated by appropriate signs placed on the highways. 
143.12     Subd. 3.  [COMMISSIONER'S RESTRICTIONS.] The commissioner 
143.13  shall likewise have authority, as hereinabove granted to local 
143.14  authorities, to determine and to impose prohibitions or 
143.15  restrictions as to the weight of vehicles operated upon any 
143.16  highway under the jurisdiction of the commissioner.  The 
143.17  restrictions shall be effective when signs giving notice thereof 
143.18  are erected upon the highway or portion of any highway affected 
143.19  by the action. 
143.20     Subd. 4.  [TRUCK ROUTE.] (a) When a local authority 
143.21  petitions the commissioner to establish a truck route for travel 
143.22  into, through, or out of the territory under its jurisdiction, 
143.23  the commissioner shall investigate the matter.  The commissioner 
143.24  may, by order, designate any highway under the commissioner's 
143.25  jurisdiction as a truck route into, through, or out of the 
143.26  territory if the commissioner determines from investigation that 
143.27  the operation of trucks into, through, or out of the territory 
143.28  involves unusual hazards because of any or all of the following 
143.29  factors: 
143.30     (1) load carried; 
143.31     (2) type of truck used; or 
143.32     (3) topographic or weather conditions. 
143.33     (b) When a highway has been marked as a truck route 
143.34  pursuant to the order, trucks traveling into, through, or out of 
143.35  the territory shall comply with the order. 
143.36     Subd. 5.  [SEASONAL LOAD RESTRICTIONS.] Except for portland 
144.1   cement concrete roads, from March 20 to May 15 of each year, the 
144.2   weight on any single axle shall not exceed five tons on a county 
144.3   or town road that has not been restricted as provided in 
144.4   subdivision 1.  The gross weight on consecutive axles shall not 
144.5   exceed the gross weight allowed in section 169G.51 multiplied by 
144.6   a factor of five divided by nine.  This reduction shall not 
144.7   apply to the gross vehicle weight. 
144.8      Subd. 6.  [SCHOOL BUSES AND HEAD START BUSES.] Weight 
144.9   restrictions imposed pursuant to this section do not apply to a 
144.10  school bus or Head Start bus transporting students, Head Start 
144.11  children, or Head Start parents when the gross weight on a 
144.12  single axle of the school bus or Head Start bus does not exceed 
144.13  14,000 pounds.  However, a road authority may restrict any 
144.14  highway under its jurisdiction to a lesser axle weight by 
144.15  written order to a school board and Head Start grantee 24 hours 
144.16  in advance of required compliance with the reduced axle weight. 
144.17                              PERMITS 
144.18     Sec. 16.  [169G.71] [SPECIAL PERMITS.] 
144.19     Subdivision 1.  [APPLICATION FOR PERMIT.] (a) The 
144.20  commissioner, with respect to highways under the commissioner's 
144.21  jurisdiction, and a local authority, with respect to highways 
144.22  under its jurisdiction, may, in their discretion, upon 
144.23  application in writing and good cause being shown therefor, 
144.24  issue a special permit, in writing, authorizing the applicant to 
144.25  move a vehicle or combination of vehicles of a size or weight of 
144.26  vehicle or load exceeding the maximum specified in this chapter, 
144.27  or otherwise not in conformity with the provisions of this 
144.28  chapter, upon any highway under the jurisdiction of the party 
144.29  granting the permit and for the maintenance of which the party 
144.30  is responsible. 
144.31     (b) A permit relating to an over-width or over-length 
144.32  manufactured home shall not be issued to a person other than a 
144.33  manufactured home dealer or manufacturer for movement of a new 
144.34  unit owned by the manufactured home dealer or manufacturer, 
144.35  until the person has presented a statement from the county 
144.36  auditor and treasurer where the unit is presently located, 
145.1   stating that all personal and real property taxes have been 
145.2   paid.  Upon payment of the most recent single year delinquent 
145.3   personal property or current year taxes only, the county auditor 
145.4   or treasurer must issue a taxes paid statement to a manufactured 
145.5   home dealer or a financial institution desiring to relocate a 
145.6   manufactured home that has been repossessed.  This statement 
145.7   must be dated within 30 days of the contemplated move.  The 
145.8   statement from the county auditor and treasurer where the unit 
145.9   is presently located, stating that all personal and real 
145.10  property taxes have been paid, may be made by telephone.  If the 
145.11  statement is obtained by telephone, the permit shall contain the 
145.12  date and time of the telephone call and the names of the persons 
145.13  in the auditor's office and treasurer's office who verified that 
145.14  all personal and real property taxes had been paid. 
145.15     (c) The commissioner may not grant a permit authorizing the 
145.16  movement, in a three-vehicle combination, of a semitrailer or 
145.17  trailer that exceeds 28-1/2 feet, except that the commissioner 
145.18  may: 
145.19     (1) renew a permit that was granted before April 16, 1984, 
145.20  for the movement of a semitrailer or trailer that exceeds the 
145.21  length limitation in section 169G.51, subdivision 1; or 
145.22     (2) grant a permit authorizing the transportation of empty 
145.23  trailers that exceed 28-1/2 feet when using a B-train hitching 
145.24  mechanism as defined in Code of Federal Regulations, title 23, 
145.25  section 658.5, paragraph (o), from a point of manufacture in the 
145.26  state to the state border. 
145.27     (d) The state as to state trunk highways, a statutory or 
145.28  home rule charter city as to streets in the city, or a town as 
145.29  to roads in the town, may issue permits authorizing the 
145.30  transportation of combinations of vehicles exceeding the 
145.31  limitations in section 169G.41, subdivisions 2 and 3, over 
145.32  highways, streets, or roads within its boundaries.  Combinations 
145.33  of vehicles authorized by this paragraph may be restricted as to 
145.34  the use of state trunk highways by the commissioner, to the use 
145.35  of streets by the city road authority, and to the use of roads 
145.36  by the town road authority.  Nothing in this paragraph or 
146.1   section 169G.41, subdivisions 2 and 3, alters or changes the 
146.2   authority vested in local authorities under section 169A.17. 
146.3      Subd. 2.  [SEASONAL PERMITS FOR CERTAIN HAULERS.] The 
146.4   commissioner, upon application in writing therefor, may issue 
146.5   special permits annually to any hauler authorizing the hauler to 
146.6   move vehicles or combinations of vehicles with weights exceeding 
146.7   by not more than ten percent the weight limitations contained in 
146.8   section 169G.51, on interstate highways during the times and 
146.9   within the zones specified in section 169G.51. 
146.10     Subd. 3.  [REQUIRED INFORMATION.] The application for a 
146.11  permit shall specifically describe in writing the vehicle or 
146.12  vehicles and loads to be moved and the particular highways and 
146.13  period of time for which a permit is requested. 
146.14     Subd. 4.  [DISCRETION TO ISSUE OR WITHHOLD; CONDITIONS OF 
146.15  OPERATION; LIABILITY INSURANCE.] The commissioner or local 
146.16  authority may issue or withhold the permit.  If the permit is 
146.17  issued, the commissioner or local authority may: 
146.18     (a) limit or prescribe conditions of operation of the 
146.19  vehicle or vehicles, when necessary to assure against undue 
146.20  damage to the road foundations, surfaces or structures; 
146.21     (b) require any undertaking or other security deemed 
146.22  necessary to compensate for any injury or damage to any roadway 
146.23  or road structure; and 
146.24     (c) require that the operator or owner of the vehicle or 
146.25  vehicles have in effect with respect to the operation of the 
146.26  vehicle or vehicles a policy of liability insurance or bond 
146.27  affording substantially the same coverage with respect to injury 
146.28  to persons and damage to property as is required for proof of 
146.29  financial responsibility under the No-Fault Automobile Insurance 
146.30  Act, sections 65B.14 and 65B.41 to 65B.71. 
146.31     Subd. 5.  [DENIAL OF PERMIT; MANUFACTURED HOME FRAMES.] The 
146.32  commissioner or local authority may not deny a permit for the 
146.33  transport to a manufacturing plant of manufactured home frames 
146.34  not more than 15-1/2 feet in width during periods of seasonal 
146.35  weight restrictions unless the load exceeds the weight 
146.36  restrictions. 
147.1      Subd. 6.  [DISPLAY AND INSPECTION OF PERMIT.] Every such 
147.2   permit shall be carried in the vehicle or combination of 
147.3   vehicles to which it refers and shall be open to inspection by 
147.4   any peace officer or authorized agent of any authority granting 
147.5   the permit.  No person shall violate any of the terms or 
147.6   conditions of the special permit. 
147.7      Subd. 7.  [FEES.] The commissioner, with respect to 
147.8   highways under the commissioner's jurisdiction, may charge a fee 
147.9   for each permit issued.  All such fees for permits issued by the 
147.10  commissioner shall be deposited in the state treasury and 
147.11  credited to the trunk highway fund.  Except for those annual 
147.12  permits for which the permit fees are specified elsewhere in 
147.13  this chapter, the fees shall be: 
147.14     (a) $15 for each single trip permit. 
147.15     (b) $36 for each job permit.  A job permit may be issued 
147.16  for loads of the same product, weight, and dimension carried on 
147.17  a specific route for a period not to exceed two months. 
147.18     (c) $60 for an annual permit to be issued for a period not 
147.19  to exceed 12 consecutive months.  An annual permit may be issued 
147.20  for: 
147.21     (1) a motor vehicle used to alleviate a temporary crisis 
147.22  adversely affecting the safety or well-being of the public; 
147.23     (2) a motor vehicle that travels on interstate highways and 
147.24  carries loads authorized under subdivision 2; 
147.25     (3) a motor vehicle operating with a gross weight 
147.26  authorized under section 169G.51, subdivision 4, paragraph (a), 
147.27  clause (3); and 
147.28     (4) special pulpwood vehicles described in section 169G.73. 
147.29     (d) $120 for an oversize annual permit to be issued for a 
147.30  period not to exceed 12 consecutive months.  An annual permit 
147.31  may be issued for: 
147.32     (1) a mobile crane; 
147.33     (2) construction equipment, machinery, and supplies; 
147.34     (3) a manufactured home; 
147.35     (4) an implement of husbandry when the movement is not made 
147.36  according to the provisions of paragraph (i); 
148.1      (5) a double-deck bus; or 
148.2      (6) commercial boat hauling. 
148.3      (e) For a vehicle that has axle weight exceeding the weight 
148.4   limitations of section 169G.51, an additional cost added to the 
148.5   fees listed above.  The additional cost is equal to the product 
148.6   of the distance traveled times the sum of the overweight axle 
148.7   group cost factors shown in the following chart.  The amounts 
148.8   added are rounded to the nearest cent for each axle or axle 
148.9   group.  The additional cost does not apply to a vehicle under 
148.10  paragraph (c), clauses (1) and (3).  For a vehicle found to 
148.11  exceed the appropriate maximum permitted weight, a cost-per-mile 
148.12  fee of 22 cents per ton, or fraction of a ton, over the 
148.13  permitted maximum weight is imposed in addition to the normal 
148.14  permit fee.  Miles must be calculated based on the distance 
148.15  already traveled in the state plus the distance from the point 
148.16  of detection to a transportation loading site or unloading site 
148.17  within the state or to the point of exit from the state: 
148.18               Overweight Axle Group Cost Factors 
148.19  Weight (pounds)         Cost Per Mile For Each Group Of:
148.20  exceeding       Two consec-     Three consec-   Four consec-
148.21  weight          utive axles     utive axles     utive axles
148.22  limitations     spaced within   spaced within   spaced within
148.23  on axles        8 feet or less  9 feet or less  14 feet or less 
148.24       0-2,000    .12             .05             .04
148.25   2,001-4,000    .14             .06             .05
148.26   4,001-6,000    .18             .07             .06
148.27   6,001-8,000    .21             .09             .07
148.28   8,001-10,000   .26             .10             .08
148.29  10,001-12,000   .30             .12             .09
148.30  12,001-14,000   Not permitted   .14             .11
148.31  14,001-16,000   Not permitted   .17             .12
148.32  16,001-18,000   Not permitted   .19             .15
148.33  18,001-20,000   Not permitted   Not permitted   .16
148.34  20,001-22,000   Not permitted   Not permitted   .20
148.35     (f) As an alternative to paragraph (e), an annual permit 
148.36  may be issued for overweight, or oversize and overweight, 
149.1   construction equipment, machinery, and supplies.  The fee for 
149.2   the permit is as set forth in the following chart.  If the gross 
149.3   weight of the vehicle is more than 145,000 pounds the permit fee 
149.4   is determined under paragraph (e): 
149.5   Gross Weight (pounds) of Vehicle          Annual Permit Fee
149.6        90,000 or less                             $200
149.7        90,001 - 100,000                           $300
149.8       100,001 - 110,000                           $400
149.9       110,001 - 120,000                           $500
149.10      120,001 - 130,000                           $600
149.11      130,001 - 140,000                           $700
149.12      140,001 - 145,000                           $800
149.13     (g) For a vehicle that exceeds the width limitations set 
149.14  forth in section 169G.13 by more than 72 inches, an additional 
149.15  cost equal to $120 added to the amount in paragraph (a) when the 
149.16  permit is issued while seasonal load restrictions pursuant to 
149.17  section 169G.61 are in effect. 
149.18     (h) $85 for an annual permit to be issued for a period not 
149.19  to exceed 12 months, for a refuse compactor vehicle that carries 
149.20  a gross weight of not more than: 
149.21     (1) 22,000 pounds on a single rear axle; 38,000 pounds on a 
149.22  tandem rear axle; or 
149.23     (2) subject to section 169G.51, subdivision 7, 46,000 
149.24  pounds on a tridem rear axle.  A permit issued for up to 46,000 
149.25  pounds on a tridem rear axle must limit the gross vehicle weight 
149.26  to not more than 62,000 pounds. 
149.27     (i) For a vehicle exclusively transporting implements of 
149.28  husbandry, an annual permit fee of $24.  A vehicle operated 
149.29  under a permit authorized by this paragraph may be moved at the 
149.30  discretion of the permit holder without prior route approval by 
149.31  the commissioner if: 
149.32     (1) the total width of the transporting vehicle, including 
149.33  load, does not exceed 14 feet; 
149.34     (2) the vehicle is operated only between sunrise and 30 
149.35  minutes after sunset, and is not operated at any time after 
149.36  12:00 noon on Sundays or holidays; 
150.1      (3) the vehicle is not operated when visibility is impaired 
150.2   by weather, fog, or other conditions that render persons and 
150.3   other vehicles not clearly visible at 500 feet; 
150.4      (4) the vehicle displays at the front and rear of the load 
150.5   or vehicle a pair of flashing amber lights, as provided in 
150.6   section 169F.29, subdivision 4, whenever the overall width of 
150.7   the vehicle exceeds 126 inches; and 
150.8      (5) the vehicle is not operated on a trunk highway with a 
150.9   surfaced roadway width of less than 24 feet unless such 
150.10  operation is authorized by the permit. 
150.11     (j) A permit under paragraph (i) authorizes movements of 
150.12  the permitted vehicle on an interstate highway, and movements of 
150.13  75 miles or more on other highways. 
150.14     Subd. 8.  [ARTICULATED BUSES.] (a) An articulated bus 
150.15  operated by a public transit operator: 
150.16     (1) may exceed the length and weight limitations of this 
150.17  chapter, subject only to an annual permit from the commissioner 
150.18  for such operation; and 
150.19     (2) shall not be subject to any city ordinance or to any 
150.20  permit from any local road authority. 
150.21     (b) The application for a permit shall contain such 
150.22  information as may be required by the commissioner. 
150.23     Subd. 9.  [AGREEMENTS WITH OTHER STATES.] (a) On behalf of 
150.24  the state of Minnesota, the commissioner may enter into an 
150.25  agreement with authorized representatives of another state, a 
150.26  foreign country, or a state or province thereof, for the 
150.27  reciprocal administration and granting of permits to allow the 
150.28  movement of vehicles of sizes and weights that do not conform to 
150.29  Minnesota law.  The agreement may authorize representatives of 
150.30  another state, a foreign country, or a state or province thereof 
150.31  to issue permits to allow vehicles that do not conform to the 
150.32  size and weight provisions of this chapter to travel on highways 
150.33  under the jurisdiction of the commissioner. 
150.34     (b) An agreement entered into under paragraph (a), and all 
150.35  amendments to it, must be in writing and may provide for 
150.36  exchanging information for audit and enforcement activities, 
151.1   collecting fees established under this chapter, and distributing 
151.2   fees collected under the agreement.  It must state that no 
151.3   permit issued under the agreement excuses a vehicle operator 
151.4   from compliance with a law of this state other than the laws 
151.5   governing size and weight of vehicles. 
151.6      (c) Fees collected under authority of the agreement must be 
151.7   deposited in the Minnesota state treasury and credited to the 
151.8   trunk highway fund. 
151.9      Sec. 17.  [169G.73] [PERMITS FOR WIDE AND HIGH LOADS OF 
151.10  BALED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.] 
151.11     Subdivision 1.  [PERMITS.] (a) The commissioner with 
151.12  respect to highways under the commissioner's jurisdiction, and 
151.13  local authorities with respect to highways under their 
151.14  jurisdiction, may issue an annual permit to enable a vehicle 
151.15  carrying round bales of hay, straw, or cornstalks, with a total 
151.16  outside width of the vehicle or the load not exceeding 11-1/2 
151.17  feet, to be operated on public streets and highways. 
151.18     (b) The commissioner and local authorities may issue an 
151.19  annual permit to enable a vehicle, having a maximum width of 102 
151.20  inches, carrying a first haul of square bales of straw, each 
151.21  bale having a minimum size of four feet by four feet by eight 
151.22  feet, with a total outside width of the load not exceeding 12 
151.23  feet, to be operated on public streets and highways between 
151.24  August 1 and March 1 within 35 miles of the border between this 
151.25  state and the state of North Dakota. 
151.26     (c) The commissioner and local authorities may issue an 
151.27  annual permit to enable a vehicle carrying square bales of hay, 
151.28  each with an outside dimension of not less than three feet by 
151.29  four feet by seven feet, with a total height of the loaded 
151.30  vehicle not exceeding 15 feet, to be operated on those public 
151.31  streets and highways designated in the permit. 
151.32     Subd. 2.  [RESTRICTIONS ON PERMITS.] Permits issued under 
151.33  this section are governed by the applicable provisions of 
151.34  section 169G.71 except as otherwise provided herein and, in 
151.35  addition, carry the following restrictions: 
151.36     (a) The vehicles may not be operated between sunset and 
152.1   sunrise, when visibility is impaired by weather, fog, or other 
152.2   conditions rendering persons and vehicles not clearly visible at 
152.3   a distance of 500 feet, or on Sunday from noon until sunset, or 
152.4   on the days the following holidays are observed:  New Year's 
152.5   Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving 
152.6   Day, and Christmas Day. 
152.7      (b) The vehicles may not be operated on interstate highways.
152.8      (c) The vehicles may not be operated on a trunk highway 
152.9   with a pavement less than 24 feet wide. 
152.10     (d) A vehicle operated under the permit must be equipped 
152.11  with a retractable or removable mirror on the left side so 
152.12  located that it will reflect to the driver a clear view of the 
152.13  highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear of the 
152.14  vehicle. 
152.15     (e) A vehicle operated under the permit must display red, 
152.16  orange, or yellow flags, 18 inches square, as markers at the 
152.17  front and rear and on both sides of the load.  The load must be 
152.18  securely bound to the transporting vehicle. 
152.19     (f) Farm vehicles not for hire carrying round baled hay 
152.20  less than 20 miles are exempt from the requirement to obtain a 
152.21  permit.  All other requirements of this section apply to 
152.22  vehicles transporting round baled hay. 
152.23     (g) The fee for the permit is $24. 
152.24     Sec. 18.  [169G.75] [SPECIAL PULPWOOD VEHICLE PERMIT.] 
152.25     Subdivision 1.  [SPECIAL VEHICLE.] The commissioner may 
152.26  issue a permit for a vehicle that meets the following 
152.27  requirements: 
152.28     (a) There must be no more than two support points for the 
152.29  vehicle or for each vehicle of a vehicle combination.  The 
152.30  support point of each axle group must be capable of distributing 
152.31  the load equally to each axle of the group with a variance of no 
152.32  more than 3,000 pounds between any two axles of the group. 
152.33     (b) The maximum wheel load may not exceed the tire 
152.34  manufacturer's recommended load or the following weight limits, 
152.35  whichever is less: 
152.36     (1) front steering axles, 550 pounds per inch; 
153.1      (2) other single axles, 500 pounds per inch; 
153.2      (3) tandem axles, 450 pounds per inch; and 
153.3      (4) tridem or quad axle groups, 425 pounds per inch. 
153.4      (c) The axle group weights must comply with the limitations 
153.5   of section 169G.51, subdivision 7. 
153.6      (d) The vehicle may not be equipped with a variable load 
153.7   axle, unless the variable load axle cannot be operated from the 
153.8   cab of the vehicle. 
153.9      (e) The vehicle transports pole-length pulpwood, carries a 
153.10  gross vehicle weight of not more than 82,000 pounds, and has six 
153.11  axles. 
153.12     Subd. 2.  [PERMIT RESTRICTIONS.] A vehicle operating under 
153.13  a permit issued under this section may not travel on an 
153.14  interstate highway.  The permit does not authorize the vehicle 
153.15  to exceed allowable gross weights that restrict travel on a 
153.16  highway or bridge under the authority of the commissioner or a 
153.17  local road authority. 
153.18                 ENFORCEMENT OF WEIGHT RESTRICTIONS 
153.19     Sec. 19.  [169G.81] [WEIGHING.] 
153.20     Subdivision 1.  [SUBMITTING TO WEIGHING.] The driver of a 
153.21  vehicle that has been lawfully stopped may be required by a 
153.22  peace officer to submit the vehicle and load to a weighing by 
153.23  means of portable or stationary scales, and the peace officer 
153.24  may require that the vehicle be driven to the nearest available 
153.25  scales if the distance to the scales is no further than five 
153.26  miles, or if the distance from the point where the vehicle is 
153.27  stopped to the vehicle's destination is not increased by more 
153.28  than ten miles as a result of proceeding to the nearest 
153.29  available scales.  Official traffic control devices as 
153.30  authorized by section 169D.07 may be used to direct the driver 
153.31  to the nearest scale.  When a truck weight enforcement operation 
153.32  is conducted by means of portable or stationary scales and signs 
153.33  giving notice of the operation are posted within the highway 
153.34  right-of-way and adjacent to the roadway within two miles of the 
153.35  operation, the driver of a truck or combination of vehicles 
153.36  registered for or weighing more than 12,000 pounds shall proceed 
154.1   to the scale site and submit the vehicle to weighing and 
154.2   inspection. 
154.3      Subd. 2.  [UNLOADING.] Upon weighing a vehicle and load, as 
154.4   provided in this section, an officer may require the driver to 
154.5   stop the vehicle in a suitable place and remain standing until a 
154.6   portion of the load is removed that is sufficient to reduce the 
154.7   gross weight of the vehicle to the limit permitted under section 
154.8   169G.51.  A suitable place is a location where loading or 
154.9   tampering with the load is not prohibited by federal, state, or 
154.10  local law, rule or ordinance.  A driver may be required to 
154.11  unload a vehicle only if the weighing officer determines that: 
154.12     (a) on routes subject to the provisions of section 169G.51, 
154.13  the weight on an axle exceeds the lawful gross weight prescribed 
154.14  by section 169G.51, by 2,000 pounds or more, or the weight on a 
154.15  group of two or more consecutive axles in cases where the 
154.16  distance between the centers of the first and last axles of the 
154.17  group under consideration is ten feet or less exceeds the lawful 
154.18  gross weight prescribed by section 169.825, by 4,000 pounds or 
154.19  more; 
154.20     (b) on routes designated by the commissioner in section 
154.21  169G.53, subdivision 1, the overall weight of the vehicle or the 
154.22  weight on an axle or group of consecutive axles exceeds the 
154.23  maximum lawful gross weights prescribed by section 169G.51; or 
154.24     (c) the weight is unlawful on an axle or group of 
154.25  consecutive axles on a road restricted in accordance with 
154.26  section 169G.61.  Material unloaded must be cared for by the 
154.27  owner or driver of the vehicle at the risk of the owner or 
154.28  driver. 
154.29     Sec. 20.  [169G.815] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR WEIGHING 
154.30  VIOLATION.] 
154.31     A driver of a vehicle is guilty of a second degree 
154.32  misdemeanor if the driver: 
154.33     (a) fails or refuses to stop and submit the vehicle and 
154.34  load to a weighing as required by section 169G.81; or 
154.35     (b) fails or refuses, when directed by an officer upon a 
154.36  weighing of the vehicle, to stop the vehicle and otherwise 
155.1   comply with the provisions of section 169G.81. 
155.2      Sec. 21.  [169G.83] [WEIGHT RECORD RELEVANT EVIDENCE.] 
155.3      A document evidencing the receipt of goods issued by the 
155.4   person consigning the goods for shipment or a person engaged in 
155.5   the business of transporting or forwarding goods, which states a 
155.6   gross weight of the vehicle and load or the weight of the load 
155.7   when combined with the empty weight of the vehicle that exceeds 
155.8   the prescribed maximum weight limitation permitted by this 
155.9   chapter is relevant evidence that the weight of the vehicle and 
155.10  load is unlawful.  For the purposes of this section and sections 
155.11  169G.85 and 169G.87, a document required to be kept under 
155.12  section 169G.85 indicating a unit of measure that, when 
155.13  converted to weight and combined with the weight of the empty 
155.14  vehicle, indicates a gross weight exceeding the prescribed 
155.15  maximum weight limitation permitted by this chapter is relevant 
155.16  evidence that the weight of the vehicle and load is unlawful.  
155.17  The foregoing provisions do not limit the introduction of other 
155.18  competent evidence bearing upon the question of whether or not 
155.19  there is a violation of the prescribed maximum weight 
155.20  limitations permitted by this chapter. 
155.21     Sec. 22.  [169G.85] [RECEIPT OF CERTAIN OVERWEIGHT LOADS.] 
155.22     Subdivision 1.  [RECORDKEEPING.] (a) A person who weighs 
155.23  goods before or after unloading or a person who loads or unloads 
155.24  goods on the basis of liquid volume measure shall keep a written 
155.25  record of: 
155.26     (1) the origin, weight, and composition of each shipment; 
155.27     (2) the date of loading or receipt; 
155.28     (3) the name and address of the shipper; 
155.29     (4) the total number of axles on the vehicle or combination 
155.30  of vehicles; and 
155.31     (5) the license plate number of the power unit or some 
155.32  other means of identification by which the shipment was 
155.33  transported. 
155.34     (b) The record shall be retained for 30 days and shall be 
155.35  open to inspection and copying by a state law enforcement 
155.36  officer or motor transport representative, except state 
156.1   conservation officers, upon demand.  No search warrant is 
156.2   required to inspect or copy the record. 
156.3      (c) This subdivision does not apply to: 
156.4      (1) a person weighing goods who is not involved in the 
156.5   shipping, receiving, and transporting of those goods; or 
156.6      (2) a person weighing raw and unfinished farm products 
156.7   transported in a single unit vehicle with not more than three 
156.8   axles or by a trailer towed by a farm tractor when the 
156.9   transportation is the first haul of the product. 
156.10     Subd. 2.  [EVIDENCE.] Except for records relating to the 
156.11  loading and unloading of the first haul of unprocessed or raw 
156.12  farm products and the transportation of raw and unfinished 
156.13  forest products, a record kept and maintained as provided in 
156.14  subdivision 1 that shows that a vehicle has exceeded a gross 
156.15  weight limit imposed by this chapter is relevant evidence of a 
156.16  violation of this chapter.  The foregoing provisions do not 
156.17  limit the introduction of other competent evidence bearing upon 
156.18  the question of whether or not there is a violation of the 
156.19  prescribed maximum weight limitation permitted by this chapter. 
156.20     Sec. 23.  [169G.855] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR 
156.21  RECORDKEEPING VIOLATION]. 
156.22     A person is guilty of a second degree misdemeanor if the 
156.23  person fails to: 
156.24     (a) keep, maintain, or open for inspection and copying, 
156.25  those documents as required in section 169G.85; or 
156.26     (b) accurately record the information required to be 
156.27  contained in those documents required in section 169G.85. 
156.28     Sec. 24.  [169G.87] [CIVIL PENALTY.] 
156.29     Subdivision 1.  [CIVIL LIABILITY.] (a) The owner or lessee 
156.30  of a vehicle that is operated with a gross weight exceeding a 
156.31  weight limit imposed under this chapter or a shipper who ships 
156.32  or tenders goods for shipment in a single truck or combination 
156.33  vehicle that exceeds a weight limit imposed under this chapter 
156.34  is liable for a civil penalty as follows: 
156.35     (1) if the total gross excess weight is not more than 1,000 
156.36  pounds, one cent per pound for each pound exceeding the legal 
157.1   limit; 
157.2      (2) if the total gross excess weight is more than 1,000 
157.3   pounds but not more than 3,000 pounds, $10 plus five cents per 
157.4   pound for each pound exceeding 1,000 pounds; 
157.5      (3) if the total gross excess weight is more than 3,000 
157.6   pounds but not more than 5,000 pounds, $110 plus ten cents per 
157.7   pound for each pound exceeding 3,000 pounds; 
157.8      (4) if the total gross excess weight is more than 5,000 
157.9   pounds but not more than 7,000 pounds, $310 plus 15 cents per 
157.10  pound for each pound exceeding 5,000 pounds; and 
157.11     (5) if the total gross excess weight is more than 7,000 
157.12  pounds, $610 plus 20 cents per pound for each pound exceeding 
157.13  7,000 pounds. 
157.14     (b) Any penalty imposed upon a defendant under this 
157.15  subdivision shall not exceed the penalty prescribed by this 
157.16  subdivision.  Any fine paid by the defendant in a criminal 
157.17  overweight action that arose from the same overweight violation 
157.18  shall be applied toward payment of the civil penalty under this 
157.19  subdivision.  A peace officer who cites a driver for a violation 
157.20  of the weight limitations established by this chapter shall give 
157.21  written notice to the driver that the driver or another may also 
157.22  be liable for the civil penalties provided herein in the same or 
157.23  separate proceedings. 
157.24     Subd. 2.  [SPECIAL PERMIT VIOLATIONS.] (a) The owner or 
157.25  lessee of a vehicle that is operated with a gross weight 
157.26  exceeding a weight limit imposed by permit under sections 
157.27  169G.71 and 169G.73 and a shipper who ships or tenders goods for 
157.28  shipment in a single truck or combination vehicle that exceeds a 
157.29  weight limit permitted under sections 169G.71 or 169G.73 is 
157.30  liable for a civil penalty at a rate of five cents per pound for 
157.31  each pound exceeding the weight permitted under section 169G.71 
157.32  or 169G.73, or $100, whichever is greater. 
157.33     (b) Any penalty imposed upon a defendant under this 
157.34  subdivision shall not exceed the penalty prescribed by this 
157.35  subdivision.  Any fine paid by the defendant in a criminal 
157.36  overweight action that arose from the same overweight violation 
158.1   may not be applied toward payment of the civil penalty under 
158.2   this subdivision.  A peace officer who cites a driver for a 
158.3   violation of the weight limitations established by permit 
158.4   pursuant to section 169G.71 or 169G.73 shall give written notice 
158.5   to the driver that the driver or another may also be liable for 
158.6   the civil penalty provided in this subdivision in the same or 
158.7   separate proceedings. 
158.8      Subd. 3.  [CIVIL PENALTY FOR FIRST TWO VIOLATIONS.] 
158.9   Notwithstanding subdivision 1, paragraph (a), a civil penalty 
158.10  under subdivision 1 for a violation in a motor vehicle in the 
158.11  course of a first haul of a weight limit imposed under this 
158.12  chapter that is not preceded by two or more violations of the 
158.13  gross weight limits in those sections in that motor vehicle 
158.14  within the previous 12 months, may not exceed $150. 
158.15     Subd. 4.  [TRIALS.] Trials under this section shall be to 
158.16  the court, sitting without a jury.  Trials to the court under 
158.17  this section shall, if possible, be conducted at the same time 
158.18  as pretrial motions or trials in the criminal prosecution under 
158.19  this chapter, if any, subject to the agreement of the defendant. 
158.20     Subd. 5.  [APPEARANCES.] Notwithstanding the provisions of 
158.21  section 8.01, county or city attorneys may appear in civil 
158.22  actions commenced under this section at the request of the 
158.23  attorney general. 
158.24     Subd. 6.  [VENUE.] Civil actions under this section may be 
158.25  commenced in any county in which the vehicle was loaded, 
158.26  unloaded, or operated in violation of subdivision 1 unless there 
158.27  is agreement that the action may be tried in another county. 
158.28     Subd. 7.  [FINES.] Any penalty imposed and fines collected 
158.29  pursuant to this section shall be disposed of as provided in 
158.30  section 299D.03, subdivision 5, with the following exceptions: 
158.31     (a) If the violation occurs in the county, and the county 
158.32  attorney appears in the action, the remaining five-eighths shall 
158.33  be credited to the highway user tax distribution fund. 
158.34     (b) If the violation occurs within the city, and the city 
158.35  attorney appears in the action, the remaining one-third shall be 
158.36  paid to the highway user tax distribution fund. 
159.1      (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d), when the attorney 
159.2   general appears in the action, all penalties imposed and fines 
159.3   collected shall be credited to the highway user tax distribution 
159.4   fund. 
159.5      (d) If the violation occurs in Hennepin county, and the 
159.6   arrest or apprehension is made by the county sheriff, 
159.7   three-eighths of the civil penalty shall be credited to the 
159.8   general revenue fund of the county and the remaining 
159.9   five-eighths shall be credited to the highway user tax 
159.10  distribution fund. 
159.11     Subd. 8.  [COSTS AND DISBURSEMENTS.] The prevailing party 
159.12  in any action commenced under this section shall be entitled to 
159.13  reasonable costs incurred in the action. 
159.14     Subd. 9.  [SHIPPER'S GOOD FAITH EXCEPTION.] (a) The penalty 
159.15  imposed by subdivision 1 shall not be imposed on a shipper who 
159.16  ships goods or tenders goods for shipment in a vehicle that does 
159.17  not exceed the maximum gross weight for which the truck is 
159.18  licensed under section 168.013, subdivision 1e, if: 
159.19     (a) the vehicle is licensed pursuant to section 168.013, 
159.20  subdivision 1e; 
159.21     (b) the operator of the vehicle is not under the control of 
159.22  the shipper; 
159.23     (c) the operator has requested that the vehicle be loaded 
159.24  to the maximum gross weight for which the vehicle is licensed; 
159.25  and 
159.26     (d) the road leading from the shipper's immediate place of 
159.27  shipment may be legally used for the allowed gross weight of the 
159.28  vehicle with its legally maximum load. 
159.29     Sec. 25.  [169G.89] [DAMAGES; LIABILITY.] 
159.30     Subdivision 1.  [ILLEGAL OR OVERWEIGHT OPERATION.] Any 
159.31  person driving any vehicle, object, or contrivance upon any 
159.32  highway or highway structure shall be liable for all damage that 
159.33  the highway or highway structure may sustain as a result of: 
159.34     (a) any illegal operation, driving, or moving of the 
159.35  vehicle, object, or contrivance; or 
159.36     (b) operation, driving, or moving any vehicle, object, or 
160.1   contrivance weighing more than the maximum weight in this 
160.2   chapter but authorized by a special permit issued as provided in 
160.3   this chapter. 
160.4      Subd. 2.  [JOINT LIABILITY.] When the driver is not the 
160.5   owner of the vehicle, object, or contrivance, but is so 
160.6   operating, driving, or moving the same with the express or 
160.7   implied permission of the owner, then the owner and driver shall 
160.8   be jointly and severally liable for any such damage. 
160.9      Subd. 3.  [WILLFUL OR NEGLIGENT DAMAGE.] Any person who by 
160.10  willful acts or failure to exercise due care, damages any road, 
160.11  street, or highway or highway structure shall be liable for the 
160.12  amount thereof. 
160.13     Subd. 4.  [CIVIL ACTION.] Damages under this section may be 
160.14  recovered in a civil action brought by the authorities in 
160.15  control of the highway or highway structure. 
160.16                             ARTICLE 5 
160.17                         PARKING AND TOWING  
160.18             STOPPING, STANDING, AND PARKING GENERALLY  
160.19     Section 1.  [169H.11] [STOPPING, STANDING, AND PARKING 
160.20  OUTSIDE BUSINESS OR RESIDENCE DISTRICT.] 
160.21     Subdivision 1.  [UNLAWFUL ACTS.] Except as provided in 
160.22  subdivision 2, upon any highway outside of a business or 
160.23  residence district: 
160.24     (a) no person shall stop, park, or leave standing any 
160.25  vehicle, whether attended or unattended, upon the paved, 
160.26  improved, or main traveled part of any highway when it is 
160.27  practical to stop, park, or so leave the vehicle off that part 
160.28  of the highway; 
160.29     (b) a clear and unobstructed width of at least 20 feet of 
160.30  the part of the highway opposite the standing vehicle shall be 
160.31  left for the free passage of other vehicles; and 
160.32     (c) a clear view of the stopped vehicle shall be available 
160.33  from a distance of 200 feet in each direction upon the highway. 
160.34     Subd. 2.  [EXCEPTIONS.] This section does not apply to the 
160.35  driver of: 
160.36     (a) any vehicle that is disabled while on the paved, 
161.1   improved, or main traveled portion of a highway in such a manner 
161.2   and to such extent that it is impossible to avoid stopping and 
161.3   temporarily leaving the disabled vehicle in that position; or 
161.4      (b) a school bus stopped for the purpose of receiving or 
161.5   discharging any school child, if the school bus is: 
161.6      (1) equipped and identified as provided in sections 169E.05 
161.7   and 169E.07, subdivision 1; and 
161.8      (2) displaying the flashing red lamps and stop arm required 
161.9   therein. 
161.10     Sec. 2.  [169H.13] [PEACE OFFICER MAY MOVE VEHICLE.] 
161.11     Subdivision 1.  [VEHICLE IMPROPERLY PARKED OUTSIDE BUSINESS 
161.12  OR RESIDENCE DISTRICT.] When any peace officer finds a vehicle 
161.13  standing upon a highway in violation of any of the provisions of 
161.14  section 169H.11, the officer may move the vehicle, or require 
161.15  the driver or other person in charge of the vehicle to move the 
161.16  vehicle, to a position off the paved, improved, or main traveled 
161.17  part of the highway. 
161.18     Subd. 2.  [VEHICLE OBSTRUCTING TRAFFIC.] When any peace 
161.19  officer finds a vehicle unattended upon any street or highway, 
161.20  upon any bridge or causeway, or in any tunnel where the vehicle 
161.21  constitutes an obstruction to traffic, the officer may provide 
161.22  for the removal of the vehicle and remove the same to the 
161.23  nearest convenient garage or other place of safety. 
161.24     Sec. 3.  [169H.15] [PROHIBITIONS; STOPPING, PARKING.] 
161.25     Subdivision 1.  [STOPPING, STANDING, OR PARKING.] No person 
161.26  shall stop, stand, or park a vehicle, except when necessary to 
161.27  avoid conflict with other traffic or in compliance with the 
161.28  directions of a peace officer or traffic-control device, in any 
161.29  of the following places: 
161.30     (a) on a sidewalk; 
161.31     (b) in front of a public or private driveway; 
161.32     (c) within an intersection; 
161.33     (d) within ten feet of a fire hydrant; 
161.34     (e) on a crosswalk; 
161.35     (f) within 20 feet of a crosswalk at an intersection; 
161.36     (g) within 30 feet upon the approach to any flashing 
162.1   beacon, stop sign, or traffic-control signal located at the side 
162.2   of a roadway; 
162.3      (h) between a safety zone and the adjacent curb or within 
162.4   30 feet of points on the curb immediately opposite the ends of a 
162.5   safety zone, unless a different length is indicated by signs or 
162.6   markings; 
162.7      (i) within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad 
162.8   crossing; 
162.9      (j) within 20 feet of the driveway entrance to any fire 
162.10  station and on the side of a street opposite the entrance to any 
162.11  fire station within 75 feet of the entrance when properly 
162.12  signposted; 
162.13     (k) alongside or opposite any street excavation or 
162.14  obstruction when the stopping, standing, or parking would 
162.15  obstruct traffic; 
162.16     (l) on the roadway side of any vehicle stopped or parked at 
162.17  the edge or curb of a street; 
162.18     (m) upon any bridge or other elevated structure upon a 
162.19  highway or within a highway tunnel, except as otherwise provided 
162.20  by ordinance; or 
162.21     (n) at any place where official signs prohibit stopping. 
162.22     Subd. 2.  [MOVING VEHICLE TO PROHIBITED AREA.] No person 
162.23  shall move a vehicle not owned by the person into any prohibited 
162.24  area or away from a curb such distance as is unlawful. 
162.25     Subd. 3.  [CAMPING.] No person shall, for camping purposes, 
162.26  leave or park a travel trailer on or within the limits of any 
162.27  highway or on any highway right-of-way, except where signs are 
162.28  erected designating the place as a campsite. 
162.29     Subd. 4.  [PEACE OFFICER DIRECTION.] No person shall stop 
162.30  or park a vehicle on a street or highway when directed or 
162.31  ordered to proceed by any peace officer invested by law with 
162.32  authority to direct, control, or regulate traffic. 
162.33     Sec. 4.  [169H.17] [GOOD SAMARITAN; EXCEPTION TO STOPPING 
162.34  AND PARKING PROHIBITIONS.] 
162.35     Subdivision 1.  [AIDING OTHER MOTORIST.] A person who stops 
162.36  or parks that person's motor vehicle on any highway or street 
163.1   for the sole purpose of aiding another motorist who signals for 
163.2   assistance by raising the hood of the vehicle or displaying a 
163.3   flag, flare, or similar signal is not in violation of any law, 
163.4   ordinance, or rule prohibiting the stopping or parking of a 
163.5   motor vehicle, and no peace officer shall issue a traffic ticket 
163.6   therefor if: 
163.7      (a) the motorist in distress is not already being given aid 
163.8   or assistance; 
163.9      (b) the person takes reasonable safety precautions in 
163.10  stopping and parking the vehicle, and conforms with other laws 
163.11  regulating the stopping and parking of vehicles; 
163.12     (c) the person is not in violation of traffic laws or rules 
163.13  other than the prohibition against stopping and parking; and 
163.14     (d) the person promptly leaves the scene if directed to 
163.15  leave by a peace officer. 
163.16     Subd. 2.  [UNATTENDED VEHICLE.] This section does not apply 
163.17  to any person who stops or parks a vehicle next to an unattended 
163.18  vehicle. 
163.19                  PARKING FOR PHYSICALLY DISABLED  
163.20     Sec. 5.  [169H.21] [PARKING PRIVILEGES FOR PHYSICALLY 
163.21  DISABLED.] 
163.22     Subdivision 1.  [SCOPE OF PRIVILEGE.] (a) If a physically 
163.23  disabled person parks a vehicle displaying a certificate issued 
163.24  under subdivision 3, license plates described in section 
163.25  168.021, or a temporary permit valid for 30 days and issued to 
163.26  an eligible person awaiting receipt of the license plates 
163.27  described in that section, or a person parks the vehicle for a 
163.28  physically disabled person, the person may park the vehicle as 
163.29  follows: 
163.30     (1) in a designated parking space for disabled persons, as 
163.31  provided in section 169H.23; and 
163.32     (2) in a metered parking space without obligation to pay 
163.33  the meter fee and without time restrictions unless time 
163.34  restrictions are separately posted on official signs. 
163.35     (b) For purposes of this subdivision, a certificate is 
163.36  prominently displayed if it is displayed so that it may be 
164.1   viewed from the front and rear of the vehicle by hanging it from 
164.2   the rearview mirror attached to the front windshield of the 
164.3   vehicle.  If there is no rearview mirror or if the certificate 
164.4   holder's disability precludes placing the certificate on the 
164.5   mirror, the placard must be displayed on the dashboard on the 
164.6   driver's side of the vehicle.  No part of the certificate may be 
164.7   obscured. 
164.8      (c) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), this section does not 
164.9   permit parking in: 
164.10     (1) areas prohibited by sections 169H.11 and 169H.13; 
164.11     (2) designated no parking spaces; or 
164.12     (3) parking spaces reserved for specified purposes or 
164.13  vehicles. 
164.14     (d) A local governmental unit may, by ordinance, prohibit 
164.15  parking on any street or highway to create a fire lane, or to 
164.16  accommodate heavy traffic during morning and afternoon rush 
164.17  hours, and these ordinances also apply to physically disabled 
164.18  persons. 
164.19     Subd. 2.  [PHYSICIAN'S OR CHIROPRACTOR'S STATEMENT.] (a) 
164.20  The commissioner shall develop a form for the physician's or 
164.21  chiropractor's statement.  The statement must be signed by a 
164.22  licensed physician or chiropractor who certifies that the 
164.23  applicant is a physically disabled person.  The commissioner may 
164.24  request additional information from the physician or 
164.25  chiropractor if needed to verify the applicant's eligibility.  
164.26  The statement that the applicant is a physically disabled person 
164.27  must specify whether the disability is permanent or temporary, 
164.28  and if temporary, the opinion of the physician or chiropractor 
164.29  as to the duration of the disability. 
164.30     (b) It is unlawful for a physician or chiropractor to 
164.31  fraudulently certify to the commissioner that a person is a 
164.32  physically disabled person, and that the person is entitled to 
164.33  the license plates authorized by section 168.021 or to the 
164.34  certificate authorized by this section. 
164.35     (c) The commissioner may waive the requirement of providing 
164.36  a statement of a licensed physician or chiropractor, if the 
165.1   applicant has previously filed with the commissioner a statement 
165.2   of a licensed physician or chiropractor certifying that the 
165.3   applicant has a permanent physical disability. 
165.4      Subd. 3.  [IDENTIFYING CERTIFICATE.] (a) The division of 
165.5   driver and vehicle services in the department of public safety 
165.6   shall issue: 
165.7      (1) immediately, a temporary permit valid for 30 days, if 
165.8   the person is eligible for the certificate issued under this 
165.9   paragraph; and 
165.10     (2) a special identifying certificate for a motor vehicle 
165.11  when a physically disabled applicant submits proof of physical 
165.12  disability under subdivision 2.  The commissioner shall design 
165.13  separate certificates for persons with permanent and temporary 
165.14  disabilities that can be readily distinguished from each other 
165.15  from outside a vehicle at a distance of 25 feet.  The 
165.16  certificate is valid: 
165.17     (i) for six years, if the disability is specified in the 
165.18  physician's or chiropractor's statement as permanent; and 
165.19     (ii) for a period not to exceed six months, if the 
165.20  disability is specified as temporary. 
165.21     (b) When the commissioner is satisfied that a motor vehicle 
165.22  is used primarily for the purpose of transporting physically 
165.23  disabled persons, the division may issue without charge: 
165.24     (1) immediately, a temporary permit valid for 30 days, if 
165.25  the operator is eligible for the certificate issued under this 
165.26  paragraph; and 
165.27     (2) a special identifying certificate for the vehicle.  The 
165.28  operator of a vehicle displaying the certificate or temporary 
165.29  permit has the parking privileges provided in subdivision 1 
165.30  while the vehicle is in use for transporting physically disabled 
165.31  persons.  The certificate issued to a person transporting 
165.32  physically disabled persons must be renewed every third year.  
165.33  On application and renewal, the person must present evidence 
165.34  that the vehicle continues to be used for transporting 
165.35  physically disabled persons. 
165.36     (c) A certificate must be made of plastic or similar 
166.1   durable material and must bear its expiration date prominently 
166.2   on both sides.  A certificate issued prior to January 1, 1994, 
166.3   must bear its expiration date prominently on its face and will 
166.4   remain valid until that date or December 31, 2000, whichever 
166.5   comes first.  A certificate issued to a temporarily disabled 
166.6   person must display the date of expiration of the duration of 
166.7   the disability, as determined under paragraph (a).  Each 
166.8   applicant must be provided a summary of the parking privileges 
166.9   and restrictions that apply to each vehicle for which the 
166.10  certificate is used.  The commissioner may charge a fee of $5 
166.11  for issuance or renewal of a certificate or temporary permit, 
166.12  and a fee of $5 for a duplicate to replace a lost, stolen, or 
166.13  damaged certificate or temporary permit.  The commissioner shall 
166.14  not charge a fee for issuing a certificate to a person who has 
166.15  paid a fee for issuance of a temporary permit. 
166.16     Subd. 4.  [UNAUTHORIZED USE OF CERTIFICATE; REVOCATION.] If 
166.17  a peace officer or authorized agent of the citizen enforcement 
166.18  program finds that the certificate or temporary permit is being 
166.19  improperly used, the officer or agent shall report the violation 
166.20  to the division of driver and vehicle services in the department 
166.21  of public safety and the commissioner may revoke the certificate 
166.22  or temporary permit.  It is unlawful to use the certificate or 
166.23  temporary permit in violation of this section. 
166.24     Subd. 5.  [UNAUTHORIZED USE OF SPECIAL PLATES.] (a) It is 
166.25  unlawful for any person to use the plates or temporary permit 
166.26  provided under section 168.021 on a motor vehicle in violation 
166.27  of this section.  This subdivision does not preclude a person 
166.28  who is not physically disabled from operating a vehicle bearing 
166.29  the plates or temporary permit if the person: 
166.30     (1) is the owner of the vehicle and permits its operation 
166.31  by a physically disabled person; 
166.32     (2) operates the vehicle with the consent of the owner who 
166.33  is physically disabled; or 
166.34     (3) is the owner of the vehicle, is the custodial parent or 
166.35  guardian of a permanently physically disabled minor, and 
166.36  operates the vehicle to transport the minor. 
167.1      (b) A driver who is not disabled is not entitled to the 
167.2   parking privileges provided in this section and section 169H.23 
167.3   unless parking the vehicle for a physically disabled person. 
167.4      Sec. 6.  [169H.215] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR DISABILITY 
167.5   CERTIFICATE VIOLATION.] 
167.6      A physician or chiropractor who violates section 169H.21, 
167.7   subdivision 2, paragraph (b), is guilty of a third degree 
167.8   misdemeanor.  
167.9      Sec. 7.  [169H.217] [INFRACTION DISABILITY CERTIFICATE 
167.10  VIOLATION.] 
167.11     Whoever violates section 169H.21, subdivision 5, is guilty 
167.12  of an infraction.  
167.13     Sec. 8.  [169H.23] [DISABLED SPACE; IMPROPER PARKING; 
167.14  OBSTRUCTION.] 
167.15     Subdivision 1.  [PARKING CRITERIA.] A person shall not: 
167.16     (a) park a motor vehicle in or obstruct access to a parking 
167.17  space designated and reserved for the physically disabled, on 
167.18  either private or public property; 
167.19     (b) park a motor vehicle in or obstruct access to an area 
167.20  designated by a local governmental unit as a transfer zone for 
167.21  disabled persons; 
167.22     (c) exercise the parking privilege provided in section 
167.23  169H.21, unless: 
167.24     (1) the person is a physically disabled person or the 
167.25  person is transporting or parking a vehicle for a physically 
167.26  disabled person; and 
167.27     (2) the vehicle visibly displays one of the following: 
167.28     (i) a license plate issued under section 168.021; 
167.29     (ii) a certificate issued under section 169H.21; 
167.30     (iii) a temporary permit valid for 30 days issued under 
167.31  section 168.021 or 169H.21; or 
167.32     (iv) an equivalent certificate, insignia, or license plate 
167.33  issued by another state, a foreign country, or one of its 
167.34  political subdivisions; or 
167.35     (d) park a motor vehicle in an area used as a regular route 
167.36  transit stopping point where a transit vehicle that is 
168.1   accessible to the physically disabled regularly stops and a sign 
168.2   that bears the international symbol of access in white on blue 
168.3   is posted.  A sign posted under this paragraph may display other 
168.4   information relating to the regular route transit service.  For 
168.5   purposes of this paragraph, an area used as a regular route 
168.6   transit stopping point consists of the 80 feet immediately 
168.7   preceding the sign described in this paragraph. 
168.8      Subd. 2.  [EXCEPTION.] A physically disabled person, or a 
168.9   person parking a vehicle for a disabled person, who is charged 
168.10  with violating subdivision 1 because the person parked in a 
168.11  parking space for physically disabled persons without the 
168.12  required certificate, license plates, or temporary permit shall 
168.13  not be convicted if the person: 
168.14     (a) produces at any time before conviction the required 
168.15  certificate, temporary permit, or evidence that the person has 
168.16  been issued license plates under section 168.021; and 
168.17     (b) demonstrates entitlement to the certificate, plates, or 
168.18  temporary permit at the time of arrest or tagging. 
168.19     Subd. 3.  [SIGNS; PARKING SPACES FREE OF OBSTRUCTIONS.] (a) 
168.20  Parking spaces reserved for physically disabled persons must be 
168.21  designated and identified by the posting of signs incorporating 
168.22  the international symbol of access in white on blue and 
168.23  indicating that violators are subject to a fine of up to $500. 
168.24  These parking spaces are reserved for disabled persons with 
168.25  vehicles displaying the required certificate, license plates, 
168.26  temporary permit valid for 30 days, or insignia.  Signs sold 
168.27  after August 1, 1991, must conform to the design requirements in 
168.28  this paragraph.  For purposes of this subdivision, a parking 
168.29  space that is clearly identified as reserved for physically 
168.30  disabled persons by a permanently posted sign that does not meet 
168.31  all design standards, is considered designated and reserved for 
168.32  physically disabled persons.  A sign posted for the purpose of 
168.33  this section must be visible from inside a vehicle parked in the 
168.34  space, be kept clear of snow or other obstructions that block 
168.35  its visibility, and be nonmovable or only movable by authorized 
168.36  persons. 
169.1      (b) The owner or manager of the property on which the 
169.2   designated parking space is located shall ensure that the space 
169.3   is kept free of obstruction.  It is unlawful for an owner or 
169.4   manager to allow the space to be blocked by snow, merchandise, 
169.5   or similar obstructions for 24 hours after receiving a warning 
169.6   from a peace officer. 
169.7      Subd. 4.  [ENFORCEMENT.] A person who violates subdivision 
169.8   1 shall be fined not less than $100 or more than $200.  This 
169.9   section shall be enforced in the same manner as parking 
169.10  ordinances or regulations in the governmental subdivision in 
169.11  which the violation occurs.  Law enforcement officers have the 
169.12  authority to tag vehicles parked on either private or public 
169.13  property in violation of subdivision 1. 
169.14     Subd. 5.  [LOCAL ORDINANCE; CITIZEN ENFORCEMENT PROGRAM.] A 
169.15  statutory or home rule charter city may, by ordinance, establish 
169.16  a program to enforce the parking restrictions of this section or 
169.17  any similar local ordinance, relating to parking spaces for the 
169.18  physically disabled, by using citizen volunteers to issue 
169.19  citations to violators.  The ordinance shall contain a process 
169.20  for training program participants in the requirements of the 
169.21  law, the method of issuing citations, and other related matters. 
169.22  Program participants who satisfy the training requirements of 
169.23  the ordinance are authorized to issue citations for violations 
169.24  of this section and are exempt from any other training or 
169.25  licensure requirements imposed on law enforcement officers by 
169.26  chapter 626. 
169.27                      OTHER PARKING PROVISIONS 
169.28     Sec. 9.  [169H.31] [PARKING PARALLEL TO CURB OR ROADWAY.] 
169.29     Subdivision 1.  [PARALLEL TO CURB.] (a) Except as provided 
169.30  in paragraph (b), each vehicle stopped or parked upon a two-way 
169.31  roadway where there is an adjacent curb shall be so stopped or 
169.32  parked with the right-hand wheels of the vehicle parallel with 
169.33  and within 12 inches of the right-hand curb. 
169.34     (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply to: 
169.35     (1) a roadway other than a trunk highway where angle 
169.36  parking is permitted by local ordinance; or 
170.1      (2) a state trunk highway where angle parking is permitted 
170.2   by local ordinance with the commissioner's approval. 
170.3      Subd. 2.  [WHERE NO CURB.] Upon streets and highways not 
170.4   having a curb each vehicle stopped or parked shall be stopped or 
170.5   parked parallel with and to the right of the paved or improved 
170.6   or main traveled part of the street or highway. 
170.7      Subd. 3.  [ONE-WAY ROADWAY.] Local authorities with respect 
170.8   to streets and highways under their jurisdiction and with the 
170.9   commissioner's consent with respect to state trunk highways may 
170.10  by ordinance permit parking of vehicles with the left hand 
170.11  wheels adjacent to and within 12 inches of the left hand curb of 
170.12  a one-way roadway. 
170.13     Sec. 10.  [169H.33] [SETTING BRAKES AND TURNING FRONT 
170.14  WHEELS.] 
170.15     No person driving or in charge of a motor vehicle shall 
170.16  permit it to stand unattended without: 
170.17     (a) effectively setting the brake thereon; and 
170.18     (b) turning the front wheels to the curb or side of the 
170.19  highway. 
170.20                               TOWING  
170.21     Sec. 11.  [169H.41] [TOWING AUTHORIZED.] 
170.22     Subdivision 1.  [TOWING ORDER REQUIRED.] A towing authority 
170.23  may not tow a motor vehicle from public property unless a peace 
170.24  officer or parking enforcement officer has prepared, in addition 
170.25  to the parking citation, a written towing report describing the 
170.26  motor vehicle and the reasons for towing.  The report must be 
170.27  signed by the officer and the tow driver. 
170.28     Subd. 2.  [FOUR-HOUR WAITING PERIOD.] In enforcing state 
170.29  and local parking and traffic laws, a towing authority may not 
170.30  tow, or allow or require the towing of, a motor vehicle from 
170.31  public property for a parking or traffic violation until four 
170.32  hours after issuance of the traffic ticket or citation, except 
170.33  as provided in this section or as provided for an unauthorized 
170.34  vehicle in section 168B.04. 
170.35     Subd. 3.  [TOWING ALLOWED.] A towing authority may tow a 
170.36  motor vehicle without regard to the four-hour waiting period if: 
171.1      (a) the vehicle is parked in violation of snow emergency 
171.2   regulations; 
171.3      (b) the vehicle is parked in a rush-hour restricted parking 
171.4   area; 
171.5      (c) the vehicle is blocking a driveway, alley, or fire 
171.6   hydrant; 
171.7      (d) the vehicle is parked in a bus lane, or at a bus stop, 
171.8   during hours when parking is prohibited; 
171.9      (e) the vehicle is parked within 30 feet of a stop sign and 
171.10  visually blocking the stop sign; 
171.11     (f) the vehicle is parked in a handicap transfer zone or 
171.12  handicapped parking space without a handicapped parking 
171.13  certificate or handicapped license plates; 
171.14     (g) the vehicle is parked in an area that has been posted 
171.15  for temporary restricted parking: 
171.16     (1) at least 12 hours in advance in a home rule charter or 
171.17  statutory city having a population under 50,000; or 
171.18     (2) at least 24 hours in advance in another political 
171.19  subdivision; 
171.20     (h) the vehicle is parked within the right-of-way of a 
171.21  controlled access highway or within the traveled portion of a 
171.22  public street when travel is allowed there; 
171.23     (i) the vehicle is unlawfully parked in a zone that is 
171.24  restricted by posted signs to use by fire, police, public 
171.25  safety, or emergency vehicles; 
171.26     (j) the vehicle is unlawfully parked on property at the 
171.27  Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport owned by the 
171.28  metropolitan airports commission; 
171.29     (k) a peace officer has probable cause to believe that the 
171.30  vehicle is stolen, or that the vehicle constitutes or contains 
171.31  evidence of a crime and impoundment is reasonably necessary to 
171.32  obtain or preserve the evidence; 
171.33     (l) the driver, operator, or person in physical control of 
171.34  the vehicle is taken into custody and the vehicle is impounded 
171.35  for safekeeping; 
171.36     (m) a peace officer has probable cause to believe that the 
172.1   owner, operator, or person in physical control of the vehicle 
172.2   has failed to respond to five or more citations for parking or 
172.3   traffic offenses; 
172.4      (n) the vehicle is unlawfully parked in a zone that is 
172.5   restricted by posted signs to use by taxicabs; 
172.6      (o) the vehicle is unlawfully parked and prevents egress by 
172.7   a lawfully parked vehicle; 
172.8      (p) the vehicle is parked, on a school day during 
172.9   prohibited hours, in a school zone on a public street where 
172.10  official signs prohibit parking; or 
172.11     (q) the vehicle is a junk, abandoned, or unauthorized 
172.12  vehicle, as defined in section 168B.011, and subject to 
172.13  immediate removal under chapter 168B. 
172.14     Subd. 4.  [TOWING PROHIBITED.] Unless the vehicle is 
172.15  described in subdivision 3, a towing authority may not tow a 
172.16  motor vehicle because: 
172.17     (a) the vehicle has expired license plate tabs that have 
172.18  been expired for less than 90 days; or 
172.19     (b) the vehicle is at a parking meter on which the time has 
172.20  expired and the vehicle has fewer than five unpaid parking 
172.21  tickets. 
172.22     Subd. 5.  [PRIVATE PROPERTY.] This section does not 
172.23  restrict the authority of the owner of private property to 
172.24  authorize under chapter 168B the towing of a motor vehicle 
172.25  unlawfully parked on the private property. 
172.26     Subd. 6.  [DAMAGES.] The owner or driver of a motor vehicle 
172.27  towed in violation of this section is entitled to recover from 
172.28  the towing authority the greater of $100 or two times the actual 
172.29  damages sustained as a result of the violation.  Damages 
172.30  recoverable under this subdivision include but are not limited 
172.31  to costs of recovering the vehicle, including time spent and 
172.32  transportation costs. 
172.33     Sec. 12.  [169H.43] [TOWING; NOTICE TO VICTIM OF VEHICLE 
172.34  THEFT.] 
172.35     Subdivision 1.  [NOTIFICATION.] A law enforcement agency 
172.36  shall make a reasonable and good-faith effort to notify the 
173.1   victim of a reported vehicle theft within 48 hours after the 
173.2   agency recovers the vehicle.  The notice must specify when the 
173.3   agency expects to release the vehicle to the owner and how the 
173.4   owner may pick up the vehicle. 
173.5      Subd. 2.  [CITATION DISMISSAL.] A traffic violation 
173.6   citation given to the owner of the vehicle as a result of the 
173.7   vehicle theft must be dismissed if the owner presents, by mail 
173.8   or in person, a police report or other verification that the 
173.9   vehicle was stolen at the time of the violation. 
173.10                             ARTICLE 6 
173.11                         VEHICLE INSURANCE  
173.12                         FAILURE TO INSURE 
173.13     Section 1.  [169I.11] [FAILURE TO INSURE.] 
173.14     Subdivision 1.  [OWNER OPERATING OR PERMITTING OPERATION 
173.15  WITHOUT INSURANCE.] An owner of a vehicle with respect to which 
173.16  insurance is required under sections 65B.41 to 65B.71 who 
173.17  operates the vehicle or permits it to be operated upon a highway 
173.18  and who knows or has reason to know that the vehicle does not 
173.19  have insurance shall be sentenced as provided in sections 
173.20  169I.113 to 169I.119. 
173.21     Subd. 2.  [NONDRIVER OWNER REQUIRED TO PROVIDE PROOF OF 
173.22  INSURANCE.] (a) If a vehicle is being operated upon a highway by 
173.23  a person who is not the owner of the vehicle and the driver is 
173.24  not able to provide proof of insurance when requested by a peace 
173.25  officer, the officer may send or provide a notice to the owner 
173.26  of the vehicle requiring the owner to provide proof of insurance 
173.27  covering the vehicle at the time of the officer's request to the 
173.28  driver. 
173.29     (b) A law enforcement agency shall utilize the following 
173.30  procedure for requesting proof of insurance from the nondriver 
173.31  owner: 
173.32     (1) A peace officer may send or provide the owner a notice 
173.33  requiring the owner to produce proof that the vehicle was 
173.34  insured at the time a peace officer requested a driver of the 
173.35  vehicle to produce proof of insurance.  Notice by mail shall be 
173.36  sent to the owner's current address or the address listed on the 
174.1   owner's driver's license and is presumed to be received five 
174.2   days after mailing. 
174.3      (2) Within ten days after receiving the notice, the owner 
174.4   shall produce the required proof of insurance to the place 
174.5   stated in the notice.  The owner may send the required proof of 
174.6   insurance by mail as long as the peace officer receives it 
174.7   within ten days. 
174.8      (c) An owner who fails to provide proof of insurance within 
174.9   ten days after an officer's request under this subdivision is 
174.10  guilty of an offense, except as provided in paragraph (e), and 
174.11  shall be sentenced as provided in sections 169I.115 to 169I.119. 
174.12     (d) It is an affirmative defense for the owner that the 
174.13  driver used the owner's vehicle without consent, if insurance 
174.14  would not have been required absent the driver's unauthorized 
174.15  use.  It is not a defense that a person failed to notify the 
174.16  department of public safety of a change of name or address as 
174.17  required under section 169J.25.  
174.18     (e) The owner is not in violation of this section if, by 
174.19  the date and time specified in the citation for the owner s 
174.20  first court appearance, the owner provides to the court 
174.21  administrator proof that the vehicle was insured at the time of 
174.22  the officer's request.  The owner may send the required proof of 
174.23  insurance by mail as long as the court administrator receives it 
174.24  no later than the date and time specified in the citation for 
174.25  the owner's first court appearance.  If a citation is issued, no 
174.26  person shall be convicted of violating this section if the court 
174.27  administrator receives the required proof of insurance no later 
174.28  than the date and time specified in the citation for the owner's 
174.29  first court appearance.  If the charge is made other than by 
174.30  citation, no person shall be convicted of violating this section 
174.31  if the person presents the required proof of insurance at the 
174.32  person's first court appearance after the charge is made. 
174.33     Subd. 3.  [NONOWNER DRIVER WITHOUT INSURANCE.] A person, 
174.34  other than an owner, who operates a vehicle with respect to 
174.35  which insurance is required under sections 65B.41 to 65B.71 upon 
174.36  a highway who knows or has reason to know that the owner does 
175.1   not have insurance complying with section 65B.48 shall be 
175.2   sentenced as provided in sections 169I.113 to 169I.119. 
175.3      Subd. 4.  [DRIVER, WHETHER OR NOT OWNER, REQUIRED TO 
175.4   PROVIDE PROOF OF INSURANCE.] (a) Every driver shall have in 
175.5   possession at all times when operating a vehicle and shall 
175.6   produce at the request of a peace officer proof that the vehicle 
175.7   is insured at the time of the request.  If the driver does not 
175.8   produce the required proof of insurance when requested by the 
175.9   officer, the driver is guilty of an offense, except as provided 
175.10  in paragraph (b) or (c), and shall be sentenced as provided in 
175.11  sections 169I.113 to 169I.119. 
175.12     (b) A driver who is not the owner of the vehicle may not be 
175.13  convicted under this section unless the driver knew or had 
175.14  reason to know that the owner did not have proof of insurance 
175.15  required by this section, provided that the driver provides the 
175.16  officer with the owner's name and address at the time of the 
175.17  demand or complies with subdivision 5. 
175.18     (c) A driver who is the owner of the vehicle may, no later 
175.19  than the date and time specified in the citation for the 
175.20  driver's first court appearance, provide to the court 
175.21  administrator proof that the vehicle was insured at the time of 
175.22  the officer's request.  The driver may send the required proof 
175.23  of insurance by mail as long as the court administrator receives 
175.24  it no later than the date and time specified in the citation for 
175.25  the driver's first court appearance.  If a citation is issued, 
175.26  no person shall be convicted of violating this section if the 
175.27  court administrator receives the required proof of insurance no 
175.28  later than the date and time specified in the citation for the 
175.29  driver's first court appearance.  If the charge is made other 
175.30  than by citation, no person shall be convicted of violating this 
175.31  section if the person presents the required proof of insurance 
175.32  at the person's first court appearance after the charge is made. 
175.33     Subd. 5.  [LATER PRODUCTION OF INFORMATION BY DRIVER WHO IS 
175.34  NOT OWNER.] (a) If the driver is not the owner of the vehicle, 
175.35  the driver shall, no later than the date and time specified in 
175.36  the citation for the driver's first court appearance, provide 
176.1   the court administrator proof of insurance or the name and 
176.2   address of the owner.  If the charge is made other than by 
176.3   citation, the information may be presented at the person's first 
176.4   court appearance after the charge is made. 
176.5      (b) The court administrator shall communicate the 
176.6   information to the law enforcement agency that initiated the 
176.7   charge.  If the name and address received from the driver do not 
176.8   match information available to the court administrator, the 
176.9   court administrator shall notify the law enforcement agency of 
176.10  the discrepancy when communicating the information. 
176.11     Subd. 6.  [FALSE INFORMATION.] A person who knowingly 
176.12  provides false information to a peace officer or court 
176.13  administrator under this section is guilty of a crime and shall 
176.14  be sentenced as provided in section 169I.115 or 169I.117. 
176.15     Subd. 7.  [TORT LIABILITY.] If a vehicle is not insured as 
176.16  required by section 65B.48, chapter 65B does not relieve the 
176.17  owner of tort liability arising out of the operation, ownership, 
176.18  maintenance, or use of the vehicle. 
176.19     Subd. 8.  [EXEMPTIONS.] Buses or other commercial vehicles 
176.20  operated by the metropolitan council, commercial vehicles 
176.21  required to file proof of insurance pursuant to chapter 221, and 
176.22  school buses are exempt from this section. 
176.23     Sec. 2.  [169I.113] [GROSS MISDEMEANOR FAILURE TO INSURE.] 
176.24     Subdivision 1.  [PENALTY.] The operator of a vehicle who 
176.25  violates section 169I.11 and who causes or contributes to 
176.26  causing an accident that results in the death of any person or 
176.27  in substantial bodily harm to any person, is guilty of a gross 
176.28  misdemeanor. 
176.29     Subd. 2.  [PROSECUTION.] The same prosecuting authority who 
176.30  is responsible for prosecuting misdemeanor violations of section 
176.31  169I.11 is responsible for prosecuting gross misdemeanor 
176.32  violations of section 169I.11. 
176.33     Sec. 3.  [169I.115] [FIRST DEGREE MISDEMEANOR FAILURE TO 
176.34  INSURE.] 
176.35     Except as provided in section 169I.113, a person is guilty 
176.36  of a first degree misdemeanor if the person violates section 
177.1   169I.11 within ten years after the first of two prior 
177.2   convictions under section 169I.11 or a statute or ordinance in 
177.3   conformity with that section. 
177.4      Sec. 4.  [169I.117] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR FAILURE TO 
177.5   INSURE.] 
177.6      Except as provided in section 169I.113 or 169I.115, a 
177.7   person is guilty of a second degree misdemeanor if the person: 
177.8      (a) violates section 169I.11 within ten years after a prior 
177.9   conviction under section 169I.11 or a statute or ordinance in 
177.10  conformity with that section; 
177.11     (b) violates section 169I.11 while committing a violation 
177.12  of section 169B.11 (driver under influence); 
177.13     (c) is an operator of a vehicle who violates section 
177.14  169I.11 and causes or contributes to causing an accident; or 
177.15     (d) violates section 169I.11, subdivision 6 (false 
177.16  information). 
177.17     Sec. 5.  [169I.119] [INFRACTION FAILURE TO INSURE.] 
177.18     Except as provided in sections 169I.113 to 169I.117, a 
177.19  person who violates section 169I.11 is guilty of an infraction. 
177.20     Sec. 6.  [169I.13] [MINIMUM FINE FOR FAILURE TO INSURE.] 
177.21     In addition to any sentence of incarceration that the court 
177.22  may impose, the court shall impose a fine of not less than $200 
177.23  upon conviction under section 169I.11.  The court may allow 
177.24  community service in lieu of all or part of any fine imposed.  
177.25  In addition to criminal penalties, a person convicted under 
177.26  section 169I.11 is subject to revocation of a driver's license 
177.27  or permit to drive under section 169I.21, subdivision 1, and to 
177.28  revocation of motor vehicle registration under section 169I.21, 
177.29  subdivision 7. 
177.30     Sec. 7.  [169I.15] [CONSECUTIVE SENTENCES.] 
177.31     The court may impose consecutive sentences for offenses 
177.32  arising out of a single course of conduct as permitted in 
177.33  section 169A.25. 
177.34          REVOCATION AND SUSPENSION FOR FAILURE TO INSURE 
177.35     Sec. 8.  [169I.21] [LICENSE REVOCATION FOR FAILURE TO 
177.36  INSURE.] 
178.1      Subdivision 1.  [LICENSE REVOCATION.] (a) Upon receiving 
178.2   notification from a court administrator that a person has been 
178.3   convicted of an offense under section 169I.11, the commissioner 
178.4   shall revoke the person's driver's license or permit to drive.  
178.5   The revocation shall be effective no sooner than 14 days after 
178.6   the notification of the conviction.  The commissioner shall mail 
178.7   notice to the person at least ten days before the effective date 
178.8   of the revocation. 
178.9      (b) The person's driver's license or permit to drive shall 
178.10  be revoked: 
178.11     (1) for 30 days if the person has no previous driver's 
178.12  license revocation or suspension under this section or section 
178.13  169I.23 within the preceding five years; or 
178.14     (2) for such longer period as the commissioner determines 
178.15  if the person has one or more previous revocations or 
178.16  suspensions under this section or section 169I.23 within the 
178.17  preceding five years. 
178.18     (c) After the designated period of revocation the person is 
178.19  eligible for reinstatement of the person's driver's license upon 
178.20  compliance with the requirements of subdivision 3. 
178.21     Subd. 2.  [AVOIDANCE OF REVOCATION; IMPOSITION OF FEE.] The 
178.22  commissioner shall not revoke the person's driver's license 
178.23  under subdivision 1 if all of the following requirements are 
178.24  satisfied: 
178.25     (a) The commissioner's records must show that within the 
178.26  prior ten years: 
178.27     (1) the person has not previously been convicted under 
178.28  section 169I.11; and 
178.29     (2) the person's driver's license has not been suspended 
178.30  under section 169I.23. 
178.31     (b) Before the effective date of the revocation required 
178.32  under subdivision 1, the person must provide the commissioner 
178.33  with: 
178.34     (1) proof establishing that the vehicle involved in the 
178.35  violation has been forfeited for nonpayment of towing or storage 
178.36  fees; or 
179.1      (2) proof of insurance or other verifiable insurance 
179.2   information, as determined by the commissioner, establishing 
179.3   that the person currently has insurance coverage satisfactory to 
179.4   the commissioner.  This must include: 
179.5      (i) proof that the insurance covers a period of: 
179.6      (A) at least six months; or 
179.7      (B) at least one month, in which event the person must 
179.8   submit periodic reports showing that insurance is maintained for 
179.9   six months, or if the person fails to submit these reports, the 
179.10  revocation under subdivision 1 may proceed; and 
179.11     (ii) if required by the commissioner, proof of insurance 
179.12  for all vehicles owned by the person and required to be insured 
179.13  under section 65B.48. 
179.14     (c) Before the effective date of the revocation required 
179.15  under subdivision 1, the person must also pay the reinstatement 
179.16  fee required by section 169J.73, subdivision 2, paragraph (a). 
179.17     Subd. 3.  [REINSTATEMENT.] A person whose license or permit 
179.18  has been revoked under subdivision 1 may obtain a new license or 
179.19  permit if the person provides to the commissioner proof of 
179.20  insurance or other verifiable insurance information as 
179.21  determined by the commissioner.  The commissioner may require 
179.22  that the insurance identification card provided to satisfy this 
179.23  subdivision be certified by the insurance carrier to be 
179.24  noncancelable for a period not to exceed 12 months.  The 
179.25  commissioner may also require an insurance identification card 
179.26  to be filed for all vehicles required to be insured under 
179.27  section 65B.48 and owned by the person. 
179.28     Subd. 4.  [FEE AND RECORD UPON REINSTATEMENT.] The person 
179.29  shall pay the fee required by section 169J.73, subdivision 2, 
179.30  paragraph (a), before reinstatement.  The commissioner shall 
179.31  make a notation on the person's driving record indicating that 
179.32  the person satisfied the requirements of subdivision 3. 
179.33     Subd. 5.  [ADMINISTRATIVE AND JUDICIAL REVIEW.] (a) At any 
179.34  time during a period of revocation imposed under this section, a 
179.35  driver or owner may request in writing a review of the order of 
179.36  revocation by the commissioner.  Upon receiving a request, the 
180.1   commissioner or the commissioner's designee shall review the 
180.2   order, the evidence upon which the order was based, and any 
180.3   other material information brought to the commissioner's 
180.4   attention, and determine whether sufficient cause exists to 
180.5   sustain the order.  Within 15 days after receiving the request, 
180.6   the commissioner shall send the results of the review in writing 
180.7   to the person requesting the review.  The review provided in 
180.8   this subdivision is not subject to the contested case provisions 
180.9   of the administrative procedure act in sections 14.001 to 14.69. 
180.10     (b) The availability of administrative review for an order 
180.11  of revocation shall have no effect upon the availability of 
180.12  judicial review under section 169J.57.  
180.13     Subd. 6.  [EXEMPTIONS.] Buses or other commercial vehicles 
180.14  operated by the metropolitan council, commercial vehicles 
180.15  required to file proof of insurance pursuant to chapter 221, and 
180.16  school buses are exempt from this section.  
180.17     Subd. 7.  [VEHICLE REGISTRATION REVOCATION.] If a person 
180.18  whose driver's license or permit is revoked under subdivision 1 
180.19  is also the owner of the vehicle, the commissioner shall revoke 
180.20  the vehicle's registration at the same time.  If the owner of 
180.21  the vehicle does not have a driver's license or permit to drive, 
180.22  the commissioner shall revoke the vehicle's registration.  The 
180.23  commissioner shall reinstate the vehicle's registration only 
180.24  upon receiving proof of insurance or other verifiable insurance 
180.25  information as determined by the commissioner, and proof of 
180.26  compliance with all other requirements for reinstatement of 
180.27  motor vehicle registration, including payment of required fees. 
180.28     Subd. 8.  [INAPPLICABILITY OF OTHER LAW.] The provisions of 
180.29  section 45.027 do not apply to license revocations under this 
180.30  section.  
180.31     Sec. 9.  [169I.23] [ADMINISTRATIVE REGISTRATION REVOCATION 
180.32  AND LICENSE SUSPENSION.] 
180.33     Subdivision 1.  [REGISTRATION REVOCATION AND LICENSE 
180.34  SUSPENSION ON BASIS OF ACCIDENT REPORT.] The commissioner shall 
180.35  revoke the registration of any vehicle and, except as provided 
180.36  in subdivision 2, may suspend the driver's license of any 
181.1   operator, without preliminary hearing upon a showing by 
181.2   department records, including accident reports required to be 
181.3   submitted by section 169C.55, or other sufficient evidence that 
181.4   security required by section 65B.48 has not been provided and 
181.5   maintained. 
181.6      Subd. 2.  [AVOIDANCE OF SUSPENSION; IMPOSITION OF FEE.] The 
181.7   commissioner shall not suspend the person's driver's license 
181.8   under subdivision 1 if all of the following requirements are 
181.9   satisfied: 
181.10     (a) The license suspension under subdivision 1 must not be 
181.11  based upon evidence that shows that the vehicle was involved in 
181.12  a traffic accident. 
181.13     (b) Within the prior ten years, the person's driver's 
181.14  license must not have been: 
181.15     (1) revoked pursuant to a conviction under section 169I.11; 
181.16  or 
181.17     (2) suspended under this section. 
181.18     (c) Before the effective date of the suspension ordered 
181.19  under subdivision 1, the person must provide the commissioner 
181.20  with proof of insurance or other verifiable insurance 
181.21  information, as determined by the commissioner, establishing 
181.22  that the person currently has insurance coverage satisfactory to 
181.23  the commissioner.  This must include: 
181.24     (1) proof that the insurance covers a period of: 
181.25     (i) at least six months; or 
181.26     (ii) at least one month, in which event the person must 
181.27  submit periodic reports showing that insurance is maintained for 
181.28  six months or, if the person fails to submit these reports, the 
181.29  suspension under subdivision 1 may proceed; and 
181.30     (2) if required by the commissioner, proof of insurance for 
181.31  all vehicles owned by the person and required to be insured 
181.32  under section 65B.48. 
181.33     (d) Before the effective date of the suspension ordered 
181.34  under subdivision 1, the person must also pay the reinstatement 
181.35  fee required by section 169J.73, subdivision 2, paragraph (a). 
181.36     Subd. 3.  [REINSTATEMENT OF LICENSE AND REGISTRATION.] 
182.1   Before reinstatement of a driver's license or registration, 
182.2   there shall be filed with the commissioner of public safety the 
182.3   written certificate of an insurance carrier authorized to do 
182.4   business in the state stating that security has been provided as 
182.5   required by section 65B.48.  The commissioner may require that 
182.6   the certificate of insurance provided to satisfy this 
182.7   subdivision to be certified by the insurance carrier to be 
182.8   noncancelable for a period not to exceed one year.  Before 
182.9   reinstating the person's driver's license, the commissioner may 
182.10  also require a certificate of insurance to be filed with respect 
182.11  to all vehicles required to be insured under section 65B.48 and 
182.12  owned by any person whose driving privileges have been suspended.
182.13     Subd. 4.  [NOTIFYING OTHER STATE OF NONRESIDENT'S 
182.14  SUSPENSION.] When a nonresident's operating privilege is 
182.15  suspended pursuant to this section, the commissioner or a 
182.16  designee shall transmit a copy of the record of the action to 
182.17  the official in charge of issuing licenses in the state in which 
182.18  the nonresident resides. 
182.19     Subd. 5.  [SUSPENDING RESIDENT'S LICENSE FOR SUSPENSION IN 
182.20  OTHER STATE.] After receiving notification that a Minnesota 
182.21  resident's driving privilege has been suspended or revoked in 
182.22  any other state pursuant to a law providing for its suspension 
182.23  or revocation for failure to deposit security for the payment of 
182.24  judgments arising out of a vehicle accident, or for failure to 
182.25  provide insurance covering a vehicle if required by the laws of 
182.26  that state, the commissioner shall suspend the resident's 
182.27  driver's license until the resident furnishes evidence of 
182.28  compliance with this state's laws and if applicable the other 
182.29  state's laws. 
182.30     Subd. 6.  [NOTICE OF SUSPENSION.] A driver's license 
182.31  suspension under this section is subject to the notice 
182.32  requirements of section 169J.47, subdivision 2.  
182.33                      VEHICLE INSURANCE CRIMES 
182.34     Sec. 10.  [169I.31] [VEHICLE INSURANCE CRIMES.] 
182.35     It is unlawful for any person: 
182.36     (a) to issue, display, cause or permit to be displayed, or 
183.1   have in possession an insurance identification card, policy, or 
183.2   written statement of coverage knowing that the insurance is not 
183.3   in force or is not in force for the vehicle in question; 
183.4      (b) to alter or make a fictitious insurance identification 
183.5   card, policy, or written statement of coverage; 
183.6      (c) to display an altered or fictitious insurance 
183.7   identification card, insurance policy, or written statement of 
183.8   coverage knowing that it has been altered or is fictitious; 
183.9      (d) to knowingly provide false information for purposes of 
183.10  section 169I.21; or 
183.11     (e) to falsely claim to have insurance at the time of 
183.12  registering a vehicle pursuant to section 65B.48.  
183.13     Sec. 11.  [169I.315] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR VEHICLE 
183.14  INSURANCE CRIME.] 
183.15     Any person who violates any of the provisions of section 
183.16  169I.31 is guilty of a second degree misdemeanor. 
183.17     Sec. 12.  [169I.33] [MINIMUM PENALTY FOR VEHICLE INSURANCE 
183.18  CRIME.] 
183.19     In addition to any sentence of incarceration that the court 
183.20  may impose, the court shall impose a fine of not less than $200 
183.21  upon conviction under section 169I.31.  The court may allow 
183.22  community service in lieu of all or part of any fine imposed. 
183.23     Sec. 13.  [169I.35] [NOTICE OF PENALTIES.] 
183.24     The commissioner shall include a notice of the penalties 
183.25  for violation section 169I.31 on all forms for registration of 
183.26  vehicles required under sections 65B.41 to 65B.71 to maintain 
183.27  insurance.  
183.28                          INSURER'S DUTIES
183.29     Sec. 14.  [169I.41] [VERIFYING INSURANCE COVERAGE.] 
183.30     Subdivision 1.  [RELEASING INFORMATION.] An insurance 
183.31  company shall release information to the department of public 
183.32  safety or law enforcement authorities necessary to verify 
183.33  insurance coverage.  An insurance company, its agent acting on 
183.34  its behalf, or an authorized person who releases the above 
183.35  information, whether oral or written, acting in good faith, is 
183.36  immune from any civil or criminal liability arising in 
184.1   connection with the release of the information. 
184.2      Subd. 2.  [RECEIVING DATA BY ELECTRONIC TRANSFER.] The 
184.3   commissioner may, in the commissioner's discretion, agree to 
184.4   receive by electronic transfer any information required by this 
184.5   chapter to be provided to the commissioner by an insurance 
184.6   company. 
184.7      Sec. 15.  [169I.43] [INSURER'S NOTIFICATION OF LAPSE, 
184.8   CANCELLATION, OR FAILURE TO RENEW POLICY.] 
184.9      If the required insurance of an owner or named insured is 
184.10  canceled, and notification of such fact is given to the insured 
184.11  as required by section 65B.19, a copy of the notice shall within 
184.12  30 days after coverage has expired be sent to the commissioner.  
184.13  If, on or before the end of that 30-day period, the insured 
184.14  owner of a vehicle has not presented the commissioner or an 
184.15  authorized agent with evidence of required insurance which shall 
184.16  have taken effect upon the expiration of the previous coverage, 
184.17  or if the insured owner or registrant has not instituted an 
184.18  objection to the obligor's cancellation under section 65B.21, 
184.19  within the time limitations therein specified, the insured owner 
184.20  or registrant shall immediately surrender the registration 
184.21  certificate and vehicle license plates to the commissioner and 
184.22  may not operate or permit operation of the vehicle in this state 
184.23  until insurance is again provided and proof of insurance 
184.24  furnished as required by sections 65B.41 to 65B.71. 
184.25            FAILURE TO PROVIDE RENTAL OR LEASE AGREEMENT 
184.26     Sec. 16.  [169I.51] [FAILURE TO PRODUCE RENTAL OR LEASE 
184.27  AGREEMENT.] 
184.28     Subdivision 1.  [REQUIREMENT TO PRODUCE RENTAL OR LEASE 
184.29  AGREEMENT.] Every person who rents or leases a motor vehicle in 
184.30  this state for a period of less than 180 days shall have the 
184.31  rental or lease agreement covering the vehicle in possession 
184.32  whenever operating the vehicle and shall produce it upon the 
184.33  demand of a peace officer.  If the person is unable to produce 
184.34  the rental or lease agreement upon the demand of a peace 
184.35  officer, the person shall, within 14 days after the demand, 
184.36  produce the rental or lease agreement to the place stated in the 
185.1   notice provided by the peace officer.  The person may mail the 
185.2   rental or lease agreement as long as the peace officer receives 
185.3   it within 14 days. 
185.4      Subd. 2.  [FALSE OR FICTITIOUS RENTAL OR LEASE AGREEMENT.] 
185.5   It is unlawful for any person to: 
185.6      (a) alter or make a fictitious rental or lease agreement; 
185.7   or 
185.8      (b) display an altered or fictitious rental or lease 
185.9   agreement knowing the agreement is altered or fictitious. 
185.10     Sec. 17.  [169I.513] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR FALSE OR 
185.11  FICTITIOUS RENTAL OR LEASE AGREEMENT.] 
185.12     A person is guilty of a second degree misdemeanor if the 
185.13  person violates section 169I.51, subdivision 2. 
185.14     Sec. 18.  [169I.515] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR FAILURE TO 
185.15  PRODUCE RENTAL OR LEASE AGREEMENT.] 
185.16     A person is guilty of a third degree misdemeanor if the 
185.17  person fails to produce a rental or lease agreement as required 
185.18  by section 169I.51, subdivision 1. 
185.19                               RULES 
185.20     Sec. 19.  [169I.61] [RULES.] 
185.21     Subdivision 1.  [AUTHORITY.] The commissioner shall have 
185.22  the power and perform the duties imposed by sections 65B.41 to 
185.23  65B.71 (no-fault insurance) and this chapter, and may adopt 
185.24  rules to implement this chapter, including rules to provide 
185.25  effective administration of the provisions requiring insurance 
185.26  and governing termination of insurance. 
185.27     Subd. 2.  [EVIDENCE OF INSURANCE REQUIRED.] The 
185.28  commissioner may by rule provide that vehicles owned by certain 
185.29  persons may not be registered in this state unless satisfactory 
185.30  evidence of insurance is furnished.  If a person who is required 
185.31  to furnish evidence ceases to maintain insurance, the person 
185.32  shall immediately surrender the registration certificate and 
185.33  license plates for the vehicle.  These requirements may be 
185.34  imposed if: 
185.35     (a) the registrant has not previously registered a vehicle 
185.36  in this state; 
186.1      (b) an owner or operator of the vehicle has previously 
186.2   failed to comply with the security requirements of sections 
186.3   65B.41 to 65B.71 or of prior law; 
186.4      (c) the driving record of an owner or operator of the 
186.5   vehicle evidences a continuing disregard of this state's laws 
186.6   enacted to protect the public safety; or 
186.7      (d) other circumstances indicate that action is necessary 
186.8   to effectuate the purposes of sections 65B.41 to 65B.71. 
186.9      Subd. 3.  [INSURANCE NOT REQUIRED.] No owner of a boat, 
186.10  snowmobile, or utility trailer registered for a gross weight of 
186.11  3,000 pounds or less shall be required by the commissioner to 
186.12  furnish evidence of insurance. 
186.13                             ARTICLE 7 
186.14                         DRIVERS' LICENSES 
186.15                         GENERAL PROVISIONS 
186.16     Section 1.  [169J.01] [PUNISHMENT WHEN NOT OTHERWISE 
186.17  PROVIDED.] 
186.18     If a person is convicted of a violation of this chapter for 
186.19  which no punishment is otherwise fixed, sections 169J.015 and 
186.20  169J.017 apply. 
186.21     Sec. 2.  [169J.015] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR VIOLATION OF 
186.22  CHAPTER.] 
186.23     It is a third degree misdemeanor for any person to 
186.24  willfully violate any provision of this chapter unless: 
186.25     (a) the violation is declared by any law to be a felony or 
186.26  gross misdemeanor, or 
186.27     (b) the violation is declared by a provision of this 
186.28  chapter to be a first degree misdemeanor, a second degree 
186.29  misdemeanor, or an infraction. 
186.30     Sec. 3.  [169J.017] [INFRACTION VIOLATION OF CHAPTER.] 
186.31     It is an infraction for any person to violate any provision 
186.32  of this chapter where the violation is not willful unless the 
186.33  violation is declared by a provision of this chapter to be a 
186.34  first degree misdemeanor or a second degree misdemeanor. 
186.35     Sec. 4.  [169J.02] [DRIVER'S LICENSE DIVISION.] 
186.36     Subdivision 1.  [DIRECTOR.] The driver's license division 
187.1   of the department of public safety shall be under the 
187.2   supervision and control of a director.  The commissioner may 
187.3   place the director's position in the unclassified service if the 
187.4   position meets the criteria established in section 43A.08, 
187.5   subdivision 1a.  The director shall have the duties and 
187.6   responsibilities prescribed in this section. 
187.7      Subd. 2.  [POWERS AND DUTIES VESTED IN COMMISSIONER.] All 
187.8   the powers and duties in regard to drivers' licensing and safety 
187.9   responsibility as prescribed by the vehicle code are vested in 
187.10  and imposed upon the commissioner of public safety. 
187.11     Subd. 3.  [FACILITIES FOR LICENSING ACTIVITIES.] The 
187.12  commissioner of transportation shall provide space as required 
187.13  for driver license activities at locations and under contractual 
187.14  conditions as may be determined with the commissioner of public 
187.15  safety. 
187.16     Sec. 5.  [169J.03] [LICENSES:  TYPES, ENDORSEMENTS, 
187.17  RESTRICTIONS.] 
187.18     Subdivision 1.  [LICENSE REQUIRED.] No person, except those 
187.19  hereinafter expressly exempted, shall drive any motor vehicle 
187.20  upon any street or highway in this state unless the person has a 
187.21  license valid under the provisions of this chapter for the type 
187.22  or class of vehicle being driven.  No person shall receive a 
187.23  driver's license until the department of public safety 
187.24  invalidates the person's license from any other jurisdiction.  
187.25  The department shall provide to the issuing department of the 
187.26  other jurisdiction information that the licensee is now licensed 
187.27  in Minnesota.  No person shall be permitted to have more than 
187.28  one valid driver's license at any time.  No person to whom a 
187.29  current Minnesota identification card has been issued may 
187.30  receive a driver's license, other than an instruction permit or 
187.31  a limited license, until the department invalidates the person's 
187.32  Minnesota identification card. 
187.33     Subd. 2.  [DRIVER'S LICENSE CLASSIFICATIONS, ENDORSEMENTS, 
187.34  EXEMPTIONS.] Drivers' licenses shall be classified according to 
187.35  the types of vehicles that may be driven by the holder of each 
187.36  type or class of license.  The commissioner may, as appropriate, 
188.1   subdivide the classes listed in this subdivision and issue 
188.2   licenses classified accordingly.  No class of license shall be 
188.3   valid to operate a motorcycle, school bus, tank vehicle, 
188.4   double-trailer or triple-trailer combination, vehicle 
188.5   transporting hazardous materials, or bus, unless so endorsed. 
188.6   There shall be four general classes of licenses as follows: 
188.7      (a) Class D license valid for: 
188.8      (1) all farm trucks operated by: 
188.9      (i) the owner; 
188.10     (ii) an immediate family member of the owner; 
188.11     (iii) an employee of the owner not primarily employed to 
188.12  operate the farm truck, if the truck is operated within 150 
188.13  miles of the farm; or 
188.14     (iv) an employee of the owner employed during harvest to 
188.15  operate the farm truck for the first, continuous transportation 
188.16  of agricultural products from the production site or on-farm 
188.17  storage site to any other location within 50 miles of that site; 
188.18     (2) fire trucks and emergency fire equipment, whether or 
188.19  not exceeding 26,000 pounds gross vehicle weight, operated by a 
188.20  firefighter while on duty, or a tiller operator employed by a 
188.21  fire department who drives the rear portion of a midmount aerial 
188.22  ladder truck; 
188.23     (3) recreational equipment as defined in section 168.011, 
188.24  subdivision 25, that is operated for personal use; 
188.25     (4) all single-unit vehicles except vehicles with a gross 
188.26  vehicle weight of more than 26,000 pounds, vehicles designed to 
188.27  carry more than 15 passengers including the driver, and vehicles 
188.28  that carry hazardous materials; and 
188.29     (5) vehicles being towed if the combination of vehicles has 
188.30  a gross vehicle weight of 26,000 pounds or less. 
188.31     (b) Class C license valid for: 
188.32     (1) operating class D vehicles; 
188.33     (2) with a hazardous materials endorsement, transporting 
188.34  hazardous materials in class D vehicles; and 
188.35     (3) with a school bus endorsement, operating school buses 
188.36  designed to transport 15 or fewer passengers, including the 
189.1   driver. 
189.2      (c) Class B license valid for all vehicles in class C, 
189.3   class D, and all other single-unit vehicles including, with a 
189.4   passenger endorsement, buses.  The holder of a class B license 
189.5   may tow only vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of 10,000 
189.6   pounds or less. 
189.7      (d) Class A license valid for any vehicle or combination 
189.8   thereof. 
189.9      Subd. 3.  [EXCEPTIONS.] Notwithstanding subdivision 2: 
189.10     (a) a hazardous materials endorsement is not required to 
189.11  operate a vehicle having a gross vehicle weight of 26,000 pounds 
189.12  or less while carrying in bulk tanks a total of not more than 
189.13  200 gallons of petroleum products; and 
189.14     (b) a class C license or hazardous materials endorsement is 
189.15  not required to operate a farm vehicle as defined in Code of 
189.16  Federal Regulations, title 49, section 390.5, having a gross 
189.17  vehicle weight of 26,000 pounds or less while carrying in bulk 
189.18  tanks a total of not more than 1,500 gallons of liquid 
189.19  fertilizer. 
189.20     Subd. 4.  [MOTORIZED BICYCLES.] (a) No motorized bicycle 
189.21  shall be operated on any public roadway by any person who does 
189.22  not possess a valid driver's license, unless the person has 
189.23  obtained a motorized bicycle operator's permit or motorized 
189.24  bicycle instruction permit from the commissioner.  The 
189.25  operator's permit may be issued to any person who has attained 
189.26  the age of 15 years and who has passed the examination 
189.27  prescribed by the commissioner.  The instruction permit may be 
189.28  issued to any person who has attained the age of 15 years and 
189.29  who has successfully completed an approved safety course and 
189.30  passed the written portion of the examination prescribed by the 
189.31  commissioner. 
189.32     (b) This course must consist of, but is not limited to, a 
189.33  basic understanding of: 
189.34     (1) motorized bicycles and their limitations; 
189.35     (2) motorized bicycle laws and rules; 
189.36     (3) safe operating practices and basic operating 
190.1   techniques; 
190.2      (4) helmets and protective clothing; 
190.3      (5) motorized bicycle traffic strategies; and 
190.4      (6) effects of alcohol and drugs on motorized bicycle 
190.5   operators. 
190.6      (c) The commissioner may adopt rules prescribing the 
190.7   content of the safety course, examination, and the information 
190.8   to be contained on the permits.  A person operating a motorized 
190.9   bicycle under a motorized bicycle permit is subject to the 
190.10  restrictions imposed by section 169M.11, subdivision 3, on 
190.11  operation of a motorcycle under a two-wheel instruction permit. 
190.12     (d) The fees for motorized bicycle operator's permits are 
190.13  as follows: 
190.14        (1) examination and operator's permit,
190.15            valid for one year                     $6
190.16        (2) duplicate                              $3
190.17        (3) renewal permit before age 21
190.18            and valid until age 21                 $9
190.19        (4) renewal permit after age 21
190.20            and valid for four years               $15
190.21        (5) duplicate of any renewal permit        $4.50
190.22        (6) written examination and
190.23            instruction permit, valid for
190.24            30 days                                $6
190.25     Subd. 5.  [RESTRICTED COMMERCIAL DRIVERS' LICENSES.] (a) 
190.26  The commissioner may issue restricted commercial drivers' 
190.27  licenses and take the following actions to the extent that the 
190.28  actions are authorized by regulation of the United States 
190.29  Department of Transportation entitled "waiver for farm-related 
190.30  service industries" as published in the Federal Register, April 
190.31  17, 1992: 
190.32     (1) prescribe examination requirements and other 
190.33  qualifications for the license; 
190.34     (2) prescribe classes of vehicles that may be operated by 
190.35  holders of the license; 
190.36     (3) specify commercial motor vehicle operation that is 
191.1   authorized by the license, and prohibit other commercial vehicle 
191.2   operation by holders of the license; and 
191.3      (4) prescribe the period of time during which the license 
191.4   is valid. 
191.5      (b) Restricted commercial drivers' licenses are subject to 
191.6   sections 169J.37 and 169J.38 in the same manner as other 
191.7   commercial drivers' licenses. 
191.8      (c) Actions of the commissioner under this subdivision are 
191.9   not subject to sections 14.05 to 14.47 of the administrative 
191.10  procedure act. 
191.11     Sec. 6.  [169J.033] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR DRIVING 
191.12  WITHOUT VALID LICENSE.] 
191.13     A person is guilty of a third degree misdemeanor if the 
191.14  person drives a motor vehicle without the license required by 
191.15  section 169J.03, unless exempted from that requirement under 
191.16  section 169J.04, and the violation is committed within three 
191.17  years after a previous conviction under section 169J.03 or 
191.18  169J.65. 
191.19     Sec. 7.  [169J.035] [INFRACTION DRIVING WITHOUT VALID 
191.20  LICENSE.] 
191.21     Except as provided in section 169J.033, a person is guilty 
191.22  of an infraction if the person drives a motor vehicle without 
191.23  the license required by section 169J.03, unless exempted from 
191.24  that requirement under section 169J.04. 
191.25     Sec. 8.  [169J.04] [PERSONS EXEMPT.] 
191.26     The following persons are exempt from license hereunder: 
191.27     (a) a person in the employ or service of the United States 
191.28  federal government while driving or operating a motor vehicle 
191.29  owned by or leased to the United States federal government, 
191.30  except that only a noncivilian operator of a commercial motor 
191.31  vehicle owned or leased by the United States Department of 
191.32  Defense or the Minnesota national guard is exempt from the 
191.33  requirement to possess a valid commercial motor vehicle driver's 
191.34  license; 
191.35     (b) any person while driving or operating any farm tractor, 
191.36  or implement of husbandry temporarily operated or moved on a 
192.1   highway, except that for purposes of this paragraph an 
192.2   all-terrain vehicle, as defined in section 84.92, subdivision 8; 
192.3   an off-highway motorcycle, as defined in section 84.787, 
192.4   subdivision 7; or an off-road vehicle, as defined in section 
192.5   84.797, subdivision 7, is not an implement of husbandry; 
192.6      (c) a nonresident at least 15 years of age who has in 
192.7   immediate possession a valid driver's license issued to the 
192.8   nonresident in the nonresident's home state or country, while 
192.9   operating a motor vehicle in this state only as a driver; 
192.10     (d) a nonresident who has in immediate possession a valid 
192.11  commercial driver's license issued by a state in compliance with 
192.12  the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986, United States 
192.13  Code, title 49, sections 521, 2304, and 2701 to 2716, while 
192.14  operating in Minnesota the class of commercial motor vehicle 
192.15  authorized by the issuing state; 
192.16     (e) any nonresident who is at least 18 years of age, whose 
192.17  home state or country does not require the licensing of drivers, 
192.18  while operating a motor vehicle as a driver for a period of not 
192.19  more than 90 days in any calendar year, if the motor vehicle so 
192.20  operated is duly registered in the nonresident's home state or 
192.21  country; 
192.22     (f) any person who becomes a resident of Minnesota and who 
192.23  has in possession a valid driver's license issued to the person 
192.24  under and pursuant to the laws of another state or province or 
192.25  by military authorities of the United States, while operating a 
192.26  motor vehicle as a driver for a period of not more than 60 days 
192.27  after becoming a resident of this state; 
192.28     (g) any person who becomes a resident of Minnesota and who 
192.29  has in possession a valid commercial driver's license issued by 
192.30  another state in compliance with the Commercial Motor Vehicle 
192.31  Safety Act of 1986, United States Code, title 49, sections 521, 
192.32  2304, and 2701 to 2716, for not more than 30 days after becoming 
192.33  a resident of this state; 
192.34     (h) any person operating a snowmobile, as defined in 
192.35  section 84.81; and 
192.36     (i) any person operating a motorized golf cart or 
193.1   four-wheel all-terrain vehicle under permit on a designated 
193.2   roadway pursuant to section 169M.61, subdivision 7. 
193.3      Sec. 9.  [169J.05] [PERSONS NOT ELIGIBLE FOR DRIVER'S 
193.4   LICENSES.] 
193.5      Subdivision 1.  [PERSONS NOT ELIGIBLE.] The department 
193.6   shall not issue a driver's license hereunder to: 
193.7      (a) any person who is under the age of 16 years; 
193.8      (b) to any person under 18 years unless the person: 
193.9      (1) has successfully completed a course in driver 
193.10  education, including both classroom and behind-the-wheel 
193.11  instruction, approved by the commissioner; 
193.12     (2) has completed a course of driver education in another 
193.13  state; or 
193.14     (3) has a previously issued valid license from another 
193.15  state or country; 
193.16     (c) any person under 18 years unless an approval of the 
193.17  application for license, containing a verification of the 
193.18  applicant's age, is signed by: 
193.19     (1) either parent if both parents reside in the same 
193.20  household as the applicant; 
193.21     (2) if both parents do not reside in the same household as 
193.22  the applicant: 
193.23     (i) the parent or spouse of the parent having custody of 
193.24  the applicant if there is a court order for custody; 
193.25     (ii) the parent or spouse of the parent with whom the 
193.26  applicant is living if there is no court order for custody; 
193.27     (iii) the guardian having the custody of the applicant; or 
193.28     (iv) the applicant's employer, if the applicant has no 
193.29  living father, mother, or guardian; 
193.30     (d) any person who is under the age of 18 years unless the 
193.31  person has applied for, been issued, and possessed the 
193.32  appropriate instruction permit for a minimum of six months; 
193.33     (e) any person whose license has been suspended during the 
193.34  period of suspension except that a suspended license may be 
193.35  reinstated during the period of suspension upon the licensee 
193.36  furnishing proof of financial responsibility in the same manner 
194.1   as provided in the Minnesota No-fault Automobile Insurance Act; 
194.2      (f) any person whose license has been revoked unless the 
194.3   person furnishes proof of financial responsibility in the same 
194.4   manner as provided in the Minnesota No-fault Automobile 
194.5   Insurance Act and is otherwise qualified; 
194.6      (g) any person who is a drug dependent person as defined in 
194.7   section 254A.02, subdivision 5; 
194.8      (h) any person who has been adjudged legally incompetent by 
194.9   reason of mental illness, mental deficiency, or inebriation, and 
194.10  who has not been restored to capacity, unless the department is 
194.11  satisfied that the person is competent to operate a motor 
194.12  vehicle with safety to persons or property; 
194.13     (i) any person who is required by this chapter to take an 
194.14  examination, unless the person has successfully passed the 
194.15  examination; 
194.16     (j) any person who is required under the provisions of the 
194.17  Minnesota No-fault Automobile Insurance Act of this state to 
194.18  deposit proof of financial responsibility and who has not 
194.19  deposited the proof; 
194.20     (k) any person when the commissioner has good cause to 
194.21  believe that the operation of a motor vehicle on the highways by 
194.22  the person would be inimical to public safety or welfare; 
194.23     (l) any person when, in the commissioner's opinion, the 
194.24  person is afflicted with or suffering from a physical or mental 
194.25  disability or disease that will affect the person in a manner to 
194.26  prevent the person from exercising reasonable and ordinary 
194.27  control over a motor vehicle while operating it upon the 
194.28  highways; 
194.29     (m) any person who is unable to read and understand 
194.30  official signs regulating, warning, and directing traffic; 
194.31     (n) a child for whom a court has ordered denial of driving 
194.32  privileges under section 260.191, subdivision 1, or 260.195, 
194.33  subdivision 3a, until the period of denial is completed; or 
194.34     (o) any person whose license has been canceled, during the 
194.35  period of cancellation. 
194.36     Subd. 2.  [DISQUALIFIED OPERATORS OF COMMERCIAL 
195.1   VEHICLES.] During the period of disqualification, the department 
195.2   shall not issue a class C, class B, or class A driver's license 
195.3   to a person who has been disqualified from operating a 
195.4   commercial motor vehicle under section 169J.37. 
195.5      Sec. 10.  [169J.06] [RESTRICTED LICENSES FOR FARM WORK.] 
195.6      Notwithstanding any provisions of section 169J.05, relating 
195.7   to the age of an applicant to the contrary, the commissioner may 
195.8   issue a restricted farm work license to operate a motor vehicle 
195.9   to a person who has attained the age of 15 years but who is 
195.10  under the age of 16 years and who, except for age, is qualified 
195.11  to hold a driver's license.  The restricted license shall be 
195.12  issued solely to authorize the person to assist the person's 
195.13  parent or guardian with farm work.  A person holding such a 
195.14  restricted license may operate a motor vehicle only during 
195.15  daylight hours and only within a radius of 20 miles of the 
195.16  parent's or guardian's farmhouse, but not within a city of the 
195.17  first class.  An applicant for a restricted license shall apply 
195.18  on forms prescribed by the commissioner.  The application shall 
195.19  be accompanied by a written verified statement by the 
195.20  applicant's parent or guardian setting forth the necessity for 
195.21  the license. 
195.22     Sec. 11.  [169J.07] [DRIVER'S LICENSE FOR MEDICAL REASONS.] 
195.23     Notwithstanding any provisions of section 169J.05 relating 
195.24  to the age of an applicant, the commissioner may issue a 
195.25  driver's license to a person who has attained the age of 15 
195.26  years but is under the age of 16 years, who, except for age, is 
195.27  qualified to hold a driver's license and who needs to operate a 
195.28  motor vehicle because of personal or family medical reasons.  An 
195.29  applicant for a restricted license shall apply on forms 
195.30  prescribed by the commissioner.  The application shall be 
195.31  accompanied by written verified statements by the applicant's 
195.32  parent or guardian and by a doctor setting forth the necessity 
195.33  for the license.  The commissioner in issuing the license may 
195.34  impose conditions and limitations that in the commissioner's 
195.35  judgment are necessary to the interests of the public safety and 
195.36  welfare.  
196.1      Sec. 12.  [169J.08] [NOTICE OF PERSONS UNDER DRIVER'S 
196.2   LICENSE CANCELLATION.] 
196.3      The commissioner shall develop a program under which the 
196.4   commissioner provides a monthly notice to local law enforcement 
196.5   agencies of the names and addresses of persons residing within 
196.6   the local agency's jurisdiction whose driver's licenses or 
196.7   driving privileges have been canceled under section 169J.05, 
196.8   subdivision 1, paragraph (j).  At the commissioner's discretion, 
196.9   the commissioner may adopt necessary procedures so that the 
196.10  information is current and accurate.  Data in the notice are 
196.11  private data on individuals and are available to law enforcement 
196.12  agencies. 
196.13                         OBTAINING LICENSE 
196.14     Sec. 13.  [169J.11] [INSTRUCTION PERMITS.] 
196.15     Subdivision 1.  [PERSONS 18 OR MORE YEARS OF AGE.] (a) Any 
196.16  person 18 or more years of age who, except for a lack of 
196.17  instruction in operating a motor vehicle, is qualified to obtain 
196.18  a class D driver's license under this chapter, may apply for an 
196.19  instruction permit.  The department shall issue the permit.  The 
196.20  permit entitles the applicant, for a period of one year, to 
196.21  drive a motor vehicle for which a class D license is valid upon 
196.22  the highways if the applicant: 
196.23     (1) has the permit in immediate possession; and 
196.24     (2) is accompanied by an adult licensed driver occupying 
196.25  the seat beside the driver. 
196.26     (b) A licensee may use any license of a lower class as an 
196.27  instruction permit for a higher class for six months after 
196.28  passing the written test or tests required for the higher class 
196.29  if the licensee: 
196.30     (1) has in possession a copy of the record of the 
196.31  examination taken for the higher class license; and 
196.32     (2) is accompanied by and receiving instruction from a 
196.33  holder of the appropriate higher class license. 
196.34     Subd. 2.  [PERSONS LESS THAN 18 YEARS OF AGE.] (a) The 
196.35  department, upon application therefor, may issue an instruction 
196.36  permit to an applicant 15, 16, or 17 years of age who is 
197.1   enrolled in an approved driver education program including 
197.2   behind the wheel training. 
197.3      (b) An instruction permit holder who has the permit in 
197.4   possession may operate a motor vehicle while receiving behind 
197.5   the wheel training in an approved driver education program, but 
197.6   only when accompanied by an authorized instructor who occupies 
197.7   the seat beside the permit holder. 
197.8      (c) During and after completing the course, if the 
197.9   instruction permit holder has the permit in possession: 
197.10     (1) a 16 or 17 year old permit holder may operate a motor 
197.11  vehicle while accompanied by an adult licensed driver who 
197.12  occupies the seat beside the permit holder; and 
197.13     (2) a 15 year old permit holder may operate a motor vehicle 
197.14  while accompanied by a licensed parent or guardian or licensed 
197.15  adult driver authorized by the parent or guardian who occupies 
197.16  the seat beside the permit holder. 
197.17     Subd. 3.  [PERMIT FOR SIX MONTHS.] An applicant who has 
197.18  applied for and received an instruction permit pursuant to 
197.19  subdivision 2 must possess the instruction permit for not less 
197.20  than six months before qualifying for a driver's license. 
197.21     Subd. 4.  [MOTORIZED BICYCLES.] The department, upon 
197.22  application and payment of the fee prescribed in section 
197.23  169J.03, subdivision 4, may issue a motorized bicycle 
197.24  instruction permit to an applicant 15 years of age who has 
197.25  successfully completed the written portion of the examination 
197.26  prescribed by the commissioner.  The holder of this instruction 
197.27  permit who has the permit in possession may operate a motorized 
197.28  bicycle within one mile of the holder's residence for the 
197.29  purpose of practicing to take the operator portion of the 
197.30  examination prescribed by the commissioner. 
197.31     Sec. 14.  [169J.13] [APPLICATIONS FOR LICENSES, PERMITS; 
197.32  FEES.] 
197.33     Subdivision 1.  [FORMS OF APPLICATION.] Every application 
197.34  for an instruction permit or driver's license shall be: 
197.35     (a) made upon a form furnished by the department; 
197.36     (b) accompanied by the proper fee; and 
198.1      (c) signed in the presence of the person authorized to 
198.2   accept the application, unless a notary public verifies the 
198.3   signature. 
198.4      Subd. 2.  [FEES.] (a) The fees for a license and Minnesota 
198.5   identification card are as follows: 
198.6      (1) Classified Driver License, D-$18.50 C-$22.50 B-$29.50 
198.7   A-$37.50; 
198.8      (2) Classified Under 21 D.L., D-$18.50 C-$22.50 B-$29.50 
198.9   A-$17.50; 
198.10     (3) Instruction Permit, $9.50; 
198.11     (4) Duplicate Driver or Under 21 License or duplicate 
198.12  identification card, $8; and 
198.13     (5) Minnesota identification card other than duplicate, 
198.14  except as otherwise provided in section 169J.15, subdivisions 5 
198.15  and 6, $12.50. 
198.16     Subd. 3.  [FEE INCREASED.] (a) The fee for any duplicate 
198.17  driver's license obtained for the purpose of adding a 
198.18  two-wheeled vehicle endorsement is increased by $16 for each 
198.19  first such duplicate license and $13 for each renewal.  The 
198.20  additional fee shall be paid into the state treasury and 
198.21  credited as follows: 
198.22     (1) $8.50 of the additional fee for each first duplicate 
198.23  license, and $7 of the additional fee for each renewal, must be 
198.24  credited to the motorcycle safety fund; provided that any fee 
198.25  receipts exceeding $750,000 in a fiscal year shall be credited 
198.26  90 percent to the trunk highway fund and ten percent to the 
198.27  general fund, as provided in section 169J.69. 
198.28     (2) The remainder of the additional fee must be credited to 
198.29  the general fund. 
198.30     (b) All application forms prepared by the commissioner for 
198.31  two-wheeled vehicle endorsements shall clearly contain the 
198.32  information that of the total fee charged for the endorsement, 
198.33  $7 is dedicated to the motorcycle safety fund. 
198.34     Subd. 4.  [CONTENTS OF APPLICATION; OTHER INFORMATION.] (a) 
198.35  An application must state: 
198.36     (1) the applicant's full name, date of birth, sex, and 
199.1   residence address; 
199.2      (2) a description of the applicant in such manner as the 
199.3   commissioner may require; 
199.4      (3) whether the applicant has theretofore been licensed as 
199.5   a driver and, if so, when and by what state or country and 
199.6   whether any such license has ever been suspended or revoked; 
199.7      (4) whether a license application has ever been refused; 
199.8   and 
199.9      (5) if the applicant has had a license suspended, revoked, 
199.10  or refused, the date of and reason for the suspension, 
199.11  revocation, or refusal, together with such facts concerning the 
199.12  applicant and the applicant's ability to operate a motor vehicle 
199.13  with safety as the commissioner may require. 
199.14     (b) An application for a class C, class B, or class A 
199.15  driver's license also must state the applicant's social security 
199.16  number.  An application for a class D driver's license must have 
199.17  a space for the applicant's social security number and state 
199.18  that providing the number is optional, or otherwise convey that 
199.19  the applicant is not required to enter the social security 
199.20  number. 
199.21     (c) The application form must contain a space where the 
199.22  applicant may specify a desire to make an anatomical gift.  If 
199.23  the applicant does not specify a desire to make an anatomical 
199.24  gift when making the application, the applicant must be offered 
199.25  a donor document in accordance with section 169J.15, subdivision 
199.26  8.  The application form must contain statements sufficient to 
199.27  comply with the requirements of the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act, 
199.28  sections 525.921 to 525.9224, so that the application or donor 
199.29  document will make the anatomical gift as provided in section 
199.30  169J.15, subdivision 8, if the person specifies a desire to make 
199.31  an anatomical gift. 
199.32     (d) The application form must contain a notification to the 
199.33  applicant of the availability of a living will designation on 
199.34  the license under section 169J.15, subdivision 10.  The 
199.35  application must be in the form prepared by the commissioner. 
199.36     (e) The application form must be accompanied by a pamphlet 
200.1   containing relevant facts relating to: 
200.2      (1) the effect of alcohol on driving ability; 
200.3      (2) the effect of mixing alcohol with drugs; 
200.4      (3) the laws of Minnesota relating to operation of a motor 
200.5   vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or a controlled 
200.6   substance; and 
200.7      (4) the levels of alcohol-related fatalities and accidents 
200.8   in Minnesota and of arrests for alcohol-related violations. 
200.9      (f) The application form must also be accompanied by a 
200.10  pamphlet describing Minnesota laws regarding anatomical gifts 
200.11  and the need for and benefits of anatomical gifts. 
200.12     Subd. 5.  [MIDDLE NAME.] For the purposes of subdivision 4, 
200.13  and section 169J.15, subdivision 1, the full name of a married 
200.14  applicant may include, at the applicant's option, the 
200.15  applicant's family name prior to marriage instead of the 
200.16  applicant's given middle name, notwithstanding the middle name 
200.17  specified on the applicant's marriage certificate. 
200.18     Subd. 6.  [APPLICATION; FILING; FEE RETAINED FOR EXPENSES.] 
200.19  (a) An applicant for an instruction permit, driver's license, 
200.20  restricted license, or duplicate license may file an application 
200.21  with a court administrator or at a state office.  The 
200.22  administrator or state office shall receive and accept the 
200.23  application. 
200.24     (b) To cover all expenses involved in receiving, accepting, 
200.25  or forwarding to the department applications and fees, an 
200.26  administrator may retain a county fee of $3.50 for each 
200.27  application for a Minnesota identification card, instruction 
200.28  permit, duplicate license, driver license, or restricted license.
200.29  The amount allowed to be retained by the administrator shall be 
200.30  paid into the county treasury and credited to the county's 
200.31  general revenue fund.  Before the end of the first working day 
200.32  following the final day of an established reporting period, the 
200.33  administrator shall forward to the department all applications 
200.34  and fees collected during the reporting period, less the amount 
200.35  herein allowed to be retained for expenses. 
200.36     (c) An administrator may appoint agents to assist in 
201.1   accepting applications, but the administrator shall require 
201.2   every agent to forward to the administrator all applications 
201.3   accepted and fees collected by the agent, except that an agent 
201.4   shall retain the county fee to cover the agent's expenses 
201.5   involved in receiving, accepting, or forwarding the applications 
201.6   and fees.  The administrator shall be responsible for the acts 
201.7   of agents appointed by the administrator and for the forwarding 
201.8   to the department of all applications accepted and those fees 
201.9   collected by agents and by the administrator as are required to 
201.10  be forwarded to the department. 
201.11     Sec. 15.  [169J.15] [INFORMATION ON LICENSES AND 
201.12  IDENTIFICATION CARDS.] 
201.13     Subdivision 1.  [LICENSE; CONTENTS.] (a) The department 
201.14  shall, upon the payment of the required fee, issue to an 
201.15  applicant qualifying therefor a license designating the type or 
201.16  class of vehicles the applicant is authorized to drive.  The 
201.17  license shall bear a distinguishing number assigned to the 
201.18  licensee, the full name, date of birth, residence address and 
201.19  permanent mailing address if different, and a description of the 
201.20  licensee in such manner as the commissioner deems necessary. 
201.21     (b) Except for an instruction permit, every license shall 
201.22  bear a colored photograph or an electronically produced image of 
201.23  the licensee.  Every license issued to an applicant under the 
201.24  age of 21 shall be of a distinguishing color and plainly marked 
201.25  "Under-21."  The department shall use processes in issuing 
201.26  licenses that prohibit as near as possible, the ability to alter 
201.27  or reproduce a license, and prohibit the ability to superimpose 
201.28  a photograph or electronically produced image on a license 
201.29  without ready detection. 
201.30     (c) A license issued to an applicant of age 65 or over 
201.31  shall be plainly marked "senior" if requested by the applicant. 
201.32     Subd. 2.  [FILING PHOTOGRAPHS OR IMAGES; DATA 
201.33  CLASSIFICATION.] The department shall file, or contract to file, 
201.34  all photographs or electronically produced images obtained in 
201.35  the process of issuing driver licenses or Minnesota 
201.36  identification cards.  The photographs or electronically 
202.1   produced images shall be private data pursuant to section 13.02, 
202.2   subdivision 12.  Notwithstanding section 13.04, subdivision 3, 
202.3   the department need not provide copies of photographs or 
202.4   electronically produced images to data subjects.  The use of the 
202.5   files is restricted to use for: 
202.6      (a) issuing and controlling driver's licenses; 
202.7      (b) law enforcement purposes in investigating and 
202.8   prosecuting crimes; and 
202.9      (c) child support enforcement purposes under section 
202.10  256.978. 
202.11     Subd. 3.  [COMMERCIAL DRIVER'S LICENSE.] Each class C, 
202.12  class B, or class A driver's license must be clearly marked 
202.13  "Minnesota Commercial Driver's License." 
202.14     Subd. 4.  [LIMITATIONS ON ISSUING LICENSES.] The department 
202.15  shall not issue: 
202.16     (a) a class B or class A license to anyone who does not 
202.17  have or has not qualified for a class D license; or 
202.18     (b) a class A license to anyone under 18 years of age. 
202.19     Subd. 5.  [IDENTIFICATION CARD; FEE.] (a) Upon payment of 
202.20  the required fee, the department shall issue to an applicant 
202.21  therefor a Minnesota identification card.  The department may 
202.22  not issue a Minnesota identification card to a person who has a 
202.23  driver's license other than an instruction permit or a limited 
202.24  license.  The card must bear a distinguishing number assigned to 
202.25  the applicant, a colored photograph or an electronically 
202.26  produced image, the full name, date of birth, residence address, 
202.27  and a description of the applicant in the manner as the 
202.28  commissioner deems necessary. 
202.29     (b) Each Minnesota identification card must be plainly 
202.30  marked "Minnesota identification card - not a driver's license." 
202.31     (c) The fee for a Minnesota identification card issued to a 
202.32  person who is mentally retarded, as defined in section 252A.02, 
202.33  subdivision 2, or to a physically disabled person, as defined in 
202.34  section 169.345, subdivision 2, is 50 cents. 
202.35     Subd. 6.  [IDENTIFICATION CARDS FOR SENIORS.] A Minnesota 
202.36  identification card issued to an applicant 65 years of age or 
203.1   over shall be of a distinguishing color and plainly marked 
203.2   "senior."  The fee for the card issued to an applicant 65 years 
203.3   of age or over shall be one-half the required fee for a class D 
203.4   driver's license.  A Minnesota identification card or a 
203.5   Minnesota driver's license issued to a person 65 years of age or 
203.6   over shall be valid identification for the purpose of qualifying 
203.7   for reduced rates, free licenses, or services provided by any 
203.8   board, commission, agency, or institution that is wholly or 
203.9   partially funded by state appropriations. 
203.10     Subd. 7.  [EXPIRATION.] The expiration date of a Minnesota 
203.11  identification card of an applicant under the age of 65 shall be 
203.12  the applicant's birthday in the fourth year following the date 
203.13  of issuance of the card.  A Minnesota identification card issued 
203.14  to an applicant age 65 or over shall be valid for the 
203.15  applicant's lifetime. 
203.16     Subd. 8.  [ANATOMICAL GIFT; DONOR DOCUMENT.] (a) The 
203.17  department shall offer a donor document to each person who, when 
203.18  applying for a driver's license or Minnesota identification 
203.19  card, does not specify a desire to make an anatomical gift. 
203.20     (b) The commissioner shall prescribe the form of the donor 
203.21  document and the application for a driver's license or Minnesota 
203.22  identification card.  The forms must be designed so that an 
203.23  applicant's execution of the donor document or application will 
203.24  make an anatomical gift under the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act, 
203.25  sections 525.921 to 525.9224. 
203.26     (c) If the donor is 18 years of age or older, the donor 
203.27  must sign the document or application.  If the donor cannot 
203.28  sign, the donor document or application may be signed for the 
203.29  donor at the donor's direction, in the donor's presence, and in 
203.30  the presence of two witnesses who must sign the donor document 
203.31  or application in the donor's presence.  If the donor is a 
203.32  minor, the donor document or application must be signed by the 
203.33  minor donor, and one of the minor donor's parents, a legal 
203.34  guardian, or a parent having legal custody.  If the minor cannot 
203.35  sign, the donor document or application may not be signed for 
203.36  the minor. 
204.1      (d) The department shall identify a donor of an anatomical 
204.2   gift by the designation "donor" on the front of the donor's 
204.3   driver's license or Minnesota identification card. 
204.4      (e) The issuance of a driver's license or Minnesota 
204.5   identification card identifying the person as a "donor" 
204.6   completes the donation process and the license or identification 
204.7   card constitutes the final donor record.  The department need 
204.8   not keep the physical record of the donor card or application 
204.9   after issuing the driver's license or identification card for 
204.10  the donation to be valid.  The department shall maintain a 
204.11  computer record of donors.  Revocation, suspension, expiration, 
204.12  or cancellation of the license does not invalidate the 
204.13  anatomical gift.  The designation "donor" constitutes sufficient 
204.14  legal authority for the removal of all body organs or parts upon 
204.15  donor's death for the purpose of transplantation.  The donor 
204.16  designation may be removed only upon written notice to the 
204.17  department.  Delivery of the license or Minnesota identification 
204.18  card during the donor's lifetime is not necessary to make the 
204.19  gift valid. 
204.20     Subd. 9.  [MEDICAL ALERT IDENTIFIER.] Upon the applicant's 
204.21  written request, the department shall issue a driver's license 
204.22  or Minnesota identification card bearing a medical alert 
204.23  identifier.  The applicant must request the medical alert 
204.24  identifier at the time the photograph or electronically produced 
204.25  image is taken.  No specific medical information will be 
204.26  contained on the driver's license or Minnesota identification 
204.27  card. 
204.28     Subd. 10.  [LIVING WILL DESIGNATION.] (a) Upon the 
204.29  applicant's written request and payment of the required fee, the 
204.30  department shall issue, renew, or reissue a driver's license or 
204.31  Minnesota identification card bearing the designation "Living 
204.32  Will" or an abbreviation thereof.  The designation does not 
204.33  constitute delivery of a health care declaration under section 
204.34  145B.05. 
204.35     (b) On payment of the required fee, the department shall 
204.36  issue a replacement or renewal license or identification card 
205.1   without the designation if requested by the applicant. 
205.2      (c) This subdivision does not impose any additional duty on 
205.3   a health care provider, as defined in section 145B.02, 
205.4   subdivision 6, beyond the duties imposed in chapter 145B. 
205.5      (d) For the purposes of this subdivision, "living will" 
205.6   means a declaration made under section 145B.03. 
205.7      Subd. 11.  [CERTIFICATION; SCHOOL BUS SAFETY LAWS.] Before 
205.8   a driver's license may be issued or renewed, the applicant shall 
205.9   certify by signature that the applicant is aware of the duties 
205.10  and responsibilities required of drivers under section 169E.21 
205.11  to guard against jeopardizing the safety of school children 
205.12  around school buses and the penalties for violating that 
205.13  section.  A failure to make this certification does not bar a 
205.14  prosecution for violation of section 169E.21. 
205.15     Subd. 12.  [IMPROVED SECURITY.] The commissioner shall 
205.16  develop drivers' licenses and identification cards, that are as 
205.17  impervious to alteration as is reasonably practicable in their 
205.18  design, quality of material, and technology.  The driver's 
205.19  license security laminate shall be made from materials not 
205.20  readily available to the general public.  The design and 
205.21  technology employed must enable the driver's license and 
205.22  identification card to be subject to two or more methods of 
205.23  visual verification capable of clearly indicating the presence 
205.24  of tampering or counterfeiting.  The driver's license and 
205.25  identification card must not be susceptible to reproduction by 
205.26  photocopying or simulation and must be highly resistant to data 
205.27  or photograph substitution and other tampering. 
205.28     Subd. 13.  [AGREEMENTS WITH OTHER AGENCIES.] (a) The 
205.29  commissioner may enter into agreements with other agencies to 
205.30  issue cards to clients of those agencies for use in their 
205.31  programs.  The cards may be issued to persons who do not qualify 
205.32  for a Minnesota driver's license or do not provide evidence of 
205.33  name and identity as required by rule for a Minnesota 
205.34  identification card.  Persons issued cards under this 
205.35  subdivision will meet the contracting agency's identification 
205.36  verification requirements. 
206.1      (b) The interagency agreement may include provisions for 
206.2   the payment of the county fee provided in section 169J.13, 
206.3   subdivision 6, and the actual cost to manufacture the card. 
206.4      (c) Cards issued under this subdivision are not Minnesota 
206.5   identification cards for the purposes defined in sections 
206.6   48.512, 201.061, 201.161, 332.50, and 340A.503. 
206.7      Subd. 14.  [DESIGNATED PARENT.] (a) Upon the written 
206.8   request of the applicant on a form developed by the department, 
206.9   which contains the information specified in paragraph (b), and 
206.10  upon payment of an additional fee of $3.50, the department shall 
206.11  issue a driver's license or Minnesota identification card 
206.12  bearing a symbol or other appropriate identifier indicating that 
206.13  the license holder has appointed an individual to serve as a 
206.14  designated parent under chapter 257A. 
206.15     (b) The form shall provide as follows: 
206.16     "..........(Name of parent(s)).......... appoints 
206.17  ..........(name of designated parent).......... to provide care 
206.18  for ..........(name of child or children).......... when 
206.19  requested by the parent(s) or when the parent(s) is unable to 
206.20  care for the child (children) and unable to request the 
206.21  designated parent's assistance. 
206.22     The designated parent will care for the child (children) 
206.23  named in this form for (choose one of the following): 
206.24     (indicate a specified period of time that is less than one 
206.25  year); or 
206.26     (indicate that care is to be provided for one year). 
206.27     The designated parent has the powers and duties to make 
206.28  decisions and meet the child's (children's) needs in the areas 
206.29  checked or specified below: 
206.30     education .......... 
206.31     health care .......... 
206.32     religion .......... 
206.33     day care .......... 
206.34     recreation .......... 
206.35     other .......... 
206.36     ........................................................... 
207.1      ........................................................... 
207.2      ........................................................... 
207.3      The designated parent (choose one of the following): 
207.4      is .......... 
207.5      is not .......... authorized to make decisions about 
207.6   financial issues and control financial resources provided for 
207.7   the child (children) by the parent. 
207.8      This designated parent agreement is effective for four 
207.9   years following the date it is signed by the parent(s), 
207.10  designated parent, any child age 14 or older, and any alternate 
207.11  designated parent.  However, the agreement may be canceled by a 
207.12  parent, a designated parent, or an alternate designated parent 
207.13  at any time before that date, upon notice to the other parties 
207.14  to the agreement. 
207.15     (Parent(s) signature(s) and Minnesota driver's license(s) 
207.16  or Minnesota identification card number(s)) 
207.17     (Designated parent signature, Minnesota driver's license or 
207.18  Minnesota identification card number, address, and telephone 
207.19  number) 
207.20     (Alternate designated parent signature, Minnesota driver's 
207.21  license or Minnesota identification card number, address, and 
207.22  telephone number) 
207.23     (Child age 14 or older signature ..........) 
207.24     (Date ..........) 
207.25     (Notarization ..........)" 
207.26     (c) The department shall maintain a computerized records 
207.27  system of all persons listed as designated parents by driver's 
207.28  license and identification card applicants.  This data shall be 
207.29  released to appropriate law enforcement agencies under section 
207.30  13.69.  Upon a parent's request and payment of a fee of $3.50, 
207.31  the department shall revise its list of designated parents and 
207.32  alternates to reflect a change in the appointment of a 
207.33  designated parent. 
207.34     (d) At the request of the license or card holder, the 
207.35  department shall cancel the designated parent indication without 
207.36  additional charge.  However, this paragraph does not prohibit a 
208.1   fee that may be applicable for a duplicate or replacement 
208.2   license or card, renewal of a license, or other service 
208.3   applicable to a driver's license or identification card. 
208.4      (e) Notwithstanding sections 13.08, subdivision 1, and 
208.5   13.69, the department and department employees are conclusively 
208.6   presumed to be acting in good faith when employees rely on 
208.7   statements made, in person or by telephone, by persons 
208.8   purporting to be law enforcement and subsequently release 
208.9   information described in paragraph (b).  When acting in good 
208.10  faith, the department and department personnel are immune from 
208.11  civil liability and not subject to suit for damages resulting 
208.12  from the release of this information. 
208.13     (f) The department and its employees: 
208.14     (1) have no duty to inquire or otherwise determine whether 
208.15  a form submitted under this subdivision contains the signatures 
208.16  of all parents who have legal custody of a child; and 
208.17     (2) are immune from all civil liability and not subject to 
208.18  suit for damages resulting from a claim that any parent with 
208.19  legal custody of a child has not signed the form. 
208.20     (g) Of the fees received by the department under this 
208.21  subdivision: 
208.22     (1) up to $111,000 received in fiscal year 1997 and up to 
208.23  $61,000 received in subsequent fiscal years must be deposited in 
208.24  the general fund; and 
208.25     (2) all other fees must be deposited in the trunk highway 
208.26  fund. 
208.27     Sec. 16.  [169J.17] [PHOTOGRAPHS ON LICENSES AND 
208.28  IDENTIFICATION CARDS.] 
208.29     Subdivision 1.  [RELIGIOUS OBJECTION.] Notwithstanding the 
208.30  provisions of section 169J.15, the commissioner may adopt rules 
208.31  to permit identification on a driver's license or Minnesota 
208.32  identification card in lieu of a photograph or electronically 
208.33  produced image where the commissioner finds that the applicant 
208.34  has religious objections to the use of a photograph or 
208.35  electronically produced image. 
208.36     Subd. 2.  [CERTAIN HEADWEAR PERMITTED.] If an accident 
209.1   involving a head injury, serious illness, or treatment of 
209.2   illness has caused hair loss by an applicant for a driver's 
209.3   license or identification card, the commissioner shall permit 
209.4   the applicant to wear a hat or similar headwear for the 
209.5   photograph or electronically produced image.  The hat or 
209.6   headwear must be of an appropriate size and type to allow 
209.7   identification of the holder of the license or card and must not 
209.8   obscure the holder's face. 
209.9      Sec. 17.  [169J.19] [LICENSEE TO HAVE LICENSE IN 
209.10  POSSESSION.] 
209.11     Every licensee shall have the license in immediate 
209.12  possession whenever operating a motor vehicle and shall display 
209.13  it upon demand of a peace officer, an authorized representative 
209.14  of the department, or an officer authorized by law to enforce 
209.15  the laws relating to the operation of motor vehicles on public 
209.16  streets and highways.  Unless the person is the holder of a 
209.17  limited license issued under section 169J.77, no person charged 
209.18  with violating the possession requirement shall be convicted if 
209.19  the person produces in court or the arresting officer's office a 
209.20  driver's license for the class of vehicle being driven that was 
209.21  valid at the time of arrest or satisfactory proof that at the 
209.22  time of arrest the person was validly licensed for the class of 
209.23  vehicle being driven.  The licensee shall also, upon any peace 
209.24  officer's request, write the licensee's name in the officer's 
209.25  presence to determine the licensee's identity. 
209.26     Sec. 18.  [169J.21] [COMMISSIONER'S RESTRICTIONS.] 
209.27     Subdivision 1.  [COMMISSIONER MAY IMPOSE RESTRICTIONS.] The 
209.28  commissioner may, when good cause appears, impose restrictions 
209.29  suitable to the licensee's driving ability or other restrictions 
209.30  applicable to the licensee that the commissioner determines to 
209.31  be appropriate to assure the safe operation of a motor vehicle 
209.32  by the licensee. 
209.33     Subd. 2.  [COMMISSIONER MAY SUSPEND OR REVOKE 
209.34  LICENSE.] Upon receiving satisfactory evidence of any violation 
209.35  of a license's restrictions, the commissioner may suspend or 
209.36  revoke the license.  A license suspension under this section is 
210.1   subject to section 169J.47, subdivisions 2 and 3. 
210.2      Subd. 3.  [OPERATION OF VEHICLE IN VIOLATION OF 
210.3   RESTRICTIONS.] It is unlawful for any person to operate a motor 
210.4   vehicle in any manner in violation of the restrictions imposed 
210.5   in a restricted license.  
210.6      Sec. 19.  [169J.23] [DUPLICATE LICENSES; VEHICLE 
210.7   ENDORSEMENT.] 
210.8      Subdivision 1.  [DUPLICATE LICENSE.] If an instruction 
210.9   permit or driver's license is lost or destroyed, or becomes 
210.10  illegible, the person to whom it was issued shall obtain a 
210.11  duplicate.  The person shall furnish proof satisfactory to the 
210.12  department that the permit or license has been lost or destroyed 
210.13  or has become illegible, and pay the required fee. 
210.14     Subd. 2.  [ENDORSEMENTS ADDED.] Any person, after applying 
210.15  for or receiving a driver's license and before the expiration 
210.16  year of the license, who wishes to have a motorcycle, school 
210.17  bus, tank vehicle, passenger, double-trailer or triple-trailer, 
210.18  or hazardous materials vehicle endorsement added to the license, 
210.19  shall, after taking the necessary examination, apply for a 
210.20  duplicate license and pay the proper fee. 
210.21     Sec. 20.  [169J.25] [DUPLICATE LICENSE; CHANGE OF DOMICILE 
210.22  OR NAME.] 
210.23     When any person, after applying for or receiving a driver's 
210.24  license, changes permanent domicile from the address named in 
210.25  the application or in the license, or changes a name by marriage 
210.26  or otherwise, the person shall, within 30 days thereafter, apply 
210.27  for a duplicate driver's license.  The applicant shall use a 
210.28  form furnished by the department and pay the required fee.  The 
210.29  application shall show both the licensee's old address and new 
210.30  address or the former name and new name as the case may be. 
210.31     Sec. 21.  [169J.27] [DRIVING RECORDS; FILING; PRIVATE DATA; 
210.32  SURCHARGE.] 
210.33     Subdivision 1.  [LICENSES FILED IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER.] The 
210.34  department shall file every application for a driver's license 
210.35  received by it and shall maintain suitable indices containing, 
210.36  in alphabetical order: 
211.1      (a) all applications denied and the reason for denial; 
211.2      (b) all applications granted; and 
211.3      (c) the name of every person whose license has been 
211.4   suspended, revoked, or canceled or who has been disqualified 
211.5   from operating a commercial motor vehicle by the department, and 
211.6   after each name the reasons for the action. 
211.7      Subd. 2.  [ACCIDENT REPORTS AND RECORDS OF CONVICTION 
211.8   FILED.] The department shall file all accident reports and 
211.9   abstracts of court records of convictions and violations 
211.10  received by it under the laws of this state and its political 
211.11  subdivisions.  The department shall maintain convenient records 
211.12  or make suitable notations so that an individual record of each 
211.13  licensee showing the convictions of the licensee and the traffic 
211.14  accidents in which the licensee has been involved is readily 
211.15  ascertainable and available for the department's consideration 
211.16  upon any application for renewal of license and the revocation, 
211.17  suspension, or limitation of license. 
211.18     Subd. 3.  [APPLICATIONS AND RECORDS, WHEN DESTROYED.] The 
211.19  department may cause applications for drivers' licenses and 
211.20  instruction permits, and related records, to be destroyed 
211.21  immediately after the period for which issued, except that: 
211.22     (a) the driver's record concerning revocations, 
211.23  suspensions, cancellations, disqualifications, convictions, and 
211.24  accidents shall be cumulative and kept for at least five years; 
211.25  and 
211.26     (b) the driver's record concerning prior impaired driving 
211.27  convictions and prior substance-related loss of license, and 
211.28  violations of sections 169B.51 to 169B.55 and 169J.653, shall be 
211.29  cumulative and kept for at least 15 years. 
211.30     Subd. 4.  [RECORD DESTROYED WHEN ORDER RESCINDED.] 
211.31  Notwithstanding subdivision 3 or section 138.163, when an order 
211.32  for revocation, suspension, or cancellation of a driver's 
211.33  license or disqualification of a driver from operating a 
211.34  commercial motor vehicle is rescinded and all rights of appeal 
211.35  have been exhausted or have expired, the commissioner shall 
211.36  remove the record of the revocation, suspension, cancellation, 
212.1   or disqualification from the computer records that are disclosed 
212.2   to persons or agencies outside the driver and vehicle services 
212.3   division of the department of public safety. 
212.4      Subd. 5.  [RECORD OF IMPROPER SUSPENSION DESTROYED.] 
212.5   Notwithstanding subdivision 3 or section 138.163, when an order 
212.6   for suspension of a driver's license issued pursuant to section 
212.7   169J.56 is rescinded because the license was improperly 
212.8   suspended and all rights of appeal have been exhausted or have 
212.9   expired, the commissioner shall remove the record of the 
212.10  suspension from the computer records that are disclosed to 
212.11  persons or agencies outside the driver and vehicle services 
212.12  division of the department of public safety. 
212.13     Subd. 6.  [DONOR DOCUMENTS.] The department shall file all 
212.14  donor documents received by it, and maintain convenient records 
212.15  so that donor status shall be readily ascertainable.  On request 
212.16  of any interested party upon or after the donor's death, the 
212.17  department shall produce the donor document for examination. 
212.18     Subd. 7.  [CERTAIN CONVICTIONS NOT RECORDED.] The 
212.19  department shall not keep on a driver's record any conviction 
212.20  for a violation of section 169D.11, subdivision 2, paragraph 
212.21  (a), clause (3), unless the violation consisted of a speed more 
212.22  than ten miles per hour over the lawful speed. 
212.23     Subd. 8.  [PRIVACY OF RESIDENCE ADDRESS.] (a) An applicant 
212.24  for a driver's license or a Minnesota identification card may 
212.25  request that the applicant's residence address be classified as 
212.26  private data on individuals, as defined in section 13.02, 
212.27  subdivision 12.  The commissioner shall grant the classification 
212.28  upon receiving the applicant's signed statement by the 
212.29  individual that the classification is required for the safety of 
212.30  the applicant or the applicant's family, if the statement also 
212.31  provides a valid, existing address where the applicant consents 
212.32  to receive service of process.  The commissioner shall use the 
212.33  mailing address in place of the residence address in all 
212.34  documents and notices concerning the driver's license or 
212.35  identification card.  The residence address and any information 
212.36  provided in the classification request, other than the mailing 
213.1   address, are private data on individuals and may be provided to 
213.2   requesting law enforcement agencies, probation and parole 
213.3   agencies, and public authorities, as defined in section 518.54, 
213.4   subdivision 9. 
213.5      (b) An applicant for a driver's license or a Minnesota 
213.6   identification card must be informed in a clear and conspicuous 
213.7   manner on the forms for the issuance or renewal that the 
213.8   applicant's personal information may be disclosed to any person 
213.9   who makes a request for the personal information, and that 
213.10  except for uses permitted by United States Code, title 18, 
213.11  section 2721, clause (b), the applicant may prohibit disclosure 
213.12  of the personal information by so indicating on the form. 
213.13     (c) An applicant for a driver's license or a Minnesota 
213.14  identification card must be also informed in a clear and 
213.15  conspicuous manner on forms that the applicant's personal 
213.16  information may be used, rented, or sold solely for bulk 
213.17  distribution by organizations for business purposes, including 
213.18  surveys, marketing, or solicitation.  The commissioner shall 
213.19  implement methods and procedures that enable the applicant to 
213.20  request that bulk surveys, marketing, or solicitation not be 
213.21  directed to the applicant.  If the applicant so requests, the 
213.22  commissioner shall implement the request in a timely manner and 
213.23  the personal information may not be so used. 
213.24     (d) To the extent permitted by United States Code, title 
213.25  18, section 2721, data on individuals provided to obtain a 
213.26  Minnesota identification card or a driver's license is public 
213.27  data on individuals and shall be disclosed as permitted by 
213.28  United States Code, title 18, section 2721, clause (b). 
213.29     Subd. 9.  [DISCLOSURE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION.] The 
213.30  commissioner shall disclose personal information where the use 
213.31  is related to the operation of a motor vehicle or to public 
213.32  safety, including public dissemination.  The use of personal 
213.33  information is related to public safety if it concerns the 
213.34  physical safety or security of drivers, vehicles, pedestrians, 
213.35  or property. 
213.36     Subd. 10.  [REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION; SURCHARGE ON FEE.] 
214.1   The commissioner shall impose a surcharge of 50 cents on each 
214.2   fee charged by the commissioner under section 13.03, subdivision 
214.3   3, for copies or electronic transmittal of public information 
214.4   concerning driver's license and Minnesota identification card 
214.5   applicants.  This surcharge applies only to a fee imposed in 
214.6   responding to a request made in person or by mail, or to a 
214.7   request for transmittal through a computer modem.  The surcharge 
214.8   does not apply to an individual's request for information 
214.9   concerning that individual's driver's license or Minnesota 
214.10  identification card.  The commissioner shall forward the 
214.11  surcharges collected under this subdivision to the commissioner 
214.12  of finance on a monthly basis.  Upon receipt, the commissioner 
214.13  of finance shall credit the surcharges to the general fund. 
214.14     Sec. 22.  [169J.29] [USE OF ANOTHER'S RESIDENCE ADDRESS.] 
214.15     A person may notify the commissioner in writing to the 
214.16  effect that the person (1) is the owner of a residence, and (2) 
214.17  does not consent to have that residence address identified on 
214.18  any driver's license or identification card or driving record of 
214.19  the department as the residence address or permanent mailing 
214.20  address of any person named in the notice.  The notice may not 
214.21  name a spouse of the notifying person.  Upon receiving the 
214.22  notice the commissioner shall not issue any license or 
214.23  identification card under this chapter, or accept an application 
214.24  for a license or identification card under this chapter, that 
214.25  lists the residence address identified in the notice as the 
214.26  residence address or permanent mailing address of any person 
214.27  named in the notice. 
214.28     Sec. 23.  [169J.31] [EXAMINATION.] 
214.29     Subdivision 1.  [APPLICANTS.] (a) Except as otherwise 
214.30  provided in this section, the commissioner shall examine each 
214.31  applicant for a driver's license by such agency as the 
214.32  commissioner directs.  This examination must include a test of 
214.33  the applicant's eyesight; ability to read and understand highway 
214.34  signs regulating, warning, and directing traffic; knowledge of 
214.35  traffic laws; knowledge of the effects of alcohol and drugs on a 
214.36  driver's ability to operate a motor vehicle safely and legally, 
215.1   and of the legal penalties and financial consequences resulting 
215.2   from violations of laws prohibiting the operation of a motor 
215.3   vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or drugs; knowledge 
215.4   of railroad grade crossing safety; knowledge of highway safety 
215.5   with respect to approaching, following, and passing slow-moving 
215.6   vehicles and the significance of the slow-moving vehicle emblem; 
215.7   knowledge of traffic laws related to bicycles; an actual 
215.8   demonstration of ability to exercise ordinary and reasonable 
215.9   control in the operation of a motor vehicle; and other physical 
215.10  and mental examinations as the commissioner finds necessary to 
215.11  determine the applicant's fitness to operate a motor vehicle 
215.12  safely upon the highways.  However, no driver's license shall be 
215.13  denied on the exclusive grounds that the applicant's eyesight is 
215.14  deficient in color perception, and a war veteran operating a 
215.15  motor vehicle especially equipped for handicapped persons, 
215.16  shall, if otherwise entitled to a license, be granted the 
215.17  license. 
215.18     (b) The commissioner shall arrange for examinations either 
215.19  in the county where the applicant resides or at a place adjacent 
215.20  thereto reasonably convenient to the applicant. 
215.21     Subd. 2.  [WAIVER.] The commissioner may waive the 
215.22  requirement that the applicant demonstrate ability to exercise 
215.23  ordinary and reasonable control in the operation of a motor 
215.24  vehicle on determining that the applicant possesses a valid 
215.25  driver's license issued by a jurisdiction that requires a 
215.26  comparable demonstration for license issuance. 
215.27     Subd. 3.  [DRIVER'S MANUAL; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.] (a) The 
215.28  commissioner shall include in each edition of the driver's 
215.29  manual published by the department a chapter concerning: 
215.30     (1) the effect of alcohol consumption on highway safety and 
215.31  on the ability of drivers to safely operate motor vehicles; 
215.32     (2) a summary of Minnesota's laws on operating a motor 
215.33  vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or a controlled 
215.34  substance; and 
215.35     (3) the legal penalties and financial consequences 
215.36  resulting from violations of laws prohibiting the operation of a 
216.1   motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or drugs. 
216.2      (b) This chapter shall also include information on the 
216.3   dangers of driving at alcohol concentration levels below the 
216.4   legal limit for alcohol concentration, and specifically state 
216.5   that: 
216.6      (1) there is no "safe" level or amount of alcohol that an 
216.7   individual can assume will not impair one's driving performance 
216.8   or increase the risk of a crash; 
216.9      (2) a driver may be convicted of driving while impaired 
216.10  whether or not the driver's alcohol concentration exceeds the 
216.11  legal limit for alcohol concentration; and 
216.12     (3) a person under the legal drinking age may be convicted 
216.13  of illegally consuming alcohol if found to have consumed any 
216.14  amount of alcohol, and if driving during or after the 
216.15  consumption of alcohol is subject to driver's license suspension.
216.16     Subd. 4.  [DRIVER'S MANUAL; OTHER MATTERS.] The 
216.17  commissioner shall include in each edition of the driver's 
216.18  manual published by the department sections concerning: 
216.19     (a) the criminal sanctions and forfeiture provisions 
216.20  applicable to a person who flees a peace officer in a motor 
216.21  vehicle; 
216.22     (b) safe operation of vehicles at railroad grade crossings; 
216.23     (c) bicycle traffic laws, including any changes in the law 
216.24  that affect bicycle traffic; and 
216.25     (d) the circumstances under which a driver must stop to 
216.26  yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian in a crosswalk and the 
216.27  penalties for failure to yield. 
216.28     Subd. 5.  [EXAMINATION UPON RENEWAL.] A driver's license 
216.29  shall be issued upon renewal when the applicant has passed an 
216.30  examination consisting of a screening of the applicant's 
216.31  eyesight.  Screening of eyesight required by this subdivision 
216.32  shall not be construed as the practice of optometry as defined 
216.33  in section 148.56. 
216.34     Subd. 6.  [EXAMINATION OF LICENSED DRIVER.] The 
216.35  commissioner may require an examination by such agency as the 
216.36  commissioner directs of any licensed driver, to determine 
217.1   incompetency, physical or mental disability or disease, or any 
217.2   other condition that might affect the driver from exercising 
217.3   reasonable and ordinary control over a motor vehicle.  No 
217.4   examination shall be required solely because a licensed driver 
217.5   has attained a certain age.  If because of the examination the 
217.6   commissioner believes that the driver is an unsafe person to 
217.7   operate a motor vehicle upon the public highways, the 
217.8   commissioner may cancel the person's driver's license.  The 
217.9   commissioner shall give the person written notice of the 
217.10  cancellation. 
217.11     Subd. 7.  [PENALTY; FAILURE TO SUBMIT TO EXAMINATION.] If a 
217.12  licensee does not submit to any examination required under the 
217.13  provisions of subdivision 6, the commissioner may cancel the 
217.14  licensee's driver's license.  If the license is canceled, the 
217.15  licensee shall immediately surrender to the department all 
217.16  driver's license certificates in the licensee's possession. 
217.17     Subd. 8.  [EXAMINATION FEE FOR VEHICLE ENDORSEMENT.] Any 
217.18  person applying for a motorcycle, school bus, tank vehicle, 
217.19  passenger, double-trailer or triple-trailer, or hazardous 
217.20  materials vehicle endorsement on the person's driver's license 
217.21  shall pay a $2.50 examination fee at the place of application. 
217.22                           LOSING LICENSE 
217.23     Sec. 24.  [169J.33] [PHYSICIAN'S REPORT TO COMMISSIONER.] 
217.24     Subdivision 1.  [VOLUNTARY REPORTING BY PHYSICIAN.] Any 
217.25  physician who diagnoses a physical or mental condition that in 
217.26  the physician's judgment will significantly impair the person's 
217.27  ability to operate safely a motor vehicle may voluntarily report 
217.28  the person's name and other information relevant to the 
217.29  condition to the commissioner.  The commissioner, upon receiving 
217.30  the report, shall require the person so reported to be examined 
217.31  as provided in section 169J.31, subdivision 6. 
217.32     Subd. 2.  [PHYSICIAN IMMUNE FROM LIABILITY.] Any physician 
217.33  reporting in good faith and exercising due care shall have 
217.34  immunity from any civil or criminal liability that otherwise 
217.35  might result because of actions pursuant to this section.  No 
217.36  cause of action may be brought against any physician for failing 
218.1   to make a report pursuant to this section. 
218.2      Sec. 25.  [169J.34] [CANCELLATION.] 
218.3      The commissioner may cancel any driver's license upon 
218.4   determination that the licensee was not entitled to the issuance 
218.5   thereof, or that the licensee failed to give the required or 
218.6   correct information in the application, or committed any fraud 
218.7   or deceit in making the application.  The commissioner may also 
218.8   cancel the driver's license of any person who, at the time of 
218.9   the cancellation, would not have been entitled to receive a 
218.10  license under the provisions of section 169J.03. 
218.11     Sec. 26.  [169J.35] [NONRESIDENT'S OPERATING PRIVILEGE.] 
218.12     Subdivision 1.  [SUSPENSION OR REVOCATION.] The privilege 
218.13  of operating a motor vehicle on the highways of this state given 
218.14  to a nonresident under this chapter shall be subject to 
218.15  suspension or revocation by the commissioner in like manner and 
218.16  for like cause as a driver's license issued under this chapter. 
218.17     Subd. 2.  [FORWARDING RECORD.] Upon receiving a record of a 
218.18  nonresident driver's conviction of any offense under the motor 
218.19  vehicle laws of this state, the commissioner may forward a 
218.20  certified copy of the record to the motor vehicle administrator 
218.21  in the state in which the person so convicted resides. 
218.22     Sec. 27.  [169J.36] [COURT MAY RECOMMEND SUSPENSION.] 
218.23     Subdivision 1.  [COURTS TO REPORT TO COMMISSIONER.] Every 
218.24  court shall forward to the department, within ten days, a record 
218.25  of any person's conviction for a violation of any law of this 
218.26  state or ordinance of a political subdivision regulating the 
218.27  operation of motor vehicles, except parking violations and 
218.28  defective vehicle equipment or vehicle size or weight violations.
218.29     Subd. 2.  [COMMISSIONER SHALL SUSPEND.] The court may 
218.30  recommend the suspension of the driver's license of the person 
218.31  so convicted.  The commissioner shall suspend the license as 
218.32  recommended by the court, without a hearing. 
218.33     Subd. 3.  [SUSPENSION FOR FAILURE TO PAY FINE.] (a) The 
218.34  commissioner shall suspend a person's driver's license when any 
218.35  court reports to the commissioner that the person: 
218.36     (1) has been convicted of violating a law of this state or 
219.1   an ordinance of a political subdivision that regulates the 
219.2   operation or parking of motor vehicles; 
219.3      (2) has been sentenced to a fine or had a penalty 
219.4   assessment levied, or sentenced to a fine upon which a penalty 
219.5   assessment was levied; and 
219.6      (3) has refused or failed to comply with the sentence or 
219.7   pay the penalty assessment, notwithstanding the court's 
219.8   determination that the person is able to pay the fine or penalty 
219.9   assessment. 
219.10     (b) The suspension under this section ends when: 
219.11     (1) the court notifies the commissioner of the payment of 
219.12  the fine or penalty assessment, or both if both previously were 
219.13  not paid; and 
219.14     (2) the reinstatement fee under section 169J.58, 
219.15  subdivision 1, has been paid. 
219.16     Subd. 4.  [JUVENILE COURT.] When any judge of a juvenile 
219.17  court, or any of its duly authorized agents, determines formally 
219.18  or informally that any person under the age of 18 years has 
219.19  violated any law of this state, or an ordinance of a political 
219.20  subdivision regulating the operation of motor vehicles on 
219.21  streets and highways, except parking violations, and except 
219.22  traffic offenses involving a violation of section 169B.11 
219.23  (driver under influence) or 169B.41 (refusal to test) that must 
219.24  be reported under section 169J.41, the judge or agent shall 
219.25  immediately report the determination to the department.  The 
219.26  judge or agent may recommend suspension of the person's driver's 
219.27  license.  The commissioner may suspend the license as 
219.28  recommended, without a hearing. 
219.29     Subd. 5.  [NOTICE OF SUSPENSION.] A suspension under this 
219.30  section is subject to the notice requirements of section 
219.31  169J.47, subdivision 2. 
219.32     Sec. 28.  [169J.37] [COMMERCIAL DRIVER'S LICENSE, 
219.33  DISQUALIFICATION.] 
219.34     Subdivision 1.  [FIRST VIOLATION.] Subject to section 
219.35  169J.38, the commissioner shall disqualify a person from 
219.36  operating commercial motor vehicles for one year upon receiving 
220.1   a record of the person's first conviction for a violation of any 
220.2   of the following in the commission of which a commercial motor 
220.3   vehicle was used: 
220.4      (a) section 169B.11 (driver under influence), 169B.41 
220.5   (refusal to test), or 169B.51 (substance-related commercial 
220.6   driving); 
220.7      (b) section 169C.51, subdivision 1 (leaving scene); 
220.8      (c) a felony, other than a felony described in subdivision 
220.9   3, paragraph (c); or 
220.10     (d) an offense committed in another state that would be 
220.11  grounds for disqualification under this subdivision or 
220.12  subdivision 2 if committed in Minnesota. 
220.13     Subd. 2.  [IMPLIED CONSENT REVOCATION.] The commissioner 
220.14  shall disqualify a person from operating commercial motor 
220.15  vehicles for one year after the effective date of a revocation 
220.16  under section 169B.35 or a statute or ordinance from another 
220.17  state in conformity with it, if the person was driving, 
220.18  operating, or in physical control of a commercial motor vehicle 
220.19  at the time of the incident on which the revocation is based. 
220.20     Subd. 3.  [GRAVE OR MULTIPLE OFFENSES.] Subject to section 
220.21  169J.38, the commissioner shall disqualify a person from 
220.22  operating commercial motor vehicles for: 
220.23     (a) not less than three years, for a conviction or 
220.24  revocation set forth in subdivision 1 or 2 committed during the 
220.25  transportation of hazardous materials; 
220.26     (b) not less than ten years, if the person is convicted a 
220.27  second or subsequent time of an offense set forth in subdivision 
220.28  1 or 2, a statute of another state or ordinance in conformity 
220.29  with it, or any combination of those offenses; or 
220.30     (c) life, if the person is convicted under chapter 609F of 
220.31  a felony involving the manufacture, sale, or distribution of a 
220.32  controlled substance, or involving the possession of a 
220.33  controlled substance with intent to manufacture, sell, or 
220.34  distribute it, and the person is found to have used a commercial 
220.35  motor vehicle in the commission of the felony. 
220.36     Subd. 4.  [SERIOUS TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS.] (a) On receiving a 
221.1   record of conviction and subject to section 169J.38, the 
221.2   commissioner shall disqualify a person from operating commercial 
221.3   motor vehicles for 60 days if the person is convicted of two 
221.4   serious traffic violations, or 120 days if convicted of three 
221.5   serious traffic violations.  The violations must involve 
221.6   separate incidents and must have been committed in a commercial 
221.7   motor vehicle within a three-year period. 
221.8      (b) For purposes of this subdivision, a serious traffic 
221.9   offense includes the following: 
221.10     (1) following too closely under section 169D.31, 
221.11  subdivision 8; 
221.12     (2) erratic lane change under sections 169D.31, 
221.13  subdivisions 3 and 7; and 169D.33, subdivision 4; 
221.14     (3) operating the commercial vehicle at a speed 15 miles 
221.15  per hour or more above the posted speed limit; 
221.16     (4) grossly negligent driving under section 169C.11; 
221.17     (5) careless driving under section 169C.31; 
221.18     (6) fleeing a peace officer under section 169C.71; and 
221.19     (7) a violation of a moving traffic statute of Minnesota or 
221.20  any state, or an ordinance in conformity with a Minnesota 
221.21  statute, that arose in connection with a fatal accident. 
221.22     Subd. 5.  [RULES.] The commissioner shall adopt rules to 
221.23  administer this section.  The rules must include procedures for 
221.24  issuing class D licenses to persons who have been disqualified 
221.25  from operating commercial motor vehicles but whose drivers' 
221.26  licenses have not otherwise been revoked, suspended, canceled, 
221.27  or denied. 
221.28     Subd. 6.  [EXEMPTIONS.] A disqualification shall not be 
221.29  imposed under this section on a recreational equipment operator, 
221.30  farmer, or firefighter operating a commercial motor vehicle 
221.31  within the scope of section 169J.03, subdivision 2, paragraph 
221.32  (a). 
221.33     Subd. 7.  [SCOPE.] This section applies to offenses 
221.34  committed, and revocations imposed for incidents occurring, on 
221.35  or after January 1, 1990. 
221.36     Sec. 29.  [169J.38] [REVIEW OF DISQUALIFICATION.] 
222.1      Subdivision 1.  [REVIEW OF CONVICTIONS.] The commissioner 
222.2   shall review court records of convictions subject to section 
222.3   169J.37, other than a violation of section 169B.11 (driver under 
222.4   influence), 169B.41 (refusal to test), or 169B.51 
222.5   (substance-related commercial driving), if the commissioner has 
222.6   reasonable cause to believe the information is pertinent to the 
222.7   disqualification of an individual. 
222.8      Subd. 2.  [NOTIFICATION TO THE SUBJECT OF A COMMERCIAL 
222.9   DRIVER'S LICENSE.] The commissioner shall notify the applicant 
222.10  or license holder and the individual who is the subject of a 
222.11  review, in writing, of the results of the review.  The 
222.12  commissioner shall notify the individual reviewed if the 
222.13  information contained in the review could cause license 
222.14  disqualification. 
222.15     Subd. 3.  [RECONSIDERATION OF LICENSE DISQUALIFICATION.] (a)
222.16  Within 30 days after receiving notice of possible 
222.17  disqualification under subdivision 2, the individual who is the 
222.18  subject of the review may request reconsideration of the notice 
222.19  of possible disqualification.  The individual must submit the 
222.20  request for reconsideration to the commissioner in writing.  The 
222.21  individual must present information to show that the information 
222.22  the commissioner relied upon is incorrect or not applicable for 
222.23  disqualification of the individual being reviewed. 
222.24     (b) The commissioner may set aside the disqualification if 
222.25  the commissioner finds that the information the commissioner 
222.26  relied upon is incorrect or not applicable for disqualification 
222.27  of the individual being reviewed. 
222.28     (c) The commissioner shall notify the applicant or license 
222.29  holder in writing of the reconsideration decision within 15 
222.30  working days after receiving the request for reconsideration.  
222.31  The disqualification takes effect 20 days after the person 
222.32  receives the reconsideration decision. 
222.33     Sec. 30.  [169J.41] [REVOCATION.] 
222.34     Subdivision 1.  [OFFENSES.] (a) The department shall 
222.35  immediately revoke the license of a driver upon receiving a 
222.36  record of the driver's conviction of: 
223.1      (1) manslaughter resulting from the operation of a motor 
223.2   vehicle or criminal vehicular homicide or injury under sections 
223.3   169B.111 to 169B.115, paragraph (a), or 169C.111 to 169C.115, 
223.4   paragraph (a); 
223.5      (2) a violation of section 169B.11 (driver under 
223.6   influence), 169B.41 (refusal to test), or 169C.71 (fleeing peace 
223.7   officer); 
223.8      (3) a felony in the commission of which a motor vehicle was 
223.9   used; 
223.10     (4) failure to stop and disclose identity and render aid, 
223.11  as required under section 169C.51, in the event of a motor 
223.12  vehicle accident, resulting in the death or personal injury of 
223.13  another; 
223.14     (5) perjury or the making of a false affidavit or statement 
223.15  to the department under any law relating to the ownership or 
223.16  operation of a motor vehicle; 
223.17     (6) except as this section otherwise provides, three 
223.18  charges of violating within 12 months any of the provisions of 
223.19  the vehicle code or of the rules or local ordinances enacted in 
223.20  conformance therewith, for which the accused upon conviction may 
223.21  be punished by incarceration; 
223.22     (7) two or more violations, within five years, of section 
223.23  169E.215 (second degree misdemeanor school bus safety violation 
223.24  by other driver); 
223.25     (8) a violation of section 169E.213 (first degree 
223.26  misdemeanor school bus safety violation by other driver); or 
223.27     (9) an offense in another state that, if committed in this 
223.28  state, would be grounds for revoking the driver's license. 
223.29     (b) The department shall immediately revoke the school bus 
223.30  endorsement of a driver upon receiving a record of the driver's 
223.31  conviction under section 169E.115. 
223.32     Subd. 2.  [OFFENSES BY JUVENILES.] When a juvenile court 
223.33  judge or duly authorized agent determines under a proceeding 
223.34  held under chapter 260 that a person under the age of 18 years 
223.35  has committed an offense defined in this section, the judge or 
223.36  agent shall immediately report this determination to the 
224.1   department.  The commissioner shall immediately revoke the 
224.2   person's driver's license. 
224.3      Subd. 3.  [NOTICE.] Upon revoking a driver's license under 
224.4   this chapter, the department shall immediately notify the 
224.5   licensee, in writing, by depositing in the United States post 
224.6   office a notice addressed to the licensee at the licensee's last 
224.7   known address, with postage prepaid. 
224.8      Sec. 31.  [169J.42] [REVOCATION; FLEEING PEACE OFFICER 
224.9   OFFENSE.] 
224.10     Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] The commissioner shall revoke 
224.11  the driver's license of a person upon receipt of a certificate 
224.12  of conviction showing that the person has in a motor vehicle 
224.13  violated section 169C.71.  The commissioner shall revoke the 
224.14  driver's license as follows: 
224.15     (a) for the first offense under section 169C.715, for not 
224.16  less than one year; 
224.17     (b) for an offense under section 169C.714, for not less 
224.18  than three years; 
224.19     (c) for an offense under section 169C.711, for not less 
224.20  than ten years; 
224.21     (d) for an offense under section 169C.712, for not less 
224.22  than seven years; and 
224.23     (e) for an offense under section 169C.713, for not less 
224.24  than five years. 
224.25     Subd. 2.  [LIMITED LICENSE.] A limited license under 
224.26  section 169J.75 may not be issued for one-half of the revocation 
224.27  period specified in subdivision 1, paragraphs (a) to (e), and 
224.28  after that period is over only upon and as recommended by the 
224.29  adjudicating court. 
224.30     Sec. 32.  [169J.43] [REVOCATION; CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE 
224.31  OFFENSE.] 
224.32     The commissioner shall revoke the driver's license of any 
224.33  person convicted of or any juvenile adjudicated for a controlled 
224.34  substance offense if the court has notified the commissioner of 
224.35  a determination made under section 260.185, subdivision 1 or 
224.36  609F.09.  The period of revocation shall be for the applicable 
225.1   time period specified in section 609F.09.  If the person does 
225.2   not have a driver's license or if the person's driver's license 
225.3   is suspended or revoked at the time of the conviction or 
225.4   adjudication, the commissioner shall, upon the person's 
225.5   application for driver's license issuance or reinstatement, 
225.6   delay the issuance or reinstatement of the person's driver's 
225.7   license for the applicable time period specified in section 
225.8   609F.07. 
225.9      Sec. 33.  [169J.45] [SUSPENSION; ILLEGAL PURCHASE OF 
225.10  ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.] 
225.11     The commissioner shall suspend for a period of 90 days the 
225.12  license of a person who: 
225.13     (a) is under the age of 21 years and is convicted of 
225.14  purchasing or attempting to purchase an alcoholic beverage in 
225.15  violation of section 340A.503 if the person used a driver's 
225.16  license, permit, or Minnesota identification card to purchase or 
225.17  attempt to purchase the alcoholic beverage; or 
225.18     (b) is convicted under section 169J.61, subdivision 3, 
225.19  paragraph (a), or 340A.503, subdivision 2, clause (3), of 
225.20  lending or knowingly permitting a person under the age of 21 
225.21  years to use the person's driver's license, permit, or Minnesota 
225.22  identification card to purchase or attempt to purchase an 
225.23  alcoholic beverage. 
225.24     Sec. 34.  [169J.47] [SUSPENSION GENERALLY.] 
225.25     Subdivision 1.  [OFFENSES.] (a) The commissioner may 
225.26  suspend a driver's license without preliminary hearing upon a 
225.27  showing by department records or other sufficient evidence that 
225.28  the licensee: 
225.29     (1) has committed an offense for which mandatory revocation 
225.30  of license is required upon conviction; 
225.31     (2) has been convicted by a court for violating a provision 
225.32  of the vehicle code or an ordinance regulating traffic, other 
225.33  than a conviction for a petty misdemeanor or infraction, and 
225.34  department records show that the violation contributed in 
225.35  causing an accident resulting in the death or personal injury of 
225.36  another, or serious property damage; 
226.1      (3) is an habitually negligent driver of a motor vehicle; 
226.2      (4) is an habitual violator of the traffic laws; 
226.3      (5) is incompetent to drive a motor vehicle as determined 
226.4   in a judicial proceeding; 
226.5      (6) has permitted an unlawful or fraudulent use of the 
226.6   license; 
226.7      (7) has committed an offense in another state that, if 
226.8   committed in this state, would be grounds for suspension; 
226.9      (8) has committed a violation of section 169E.215 (second 
226.10  degree misdemeanor school bus safety violation by other driver), 
226.11  within five years of a prior conviction under that section; 
226.12     (9) has committed a violation of section 169J.61, except 
226.13  that the commissioner may not suspend a person's driver's 
226.14  license based solely on the fact that the person possessed a 
226.15  fictitious or fraudulently altered Minnesota identification 
226.16  card; 
226.17     (10) has failed to respond to a traffic ticket as provided 
226.18  in section 169A.49, subdivision 4; 
226.19     (11) has failed to report a medical condition that, if 
226.20  reported, would have resulted in cancellation of driving 
226.21  privileges; or 
226.22     (12) has been found to have committed an offense under 
226.23  section 169B.61, subdivision 1 (underage drinking and driving). 
226.24     (b) However, an action taken by the commissioner under 
226.25  paragraph (a), clause (2) or (5), must conform to the court's 
226.26  recommendation when made in connection with the prosecution of 
226.27  the licensee. 
226.28     Subd. 2.  [NOTICE.] The department may not suspend a 
226.29  driver's license until 14 days after the date on which the 
226.30  department mails to the licensee a written notice of the 
226.31  department's intent to suspend the license, addressed to the 
226.32  licensee at the licensee's last known address, with postage 
226.33  prepaid.  Suspension of a driver's license shall take effect 
226.34  immediately upon a finding by the commissioner, based on 
226.35  department records or other sufficient evidence, that a delay in 
226.36  the effectiveness of the suspension poses a threat to public 
227.1   safety.  The department shall immediately notify the licensee of 
227.2   the suspension by mail, addressed to the licensee's last known 
227.3   address, with postage prepaid. 
227.4      Subd. 3.  [HEARING.] (a) The licensee may request, in 
227.5   writing, a hearing.  Within 20 days after receiving the request, 
227.6   the department shall afford the requesting licensee an 
227.7   opportunity for a hearing in the county where the licensee 
227.8   resides, unless the department and the licensee agree that the 
227.9   hearing may be held in another county. 
227.10     (b) For the hearing, the commissioner may administer oaths 
227.11  and issue subpoenas for the attendance of witnesses and the 
227.12  production of relevant books and papers, and may require a 
227.13  reexamination of the licensee. 
227.14     (c) Following the hearing, the department shall either 
227.15  rescind its order of suspension or, for good cause shown, may 
227.16  extend the suspension of the license or revoke the license. 
227.17     (d) The department shall not suspend a license for a period 
227.18  of more than one year. 
227.19     Sec. 35.  [169J.49] [RESIDENT DRIVING PRIVILEGE.] 
227.20     After revoking or suspending a Minnesota resident's 
227.21  driver's license because of a conviction in another state, the 
227.22  commissioner shall notify the other state when the commissioner 
227.23  reinstates the driver's license or issues a new license. 
227.24     Sec. 36.  [169J.51] [SUSPENSION; UNINSURED VEHICLE.] 
227.25     Subdivision 1.  [COPY OF JUDGMENT TO COMMISSIONER.] (a) If 
227.26  a person fails within 30 days to satisfy a judgment, as defined 
227.27  in section 169A.05, the court administrator, upon the judgment 
227.28  creditor's affidavit that the judgment has not been satisfied, 
227.29  shall immediately forward to the commissioner a certified copy 
227.30  of the judgment and affidavit of identification. 
227.31     (b) If the judgment debtor named in a certified copy of a 
227.32  judgment reported to the commissioner is a nonresident, the 
227.33  commissioner shall transmit a certified copy of the judgment to 
227.34  the official in charge of issuing driver's licenses of the state 
227.35  in which the judgment debtor resides. 
227.36     Subd. 2.  [CONDITIONS.] (a) The commissioner, upon 
228.1   receiving a certified copy of a judgment, shall suspend the 
228.2   license or the nonresident's operating privilege, of the person 
228.3   against whom judgment was rendered if: 
228.4      (1) at the time of the accident the person did not maintain 
228.5   the reparation security required by section 65B.48; and 
228.6      (2) the judgment has not been satisfied. 
228.7      (b) Suspensions under this section are subject to the 
228.8   notice requirements of section 169J.47, subdivision 2. 
228.9      Subd. 3.  [DURATION.] A license or nonresident's operating 
228.10  privilege shall remain suspended and shall not be renewed, nor 
228.11  shall a license be thereafter issued to the person until every 
228.12  judgment is satisfied in full, or has expired, or to the extent 
228.13  hereinafter provided. 
228.14     Subd. 4.  [STATEMENTS.] (a) A person whose license or 
228.15  nonresident's operating privilege has been suspended or has 
228.16  become subject to suspension because of an unsatisfied judgment 
228.17  may be relieved of the suspension by filing with the 
228.18  commissioner an affidavit stating: 
228.19     (1) that at the time of the accident giving rise to the 
228.20  judgment the person was insured; 
228.21     (2) that the insurer is liable for the judgment; and 
228.22     (3) the reason, if known, why the judgment has not been 
228.23  paid. 
228.24     (b) The affidavit shall be accompanied by a copy of the 
228.25  insurance policy and other documents the commissioner requires 
228.26  to show that the loss, injury, or damage giving rise to the 
228.27  judgment was covered by the policy. 
228.28     (c) If satisfied that the insurer was authorized to issue 
228.29  the policy and is liable for the judgment, at least to the 
228.30  extent and for the amounts required in this chapter, the 
228.31  commissioner: 
228.32     (1) shall not suspend the license; or 
228.33     (2) shall reinstate the license if already suspended. 
228.34     Sec. 37.  [169J.53] [SATISFACTION OF JUDGMENT.] 
228.35     Subdivision 1.  [REQUIREMENTS.] For the purposes of 
228.36  sections 169J.51 to 169J.54, a judgment is satisfied if: 
229.1      (a) $25,000 has been credited upon any judgment or 
229.2   judgments rendered exceeding that amount because of bodily 
229.3   injury to or death of one person as the result of any one 
229.4   accident; 
229.5      (b) subject to the limit of $25,000 because of bodily 
229.6   injury to or death of one person, the sum of $50,000 has been 
229.7   credited upon any judgment or judgments rendered exceeding that 
229.8   amount because of bodily injury to or death of two or more 
229.9   persons as the result of any one accident; or 
229.10     (c) $10,000 has been credited upon any judgment or 
229.11  judgments rendered exceeding that amount because of damage to or 
229.12  destruction of property of others as a result of any one 
229.13  accident. 
229.14     Subd. 2.  [OTHER PAYMENTS CREDITED.] Payments made in 
229.15  settlement of claims because of bodily injury, death, or 
229.16  property damage arising from a motor vehicle accident shall be 
229.17  credited in reduction of the amounts provided for in this 
229.18  section. 
229.19     Sec. 38.  [169J.54] [INSTALLMENT PAYMENTS.] 
229.20     Subdivision 1.  [AUTHORIZATION.] A judgment debtor upon due 
229.21  notice to the judgment creditor may apply to the court in which 
229.22  the judgment was rendered for the privilege of paying the 
229.23  judgment in installments.  The court, in its discretion and 
229.24  without prejudice to any other legal remedies that the judgment 
229.25  creditor may have, may so order and fix the amounts and times of 
229.26  payments of the installments. 
229.27     Subd. 2.  [STAY OF SUSPENSION.] The commissioner shall not 
229.28  suspend a license or a nonresident's operating privilege if the 
229.29  judgment debtor gives proof of maintaining the reparation 
229.30  security required by section 65B.48, obtains an order or makes a 
229.31  written agreement with the judgment creditor permitting the 
229.32  payment of the judgment in installments, and does not default on 
229.33  the payment of any installment. 
229.34     Subd. 3.  [TERMINATION OF STAY.] If the judgment debtor 
229.35  fails to pay any installment as specified by an order or 
229.36  agreement, then upon notice of default, the commissioner shall 
230.1   forthwith suspend the judgment debtor's license or nonresident's 
230.2   operating privilege until the judgment is satisfied. 
230.3      Sec. 39.  [169J.55] [COSTS PAID FROM TRUNK HIGHWAY FUND.] 
230.4      All costs incurred by the commissioner in carrying out the 
230.5   provisions of sections 169J.51 to 169J.54 shall be paid from the 
230.6   trunk highway fund. 
230.7      Sec. 40.  [169J.56] [SUSPENSION; NONPAYMENT OF SUPPORT.] 
230.8      Subdivision 1.  [SUSPENSION.] The commissioner shall 
230.9   suspend a person's driver's license or operating privileges 
230.10  without a hearing upon receiving a court order or notice from a 
230.11  public authority responsible for child support enforcement that 
230.12  states that the driver: 
230.13     (a) is in arrears in court-ordered child support or 
230.14  maintenance payments, or both, in an amount equal to or greater 
230.15  than three times the obligor's total monthly support and 
230.16  maintenance payments; and 
230.17     (b) is not in compliance with a written payment agreement 
230.18  regarding both current support and arrearages approved by a 
230.19  court, an administrative law judge, or the public authority 
230.20  responsible for child support enforcement, pursuant to section 
230.21  518.551, subdivision 13. 
230.22     Subd. 2.  [NOTICE.] Upon suspending a driver's license or 
230.23  operating privileges under this section, the department shall 
230.24  immediately notify the licensee, in writing, by mailing a notice 
230.25  addressed to the licensee at the licensee's last known address. 
230.26     Subd. 3.  [DURATION.] A license or operating privilege must 
230.27  remain suspended and may not be reinstated, nor may a license be 
230.28  subsequently issued to the person, until the commissioner 
230.29  receives notice from the court, an administrative law judge, or 
230.30  public authority responsible for child support enforcement that 
230.31  the person is in compliance with all current orders of support 
230.32  or written payment agreements regarding both current support and 
230.33  arrearages.  A fee may not be assessed for reinstating a license 
230.34  under this section. 
230.35     Sec. 41.  [169J.57] [PETITION FOR LICENSE REINSTATEMENT.] 
230.36     Subdivision 1.  [PETITION.] Any person whose driver's 
231.1   license has been refused, revoked, suspended, or canceled by the 
231.2   commissioner, except where the license is revoked under section 
231.3   169B.35 (refusal to test or excessive concentration), may file a 
231.4   petition for a hearing in the matter in the district court in 
231.5   the county wherein the person resides and, in the case of a 
231.6   nonresident, in the district court in any county. 
231.7      Subd. 2.  [HEARING.] The court shall set the matter for 
231.8   hearing upon 15 days' written notice to the commissioner, and 
231.9   thereupon take testimony and examine into the facts of the case 
231.10  to determine whether the petitioner is entitled to a license or 
231.11  is subject to revocation, suspension, cancellation, or refusal 
231.12  of license.  The court shall hear the petition without a jury.  
231.13  The commissioner may appear in person, or by agents or 
231.14  representatives, and may present evidence upon the hearing by 
231.15  affidavit personally, by agents, or by representatives.  The 
231.16  petitioner may present evidence by affidavit, but must be 
231.17  present at the hearing for the purpose of cross-examination. 
231.18     Subd. 3.  [DETERMINATION.] The court shall render judgment 
231.19  according to the evidence.  If the court sustains the 
231.20  department, the petitioner may not further petition any court 
231.21  for the purpose of obtaining a driver's license until one year 
231.22  after the date of the hearing. 
231.23     Sec. 42.  [169J.58] [REQUIREMENTS FOR REINSTATEMENT.] 
231.24     Subdivision 1.  [REINSTATEMENT FEE.] A person whose 
231.25  driver's license has been suspended under section 169J.36, 
231.26  subdivision 2; 169J.47, except subdivision 1, paragraph (a), 
231.27  clause (10); or 169J.51, or who has been disqualified from 
231.28  holding a commercial driver's license under section 169J.37, 
231.29  must pay a $20 fee before the license is reinstated.  When this 
231.30  fee is collected by a county-operated office of deputy 
231.31  registrar, a $3.50 handling charge is imposed.  The handling 
231.32  charge must be deposited in the treasury of the place for which 
231.33  the deputy registrar was appointed and the $20 reinstatement fee 
231.34  must be deposited in an approved state depository as directed 
231.35  under section 168.33, subdivision 2.  A suspension may be 
231.36  rescinded without fee for good cause. 
232.1      Subd. 2.  [DRIVER IMPROVEMENT CLINIC.] The commissioner may 
232.2   require, before reissuing a license that has been revoked or 
232.3   suspended, that the licensee complete a course of study at an 
232.4   approved driver improvement clinic.  The commissioner may not 
232.5   require the licensee to complete such a course unless an 
232.6   approved driver improvement clinic is located within 35 miles of 
232.7   the licensee's residence. 
232.8      Sec. 43.  [169J.59] [COPIES OF RECORDS AS EVIDENCE.] 
232.9      Copies of any of the department's files or records 
232.10  certified by the commissioner as true copies shall be received 
232.11  in evidence in any court in this state with the same force and 
232.12  effect as the originals. 
232.13                           UNLAWFUL ACTS
232.14     Sec. 44.  [169J.61] [UNLAWFUL ACTS REGARDING DRIVER'S 
232.15  LICENSE.] 
232.16     Subdivision 1.  [COUNTERFEITING LICENSE.] It is unlawful 
232.17  for any person to: 
232.18     (a) make a counterfeit driver's license, including a 
232.19  commercial driver's license; or 
232.20     (b) make a counterfeit Minnesota identification card. 
232.21     Subd. 2.  [FRAUDULENT CONDUCT REGARDING LICENSE.] With 
232.22  regard to any driver's license, including a commercial driver's 
232.23  license, it is unlawful for any person to: 
232.24     (a) display, cause, or permit to be displayed, or have in 
232.25  possession, any fictitious or fraudulently altered driver's 
232.26  license or Minnesota identification card; 
232.27     (b) alter any driver's license or Minnesota identification 
232.28  card; 
232.29     (c) take any part of the driver's license examination for 
232.30  another or to permit another to take the examination for that 
232.31  person; or 
232.32     (d) give another person's name and date of birth to any 
232.33  peace officer for the purpose of falsely identifying oneself to 
232.34  the peace officer. 
232.35     Subd. 3.  [OTHER UNLAWFUL CONDUCT.] With regard to any 
232.36  driver's license, including a commercial driver's license, it is 
233.1   unlawful for any person to: 
233.2      (a) lend the person's driver's license or Minnesota 
233.3   identification card to any other person or knowingly permit its 
233.4   use by another; 
233.5      (b) display or represent as one's own any driver's license 
233.6   or Minnesota identification card not issued to that person; 
233.7      (c) use a fictitious name or date of birth to any peace 
233.8   officer or in any application for a driver's license or 
233.9   Minnesota identification card; 
233.10     (d) knowingly make a false statement, knowingly conceal a 
233.11  material fact, or otherwise commit a fraud in any application 
233.12  for a driver's license or Minnesota identification card; or 
233.13     (e) display as a valid driver's license any canceled, 
233.14  revoked, or suspended driver's license.  A person whose driving 
233.15  privileges have been withdrawn may display a driver's license 
233.16  only for identification purposes. 
233.17     Sec. 45.  [169J.613] [GROSS MISDEMEANOR ACTS REGARDING 
233.18  DRIVER'S LICENSE.] 
233.19     Any person who violates section 169J.61, subdivision 1, is 
233.20  guilty of a gross misdemeanor. 
233.21     Sec. 46.  [169J.615] [FIRST DEGREE MISDEMEANOR ACTS 
233.22  REGARDING DRIVER'S LICENSE.] 
233.23     Any person who violates section 169J.61, subdivision 2, is 
233.24  guilty of a first degree misdemeanor. 
233.25     Sec. 47.  [169J.617] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR ACTS 
233.26  REGARDING DRIVER'S LICENSE.] 
233.27     Any person who violates section 169J.61, subdivision 3, is 
233.28  guilty of a second degree misdemeanor. 
233.29     Sec. 48.  [169J.63] [RENTING VEHICLE TO UNLICENSED DRIVER.] 
233.30     No person shall rent or lease a motor vehicle to any other 
233.31  person unless that person is then duly licensed under this 
233.32  chapter, or, in the case of a nonresident, duly licensed under 
233.33  the law of the state or country of residence unless the 
233.34  nonresident's home state or country does not require the driver 
233.35  to be licensed. 
233.36     Sec. 49.  [169J.65] [VIOLATIONS; DRIVING AFTER WITHDRAWAL 
234.1   OF DRIVING PRIVILEGES.] 
234.2      Subdivision 1.  [DRIVING AFTER SUSPENSION.] A person 
234.3   commits an unlawful act if: 
234.4      (a) the person's driver's license or driving privilege has 
234.5   been suspended; 
234.6      (b) the person has been given notice of or reasonably 
234.7   should know of the suspension; and 
234.8      (c) the person disobeys the order of suspension by 
234.9   operating in this state any motor vehicle, the operation of 
234.10  which requires a driver's license, while the person's license or 
234.11  privilege is suspended. 
234.12     Subd. 2.  [DRIVING AFTER REVOCATION.] A person commits an 
234.13  unlawful act if: 
234.14     (a) the person's driver's license or driving privilege has 
234.15  been revoked; 
234.16     (b) the person has been given notice of or reasonably 
234.17  should know of the revocation; and 
234.18     (c) the person disobeys the order of revocation by 
234.19  operating in this state any motor vehicle, the operation of 
234.20  which requires a driver's license, while the person's license or 
234.21  privilege is revoked. 
234.22     Subd. 3.  [DRIVING AFTER CANCELLATION.] A person commits an 
234.23  unlawful act if: 
234.24     (a) the person's driver's license or driving privilege has 
234.25  been canceled; 
234.26     (b) the person has been given notice of or reasonably 
234.27  should know of the cancellation; and 
234.28     (c) the person disobeys the order of cancellation by 
234.29  operating in this state any motor vehicle, the operation of 
234.30  which requires a driver's license, while the person's license or 
234.31  privilege is canceled. 
234.32     Subd. 4.  [DRIVING AFTER DISQUALIFICATION.] A person 
234.33  commits an unlawful act if the person: 
234.34     (a) has been disqualified from holding a commercial 
234.35  driver's license or from operating a commercial motor vehicle; 
234.36     (b) has been given notice of or reasonably should know of 
235.1   the disqualification; and 
235.2      (c) disobeys the order of disqualification by operating in 
235.3   this state a commercial motor vehicle while the person is 
235.4   disqualified to hold the license or privilege. 
235.5      Subd. 5.  [DRIVING AFTER CANCELLATION OR DENIAL AS INIMICAL 
235.6   TO PUBLIC SAFETY.] A person commits an unlawful act if: 
235.7      (a) the person's driver's license or driving privilege has 
235.8   been canceled or denied under section 169J.05, subdivision 1, 
235.9   paragraph (j); 
235.10     (b) the person has been given notice of or reasonably 
235.11  should know of the cancellation or denial; and 
235.12     (c) the person disobeys the order of cancellation or denial 
235.13  by operating in this state any motor vehicle, the operation of 
235.14  which requires a driver's license, while the person's license or 
235.15  privilege is canceled or denied. 
235.16     Subd. 6.  [SUFFICIENCY OF NOTICE.] (a) Notice of 
235.17  revocation, suspension, cancellation, or disqualification is 
235.18  sufficient if personally served, or if mailed by first class 
235.19  mail to the person's last known address or to the address listed 
235.20  on the person's driver's license.  Notice is also sufficient if 
235.21  the person was informed that revocation, suspension, 
235.22  cancellation, or disqualification would be imposed upon a 
235.23  condition occurring or failing to occur, and where the condition 
235.24  has in fact occurred or failed to occur. 
235.25     (b) It is not a defense that a person failed to file a 
235.26  change of address with the post office, or failed to notify the 
235.27  department of public safety of a change of name or address as 
235.28  required under section 169J.27. 
235.29     Subd. 7.  [NO OPERATION UNTIL REINSTATEMENT.] (a) A 
235.30  resident or nonresident whose driver's license or privilege to 
235.31  operate a motor vehicle in this state has been suspended, 
235.32  revoked, or canceled, shall not operate a motor vehicle in this 
235.33  state under license, permit, or registration certificate issued 
235.34  by another jurisdiction or otherwise during the suspension, or 
235.35  after the revocation until Minnesota driving privileges are 
235.36  reinstated. 
236.1      (b) A resident or nonresident who has been disqualified 
236.2   from holding a commercial driver's license or been denied the 
236.3   privilege to operate a commercial motor vehicle in this state 
236.4   shall not operate a commercial motor vehicle in this state under 
236.5   license, permit, or registration certificate issued by any other 
236.6   jurisdiction or otherwise during the disqualification period 
236.7   until Minnesota commercial driving privileges are reinstated. 
236.8      Subd. 8.  [DRIVING AFTER EXPIRATION.] A person commits an 
236.9   unlawful act if the person operates within this state any motor 
236.10  vehicle, the operation of which requires a driver's license, 
236.11  after the person's driver's license has expired as provided in 
236.12  section 169J.71. 
236.13     Sec. 50.  [169J.653] [GROSS MISDEMEANOR DRIVING AFTER 
236.14  CANCELLATION OR DENIAL AS INIMICAL TO PUBLIC SAFETY.] 
236.15     Subdivision 1.  [PENALTY.] Any person who violates section 
236.16  169J.65, subdivision 5, is guilty of a gross misdemeanor. 
236.17     Subd. 2.  [PROSECUTION.] The attorney in the jurisdiction 
236.18  in which the violation occurred who is responsible for 
236.19  prosecution of misdemeanor violations of section 169J.65 is also 
236.20  responsible for prosecution of gross misdemeanor violations 
236.21  thereof. 
236.22     Sec. 51.  [169J.655] [FIRST DEGREE MISDEMEANOR DRIVING 
236.23  AFTER DISQUALIFICATION.] 
236.24     Any person who violates section 169J.65, subdivision 4, is 
236.25  guilty of a first degree misdemeanor. 
236.26     Sec. 52.  [169J.657] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR DRIVING 
236.27  AFTER REVOCATION OR CANCELLATION.] 
236.28     Any person who violates section 169J.65, subdivision 2 or 
236.29  3, is guilty of a second degree misdemeanor. 
236.30     Sec. 53.  [169J.658] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR DRIVING 
236.31  AFTER SUSPENSION.] 
236.32     A person who violates section 169J.65, subdivision 1, is 
236.33  guilty of a third degree misdemeanor if the violation is 
236.34  committed within three years after a previous conviction under 
236.35  section 169J.03 or 169J.65. 
236.36     Sec. 54.  [169J.659] [INFRACTION DRIVING AFTER SUSPENSION 
237.1   OR EXPIRATION.] 
237.2      Subdivision 1.  [PENALTY.] A person is guilty of an 
237.3   infraction if: 
237.4      (a) except as provided in section 169J.658, the person 
237.5   violates section 169J.65, subdivision 1; or 
237.6      (b) the person violates section 169J.65, subdivision 8. 
237.7      Subd. 2.  [ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS FOR DRIVING AFTER 
237.8   SUSPENSION.] If, when the commissioner receives notification of 
237.9   the conviction under subdivision 1, paragraph (a), the person's 
237.10  license has been reinstated no additional withdrawal of driving 
237.11  privileges shall result from the conviction.  If the person's 
237.12  license is still under suspension when the commissioner receives 
237.13  notification of the conviction under subdivision 1, paragraph 
237.14  (a), the commissioner shall issue a notice of suspension as 
237.15  provided for under section 169J.47 and the rules issued by the 
237.16  commissioner.  If within the time period provided for in section 
237.17  169J.47 the person satisfies all requirements for reinstatement 
237.18  of the person's driver's license, then the notice of suspension 
237.19  shall be withdrawn and no additional withdrawal of license 
237.20  privileges shall result from the conviction. 
237.21                            ENFORCEMENT
237.22     Sec. 55.  [169J.67] [ENFORCEMENT; DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY.] 
237.23     The commissioner shall be charged with the responsibility 
237.24  for the administration and execution of this chapter.  Any 
237.25  duties required of or powers conferred on the commissioner under 
237.26  the provisions of this chapter may be performed or exercised by 
237.27  duly authorized agents. 
237.28     Sec. 56.  [169J.69] [MONEY CREDITED TO FUND.] 
237.29     All money received under this chapter must be paid into the 
237.30  state treasury and credited to the trunk highway fund, except as 
237.31  provided in sections 169J.13, subdivision 3 (two-wheeled vehicle 
237.32  endorsement); 169J.15, subdivision 14, paragraph (g) (designated 
237.33  parent identifier); 169J.29, subdivision 9 (request for 
237.34  information); and 169J.73, subdivision 2, paragraph (b) 
237.35  (driver's license reinstatement). 
237.36     Sec. 57.  [169J.71] [EXPIRATION OF LICENSE.] 
238.1      Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] The expiration date for each 
238.2   driver's license, other than under-21 licenses, is the driver's 
238.3   birthday in the fourth year following the date of the license's 
238.4   issuance.  The driver's birthday shall be as indicated on the 
238.5   application for a driver's license.  A license may be renewed on 
238.6   or before expiration or within one year after expiration upon 
238.7   application, payment of the required fee, and passing the 
238.8   examination required of all drivers for renewal.  Driving 
238.9   privileges shall be extended or renewed on or preceding the 
238.10  expiration date of an existing driver's license unless the 
238.11  commissioner believes that the licensee is no longer qualified 
238.12  as a driver. 
238.13     Subd. 2.  [UNDER-21 LICENSE.] The expiration date for each 
238.14  under-21 license shall be the licensee's 21st birthday.  Upon 
238.15  the licensee attaining the age of 21 and upon the application, 
238.16  payment of the required fee, and passing the examination 
238.17  required of all drivers for renewal, a driver's license shall be 
238.18  issued unless the commissioner determines that the licensee is 
238.19  no longer qualified as a driver. 
238.20     Subd. 3.  [MEMBER OF ARMED FORCES OR SPOUSE.] Any valid 
238.21  Minnesota driver's license issued to a person then or 
238.22  subsequently on active duty with the Armed Forces of the United 
238.23  States, or the person's spouse, shall continue in full force and 
238.24  effect without requirement for renewal until 90 days after the 
238.25  person's discharge from that duty.  However, a spouse's license 
238.26  must be renewed: 
238.27     (a) if the spouse resides within the state when the license 
238.28  expires; or 
238.29     (b) within 90 days after the spouse returns to Minnesota 
238.30  and resides within the state. 
238.31     Sec. 58.  [169J.73] [REVOKED LICENSE; EXAMINATION FOR NEW 
238.32  LICENSE.] 
238.33     Subdivision 1.  [EXAMINATION REQUIRED.] No person whose 
238.34  driver's license has been revoked because of conviction, plea of 
238.35  guilty, or forfeiture of bail not vacated, under section 169I.11 
238.36  (failure to insure) or 169J.41 (certain convictions), or revoked 
239.1   under section 169B.35 (refusal to test or excessive 
239.2   concentration) or 169I.21 (failure to insure) shall be issued 
239.3   another license until that person shall have successfully passed 
239.4   an examination as required by the commissioner. 
239.5      Subd. 2.  [FEES, ALLOCATION.] (a) A person whose driver's 
239.6   license has been revoked as provided in subdivision 1, except 
239.7   under section 169B.31 (driver-under-influence or refusal-to-test 
239.8   conviction) or 169B.35 (refusal to test or excessive 
239.9   concentration), shall pay a $30 fee before the driver's license 
239.10  is reinstated. 
239.11     (b) A person whose driver's license has been revoked as 
239.12  provided in subdivision 1 under section 169B.31 or 169B.35 shall 
239.13  pay a $250 fee plus a $10 surcharge before the driver's license 
239.14  is reinstated.  The $250 fee shall be credited as follows: 
239.15     (1) Twenty percent to the trunk highway fund. 
239.16     (2) Fifty-five percent to the general fund. 
239.17     (3) Eight percent to a separate account to be known as the 
239.18  bureau of criminal apprehension account.  Money in this account 
239.19  may be appropriated to the commissioner of public safety and the 
239.20  appropriated amount shall be apportioned 80 percent for 
239.21  laboratory costs and 20 percent for carrying out the provisions 
239.22  of section 299C.065. 
239.23     (4) Twelve percent to a separate account to be known as the 
239.24  alcohol-impaired driver education account.  Money in the account 
239.25  may be appropriated to the commissioner of children, families, 
239.26  and learning for programs in elementary and secondary schools. 
239.27     (5) Five percent to a separate account to be known as the 
239.28  traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury account.  $100,000 
239.29  is annually appropriated from the account to the commissioner of 
239.30  human services for traumatic brain injury case management 
239.31  services.  The remaining money in the account is annually 
239.32  appropriated to the commissioner of health to establish and 
239.33  maintain the traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury 
239.34  registry created in section 144.662 and to reimburse the 
239.35  commissioner of economic security for the reasonable cost of 
239.36  services provided under section 268A.03, clause (o). 
240.1      (c) The $10 surcharge shall be credited to a separate 
240.2   account to be known as the remote electronic alcohol monitoring 
240.3   pilot program account.  Up to $250,000 is annually appropriated 
240.4   from this account to the commissioner of corrections for a 
240.5   remote electronic alcohol monitoring pilot program.  The 
240.6   unencumbered balance remaining in the first year of the biennium 
240.7   does not cancel but is available for the second year. 
240.8      Subd. 3.  [COMPLIANCE WITH IMPOUNDMENT LAWS.] A person 
240.9   whose license has been revoked under section 169B.31 
240.10  (driver-under-influence or refusal-to-test conviction) or 
240.11  169B.35 (refusal to test or excessive concentration) may not be 
240.12  issued another license at the end of the revocation period 
240.13  unless the person has complied with all applicable license plate 
240.14  impoundment provisions of sections 169N.21 and 169N.23. 
240.15     Sec. 59.  [169J.75] [LIMITED LICENSE.] 
240.16     Subdivision 1.  [CONDITIONS OF ISSUANCE.] (a) In any case 
240.17  where a person's license has been suspended under section 
240.18  169J.46 or 169J.47, or revoked under section 169B.31 (driver- 
240.19  under-influence or refusal-to-test conviction), 169B.35 (refusal 
240.20  to test or excessive concentration), 169I.21 (failure to 
240.21  insure), 169J.41 (certain convictions), or 169J.45 
240.22  (controlled-substance conviction), the commissioner may issue a 
240.23  limited license to the driver including under the following 
240.24  conditions: 
240.25     (1) if the driver's livelihood or attendance at a chemical 
240.26  dependency treatment or counseling program depends upon the use 
240.27  of the driver's license; 
240.28     (2) if the use of a driver's license by a homemaker is 
240.29  necessary to prevent the substantial disruption of the 
240.30  education, medical, or nutritional needs of the homemaker's 
240.31  family; or 
240.32     (3) if attendance at a post-secondary institution of 
240.33  education by an enrolled student of that institution depends 
240.34  upon the use of the driver's license. 
240.35     (b) The commissioner in issuing a limited license may 
240.36  impose conditions and limitations that in the commissioner's 
241.1   judgment are necessary to the interests of the public safety and 
241.2   welfare including reexamination as to the driver's 
241.3   qualifications.  The license may be limited to the operation of 
241.4   particular vehicles, to particular classes and times of 
241.5   operation, and to particular conditions of traffic.  The 
241.6   commissioner may require that an applicant for a limited license 
241.7   affirmatively demonstrate that use of public transportation or 
241.8   carpooling as an alternative to a limited license would be a 
241.9   significant hardship. 
241.10     (c) The limited license issued by the commissioner shall 
241.11  clearly indicate the limitations imposed and the driver 
241.12  operating under the limited license shall have the license in 
241.13  possession whenever operating as a driver. 
241.14     (d) In determining whether to issue a limited license, the 
241.15  commissioner shall consider the number and the seriousness of 
241.16  prior convictions and the driver's entire driving record and 
241.17  shall consider the number of miles driven by the driver annually.
241.18     (e) If the person's driver's license or permit to drive has 
241.19  been revoked under section 169I.21, the commissioner may only 
241.20  issue a limited license to the person after the person has 
241.21  presented an insurance identification card, policy, or written 
241.22  statement of coverage indicating that the driver or owner has 
241.23  insurance coverage satisfactory to the commissioner.  The 
241.24  commissioner may require the insurance identification card 
241.25  provided to satisfy this subdivision be certified by the 
241.26  insurance company to be noncancelable for a period not to exceed 
241.27  12 months. 
241.28     Subd. 2.  [60-DAY WAITING PERIOD.] A limited license shall 
241.29  not be issued for a period of 60 days to an individual whose 
241.30  license or privilege has been revoked or suspended for 
241.31  commission of the following offenses: 
241.32     (a) any felony in the commission of which a motor vehicle 
241.33  was used; or 
241.34     (b) failure to stop and disclose identity as required under 
241.35  section 169C.51, in the event of a motor vehicle accident 
241.36  resulting in the death or personal injury of another. 
242.1      Subd. 3.  [OTHER WAITING PERIODS.] Notwithstanding 
242.2   subdivision 2, a limited license shall not be issued for a 
242.3   period of: 
242.4      (a) 15 days, to a person whose license or privilege has 
242.5   been revoked or suspended for a violation of section 169B.11 
242.6   (driver under influence) or 169B.41 (refusal to test), or a 
242.7   statute or ordinance from another state in conformity with 
242.8   either of those sections; 
242.9      (b) 90 days, to a person who submitted to testing under 
242.10  section 169B.21 if the person's license or privilege has been 
242.11  revoked or suspended for a second or subsequent violation of 
242.12  section 169B.11 or 169B.41, or a statute or ordinance from 
242.13  another state in conformity with either of those sections; 
242.14     (c) 180 days, to a person who refused testing under section 
242.15  169B.21 if the person's license or privilege has been revoked or 
242.16  suspended for a second or subsequent violation of section 
242.17  169B.11 or 169B.41, or a statute or ordinance from another state 
242.18  in conformity with either of those sections; or 
242.19     (d) one year, to a person whose license or privilege has 
242.20  been revoked or suspended for committing manslaughter resulting 
242.21  from the operation of a motor vehicle, committing criminal 
242.22  vehicular homicide or injury under sections 169B.111 to 
242.23  169B.115, paragraph (a), or 169C.111 to 169C.115, paragraph (a), 
242.24  or violating a statute or ordinance from another state in 
242.25  conformity with either of those offenses. 
242.26     Subd. 4.  [WAITING PERIOD FOR YOUTH UNDER 18.] If a person 
242.27  whose driver's license was suspended or revoked for a violation 
242.28  listed under subdivision 2 or 3 is under the age of 18 years at 
242.29  the time of that violation, the commissioner shall not issue a 
242.30  limited license to the person for a period of time that is the 
242.31  longer of: 
242.32     (a) 90 days; or 
242.33     (b) twice the length of the period specified for that 
242.34  violation in subdivision 2 or 3. 
242.35     Subd. 5.  [CONDITIONS ON ISSUANCE.] The commissioner shall 
242.36  issue a limited license restricted to the vehicles whose 
243.1   operation is permitted only under a class A, class B, or class C 
243.2   license whenever a class A, class B, or class C license has been 
243.3   suspended under section 169J.47, or revoked under section 
243.4   169J.41, for violation of the vehicle code committed in a 
243.5   private passenger motor vehicle.  This subdivision shall not 
243.6   apply to any persons described in section 169J.05, subdivision 
243.7   1, paragraphs (f), (g), (h), (j), (k), and (n), or any person 
243.8   whose license or privilege has been suspended or revoked for a 
243.9   violation of section 169B.11 (driver under influence) or 169B.41 
243.10  (refusal to test), or a statute or ordinance from another state 
243.11  in conformity with either of those sections. 
243.12     Subd. 6.  [UNLAWFUL ACTS.] A person who violates a 
243.13  condition or limitation of a limited license issued under 
243.14  subdivision 1 or fails to have the license in immediate 
243.15  possession when operating a motor vehicle commits an unlawful 
243.16  act. 
243.17     Subd. 7.  [ADDITIONAL SUSPENSION.] A person who violates a 
243.18  condition or limitation of a limited license may not operate a 
243.19  motor vehicle for the remainder of the period of any suspension 
243.20  or revocation, or 30 days, whichever is longer. 
243.21     Sec. 60.  [169J.755] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR VIOLATION 
243.22  OF LIMITED LICENSE.] 
243.23     Whoever violates section 169J.75, subdivision 6, is guilty 
243.24  of a second degree misdemeanor. 
243.25     Sec. 61.  [169J.77] [LICENSE VIOLATIONS; CONSECUTIVE 
243.26  SENTENCING.] 
243.27     The court may impose consecutive sentences for offenses 
243.28  arising out of a single course of conduct as permitted in 
243.29  section 169A.25 when sentencing an offender for violating: 
243.30     (a) section 169J.65 (driving after withdrawal of driving 
243.31  privileges); or 
243.32     (b) section 169J.75 (violation of limited license). 
243.33     Sec. 62.  [169J.79] [PERSONS RECEIVING BENEFITS FOR 
243.34  BLINDNESS, DISCOVERY AND USE OF INFORMATION.] 
243.35     Subdivision 1.  [DISCOVERY OF INFORMATION.] The 
243.36  commissioner, to promote highway safety by restricting driving 
244.1   privileges to those persons meeting accepted visual acuity 
244.2   standards, may request and shall receive information concerning 
244.3   the identity and whereabouts of any person who has applied for 
244.4   or received any type of welfare, licensing, or other benefits 
244.5   for the blind or nearly blind, from the records of all 
244.6   departments, boards, bureaus, or other agencies of this state 
244.7   except the department of revenue.  The agency shall provide the 
244.8   information notwithstanding the provisions of section 268.12, 
244.9   subdivision 12, or any other existing law or rule to the 
244.10  contrary, except that section 270B.02, subdivision 1, prohibits 
244.11  disclosure of information by the commissioner of revenue. 
244.12     Subd. 2.  [ACTIONS BY COMMISSIONER.] The commissioner upon 
244.13  receiving information under subdivision 1 shall take such action 
244.14  as the commissioner deems necessary to ensure that the person 
244.15  meets the accepted visual acuity standards required of all 
244.16  driver's license applicants and such further action as required 
244.17  by law or rule.  The driver's license of any person who has been 
244.18  classified as legally blind shall be immediately canceled. 
244.19     Subd. 3.  [VISUAL ACUITY EXAMINATION.] Any person who is 
244.20  notified that the person's driver's license may be canceled 
244.21  because of a defect of visual acuity pursuant to the provisions 
244.22  of this section may demand and shall receive the standard visual 
244.23  acuity examination required of all driver's license applicants, 
244.24  or may be examined by a qualified physician of the person's 
244.25  choice. 
244.26     Subd. 4.  [USE OF EXAMINATION DATA.] The results of any 
244.27  visual acuity examination administered because of information 
244.28  received pursuant to this section may be communicated by the 
244.29  commissioner to the department from which the person received a 
244.30  benefit.  The information received by the commissioner pursuant 
244.31  to this section must not be divulged or otherwise made known in 
244.32  any manner except in connection with the cancellation of 
244.33  drivers' licenses, and then only to the person whose license is 
244.34  canceled, and except for statistical purposes that do not reveal 
244.35  the identity of the individuals involved.  The person's record 
244.36  with respect to visual acuity shall be maintained in the same 
245.1   manner as all other driver license records. 
245.2                          SCHOOL BUS DRIVERS
245.3      Sec. 63.  [169J.81] [QUALIFICATIONS OF SCHOOL BUS DRIVERS.] 
245.4      Subdivision 1.  [ENDORSEMENT.] No person shall drive a 
245.5   school bus when transporting school children to or from school 
245.6   or upon a school-related trip or activity without having a valid 
245.7   class A, class B, or class C driver's license with a school bus 
245.8   endorsement except that a person possessing a valid driver's 
245.9   license but not a school bus endorsement may drive a vehicle 
245.10  with a seating capacity of ten or fewer persons used as a school 
245.11  bus but not outwardly equipped or identified as a school bus. 
245.12     Subd. 2.  [RULES.] (a) The commissioner shall prescribe 
245.13  rules governing the physical qualifications of school bus 
245.14  drivers and tests required to obtain a school bus endorsement.  
245.15  The rules must provide that an applicant for a school bus 
245.16  endorsement or renewal is exempt from the physical 
245.17  qualifications and medical examination required to operate a 
245.18  school bus upon providing evidence of being medically examined 
245.19  and certified within the preceding 24 months as physically 
245.20  qualified to operate a commercial motor vehicle, pursuant to 
245.21  Code of Federal Regulations, title 49, part 391, subpart E, or 
245.22  rules of the commissioner of transportation incorporating those 
245.23  federal regulations. 
245.24     (b) The commissioner of public safety, in conjunction with 
245.25  the commissioner of economic security, shall adopt a training 
245.26  program for Head Start bus drivers.  Adoption of this program is 
245.27  not subject to chapter 14.  The program must provide for initial 
245.28  classroom and behind-the-wheel training, and annual in-service 
245.29  training.  The program must provide training in defensive 
245.30  driving, human relations, emergency and accident procedures, 
245.31  vehicle maintenance, traffic laws, and use of safety equipment.  
245.32  The program must provide that the training will be conducted by: 
245.33     (1) the contract operator for a Head Start agency, the Head 
245.34  Start grantee, a licensed driver education school; or 
245.35     (2) another person or entity approved by both commissioners.
245.36     Subd. 3.  [STUDY OF APPLICANT.] (a) Before issuing or 
246.1   renewing a school bus endorsement, the commissioner shall 
246.2   conduct a criminal and driver's license records check of the 
246.3   applicant.  The commissioner may also conduct the check at any 
246.4   time while a person is so licensed.  The check shall consist of 
246.5   a criminal records check of the state criminal records 
246.6   repository and a check of the driver's license records system.  
246.7   If the applicant has resided in Minnesota for less than five 
246.8   years, the check shall also include a criminal records check of 
246.9   information from the state law enforcement agencies in the 
246.10  states where the person resided during the five years before 
246.11  moving to Minnesota, and of the national criminal records 
246.12  repository including the criminal justice data communications 
246.13  network.  The applicant's failure to cooperate with the 
246.14  commissioner in conducting the records check is reasonable cause 
246.15  to deny an application or cancel a school bus endorsement.  The 
246.16  commissioner may not release the results of the records check to 
246.17  any person except the applicant. 
246.18     (b) The commissioner may issue to an otherwise qualified 
246.19  applicant a temporary school bus endorsement, effective for no 
246.20  more than 120 days, upon presentation of (1) an affidavit by the 
246.21  applicant that the applicant has not been convicted of a 
246.22  disqualifying offense and (2) a criminal history check from each 
246.23  state of residence for the previous five years.  The criminal 
246.24  history check may be conducted and prepared by any public or 
246.25  private source acceptable to the commissioner. 
246.26     Subd. 4.  [TRAINING.] (a) No person shall drive a class A, 
246.27  B, C, or D school bus when transporting school children to or 
246.28  from school or upon a school-related trip or activity without 
246.29  having demonstrated sufficient skills and knowledge to transport 
246.30  students in a safe and legal manner.  A bus driver must have 
246.31  training or experience that allows the driver to meet at least 
246.32  the following competencies: 
246.33     (1) safely operate the type of school bus the driver will 
246.34  be driving; 
246.35     (2) understand student behavior, including issues relating 
246.36  to students with disabilities; 
247.1      (3) encourage orderly conduct of students on the bus and 
247.2   handle incidents of misconduct appropriately; 
247.3      (4) know and understand relevant laws, rules of the road, 
247.4   and local school bus safety policies; 
247.5      (5) handle emergency situations; and 
247.6      (6) safely load and unload students. 
247.7      (b) The commissioner of public safety, in conjunction with 
247.8   the commissioner of children, families, and learning, shall 
247.9   develop a comprehensive model school bus driver training program 
247.10  and model assessments for school bus driver training 
247.11  competencies.  The program and assessment are not subject to 
247.12  chapter 14.  A school district may use alternative assessments 
247.13  for bus driver training competencies with the approval of the 
247.14  commissioner of public safety. 
247.15     Subd. 5.  [ANNUAL EVALUATION.] A school district's pupil 
247.16  transportation safety director, the chief administrator of a 
247.17  nonpublic school, or a private contractor shall certify annually 
247.18  to the commissioner that, at minimum, each school bus driver 
247.19  meets the school bus driver training competencies under 
247.20  subdivision 4 and shall report the number of hours of in-service 
247.21  training completed by each driver.  A school district, nonpublic 
247.22  school, or private contractor also shall provide in-service 
247.23  training annually to each school bus driver.  A district, 
247.24  nonpublic school, or private contractor also shall check the 
247.25  license of each person who transports students for the district 
247.26  with the National Drivers Register or the department of public 
247.27  safety annually.  The school board must approve and forward the 
247.28  competency certification and in-service report to the 
247.29  commissioner. 
247.30     Sec. 64.  [169J.83] [CANCELING BUS ENDORSEMENTS FOR CERTAIN 
247.31  OFFENSES.] 
247.32     Subdivision 1.  [CANCELLATION FOR DISQUALIFYING AND OTHER 
247.33  OFFENSES.] (a) Within ten days after receiving notice under 
247.34  section 631.40, subdivision 1a, or otherwise receiving notice 
247.35  for a nonresident driver, that a school bus driver has been 
247.36  convicted of a disqualifying offense, the commissioner shall 
248.1   permanently cancel the school bus driver's endorsement on the 
248.2   offender's driver's license and in the case of a nonresident, 
248.3   the driver's privilege to operate a school bus in Minnesota.  A 
248.4   school bus driver whose endorsement or privilege to operate a 
248.5   school bus in Minnesota has been permanently canceled may not 
248.6   apply for reinstatement. 
248.7      (b) Within ten days after receiving notice under section 
248.8   631.40, subdivision 1a, or otherwise receiving notice for a 
248.9   nonresident driver, that a school bus driver has been convicted 
248.10  of a gross misdemeanor, or a violation of section 169B.11 
248.11  (driver under influence), 169B.41 (refusal to test), or a 
248.12  similar statute or ordinance from another state, and within ten 
248.13  days after revoking a school bus driver's license under section 
248.14  169B.35 (refusal to test or excessive concentration), the 
248.15  commissioner shall cancel the school bus driver's endorsement on 
248.16  the offender's driver's license or the nonresident's privilege 
248.17  to operate a school bus in Minnesota for five years.  After five 
248.18  years, a school bus driver may apply to the commissioner for 
248.19  reinstatement.  Even after five years, cancellation of a school 
248.20  bus driver's endorsement or a nonresident's privilege to operate 
248.21  a school bus in Minnesota for a violation under section 169B.11, 
248.22  169B.41, or a similar statute or ordinance from another state, 
248.23  shall remain in effect until the driver provides proof of 
248.24  successful completion of an alcohol or controlled substance 
248.25  treatment program.  For a first offense, proof of completion is 
248.26  required only if treatment was ordered as part of a chemical use 
248.27  assessment.  Within ten days after receiving notice under 
248.28  section 631.40, subdivision 1a, or otherwise receiving notice 
248.29  for a nonresident driver, that a school bus driver has been 
248.30  convicted of a fourth moving violation in the last three years, 
248.31  the commissioner shall cancel the school bus driver's 
248.32  endorsement on the offender's driver's license or the 
248.33  nonresident's privilege to operate a school bus in Minnesota 
248.34  until one year has elapsed since the last conviction.  A school 
248.35  bus driver who has no new convictions after one year may apply 
248.36  for reinstatement. 
249.1      (c) Upon canceling the offender's school bus driver's 
249.2   endorsement, the commissioner shall immediately notify the 
249.3   licensed offender of the cancellation in writing, by depositing 
249.4   in the United States post office a notice addressed to the 
249.5   licensed offender at the licensed offender's last known address, 
249.6   with postage prepaid thereon. 
249.7      Subd. 2.  [CANCELLATION FOR CRIME AGAINST MINOR.] (a) The 
249.8   commissioner shall permanently cancel the passenger endorsement 
249.9   on a Head Start bus driver's license within ten days after 
249.10  receiving notice that the driver has committed against a minor 
249.11  victim that constitutes a violation of: 
249.12     (1) section 169B.111 or 169C.111 (vehicular homicide); 
249.13     (2) sections 609C.11 to 609C.155 (murder or manslaughter); 
249.14     (3) sections 609C.211 to 609C.213 (first through third 
249.15  degree felony assault); 
249.16     (4) sections 609C.511 to 609C.517 (felony criminal sexual 
249.17  conduct); 
249.18     (5) section 609D.35 (soliciting child to engage in sexual 
249.19  conduct); or 
249.20     (6) a felony violation of section 609D.33 (maliciously 
249.21  punishing child) or 609L.11 to 609L.17 (crimes related to 
249.22  prostitution). 
249.23     (b) Upon canceling the offender's passenger endorsement, 
249.24  the commissioner shall immediately notify the licensed offender 
249.25  of the cancellation in writing, by depositing in the United 
249.26  States post office a notice addressed to the licensed offender 
249.27  at the licensed offender's last known address, with postage 
249.28  prepaid thereon. 
249.29     Subd. 3.  [BACKGROUND CHECK.] (a) Before issuing or 
249.30  renewing a driver's license with a school bus driver's 
249.31  endorsement, the commissioner shall conduct an investigation to 
249.32  determine if: 
249.33     (1) the applicant has been convicted of: 
249.34     (i) a disqualifying offense; 
249.35     (ii) four moving violations in the previous three years; 
249.36     (iii) a violation of section 169B.11 (driver under 
250.1   influence), 169B.41 (refusal to test), or a similar statute or 
250.2   ordinance from another state; or 
250.3      (iv) a gross misdemeanor; or 
250.4      (2) the applicant's driver's license has been revoked under 
250.5   section 169B.35 (refusal to test or excessive concentration). 
250.6      (b) If the applicant has been convicted of a disqualifying 
250.7   offense, the commissioner shall not issue a new bus driver's 
250.8   endorsement or renew an existing bus driver's endorsement. 
250.9      (c) The commissioner shall not issue a new bus driver's 
250.10  endorsement or renew an existing bus driver's endorsement if: 
250.11     (1) within the previous five years, the applicant has been 
250.12  convicted of: 
250.13     (i) a violation of section 169B.11, 169B.41, or a similar 
250.14  statute or ordinance from another state; 
250.15     (ii) a gross misdemeanor; or 
250.16     (2) within the previous three years, the applicant has been 
250.17  convicted of four moving violations; or 
250.18     (3) the applicant's driver's license has been revoked under 
250.19  section 169B.35. 
250.20     (d) To receive a bus driver's endorsement, an applicant who 
250.21  has been convicted of violating section 169B.11, 169B.41, or a 
250.22  similar statute or ordinance from another state, or who has had 
250.23  a license revocation under section 169B.35 within the previous 
250.24  ten years must show proof of successful completion of an alcohol 
250.25  or controlled substance treatment program.  For a first offense, 
250.26  proof of completion is required only if treatment was ordered as 
250.27  part of a chemical use assessment. 
250.28     (e) A school district or contractor that employs a 
250.29  nonresident school bus driver must conduct a background check of 
250.30  the employee's driving record and criminal history in both 
250.31  Minnesota and the driver's state of residence. 
250.32     (f) Convictions for disqualifying offenses, gross 
250.33  misdemeanors, a fourth moving violation within the previous 
250.34  three years, or violations of section 169B.11, 169B.41, or a 
250.35  similar statute or ordinance in another state, must be reported 
250.36  to the department of public safety. 
251.1      Subd. 4.  [WAIVER OF PERMANENT CANCELLATION.] The 
251.2   commissioner, in consultation with the school bus safety 
251.3   advisory committee, may waive the permanent cancellation 
251.4   requirement of this section for a person convicted of a 
251.5   nonfelony violation of chapter 609F (controlled substances) or a 
251.6   felony that is not a violent crime under section 609A.07. 
251.7                              AGE LIMITS 
251.8      Sec. 65.  [169J.85] [AGE LIMIT FOR OPERATOR OF VEHICLE FOR 
251.9   HIRE.] 
251.10     No minor shall: 
251.11     (a) operate a motor vehicle while it is in use as a carrier 
251.12  of persons for hire; or 
251.13     (b) drive a passenger-carrying vehicle as a hired driver. 
251.14                             ARTICLE 8 
251.15                       DRIVER LICENSE COMPACT 
251.16     Section 1.  [169K.11] [DRIVER LICENSE COMPACT.] 
251.17     The driver license compact is enacted into law and entered 
251.18  into with all other jurisdictions legally joining in it, in the 
251.19  form substantially as follows: 
251.20                     DRIVER LICENSE COMPACT 
251.21                            ARTICLE I 
251.22                Findings and Declaration of Policy 
251.23     (a) The party states find that: 
251.24     (1) The safety of their streets and highways is materially 
251.25  affected by the degree of compliance with state and local 
251.26  ordinances relating to the operation of motor vehicles. 
251.27     (2) Violation of such a law or ordinance is evidence that 
251.28  the violator engages in conduct which is likely to endanger the 
251.29  safety of persons and property. 
251.30     (3) The continuance in force of a license to drive is 
251.31  predicated upon compliance with laws and ordinances relating to 
251.32  the operation of motor vehicles, in whichever jurisdiction the 
251.33  vehicle is operated. 
251.34     (b) It is the policy of each of the party states to: 
251.35     (1) Promote compliance with the laws, ordinances, and 
251.36  administrative rules and regulations relating to the operation 
252.1   of motor vehicles by their operators in each of the 
252.2   jurisdictions where such operators drive motor vehicles. 
252.3      (2) Make the reciprocal recognition of licenses to drive 
252.4   and eligibility therefor more just and equitable by considering 
252.5   the overall compliance with motor vehicle laws, ordinances, and 
252.6   administrative rules and regulations as a condition precedent to 
252.7   the continuance or issuance of any license by reason of which 
252.8   the licensee is authorized or permitted to operate a motor 
252.9   vehicle in any of the party states. 
252.10                            ARTICLE II 
252.11                           Definitions 
252.12     As used in this compact: 
252.13     (a) "State" means a state, territory, or possession of the 
252.14  United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of 
252.15  Puerto Rico. 
252.16     (b) "Home state" means the state which has issued and has 
252.17  the power to suspend or revoke the use of the license or permit 
252.18  to operate a motor vehicle. 
252.19     (c) "Conviction" means a conviction of any offense related 
252.20  to the use or operation of a motor vehicle which is prohibited 
252.21  by state law, municipal ordinance, or administrative rule or 
252.22  regulation, or a forfeiture of bail, bond, or other security 
252.23  deposited to secure appearance by a person charged with having 
252.24  committed any such offense, and which conviction or forfeiture 
252.25  is required to be reported to the licensing authority. 
252.26                           ARTICLE III 
252.27                      Reports of Convictions 
252.28     The licensing authority of a party state shall report each 
252.29  conviction of a person from another party state occurring within 
252.30  its jurisdiction to the licensing authority of the home state of 
252.31  the licensee.  Such report shall clearly identify the person 
252.32  convicted; describe the violation specifying the section of the 
252.33  statute, code, or ordinance violated; identify the court in 
252.34  which action was taken; indicate whether a plea of guilty or not 
252.35  guilty was entered, or the conviction was a result of the 
252.36  forfeiture of bail, bond, or other security; and shall include 
253.1   any special findings made in connection therewith. 
253.2                             ARTICLE IV 
253.3                        Effect of Conviction 
253.4      (a) The licensing authority in the home state, for the 
253.5   purposes of suspension, revocation, or limitation of the license 
253.6   to operate a motor vehicle, shall give the same effect to the 
253.7   conduct reported, pursuant to article III of this compact, as it 
253.8   would if such conduct had occurred in the home state, in the 
253.9   case of convictions for: 
253.10     (1) manslaughter or negligent homicide resulting from the 
253.11  operation of a motor vehicle; 
253.12     (2) driving a motor vehicle while under the influence of 
253.13  intoxicating liquor or narcotic drug, or under the influence of 
253.14  any other drug to a degree which renders the driver incapable of 
253.15  safely driving a motor vehicle; 
253.16     (3) any felony in the commission of which a motor vehicle 
253.17  is used; 
253.18     (4) failure to stop and render aid in the event of a motor 
253.19  vehicle accident resulting in the death or personal injury of 
253.20  another. 
253.21     (b) As to other convictions, reported pursuant to article 
253.22  III, the licensing authority in the home state shall give such 
253.23  effect to the conduct as provided by the laws of the home state. 
253.24     (c) If the laws of a party state do not provide for 
253.25  offenses or violations denominated or described in precisely the 
253.26  words employed in subdivision (a) of this article, such party 
253.27  state shall construe the denominations and descriptions 
253.28  appearing in the subdivision (a) hereof as being applicable to 
253.29  and identifying those offenses or violations of a substantially 
253.30  similar nature and the laws of such party state shall contain 
253.31  such provisions as may be necessary to ensure that full force 
253.32  and effect is given to this article. 
253.33                            ARTICLE V 
253.34                  Applications for New Licenses 
253.35     Upon application for a license to drive, the licensing 
253.36  authority in a party state shall ascertain whether the applicant 
254.1   has ever held, or is the holder of a license to drive issued by 
254.2   any other party state.  The licensing authority in the state 
254.3   where application is made shall not issue a license to drive to 
254.4   he applicant if: 
254.5      (1) The applicant has held such a license, but the same has 
254.6   been suspended by reason, in whole or in part, of a violation 
254.7   and if such suspension period has not terminated. 
254.8      (2) The applicant has held such a license, but the same has 
254.9   been revoked by reason, in whole or in part, of a violation and 
254.10  if such revocation has not terminated, except that after the 
254.11  expiration of one year from the date the license was revoked, 
254.12  such person may make application for a new license if permitted 
254.13  by law.  The licensing authority may refuse to issue a license 
254.14  to any such applicant if, after investigation, the licensing 
254.15  authority determines that it will not be safe to grant to such 
254.16  person the privilege of driving a motor vehicle on the public 
254.17  highways. 
254.18     (3) The applicant is the holder of a license to drive 
254.19  issued by another party state and currently in force unless the 
254.20  applicant surrenders such license. 
254.21                            ARTICLE VI 
254.22                   Applicability of Other Laws 
254.23     Except as expressly required by provisions of this compact, 
254.24  nothing contained herein shall be construed to affect the right 
254.25  of any party state to apply any of its other laws relating to 
254.26  licenses to drive to any person or circumstance, nor to 
254.27  invalidate or prevent any driver license agreement or other 
254.28  cooperative arrangement between a party state and a nonparty 
254.29  state. 
254.30                           ARTICLE VII 
254.31       Compact Administrator and Interchange of Information 
254.32     (a) The head of the licensing authority of each party state 
254.33  shall be the administrator of this compact for the state.  The 
254.34  administrators, acting jointly, shall have the power to 
254.35  formulate all necessary and proper procedures for the exchange 
254.36  of information under this compact. 
255.1      (b) The administrator of each party state shall furnish to 
255.2   the administrator of each other party state any information or 
255.3   documents reasonably necessary to facilitate the administration 
255.4   of this compact. 
255.5                            ARTICLE VIII 
255.6                  Entry Into Force and Withdrawal 
255.7      (a) This compact shall enter into force and become 
255.8   effective as to any state when it has enacted the same into law. 
255.9      (b) Any party state may withdraw from this compact by 
255.10  enacting a statute repealing the same, but no such withdrawal 
255.11  shall take effect until six months after the executive head of 
255.12  the withdrawing state has given notice of the withdrawal to the 
255.13  executive heads of all other party states.  No withdrawal shall 
255.14  affect the validity or applicability by the licensing 
255.15  authorities of states remaining party to the compact of any 
255.16  report of conviction occurring prior to the withdrawal. 
255.17                            ARTICLE IX 
255.18                  Construction and Severability 
255.19     This compact shall be liberally construed so as to 
255.20  effectuate the purposes thereof.  The provisions of this compact 
255.21  shall be severable and if any phrase, clause, sentence, or 
255.22  provision of this compact is declared to be contrary to the 
255.23  constitution of any party state or of the United States, or the 
255.24  applicability thereof to any government, agency, person, or 
255.25  circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of 
255.26  this compact and the applicability thereof to any government, 
255.27  agency, person, or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.  
255.28  If this compact shall be held contrary to the constitution of 
255.29  any state party thereto, the compact shall remain in full force 
255.30  and effect as to the remaining states and in full force and 
255.31  effect as to the state affected as to all severable matters. 
255.32     Sec. 2.  [169K.21] [TRANSFER OF INFORMATION.] 
255.33     The licensing authority shall furnish to the appropriate 
255.34  authorities of any other party state information or documents 
255.35  reasonably necessary to facilitate the administration of section 
255.36  169K.11, articles III, IV, and V.  
256.1      Sec. 3.  [169K.31] [COMPACT ADMINISTRATOR.] 
256.2      The compact administrator provided for in section 169K.11, 
256.3   article VII, is not entitled to additional compensation on 
256.4   account of service as administrator, but is entitled to expenses 
256.5   incurred in connection with the duties and responsibilities as 
256.6   administrator, in the same manner as for expenses incurred in 
256.7   connection with other duties or responsibilities of employment.  
256.8   The compact administrator shall represent this state or shall 
256.9   appoint a representative for this state in the driver license 
256.10  compact commission, and that commission has the authority to 
256.11  formulate procedures for exchanging information, as provided in 
256.12  section 169K.11, article VII.  
256.13     Sec. 4.  [169K.41] [REPORTING TO LICENSING AUTHORITY.] 
256.14     A court or other agency or political subdivision of this 
256.15  state that has jurisdiction to take action regarding the 
256.16  suspension, revocation, cancellation, or other limitation of a 
256.17  license to drive, shall promptly report the action and the 
256.18  circumstances upon which it is based to the licensing authority 
256.19  on forms furnished by the department. 
256.20     Sec. 5.  [169K.51] [OUT-OF-STATE CONVICTIONS GIVEN EFFECT.] 
256.21     The commissioner shall give the same effect for driver 
256.22  licensing purposes to conduct reported from a licensing 
256.23  authority or court in another state that the commissioner would 
256.24  give to conduct reported from a court or other agency of this 
256.25  state, whether or not the other state is a party to the driver 
256.26  license compact in section 169K.11.  The conduct to be given 
256.27  effect by the commissioner includes a report of conviction for 
256.28  an offense enumerated in section 169K.11, article IV, or an 
256.29  offense described in section 169J.41 or 169J.47. 
256.30     Sec. 6.  [169K.61] [FILING OF BYLAWS AND AMENDMENTS.] 
256.31     The driver license compact commission shall file a copy of 
256.32  its bylaws and amendments to bylaws with the Minnesota secretary 
256.33  of state. 
256.34                             ARTICLE 9 
256.35                          DRIVER EDUCATION 
256.36                         GENERAL PROVISIONS 
257.1      Section 1.  [169L.03] [COOPERATION OF STATE AGENCIES; 
257.2   RULES.] 
257.3      The commissioner shall request and receive the assistance 
257.4   of other state departments and agencies in establishing rules 
257.5   pursuant to this chapter. 
257.6      Sec. 2.  [169L.035] [INFRACTION VIOLATION OF CHAPTER OR 
257.7   RULE.] 
257.8      A violation of any provision of this chapter or any rule 
257.9   issued or adopted pursuant thereto shall be an infraction. 
257.10         GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DRIVER EDUCATION COURSES 
257.11     Sec. 3.  [169L.11] [GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DRIVER 
257.12  EDUCATION COURSES.] 
257.13     Subdivision 1.  [REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL COURSES.] (a) Every 
257.14  driver education course offered through a public school, private 
257.15  school, or commercial driver education school shall include 
257.16  instruction that must encompass at least: 
257.17     (1) information on the effects of consumption of beverage 
257.18  alcohol products and the use of illegal drugs, prescription 
257.19  drugs, and nonprescription drugs on a person's ability to 
257.20  operate a motor vehicle; 
257.21     (2) the hazards of driving while under the influence of 
257.22  alcohol or drugs; 
257.23     (3) the legal penalties and financial consequences 
257.24  resulting from violations of laws prohibiting the operation of a 
257.25  motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or drugs; and 
257.26     (4) instruction on railroad-highway grade crossing safety. 
257.27     (b) The commissioner shall by rule establish minimum 
257.28  standards of course content relating to operation of vehicles at 
257.29  railroad-highway grade crossings. 
257.30     Subd. 2.  [REQUIREMENTS FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL COURSES.] Every 
257.31  driver education course offered in any public school shall be 
257.32  open for enrollment to persons between the ages of 15 and 18 
257.33  years residing or attending school in the school district.  Any 
257.34  public school offering a driver education course may charge an 
257.35  enrollment fee for the course.  The fee shall not exceed the 
257.36  actual cost of the course to the public school and the school 
258.1   district. 
258.2                 COMMERCIAL DRIVER EDUCATION COURSES 
258.3      Sec. 4.  [169L.21] [LICENSE FOR COMMERCIAL DRIVER EDUCATION 
258.4   SCHOOLS REQUIRED.] 
258.5      No commercial driver education school shall be established 
258.6   or operated unless it has applied for and obtained a license 
258.7   from the commissioner.  The commissioner shall issue or adopt 
258.8   rules governing the requirements for a license, which may 
258.9   include requirements concerning location, equipment, courses of 
258.10  instruction, previous records of the school and instructors, 
258.11  financial statements, filing of schedule of maximum fees and 
258.12  charges, character and reputation of the instructors, insurance 
258.13  in such sum and with such provisions as the commissioner deems 
258.14  necessary to protect the interests of the public, and other 
258.15  matters that the commissioner may prescribe.  The applicant 
258.16  shall not be required to have qualified for a teacher's 
258.17  certificate as required in the public school system. 
258.18     Sec. 5.  [169L.25] [LICENSE FOR COMMERCIAL DRIVER EDUCATION 
258.19  INSTRUCTORS REQUIRED.] 
258.20     No person shall act as a commercial driver education 
258.21  instructor unless the person has applied for and obtained a 
258.22  license from the commissioner.  The commissioner shall issue or 
258.23  adopt rules governing the requirements for a commercial driver 
258.24  education instructor's license, which may include requirements 
258.25  concerning moral character, physical condition, knowledge of the 
258.26  courses of instruction and of motor vehicle laws and safety 
258.27  principles and practices, previous personnel and employment 
258.28  records, teaching experience and qualifications, and other 
258.29  matters that the commissioner may prescribe.  The applicant 
258.30  shall not be required to have qualified for a teacher's 
258.31  certificate as required in the public school system. 
258.32     Sec. 6.  [169L.31] [LICENSE RENEWAL AND FEES.] 
258.33     All licenses shall expire one year from date of issuance 
258.34  and may be renewed upon application to the commissioner.  Each 
258.35  application for an original or renewal commercial driver 
258.36  education school license shall be accompanied by a fee of $150.  
259.1   Each application for an original or renewal commercial driver 
259.2   education instructor's license shall be accompanied by a fee of 
259.3   $50.  The license fees collected under this chapter shall be 
259.4   paid into the trunk highway fund.  No license fee shall be 
259.5   refunded if the license is rejected or revoked. 
259.6      Sec. 7.  [169L.35] [INSPECTION AND EXAMINATION.] 
259.7      The commissioner or an authorized representative shall 
259.8   inspect the facilities and equipment of commercial driver 
259.9   education school applicants and licensees and shall examine 
259.10  applicants for commercial driver education instructor's licenses.
259.11  The commissioner shall issue or adopt rules and do all things 
259.12  necessary and proper to accomplish the purposes of this section. 
259.13     Sec. 8.  [169L.41] [ISSUANCE, RENEWAL, SUSPENSION, AND 
259.14  REVOCATION OF LICENSES.] 
259.15     The commissioner may revoke or refuse to issue or renew a 
259.16  commercial driver education school or commercial driver 
259.17  education instructor's license in any case on finding that the 
259.18  applicant or licensee has not complied with, or has violated any 
259.19  of the provisions of this chapter or any rule issued or adopted 
259.20  pursuant thereto.  Any revoked license shall be returned to the 
259.21  commissioner by the licensee, and its holder cannot apply for a 
259.22  new license for a period as determined by the commissioner not 
259.23  to exceed one year after the date of the revocation. 
259.24     Sec. 9.  [169L.45] [EXEMPTIONS.] 
259.25     Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] The provisions of sections 
259.26  169L.21 to 169L.61 do not apply to: 
259.27     (a) any person giving driver education lessons without 
259.28  charge; 
259.29     (b) an employer maintaining a driver education school 
259.30  without charge for the employer's employees only; 
259.31     (c) a school or class conducted by a college, university, 
259.32  or high school as a part of its normal program; or 
259.33     (d) a public school course in driver education, including 
259.34  classroom instruction, behind-the-wheel instruction, or both, 
259.35  approved by the state board of education. 
259.36     Subd. 2.  [HIGH SCHOOL DRIVER EDUCATION INSTRUCTOR.] Any 
260.1   person who is a certificated driver education instructor in a 
260.2   high school driver education program may give driver education 
260.3   instruction to persons over the age of 18 without obtaining a 
260.4   commercial driver education school license or commercial driver 
260.5   education instructor's license, and may charge for that 
260.6   instruction, if there is: 
260.7      (a) no private commercial driver education school licensed 
260.8   under this chapter within ten miles of the political subdivision 
260.9   where the instruction is given; and 
260.10     (b) no adult driver education program in effect in the 
260.11  schools of the school district in which the trainee resides. 
260.12                     DRIVER IMPROVEMENT CLINICS 
260.13     Sec. 10.  [169L.61] [ESTABLISHMENT OF DRIVER IMPROVEMENT 
260.14  CLINIC; FEES.] 
260.15     Subdivision 1.  [AUTHORITY TO ESTABLISH CLINIC.] Subject to 
260.16  section 169L.65, any court, political subdivision, association 
260.17  of political subdivisions, or any regularly established safety 
260.18  organization may establish and conduct a driver improvement 
260.19  clinic. 
260.20     Subd. 2.  [FEES.] The court, political subdivision, or 
260.21  organization conducting a driver improvement clinic may 
260.22  establish reasonable tuition fees not to exceed $50 or the 
260.23  course's actual cost, whichever is less. 
260.24     Sec. 11.  [169L.65] [REGULATION OF CLINICS; DIRECTOR.] 
260.25     Subdivision 1.  [COMMISSIONER'S AUTHORITY.] The 
260.26  commissioner shall supervise the administration and conduct of 
260.27  driver improvement clinics. 
260.28     Subd. 2.  [RULES.] The commissioner shall adopt rules 
260.29  setting forth standards for the curriculum and mode of 
260.30  instruction of driver improvement clinics and other matters that 
260.31  the commissioner considers necessary for the proper 
260.32  administration of the clinics.  In the preparation of the 
260.33  standards, the commissioner shall consult with state 
260.34  associations of judges.  A driver improvement clinic established 
260.35  under section 169L.61 shall conform to the standards adopted by 
260.36  the commissioner. 
261.1      Subd. 3.  [CURRICULUM.] The course of study at a driver 
261.2   improvement clinic may not exceed a cumulative total of nine 
261.3   hours with no single class session lasting more than three hours.
261.4   The course of study at a driver improvement clinic shall include 
261.5   instruction in railroad crossing safety. 
261.6      Subd. 4.  [DIRECTOR.] The commissioner may appoint a driver 
261.7   improvement clinic director within the department of public 
261.8   safety to accomplish the purposes of sections 169L.61 and 
261.9   169L.65. 
261.10                             ARTICLE 10 
261.11                      OTHER VEHICLE PROVISIONS 
261.12           MOTORCYCLES, MOTORIZED BICYCLES, AND BICYCLES 
261.13     Section 1.  [169M.11] [MOTORCYCLES.] 
261.14     Subdivision 1.  [LICENSE REQUIREMENTS.] (a) No person shall 
261.15  operate a motorcycle on any street or highway without having a 
261.16  valid standard driver's license with a two-wheeled vehicle 
261.17  endorsement as provided by law. 
261.18     (b) No two-wheeled vehicle endorsement shall be issued 
261.19  unless the person applying therefor: 
261.20     (1) has in possession a valid two-wheeled vehicle 
261.21  instruction permit as provided in this section; 
261.22     (2) has passed a written examination and road test 
261.23  administered by the department for the endorsement; and 
261.24     (3) in the case of an applicant under 18 years of age, 
261.25  presents a certificate or other evidence of having successfully 
261.26  completed an approved two-wheeled vehicle driver's safety course 
261.27  in this or another state, in accordance with rules promulgated 
261.28  by the state board of education for courses offered through the 
261.29  public schools, or rules promulgated by the commissioner for 
261.30  courses offered by a private or commercial school or institute. 
261.31     (c) The commissioner may waive the road test for any 
261.32  applicant on determining that the applicant possesses a valid 
261.33  license to operate a two-wheeled vehicle issued by a 
261.34  jurisdiction that requires a comparable road test for license 
261.35  issuance. 
261.36     Subd. 2.  [INSTRUCTION PERMIT.] (a) A two-wheeled vehicle 
262.1   instruction permit shall be issued to any person over 16 years 
262.2   of age, who: 
262.3      (1) possesses a valid driver's license; 
262.4      (2) is enrolled in an approved two-wheeled vehicle driver's 
262.5   safety course; 
262.6      (3) has passed a written examination for the permit; and 
262.7      (4) has paid such fee as the commissioner prescribes. 
262.8      (b) A two-wheeled vehicle instruction permit is effective 
262.9   for 45 days, and may be renewed under rules to be prescribed by 
262.10  the commissioner. 
262.11     Subd. 3.  [LIMITS ON OPERATION UNDER INSTRUCTION 
262.12  PERMIT.] No person who is operating by virtue of a two-wheeled 
262.13  vehicle instruction permit shall: 
262.14     (a) carry any passenger on the streets and highways of this 
262.15  state on the motorcycle that the person is operating; 
262.16     (b) drive the motorcycle at night time; 
262.17     (c) drive the motorcycle on any highway marked by the 
262.18  commissioner of transportation as an interstate highway pursuant 
262.19  to title 23 of the United States Code; or 
262.20     (d) drive the motorcycle without wearing protective 
262.21  headgear that complies with standards established by the 
262.22  commissioner of public safety. 
262.23     Subd. 4.  [SPECIAL PERMIT.] Notwithstanding the provisions 
262.24  of subdivisions 1 to 3, the commissioner may issue a special 
262.25  motorcycle permit, restricted or qualified in such manner as the 
262.26  commissioner deems proper, to any person demonstrating a need 
262.27  therefor and unable to qualify for a standard driver's license. 
262.28     Subd. 5.  [VEHICLE EQUIPMENT.] (a) No person shall operate 
262.29  any motorcycle equipped with handlebars if any part of the 
262.30  handlebars extends above the shoulders of the operator while 
262.31  seated with both feet on the ground. 
262.32     (b) Any motorcycle with a seat designed or suited for use 
262.33  by a passenger shall be equipped with foot rests for the 
262.34  passenger. 
262.35     (c) No person shall operate any motorcycle on the streets 
262.36  and highways unless the motorcycle is equipped with at least: 
263.1      (1) one rear view mirror so attached and adjusted as to 
263.2   reflect to the operator a view of the roadway for a distance of 
263.3   at least 200 feet to the rear of the motorcycle; and 
263.4      (1) one horn that is audible at a distance of at least 200 
263.5   feet under normal conditions. 
263.6      (d) All applicable provisions of chapter 169F pertaining to 
263.7   motorcycle and other motor vehicle equipment apply to 
263.8   motorcycles, except those that by their nature have no 
263.9   application. 
263.10     Subd. 6.  [EQUIPMENT FOR OPERATORS AND PASSENGERS.] (a) No 
263.11  person under the age of 18 shall operate or ride a motorcycle on 
263.12  the streets and highways of this state without wearing 
263.13  protective headgear that complies with standards established by 
263.14  the commissioner. 
263.15     (b) No person shall operate a motorcycle without wearing an 
263.16  eye-protective device. 
263.17     (c) The provisions of this subdivision do not apply to: 
263.18     (1) a person participating in a parade for which parade a 
263.19  permit or other official authorization has been granted by a 
263.20  local governing body or other governmental authority; or 
263.21     (2) a person riding within an enclosed cab. 
263.22     Subd. 7.  [DRIVING RULES.] (a) An operator of a motorcycle 
263.23  shall ride only upon a permanent and regular seat that is 
263.24  attached to the vehicle for that purpose. 
263.25     (b) No person other than the operator shall ride on a 
263.26  motorcycle, except that a passenger may ride: 
263.27     (1) upon a permanent and regular operator's seat if the 
263.28  seat is designed for two persons; 
263.29     (2) upon an additional seat attached to the vehicle to the 
263.30  rear of the operator's seat; or 
263.31     (3) in a sidecar attached to the vehicle. 
263.32     (c) The operator of a motorcycle shall not carry passengers 
263.33  in a number exceeding the designed capacity of the motorcycle or 
263.34  sidecar attached to it. 
263.35     (d) No passenger shall be carried in a position that will 
263.36  interfere with the safe operation of the motorcycle or the view 
264.1   of the operator. 
264.2      (e) No person shall ride upon a motorcycle as a passenger 
264.3   unless, when sitting astride the seat, the person can reach the 
264.4   foot rests with both feet. 
264.5      (f) No person, except a passenger in a sidecar or a driver 
264.6   or passenger on a three-wheeled motorcycle, shall operate or 
264.7   ride upon a motorcycle except while sitting astride the seat, 
264.8   facing forward, with one leg on either side of the motorcycle. 
264.9      (g) No person shall operate a motorcycle while carrying any 
264.10  animal, package, bundle, or other cargo that prevents the person 
264.11  from keeping both hands on the handlebars. 
264.12     (h) No person other than a peace officer in performance of 
264.13  official duties shall: 
264.14     (1) operate a motorcycle between lanes of moving or 
264.15  stationary vehicles headed in the same direction; or 
264.16     (2) drive a motorcycle abreast of or overtake or pass 
264.17  another vehicle within the same traffic lane.  However, 
264.18  motorcycles may, with the consent of both drivers, be operated 
264.19  not more than two abreast in a single traffic lane. 
264.20     (i) Motor vehicles including motorcycles are entitled to 
264.21  the full use of a traffic lane and no motor vehicle may be 
264.22  driven or operated in a manner so as to deprive a motorcycle of 
264.23  the full use of a traffic lane. 
264.24     (j) A person operating a motorcycle upon a roadway must be 
264.25  granted the rights and is subject to the duties applicable to a 
264.26  motor vehicle as provided by law, except as to those provisions 
264.27  that by their nature can have no application. 
264.28     (k) No person shall operate a motorcycle on a street or 
264.29  highway unless the headlight or headlights are lighted at all 
264.30  times the motorcycle is so operated. 
264.31     Subd. 8.  [NEGLIGENCE; DAMAGES WITHOUT PROTECTIVE 
264.32  HEADGEAR.] In an action to recover damages for negligence 
264.33  resulting in any head injury to an operator or passenger of a 
264.34  motorcycle, evidence of whether the injured person was wearing 
264.35  protective headgear that complied with standards established by 
264.36  the commissioner is admissible only with respect to the question 
265.1   of damages for head injuries.  Damages for head injuries of any 
265.2   person who was not wearing protective headgear shall be reduced 
265.3   to the extent that those injuries could have been avoided by 
265.4   wearing protective headgear that complied with standards 
265.5   established by the commissioner.  This subdivision applies 
265.6   regardless of whether the injured person was required by law to 
265.7   wear protective headgear that complied with standards 
265.8   established by the commissioner. 
265.9      Subd. 9.  [NOISE LIMITS.] Noise rules adopted by the 
265.10  pollution control agency for motor vehicles pursuant to section 
265.11  169F.57 apply to motorcycles. 
265.12     Sec. 2.  [169M.13] [MOTORIZED BICYCLES.] 
265.13     Subdivision 1.  [SAFETY EQUIPMENT; PARKING.] Section 
265.14  169M.11 relating to motorcycles applies to motorized bicycles 
265.15  except as otherwise provided in this section and except that: 
265.16     (a) protective headgear includes headgear that meets the 
265.17  American National Standard for Protective Headgear for 
265.18  Bicyclists, ANSI Z90.4-1984, approved by the American National 
265.19  Standards Institute, Inc.; 
265.20     (b) a motorized bicycle may be operated during nighttime 
265.21  hours only if it is equipped with a headlight and taillight 
265.22  meeting the requirements of lighting for motorcycles; 
265.23     (c) the provisions of section 169M.15 governing the parking 
265.24  of bicycles apply to motorized bicycles; 
265.25     (d) the operator of an electric-assisted bicycle must wear 
265.26  properly fitted and fastened headgear that meets the American 
265.27  National Standard for Protective Headgear for Bicyclists, ANSI 
265.28  Z90.4-1984, approved by the American National Standards 
265.29  Institute, Inc., when operating the electric-assisted bicycle on 
265.30  a street or highway; and 
265.31     (e) eye protection devices are not required for operators 
265.32  of electric-assisted bicycles. 
265.33     Subd. 2.  [LICENSE OR PERMIT.] A motorized bicycle may be 
265.34  operated under either a driver's license or a motorized bicycle 
265.35  permit issued under section 169J.03, subdivision 4.  A person 
265.36  under the age of 16 operating a motorized bicycle under a 
266.1   motorized bicycle permit is subject to the restrictions imposed 
266.2   by section 169M.11, subdivision 3, on operation of a motorcycle 
266.3   under a two-wheel instruction permit, except that: 
266.4      (a) a parent or guardian of an operator under the age of 16 
266.5   may also ride on the motorized bicycle as a passenger or 
266.6   operator if the motorized bicycle is equipped with a seat and 
266.7   foot rests for a second passenger; 
266.8      (b) a motorized bicycle equipped with a headlight and 
266.9   taillight meeting the requirements of lighting for motorcycles 
266.10  may be operated during nighttime hours; 
266.11     (c) protective headgear includes headgear described in 
266.12  subdivision 1; and 
266.13     (d) protective headgear is required only until the operator 
266.14  reaches the age of 18 years. 
266.15     Subd. 3.  [SIDEWALK AND PASSENGER PROHIBITIONS.] (a) No 
266.16  person shall operate a motorized bicycle upon a sidewalk at any 
266.17  time, except when such operation is necessary for the most 
266.18  direct access to a roadway from a driveway, alley, or building. 
266.19     (b) No person shall operate a motorized bicycle that is 
266.20  carrying any person other than the operator, except as allowed 
266.21  under subdivision 2. 
266.22     Subd. 4.  [HEADLIGHT REQUIREMENT.] The provisions of 
266.23  section 169M.11, subdivision 7, paragraph (k), apply to 
266.24  motorized bicycles that are equipped with headlights.  After 
266.25  June 1, 1987, a new motorized bicycle sold or offered for sale 
266.26  in Minnesota must be equipped with a headlight. 
266.27     Subd. 5.  [OTHER OPERATION REQUIREMENTS AND 
266.28  PROHIBITIONS.] (a) A person operating a motorized bicycle on a 
266.29  roadway shall ride as close as practicable to the right-hand 
266.30  curb or edge of the roadway except in one of the following 
266.31  situations: 
266.32     (1) when overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding 
266.33  in the same direction; 
266.34     (2) when preparing for a left turn at an intersection or 
266.35  into a private road or driveway; or 
266.36     (3) when reasonably necessary to avoid conditions, 
267.1   including fixed or moving objects, vehicles, pedestrians, 
267.2   animals, surface hazards, or narrow width lanes, that make it 
267.3   unsafe to continue along the right-hand curb or edge. 
267.4      (b) Persons operating motorized bicycles on a roadway may 
267.5   not ride more than two abreast and may not impede the normal and 
267.6   reasonable movement of traffic.  On a laned roadway, a person 
267.7   operating a motorized bicycle shall ride within a single lane. 
267.8      (c) This section does not permit the operation of a 
267.9   motorized bicycle on a bicycle path or bicycle lane that is 
267.10  reserved for the exclusive use of nonmotorized traffic. 
267.11     (d) Subject to the provisions of section 160.263, 
267.12  subdivision 3, a person may operate an electric-assisted bicycle 
267.13  on a bicycle lane.  A person may operate an electric-assisted 
267.14  bicycle on the shoulder of a roadway if the electric-assisted 
267.15  bicycle is traveling in the same direction as the adjacent 
267.16  vehicular traffic. 
267.17     Sec. 3.  [169M.15] [MOTOR BICYCLE RENTAL BUSINESS.] 
267.18     Subdivision 1.  [LICENSEE TO RENT TO LICENSED OPERATORS 
267.19  ONLY; PARENTAL CONSENT.] (a) It is unlawful for a motor bicycle 
267.20  business licensed under section 168.832 to rent, lease, or 
267.21  furnish a motorcycle or a motorized bicycle to: 
267.22     (1) a Minnesota resident who is not licensed by the state 
267.23  of Minnesota to operate the vehicle; or 
267.24     (2) a nonresident who is not duly licensed to operate the 
267.25  vehicle under the law of the state or country of residence. 
267.26     (b) It is unlawful for a motor bicycle business licensed 
267.27  under section 168.832 to rent, lease, or furnish a motorcycle or 
267.28  a motorized bicycle to a minor unless the minor furnishes and 
267.29  leaves with the licensee a statement in writing showing the 
267.30  consent of the minor's parent or guardian to the rental, lease, 
267.31  or furnishing of a motorcycle or motorized bicycle to the minor. 
267.32     (c) Before renting, leasing, or furnishing a motorcycle or 
267.33  motorized bicycle to a person the licensee shall make a 
267.34  permanent and legible record containing the name, address, and 
267.35  age of the person to whom the vehicle is leased, rented, or 
267.36  furnished.  The licensee also shall specify on this record the 
268.1   number, date of issue, and expiration of the driver's license, 
268.2   together with any limitations noted thereon and the description 
268.3   of the person as set forth on the driver's license.  The record 
268.4   also shall identify the vehicle rented, leased, or furnished to 
268.5   the person by the number on the vehicle's state license plate. 
268.6      Subd. 2.  [LICENSEE MAINTENANCE; OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS; 
268.7   SAFETY HELMETS.] (a) A motor bicycle business licensed under 
268.8   section 168.832 shall maintain in safe operating condition all 
268.9   motorcycles and motorized bicycles rented, leased, or furnished 
268.10  by the licensee. 
268.11     (b) The licensee, the licensee's agent, or employee shall 
268.12  explain the operation, including the controls, pedals, gears, 
268.13  and brakes, of the particular motorcycle or motorized bicycle to 
268.14  be used by the person before the person uses it, unless the 
268.15  licensee, the licensee's agent, or employee is aware that the 
268.16  person knows how to operate the particular motorcycle or 
268.17  motorized bicycle. 
268.18     (c) The licensee or the licensee's agent or employee shall 
268.19  call to the user's attention the precautionary measures that 
268.20  must be followed for the safety of the driver and the public and 
268.21  make available for each motorcycle or motorized bicycle at least 
268.22  one sanitized safety helmet, or similar headgear, which shall be 
268.23  offered for use to the driver. 
268.24     Subd. 3.  [LESSEE NOT TO PERMIT USE BY UNLICENSED PERSON.] 
268.25  It is unlawful for a person to whom a motorcycle or motorized 
268.26  bicycle is rented, leased, or furnished, to rent, sublease, or 
268.27  otherwise authorize the use of the vehicle to a person who is 
268.28  not licensed by the state of Minnesota to operate the vehicle. 
268.29     Sec. 4.  [169M.17] [BICYCLES.] 
268.30     Subdivision 1.  [TRAFFIC LAWS APPLY.] Every person 
268.31  operating a bicycle shall have all of the rights and duties 
268.32  applicable to the driver of any other vehicle by the vehicle 
268.33  code, except in respect to: 
268.34     (a) those provisions relating expressly to bicycles; and 
268.35     (b) those provisions that by their nature cannot reasonably 
268.36  be applied to bicycles. 
269.1      Subd. 2.  [MANNER AND NUMBER RIDING.] No bicycle shall be 
269.2   used to carry more persons at one time than the number for which 
269.3   it is designed and equipped, except: 
269.4      (a) on a baby seat attached to the bicycle, provided that 
269.5   the baby seat is equipped with a harness to hold the child 
269.6   securely in the seat and that protection is provided against the 
269.7   child's feet hitting the spokes of the wheel; or 
269.8      (b) in a seat attached to the bicycle operator. 
269.9      Subd. 3.  [RIDING ON ROADWAYS OR SHOULDERS.] (a) Every 
269.10  person operating a bicycle upon a roadway shall ride as close as 
269.11  practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway except 
269.12  under any of the following situations: 
269.13     (1) when overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding 
269.14  in the same direction; 
269.15     (2) when preparing for a left turn at an intersection or 
269.16  into a private road or driveway; or 
269.17     (3) when reasonably necessary to avoid conditions, 
269.18  including fixed or moving objects, vehicles, pedestrians, 
269.19  animals, surface hazards, or narrow width lanes, that make it 
269.20  unsafe to continue along the right-hand curb or edge. 
269.21     (b) If a bicycle is traveling on a shoulder of a roadway, 
269.22  the bicycle shall travel in the same direction as adjacent 
269.23  vehicular traffic. 
269.24     (c) Persons riding bicycles: 
269.25     (1) upon a roadway or shoulder shall not ride more than two 
269.26  abreast and shall not impede the normal and reasonable movement 
269.27  of traffic; and 
269.28     (2) on a laned roadway shall ride within a single lane. 
269.29     (d) A person operating a bicycle upon a sidewalk, or across 
269.30  a roadway or shoulder on a crosswalk, shall: 
269.31     (1) yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian; and 
269.32     (2) give an audible signal when necessary before overtaking 
269.33  and passing any pedestrian. 
269.34     (e) No person shall ride a bicycle upon a sidewalk within a 
269.35  business district unless permitted by local authorities.  Local 
269.36  authorities may prohibit the operation of bicycles on any 
270.1   sidewalk or crosswalk under their jurisdiction. 
270.2      (f) An individual operating a bicycle or other vehicle on a 
270.3   bikeway shall: 
270.4      (1) leave a safe distance when overtaking a bicycle or 
270.5   individual proceeding in the same direction on the bikeway; and 
270.6      (2) maintain clearance until safely past the overtaken 
270.7   bicycle or individual. 
270.8      (g) A person lawfully operating a bicycle on a sidewalk, or 
270.9   across a roadway or shoulder on a crosswalk, shall have all the 
270.10  rights and duties applicable to a pedestrian under the same 
270.11  circumstances. 
270.12     Subd. 4.  [CARRYING ARTICLES.] No person operating a 
270.13  bicycle shall carry any package, bundle, or article that 
270.14  prevents the driver from keeping at least one hand upon the 
270.15  handle bars or from properly operating the bicycle's brakes. 
270.16     Subd. 5.  [BICYCLE EQUIPMENT.] (a) No person shall operate 
270.17  a bicycle at nighttime unless the bicycle or its operator is 
270.18  equipped with: 
270.19     (1) a lamp that emits a white light visible from a distance 
270.20  of at least 500 feet to the front; and 
270.21     (2) a red reflector of a type approved by the department 
270.22  that is visible from all distances from 100 feet to 600 feet to 
270.23  the rear when directly in front of lawful lower beams of head 
270.24  lamps on a motor vehicle. 
270.25     (b) No person may operate a bicycle at any time when there 
270.26  is not sufficient light to render persons and vehicles on the 
270.27  highway clearly discernible at a distance of 500 feet ahead 
270.28  unless the bicycle or its operator is equipped with reflective 
270.29  surfaces that are visible during the hours of darkness from 600 
270.30  feet when viewed in front of lawful lower beams of head lamps on 
270.31  a motor vehicle. 
270.32     (c) The reflective surfaces shall include: 
270.33     (1) reflective materials on each side of each pedal to 
270.34  indicate their presence from the front or the rear; and 
270.35     (2) a minimum of 20 square inches of reflective material on 
270.36  each side of the bicycle or its operator.  Any bicycle equipped 
271.1   with side reflectors as required by regulations for new bicycles 
271.2   prescribed by the United States Consumer Product Safety 
271.3   Commission is considered to meet the requirements for side 
271.4   reflectorization contained in this subdivision. 
271.5      (d) A bicycle may be equipped with a rear lamp that emits a 
271.6   red flashing signal. 
271.7      (e) No person shall operate a bicycle unless it is equipped 
271.8   with a brake that will enable the operator to make the braked 
271.9   wheels skid on dry, level, clean pavement. 
271.10     (f) No person shall operate upon a highway any bicycle 
271.11  equipped with handlebars so raised that the operator must 
271.12  elevate the hands above the level of the shoulders in order to 
271.13  grasp the normal steering grip area. 
271.14     (g) No person shall operate upon a highway any bicycle that 
271.15  is of such a size as to prevent the operator from stopping the 
271.16  bicycle, supporting it with at least one foot on the highway 
271.17  surface and restarting in a safe manner. 
271.18     Subd. 6.  [SALE WITH REFLECTORS AND OTHER EQUIPMENT.] No 
271.19  person shall sell or offer for sale any new bicycle unless it is 
271.20  equipped with reflectors and other equipment as required by 
271.21  subdivision 5, paragraphs (a) to (c) and (e), and by the 
271.22  regulations for new bicycles prescribed by the United States 
271.23  Consumer Product Safety Commission. 
271.24     Subd. 7.  [TURNING AND LANE CHANGES.] An arm signal to turn 
271.25  right or left shall be given: 
271.26     (a) continuously during the last 100 feet traveled by the 
271.27  bicycle before turning, unless the arm is needed to control the 
271.28  bicycle; and 
271.29     (b) while the bicycle is stopped waiting to turn. 
271.30     Subd. 8.  [BICYCLE PARKING.] (a) A person may park a 
271.31  bicycle on a sidewalk unless prohibited or restricted by local 
271.32  authorities.  A bicycle parked on a sidewalk shall not impede 
271.33  the normal and reasonable movement of pedestrian or other 
271.34  traffic. 
271.35     (b) A bicycle may be parked on a roadway at any location 
271.36  where parking is allowed if it is parked in such a manner that 
272.1   it does not obstruct the movement of a legally parked motor 
272.2   vehicle. 
272.3      Subd. 9.  [BICYCLE EVENTS.] (a) Bicycle events, parades, 
272.4   contests, or racing on a highway shall not be unlawful when 
272.5   approved by state or local authorities having jurisdiction over 
272.6   the highway.  Approval shall be granted only under conditions 
272.7   that assure reasonable safety for all participants, spectators, 
272.8   and other highway users, and that prevent unreasonable 
272.9   interference with traffic flow that would seriously 
272.10  inconvenience other highway users. 
272.11     (b) By agreement with the approving authority, participants 
272.12  in an approved bicycle highway event may be exempted from 
272.13  compliance with any traffic laws otherwise applicable thereto, 
272.14  provided that traffic control is adequate to assure the safety 
272.15  of all highway users. 
272.16     Subd. 10.  [PEACE OFFICERS OPERATING BICYCLES.] The 
272.17  provisions of this section governing operation of bicycles do 
272.18  not apply to bicycles operated by peace officers while 
272.19  performing their duties. 
272.20                            PEDESTRIANS 
272.21     Sec. 5.  [169M.21] [PEDESTRIANS.] 
272.22     Subdivision 1.  [OBEY TRAFFIC-CONTROL SIGNALS.] Pedestrians 
272.23  are subject to traffic-control signals at intersections as 
272.24  heretofore declared in the vehicle code, but at all other places 
272.25  pedestrians shall be accorded the privileges and shall be 
272.26  subject to the restrictions stated in this section and section 
272.27  169M.31. 
272.28     Subd. 2.  [RIGHTS IN ABSENCE OF SIGNALS.] Where 
272.29  traffic-control signals are not in place or in operation, 
272.30  section 169D.71 requires the driver of a vehicle to stop to 
272.31  yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian crossing the roadway 
272.32  within a marked crosswalk or within any crosswalk at an 
272.33  intersection, but no pedestrian shall suddenly leave a curb or 
272.34  other place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle 
272.35  which is so close that it is impossible for the driver to yield. 
272.36  This subdivision does not apply if traffic-control signals are 
273.1   in place and in operation. 
273.2      Subd. 3.  [CROSSING BETWEEN INTERSECTIONS.] (a) Every 
273.3   pedestrian crossing a roadway at any point other than within a 
273.4   marked crosswalk or within an unmarked crosswalk at an 
273.5   intersection shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles upon 
273.6   the roadway. 
273.7      (b) Any pedestrian crossing a roadway at a point where a 
273.8   pedestrian tunnel or overhead pedestrian crossing has been 
273.9   provided shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles upon the 
273.10  roadway. 
273.11     (c) Between adjacent intersections at which traffic-control 
273.12  signals are in operation, pedestrians shall not cross at any 
273.13  place except in a marked crosswalk. 
273.14     Subd. 4.  [USE RIGHT HALF OF CROSSWALKS.] Pedestrians shall 
273.15  move when practicable upon the right half of crosswalks. 
273.16     Subd. 5.  [WALK ON LEFT SIDE OF ROADWAY.] Pedestrians when 
273.17  walking or moving in a wheelchair along a roadway shall, when 
273.18  practicable, walk or move on the left side of the roadway or its 
273.19  shoulder, giving way to oncoming traffic. 
273.20     Subd. 6.  [WALK ON SIDEWALK.] Where sidewalks are provided 
273.21  and are accessible and usable, it is unlawful for any pedestrian 
273.22  to walk or move in a wheelchair along and upon an adjacent 
273.23  roadway. 
273.24     Sec. 6.  [169M.23] [BLIND PERSONS CARRYING WHITE CANES.] 
273.25     Subdivision 1.  [LIMITATION ON CARRYING.] It is unlawful 
273.26  for any person to carry a white painted cane unless the person 
273.27  is a blind person. 
273.28     Subd. 2.  [BLIND PEDESTRIAN HAS RIGHT-OF-WAY.] When a blind 
273.29  pedestrian who is carrying a cane predominantly white or 
273.30  metallic in color, with or without red tip, or using a guide 
273.31  dog, enters an intersection of any street, avenue, alley, or 
273.32  other public highway, section 169D.75 requires the driver of a 
273.33  motor vehicle to bring the motor vehicle to a stop and give the 
273.34  right of way to the blind pedestrian. 
273.35     Sec. 7.  [169M.25] [CROSSINGS FOR SENIORS AND DISABLED 
273.36  PERSONS.] 
274.1      Subdivision 1.  [DESIGNATION OF CROSSINGS.] Local 
274.2   authorities may designate a crossing for senior citizens or 
274.3   disabled persons on any street or highway in the vicinity of a 
274.4   senior citizen housing project, senior citizen nursing home, or 
274.5   residential care facility for disabled persons on the basis of 
274.6   an engineering and traffic investigation prescribed by the 
274.7   commissioner of transportation and subject to the uniform 
274.8   specifications adopted pursuant to subdivision 2.  Designation 
274.9   of a crossing for senior citizens or disabled persons on a trunk 
274.10  highway is subject to the commissioner's written consent. 
274.11     Subd. 2.  [UNIFORM SPECIFICATIONS.] The commissioner of 
274.12  transportation shall adopt uniform specifications for crossings 
274.13  for senior citizens or disabled persons.  The specifications 
274.14  shall include criteria for determining the need for a crossing 
274.15  and the type and design of traffic control devices or signals 
274.16  that may be used at the crossing.  The specifications shall be 
274.17  incorporated as a part of the manual of uniform traffic control 
274.18  devices required pursuant to section 169D.07. 
274.19                         OTHER PROHIBITIONS 
274.20     Sec. 8.  [169M.31] [HITCHHIKING; SOLICITING BUSINESS.] 
274.21     Subdivision 1.  [SOLICITING RIDE.] No person shall stand in 
274.22  a roadway for the purpose of soliciting a ride from the driver 
274.23  of any private vehicle. 
274.24     Subd. 2.  [SOLICITING EMPLOYMENT, BUSINESS, OR 
274.25  CONTRIBUTIONS.] No person shall stand on a roadway for the 
274.26  purpose of soliciting employment, business, or contributions 
274.27  from the occupant of any vehicle. 
274.28     Sec. 9.  [169M.33] [DROPPING OBJECT ON VEHICLE.] 
274.29     No person shall drop or hurl any destructive or injurious 
274.30  material or object at or upon: 
274.31     (a) any motor vehicle upon any highway; or 
274.32     (b) the occupants thereof. 
274.33     Sec. 10.  [169M.335] [FIRST DEGREE MISDEMEANOR DROPPING 
274.34  OBJECT ON VEHICLE.] 
274.35     Whoever violates section 169M.33 is guilty of a first 
274.36  degree misdemeanor. 
275.1      Sec. 11.  [169M.35] [LITTERING.] 
275.2      Subdivision 1.  [PLACING OBJECT ON HIGHWAY.] No person 
275.3   shall throw, deposit, place, or dump, or cause to be thrown, 
275.4   deposited, placed, or dumped upon any street or highway: 
275.5      (a) any snow, ice, glass bottle, glass, nails, tacks, wire, 
275.6   cans, garbage, swill, papers, ashes, refuse, carcass of any dead 
275.7   animal, offal, trash, rubbish, or any other form of offensive 
275.8   matter; or 
275.9      (b) any other substance likely to injure any person, 
275.10  animal, or vehicle upon any street or highway. 
275.11     Subd. 2.  [IMMEDIATE REMOVAL.] Any person who drops, or 
275.12  permits to be dropped or thrown, upon any highway any of the 
275.13  material specified in subdivision 1, shall immediately remove 
275.14  the same or cause it to be removed. 
275.15     Subd. 3.  [REMOVING OBJECTS DROPPED FROM WRECKED OR DAMAGED 
275.16  VEHICLE.] Any person removing a wrecked or damaged vehicle from 
275.17  a highway shall remove any glass or other injurious substance 
275.18  dropped upon the highway from the vehicle. 
275.19     Subd. 4.  [DRIVING RECORD.] The record of any conviction of 
275.20  or plea of guilty under this section of a person operating a 
275.21  motor vehicle shall be immediately forwarded to the department 
275.22  for inclusion upon that offender's driving record. 
275.23     Subd. 5.  [MINIMUM FINE FOR SUBSEQUENT VIOLATION.] Any 
275.24  second or subsequent offense under this section shall require a 
275.25  minimum fine in the amount of $400. 
275.26     Subd. 6.  [REQUIREMENT TO PICK UP LITTER.] For any 
275.27  violation of this section, the offender may be required to pick 
275.28  up litter along any public highway or road for four to eight 
275.29  hours under the direction of the department of transportation, 
275.30  in lieu of all or part of the penalty imposed. 
275.31     Sec. 12.  [169M.37] [CIVIL LIABILITY FOR LITTERING.] 
275.32     Subdivision 1.  [FINDING.] The legislature finds that the 
275.33  cost of removing and disposing of solid waste, including litter, 
275.34  from vehicles is an onerous burden upon the public, and that the 
275.35  criminal law is not always adequate in dealing with the problem. 
275.36  This requires the imposition of civil liability as provided in 
276.1   this section. 
276.2      Subd. 2.  [CIVIL LIABILITY IMPOSED.] If any solid waste, 
276.3   including litter, glass, nails, tacks, wire, cans, bottles, 
276.4   garbage, papers, refuse, trash, or any form of offensive matter 
276.5   is thrown, deposited, placed, or dumped from a vehicle upon any 
276.6   street or highway, public land, or upon private land without the 
276.7   consent of the owner of the land, a violation of this 
276.8   subdivision occurs and civil liability is imposed upon the owner 
276.9   of the vehicle, or, in the case of a leased vehicle, the lessee 
276.10  thereof.  The driver and passengers riding in a vehicle are 
276.11  constituted as the agents of the owner of the vehicle for 
276.12  purposes of this subdivision.  It is a defense to any action 
276.13  brought pursuant to this section that the vehicle was stolen. 
276.14  This section does not apply to the owner of a vehicle 
276.15  transporting persons for hire or transporting school children. 
276.16     Subd. 3.  [CIVIL PENALTY; DAMAGES.] A person who violates 
276.17  this section is subject to the civil penalties for littering and 
276.18  an action for damages as specified in section 115A.99. 
276.19     Subd. 4.  [PROCEDURES.] A civil action may be commenced as 
276.20  is any civil action or by the issuance of a citation to the 
276.21  owner of the vehicle by any peace officer who has reason to 
276.22  believe that a violation has occurred.  Actions commenced by the 
276.23  issuance of a citation by a peace officer shall be tried by the 
276.24  prosecuting authority responsible for misdemeanor prosecutions 
276.25  in the jurisdiction where a violation occurs.  Any damages 
276.26  recovered in an action brought by a public agency shall be 
276.27  deposited in the treasury of the jurisdiction trying the action 
276.28  and distributed as provided in section 487.33.  Any district 
276.29  court may establish a separate civil calendar for cases brought 
276.30  under this section. 
276.31     Subd. 5.  [RELATIONSHIP TO CRIMINAL LAW; ELECTION OF 
276.32  REMEDIES.] If an act is a violation of this section and of a 
276.33  statute or ordinance providing a criminal penalty, a public 
276.34  agency elects its remedy by commencing either an action under 
276.35  this section or a criminal prosecution, and the commencement of 
276.36  one type of action by a public agency is a bar to its bringing 
277.1   of the other. 
277.2      Subd. 6.  [PAYMENT.] Any district court may establish a 
277.3   schedule of costs and civil damages, and procedures for payment, 
277.4   in cases brought by a public agency under which the defendant 
277.5   may consent to default judgment and make payment according to 
277.6   the schedule without making a personal appearance in court. 
277.7                  TRAFFIC SIGNAL AND SIGN VIOLATIONS 
277.8      Sec. 13.  [169M.41] [FALSE TRAFFIC SIGNAL.] 
277.9      It is unlawful to exhibit a false light or signal or 
277.10  interfere with a light, signal, or sign controlling or guiding 
277.11  traffic on a highway. 
277.12     Sec. 14.  [169M.413] [FELONY FALSE TRAFFIC SIGNAL.] 
277.13     A person who violates section 169M.41 and knows that doing 
277.14  so creates a risk of death or bodily harm or serious property 
277.15  damage may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five 
277.16  years or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both. 
277.17     Sec. 15.  [169M.415] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR FALSE 
277.18  TRAFFIC SIGNAL.] 
277.19     Except as provided in section 169M.413, whoever violates 
277.20  section 169M.41 is guilty of a second degree misdemeanor. 
277.21     Sec. 16.  [169M.43] [UNAUTHORIZED SIGNS.] 
277.22     Subdivision 1.  [UNLAWFUL ACTS.] (a) No person shall place, 
277.23  maintain, or display upon or in view of any highway any 
277.24  unauthorized sign, signal, marking, or device that: 
277.25     (1) purports to be or is an imitation of or resembles an 
277.26  official traffic-control device or railroad sign or signal; 
277.27     (2) attempts to direct the movement of traffic; or 
277.28     (3) hides from view or interferes with the effectiveness of 
277.29  any official traffic-control device or any railroad sign or 
277.30  signal. 
277.31     (b) No person shall place or maintain, nor shall any public 
277.32  authority permit upon any highway, any traffic sign or signal 
277.33  bearing thereon any commercial advertising. 
277.34     Subd. 2.  [AUTHORIZED ACTS.] (a) Subdivision 1 does not 
277.35  prohibit: 
277.36     (1) the erection upon private property adjacent to highways 
278.1   of signs giving useful directional information and of a type 
278.2   that cannot be mistaken for official signs; or 
278.3      (2) the temporary placement by auctioneers licensed or 
278.4   exempt from licensing under section 330.01, for a period of not 
278.5   more than eight consecutive hours, on or adjacent to the 
278.6   right-of-way of a highway not more than four signs directing 
278.7   motorists to the location of an auction. 
278.8      (b) The signs must conform to standards for size, content, 
278.9   placement, and location for such signs promulgated by the 
278.10  commissioner of transportation.  The rules may require a permit 
278.11  for each such sign but no fee may be charged for the permit. 
278.12     Subd. 3.  [NUISANCE.] Every sign, signal, or marking 
278.13  prohibited by this section is hereby declared to be a public 
278.14  nuisance.  The authority having jurisdiction over the highway is 
278.15  hereby empowered to remove the same, or cause it to be removed, 
278.16  without notice. 
278.17     Sec. 17.  [169M.45] [RED LIGHT OR SIGN FORBIDDEN.] 
278.18     Subdivision 1.  [MAINTAINING RED LIGHT OR SIGN.] No person 
278.19  or corporation shall place, maintain, or display any red light 
278.20  or red sign, signal, or lighting device in view of any highway 
278.21  in such a way as to interfere with the effectiveness or 
278.22  efficiency of any highway traffic-control device. 
278.23     Subd. 2.  [REMOVAL.] Upon written notice from the 
278.24  commissioner of transportation, a person or corporation 
278.25  maintaining or owning or displaying a prohibited light shall 
278.26  promptly remove it, or change the color of it to some other 
278.27  color than red. 
278.28     Subd. 3.  [MAINTAINING AFTER NOTICE TO REMOVE.] No person 
278.29  or corporation shall maintain or display any light after written 
278.30  notice from the commissioner of transportation that the light 
278.31  constitutes a traffic hazard and that it has ordered the removal 
278.32  thereof. 
278.33     Sec. 18.  [169M.47] [UNLAWFUL TO POSSESS, ALTER, DEFACE, OR 
278.34  REMOVE SIGNS.] 
278.35     Subdivision 1.  [UNLAWFUL ACT.] No person shall, without 
278.36  lawful authority, possess, or attempt to or in fact alter, 
279.1   deface, injure, knock down, or remove any official 
279.2   traffic-control device or any railroad sign or signal or any 
279.3   inscription, shield, or insignia thereon, or any other part 
279.4   thereof. 
279.5      Subd. 2.  [EXCEPTION.] A person who voluntarily notifies a 
279.6   law enforcement agency that the person is in possession of such 
279.7   an article, and who returns the article within ten days after 
279.8   gaining possession thereof, is not subject to prosecution for 
279.9   such possession. 
279.10                       MAILBOX INSTALLATIONS 
279.11     Sec. 19.  [169M.51] [UNAUTHORIZED MAILBOX INSTALLATION.] 
279.12     Subdivision 1.  [PUBLIC HAZARD.] A mailbox installation or 
279.13  support on a public highway that does not meet the breakaway and 
279.14  location standards contained in rules adopted under subdivision 
279.15  2 is declared to be a public nuisance, a road hazard, and a 
279.16  danger to the health and safety of the traveling public. 
279.17     Subd. 2.  [STANDARDS; RULEMAKING.] The commissioner of 
279.18  transportation shall adopt rules that provide for standards and 
279.19  permissible locations of mailbox installations and supports on a 
279.20  street or highway.  The commissioner shall base the rules 
279.21  substantially on federal highway administration regulations or 
279.22  recommendations, or other national standards or recommendations 
279.23  regarding the location and construction of safe, breakaway 
279.24  mailbox installations or supports.  In adopting the rules, the 
279.25  commissioner shall consider the safety of the traveling public 
279.26  relative to the convenience and expense of owners of 
279.27  nonconforming mailbox installations or supports.  The 
279.28  commissioner may provide for alternative standards to allow 
279.29  variances from the rules. 
279.30     Subd. 3.  [REMOVAL, NOTICE.] (a) After adoption of the 
279.31  rules authorized under subdivision 2, the commissioner of 
279.32  transportation or a road authority as defined in section 160.02, 
279.33  subdivision 9, may remove and replace a mailbox installation or 
279.34  support that is: 
279.35     (1) located on a street or highway under the jurisdiction 
279.36  of the commissioner or road authority; and 
280.1      (2) does not conform to the rules adopted under subdivision 
280.2   2. 
280.3      (b) The commissioner of transportation or road authority 
280.4   may remove and replace a nonconforming mailbox installation or 
280.5   support not less than 60 days after giving notice, by personal 
280.6   notice or certified mail to the owner or the resident at the 
280.7   address served by the mailbox, of its intent to remove and 
280.8   replace the installation or support.  The commissioner or road 
280.9   authority may charge the owner or resident not more than $75 for 
280.10  the cost of the removal and replacement. 
280.11     (c) The notice must at a minimum: 
280.12     (1) inform the owner of the nonconforming installation or 
280.13  support; and 
280.14     (2) inform the owner or resident: 
280.15     (i) of the applicable law and rules, including the rules 
280.16  that contain the standards for mailbox installations and 
280.17  supports on public streets and highways; 
280.18     (ii) that the owner or resident must remove the 
280.19  installation or support or bring it into compliance with the 
280.20  rules within 60 days after the date of the notice; 
280.21     (iii) of the applicable laws and rules and the standards 
280.22  for mailbox installations and supports on public streets and 
280.23  highways, and provide plans or diagrams of examples of 
280.24  conforming installations or supports; 
280.25     (iv) that if the nonconforming installation or support is 
280.26  not removed or replaced within 60 days after the date of the 
280.27  notice, the commissioner or road authority may remove and 
280.28  replace the installation or support at a cost of up to $75 to 
280.29  the owner or resident; and 
280.30     (v) that where the replacement is made in conjunction with 
280.31  certain federally aided highway construction projects the 
280.32  replacement may be made at partial or no cost to the owner or 
280.33  resident. 
280.34                   SPECIAL VEHICLE USE ON ROADWAY 
280.35     Sec. 20.  [169M.61] [SPECIAL VEHICLE USE ON ROADWAY.] 
280.36     Subdivision 1.  [DESIGNATION OF ROADWAYS, PERMIT.] The 
281.1   governing body of any home rule charter or statutory city or 
281.2   town may by ordinance authorize the operation of motorized golf 
281.3   carts, or four-wheel all-terrain vehicles, on designated 
281.4   roadways or portions thereof under its jurisdiction.  
281.5   Authorization to operate a motorized golf cart or four-wheel 
281.6   all-terrain vehicle is by permit only. 
281.7      Subd. 2.  [ORDINANCE.] The ordinance shall designate the 
281.8   roadways, prescribe the form of the application for the permit, 
281.9   require evidence of insurance complying with the provisions of 
281.10  section 65B.48, subdivision 5, and may prescribe conditions, not 
281.11  inconsistent with the provisions of this section, under which a 
281.12  permit may be granted.  Permits may be granted for a period of 
281.13  not to exceed one year, and may be annually renewed.  A permit 
281.14  may be revoked at any time if there is evidence that the 
281.15  permittee cannot safely operate the motorized golf cart or 
281.16  four-wheel all-terrain vehicle on the designated roadways.  The 
281.17  ordinance may require, as a condition to obtaining a permit, 
281.18  that the applicant submit a certificate signed by a physician 
281.19  that the applicant is able to safely operate a motorized golf 
281.20  cart or four-wheel all-terrain vehicle on the roadways 
281.21  designated. 
281.22     Subd. 3.  [TIMES OF OPERATION.] Motorized golf carts and 
281.23  four-wheel all-terrain vehicles shall not be operated on 
281.24  designated roadways: 
281.25     (a) before sunrise; 
281.26     (b) after sunset; 
281.27     (c) in inclement weather; 
281.28     (d) when visibility is impaired by weather, smoke, fog or 
281.29  other conditions; or 
281.30     (e) at any time when there is insufficient light to clearly 
281.31  see persons and vehicles on the roadway at a distance of 500 
281.32  feet. 
281.33     Subd. 4.  [SLOW-MOVING VEHICLE EMBLEM.] Motorized golf 
281.34  carts shall display the slow-moving vehicle emblem provided for 
281.35  in section 169F.17, when operated on designated roadways. 
281.36     Subd. 5.  [CROSSING INTERSECTING HIGHWAYS.] The operator, 
282.1   under permit, of a motorized golf cart or four-wheel all-terrain 
282.2   vehicle may cross any street or highway intersecting a 
282.3   designated roadway. 
282.4      Subd. 6.  [APPLICATION OF TRAFFIC LAWS.] Every person 
282.5   operating a motorized golf cart or four-wheel all-terrain 
282.6   vehicle under permit on designated roadways has all the rights 
282.7   and duties applicable to the driver of any other vehicle under 
282.8   the provisions of the vehicle code, except when those provisions 
282.9   cannot reasonably be applied to motorized golf carts or 
282.10  four-wheel all-terrain vehicles and except as otherwise 
282.11  specifically provided in subdivision 7. 
282.12     Subd. 7.  [NONAPPLICATION OF CERTAIN LAWS.] The provisions 
282.13  of chapter 169J (drivers' licenses), are not applicable to 
282.14  persons operating motorized golf carts or four-wheel all-terrain 
282.15  vehicles under permit on designated roadways pursuant to this 
282.16  section.  Except for the requirements of section 169F.59 (rear 
282.17  view mirrors), the provisions of the vehicle code relating to 
282.18  equipment on vehicles do not apply to motorized golf carts or 
282.19  four-wheel all-terrain vehicles operating, under permit, on 
282.20  designated roadways. 
282.21     Subd. 8.  [INSURANCE.] If a person operating a motorized 
282.22  golf cart or four-wheel, all-terrain vehicle under this section 
282.23  cannot obtain liability insurance in the private market, the 
282.24  person may purchase automobile insurance, including no-fault 
282.25  coverage, from the Minnesota Automobile Assigned Risk Plan at a 
282.26  rate to be determined by the commissioner of commerce. 
282.27                     STORAGE OF MOTOR VEHICLES 
282.28     Sec. 21.  [169M.71] [OUTDOOR STORAGE OF COLLECTOR VEHICLE.] 
282.29     Subdivision 1.  [GENERALLY.] A pioneer, classic, collector, 
282.30  collector military, or street rod vehicle, as described in 
282.31  section 168.10, subdivisions 1a to 1d and 1h, licensed or 
282.32  unlicensed, operable or inoperable, may be stored in compliance 
282.33  with local government zoning and ordinances on its owner's 
282.34  property, provided that the vehicle and any outdoor storage area 
282.35  it may require is: 
282.36     (a) maintained so as not to constitute a health or 
283.1   environmental hazard; and 
283.2      (b) is screened from ordinary public view by a fence, 
283.3   shrubbery, rapidly growing trees, or other appropriate means. 
283.4      Subd. 2.  [LOCAL AUTHORITY ACTION.] The appropriate local 
283.5   agency or authority may inform an owner of the owner's failure 
283.6   to comply with these requirements, and may order the vehicle 
283.7   removed from the outdoor storage area if the owner fails to 
283.8   comply with these requirements within 20 days after the warning. 
283.9      Sec. 22.  [169M.73] [REPORT OF STORAGE OF MOTOR VEHICLE FOR 
283.10  30 DAYS.] 
283.11     Every operator of a structure or place where motor vehicles 
283.12  are stored shall report in writing to the bureau of criminal 
283.13  apprehension the fact that a motor vehicle has been continuously 
283.14  stored in the structure or place more than 30 days without 
283.15  having been removed from the structure or place when the motor 
283.16  vehicle's owner is not personally known to the operator and no 
283.17  contract exists between the operator and the motor vehicle's 
283.18  owner for the storage.  The report shall be in a form prescribed 
283.19  by the bureau, furnishing identification of the vehicle. 
283.20                             ARTICLE 11 
283.21              LICENSE PLATE VIOLATIONS AND IMPOUNDMENT 
283.22                     DISPLAYING LICENSE PLATES 
283.23     Section 1.  [169N.11] [DISPLAYING LICENSE PLATES.] 
283.24     Subdivision 1.  [NO OPERATION WITHOUT LICENSE PLATES OR 
283.25  TEMPORARY PERMIT.] (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c), no 
283.26  person shall use or operate a motor vehicle, except one exempted 
283.27  by section 168.012 (vehicles exempt from license fees), upon a 
283.28  highway unless it is currently registered, the motor vehicle tax 
283.29  and fees are paid, and the license plates issued for the motor 
283.30  vehicle are displayed on the vehicle. 
283.31     (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) and section 
283.32  168.012, a person shall not operate a motor vehicle that is not 
283.33  subject to taxation under chapter 168 upon a highway until the 
283.34  motor vehicle is registered and displays license plates as 
283.35  required by this chapter. 
283.36     (c) A motor vehicle may be operated without current plates 
284.1   if a current permit authorized by section 168.091 (nonresident 
284.2   purchaser), 168.092 (resident purchaser), 168.09, subdivision 7 
284.3   (special plate replacement), 169N.21, subdivision 5 (upon plate 
284.4   impoundment) is displayed.  Whenever practicable the permit must 
284.5   be posted upon the driver's side of the rear window inside the 
284.6   vehicle.  The permit is valid only for the vehicle for which it 
284.7   was issued. 
284.8      Subd. 2.  [VEHICLE REGISTERED UNDER MONTHLY SERIES.] A 
284.9   vehicle registered under the monthly series system of 
284.10  registration shall display the plates and insignia issued within 
284.11  ten days of the first day of the month that begins the 
284.12  registration period. 
284.13     Subd. 3.  [PRORATABLE VEHICLES; OTHER VEHICLES.] (a) Plates 
284.14  or other insignia issued for a motor vehicle registered under 
284.15  section 168.187 (interstate registration and reciprocity) for a 
284.16  calendar year shall be displayed on the motor vehicle not later 
284.17  than 12:01 a.m. on March 2 of the year unless extended by the 
284.18  commissioner for the time required to issue the new plates or 
284.19  insignia.  The registration year for vehicles registered under 
284.20  section 168.187 as provided in this section is from March 1 to 
284.21  the last day of February. 
284.22     (b) Plates or other insignia issued for a self-propelled 
284.23  motor vehicle registered for over 27,000 pounds except a motor 
284.24  vehicle registered under sections 168.017 (monthly series 
284.25  registration system) and 168.187 shall be displayed on the 
284.26  vehicle not later than 12:01 a.m. on March 2, nor earlier than 
284.27  12:01 a.m. on February 15, unless otherwise extended by the 
284.28  commissioner for the time required to issue the new plates or 
284.29  insignia. 
284.30     (c) Plates or other insignia issued for a self-propelled 
284.31  vehicle registered for 27,000 pounds or less or other motor 
284.32  vehicle except a vehicle registered under section 168.017 or 
284.33  168.187, shall be displayed not later than 12:01 a.m. on March 
284.34  2, and not earlier than January 1, unless otherwise extended by 
284.35  the commissioner for the time required to issue the new plates 
284.36  or insignia. 
285.1      (d) The registration year for all vehicles registered under 
285.2   paragraphs (b) and (c) is from March 1 to the last day of 
285.3   February. 
285.4      Subd. 4.  [DEFENSES TO FAILURE TO RENEW.] No person may be 
285.5   charged with violating this section because of failure to renew 
285.6   the registration of a previously registered motor vehicle, 
285.7   except a vehicle registered under section 168.187 (interstate 
285.8   registration and reciprocity), if: 
285.9      (a) the person produces a statement from the commissioner 
285.10  to the effect that the person was not notified by the 
285.11  commissioner of the annual renewal for the registration of the 
285.12  vehicle to which a citation was issued; and 
285.13     (b) the person renews the registration and pays the motor 
285.14  vehicle tax and fees due within ten days after being cited for 
285.15  the violation. 
285.16     Subd. 5.  [USE OF DEALER PLATES.] (a) It is unlawful to 
285.17  operate a motor vehicle with dealer plates issued under section 
285.18  168.27 other than as specified in paragraph (b) or (c). 
285.19     (b) A motor vehicle, new or used, owned by a motor vehicle 
285.20  dealership and bearing its license plate, other than a vehicle 
285.21  leased to a user who is not an employee of the dealer during the 
285.22  term of the lease, held for hire, or customarily used by the 
285.23  dealer as a tow truck, service truck, or parts vehicle, may be 
285.24  driven upon the highways of this state: 
285.25     (1) by the motor vehicle dealer or dealer's spouse, or a 
285.26  full-time employee of the motor vehicle dealer for either 
285.27  private or business purposes; 
285.28     (2) by a part-time employee when the use is directly 
285.29  related to a particular business transaction of the dealer; 
285.30     (3) for demonstration purposes by a prospective buyer of 
285.31  the motor vehicle for a period of 48 hours or, in the case of a 
285.32  truck, truck-tractor, or semitrailer, for a period of seven 
285.33  days; or 
285.34     (4) in a promotional event that lasts no longer than four 
285.35  days and in which at least three motor vehicles are involved. 
285.36     (c) A new or used motor vehicle sold by the motor vehicle 
286.1   dealer and bearing the motor vehicle dealer's license plate may 
286.2   be driven upon the highways for a period of 72 hours by the 
286.3   buyer for either of the following purposes: 
286.4      (1) removing the vehicle from this state for registration 
286.5   in another state; or 
286.6      (2) permitting the buyer to use the motor vehicle before 
286.7   the buyer receives license plates pursuant to registration.  Use 
286.8   of a motor vehicle by the buyer under this clause constitutes a 
286.9   use of the highways for the purpose of the time requirements for 
286.10  registering motor vehicles. 
286.11     Subd. 6.  [UNLAWFUL ACTS.] It is unlawful for a person: 
286.12     (a) to display or cause to be displayed, or to possess any 
286.13  canceled, revoked, suspended, or fraudulently obtained, or 
286.14  stolen license plates; 
286.15     (b) to lend the person's license plates to another or 
286.16  knowingly to permit the use thereof by another; 
286.17     (c) to display or represent as the person's own any license 
286.18  plates not issued to that person; provided, however, this does 
286.19  not apply to: 
286.20     (1) a legal change of ownership of the motor vehicle to 
286.21  which the plates are attached; or 
286.22     (2) a transfer of collector plates under section 168.10, 
286.23  subdivision 1i; 
286.24     (d) to fail or refuse to surrender to the department upon 
286.25  its lawful demand any license plates that have been revoked, 
286.26  canceled, or suspended by proper authority; 
286.27     (e) to use a false or fictitious name or address, or 
286.28  description of the motor vehicle, identification number, or 
286.29  serial number, in an application for registration of a motor 
286.30  vehicle, or to knowingly make a false statement, or to knowingly 
286.31  conceal a material fact, or otherwise commit a fraud in any such 
286.32  application; or 
286.33     (f) to destroy, alter, remove, cover, or deface the 
286.34  identification or serial number of a motor vehicle or to 
286.35  knowingly operate a motor vehicle the identification or serial 
286.36  number of which has been destroyed, altered, removed, covered, 
287.1   or defaced without first making application for assignment of a 
287.2   special identification number as provided by law. 
287.3      Sec. 2.  [169N.115] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR LICENSE PLATE 
287.4   DISPLAY VIOLATION.] 
287.5      Whoever violates section 169N.11, subdivision 6, is guilty 
287.6   of a third degree misdemeanor. 
287.7      Sec. 3.  [169N.13] [CONDUCT INTENDED TO ESCAPE TAX.] 
287.8      It is unlawful for a person: 
287.9      (a) with intent to escape payment of any tax on a motor 
287.10  vehicle, to delay or neglect to properly list and apply to 
287.11  register the motor vehicle; or 
287.12     (b) with intent to prevent the payment or collection of the 
287.13  proper tax, fee, or lien thereon, to violate or neglect to 
287.14  comply with any provision of this chapter or chapter 168 (motor 
287.15  vehicle registration and taxation). 
287.16     Sec. 4.  [169N.133] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR CONDUCT 
287.17  INTENDED TO ESCAPE TAX.] 
287.18     Whoever violates section 169N.13 is guilty of a second 
287.19  degree misdemeanor, if the amount of the tax, fee, or lien is 
287.20  $500 or more. 
287.21     Sec. 5.  [169N.135] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR CONDUCT 
287.22  INTENDED TO ESCAPE TAX.] 
287.23     Except as provided in section 169N.133, whoever violates 
287.24  section 169N.13 is guilty of a third degree misdemeanor. 
287.25     Sec. 6.  [169N.15] [OTHER LICENSE PLATE VIOLATIONS.] 
287.26     Subdivision 1.  [UNAUTHORIZED LOAN OR USE OF LICENSE 
287.27  PLATE.] It is unlawful for a person to: 
287.28     (a) lend or use a license plate upon or in connection with 
287.29  a motor vehicle except the one for which the plate was duly 
287.30  issued; 
287.31     (b) use a license plate upon a motor vehicle after the 
287.32  plate, or the right to use the plate, has expired; or 
287.33     (c) retain in possession or fail to surrender a license 
287.34  plate required by this chapter to be surrendered. 
287.35     Subd. 2.  [UNAUTHORIZED MANUFACTURE, SALE, OR USE.] It is 
287.36  unlawful for a person to manufacturer, buy, sell, use, or 
288.1   display a motor vehicle license plate, motor vehicle 
288.2   registration certificate, or tax receipt issued by this state or 
288.3   any other state, territory, or district in the United States, 
288.4   without proper authority from the state, territory, or district. 
288.5      Subd. 3.  [ALTERATION OF PLATE OR CERTIFICATE.] It is 
288.6   unlawful for a person to: 
288.7      (a) deface or alter a license plate or registration 
288.8   certificate; or 
288.9      (b) retain in possession a license plate or registration 
288.10  certificate after it has been defaced or altered. 
288.11     Subd. 4.  [OTHER UNLAWFUL ACTS.] It is unlawful for a 
288.12  person to: 
288.13     (a) use or cause a motor vehicle to be used or operated in 
288.14  violation of this chapter or chapter 168; 
288.15     (b) use or cause a motor vehicle to be used or operated 
288.16  while a certificate of registration of a motor vehicle issued to 
288.17  the person is suspended or revoked; 
288.18     (c) knowingly deliver a motor vehicle to another to be used 
288.19  or operated in violation of this chapter or chapter 168; or 
288.20     (d) violate any provision of this chapter or chapter 168. 
288.21     Subd. 5.  [OFFICER MAY SEIZE LICENSE PLATES.] If a peace 
288.22  officer stops a motor vehicle and determines, through a check of 
288.23  the motor vehicle registration record system, that the vehicle 
288.24  is being operated while the certificate of registration for the 
288.25  vehicle is revoked, the officer may immediately seize the 
288.26  vehicle's license plates and destroy the plates or return them 
288.27  to the commissioner. 
288.28     Sec. 7.  [169N.155] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR LICENSE PLATE 
288.29  VIOLATION.] 
288.30     Whoever violates section 169N.15 is guilty of a third 
288.31  degree misdemeanor. 
288.32                     IMPOUNDING LICENSE PLATES 
288.33     Sec. 8.  [169N.21] [IMPOUNDING LICENSE PLATES.] 
288.34     Subdivision 1.  [DRIVING AFTER LICENSE INVALIDATED.] (a) 
288.35  When a person is convicted of driving a self-propelled motor 
288.36  vehicle after the suspension, revocation, or cancellation of the 
289.1   person's driver's license or driving privileges, the court shall 
289.2   require the license plates of the self-propelled motor vehicle 
289.3   involved in the violation owned by the person or registered in 
289.4   the person's name to be surrendered to the court.  The court 
289.5   shall issue a receipt for the surrendered plates. 
289.6      (b) If the violator is not the owner of the vehicle, the 
289.7   court shall require the plates to be surrendered to the court if 
289.8   the violator used the vehicle with the owner's permission and 
289.9   the owner knew before the violator committed the offense that 
289.10  the violator's driver's license had been revoked or suspended. 
289.11     Subd. 2.  [MOVING VIOLATION AFTER CONVICTION FOR DRIVING 
289.12  WITHOUT LICENSE.] If a person is convicted of violating a law or 
289.13  ordinance, except a parking law or ordinance, regulating the 
289.14  operation of motor vehicles on the highways, and the violator's 
289.15  record shows a previous conviction for driving after suspension 
289.16  or revocation of driver's license or driving privileges, the 
289.17  court may direct the commissioner to suspend the violator's 
289.18  driver's license for a period not exceeding one year.  The court 
289.19  may also require the license plates of any self-propelled motor 
289.20  vehicle owned by the violator or registered in the violator's 
289.21  name to be surrendered to the court. 
289.22     Subd. 3.  [MANDATORY LICENSE REVOCATION OFFENSE.] Except as 
289.23  otherwise provided in section 169N.23, if a person is convicted 
289.24  of an offense that makes mandatory the revocation of the 
289.25  person's driver's license, or is convicted of driving a 
289.26  self-propelled motor vehicle without having a valid driver's 
289.27  license in force, the court may require the license plates of 
289.28  any self-propelled motor vehicle owned by the person or 
289.29  registered in the person's name to be surrendered to the court. 
289.30     Subd. 4.  [IMPOUNDMENT ORDER; PLATES SURRENDERED.] If the 
289.31  court issues an impoundment order, the license plates must be 
289.32  surrendered to the court either three days after the order is 
289.33  issued or on the date specified by the court, whichever date is 
289.34  later.  The court may destroy the surrendered plates.  Except as 
289.35  provided in subdivision 6 or 7, no new plates may be issued to 
289.36  the violator or owner until the violator's driver's license is 
290.1   reissued or reinstated.  The court shall notify the commissioner 
290.2   within ten days after issuing an impoundment order.  The 
290.3   commissioner shall adopt rules necessary to implement this 
290.4   subdivision. 
290.5      Subd. 5.  [REVOCATION RESCINDED.] If the driver's license 
290.6   revocation that is the basis for an impoundment order is 
290.7   rescinded, the commissioner shall issue new license plates for 
290.8   the vehicle at no cost, when the commissioner receives an 
290.9   application that includes a copy of the order rescinding the 
290.10  driver's license revocation. 
290.11     Subd. 6.  [SPECIAL SERIES PLATES.] (a) A violator or owner 
290.12  may apply to the commissioner for new license plates bearing a 
290.13  special series of numbers or letters readily identifiable by 
290.14  traffic law enforcement officers.  The commissioner may 
290.15  authorize special plates if: 
290.16     (1) a member of the violator's household has a valid 
290.17  driver's license; 
290.18     (2) the violator or owner has a limited license issued 
290.19  under section 169J.75; or 
290.20     (3) the owner is not the violator and the owner has a valid 
290.21  or limited license or a member of the owner's household has a 
290.22  valid driver's license. 
290.23     (b) The commissioner may issue the special plates on 
290.24  payment of a $25 fee for each vehicle for which special plates 
290.25  are requested.  The commissioner may not authorize special 
290.26  plates unless the court that impounded the vehicle's plates 
290.27  gives written approval for special plates to be issued. 
290.28     (c) Until the violator's driver's license is reinstated or 
290.29  reissued, the violator shall inform the commissioner that an 
290.30  impoundment order is in effect when requesting new license 
290.31  plates. 
290.32     Subd. 7.  [TRANSFERRING VEHICLE WHEN PLATES IMPOUNDED.] (a) 
290.33  A registered owner may not sell a motor vehicle during the time 
290.34  its license plates are ordered surrendered or during the time 
290.35  its license plates bear a special series number, unless the 
290.36  registered owner applies to the court that impounded the plates, 
291.1   for consent to transfer title to the motor vehicle.  If the 
291.2   court is satisfied that the proposed sale is in good faith and 
291.3   for a valid consideration, that the registered owner will be 
291.4   deprived of custody and control of the motor vehicle, and that 
291.5   the sale is not for the purpose of circumventing this section, 
291.6   it may certify its consent to the commissioner.  The 
291.7   commissioner shall then transfer the certificate of title to the 
291.8   new owner upon proper application and issue new license plates. 
291.9      (b) After license plates have been ordered surrendered to 
291.10  the court under this section, if the title to the motor vehicle 
291.11  is transferred by foreclosure of a chattel mortgage, 
291.12  cancellation of a conditional sales contract, sale upon 
291.13  execution, or court decree or order, the commissioner shall 
291.14  transfer the certificate of title and issue new license plates 
291.15  to the new registered owner. 
291.16     Subd. 8.  [RELATION TO VEHICLE TAXATION LAWS.] Nothing 
291.17  contained in this section or section 169N.23 changes any 
291.18  provision of chapter 168 regarding the taxation of motor 
291.19  vehicles or the time within which motor vehicle taxes must be 
291.20  paid. 
291.21     Subd. 9.  [UNLAWFUL ACTS.] It is unlawful for a person to: 
291.22     (a) fail to surrender any license plates to the court upon 
291.23  demand under this section; 
291.24     (b) operate a motor vehicle on a highway at a time when a 
291.25  court has ordered the surrender of its license plates; or 
291.26     (c) fail to comply with subdivision 6, paragraph (c). 
291.27     Sec. 9.  [169N.215] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR UNLAWFUL 
291.28  CONDUCT REGARDING PLATE IMPOUNDMENT.] 
291.29     Whoever violates section 169N.21, subdivision 9, is guilty 
291.30  of a third degree misdemeanor. 
291.31     Sec. 10.  [169N.23] [ADMINISTRATIVE IMPOUNDMENT OF PLATES.] 
291.32     Subdivision 1.  [ISSUANCE OF IMPOUNDMENT ORDER.] The 
291.33  commissioner shall issue a license plate impoundment order when: 
291.34     (a) a person's driver's license or driving privileges are 
291.35  revoked in this state or another state for a third violation 
291.36  within five years, or a fourth or subsequent violation within 15 
292.1   years, of section 169B.11 (driver under influence), section 
292.2   169B.41 (refusal to test), or a statute or ordinance from 
292.3   another state in conformity with either section; 
292.4      (b) a person's driver's license or driving privileges are 
292.5   revoked for a violation of section 169B.115, paragraph (b) 
292.6   (driver under influence with child under 16 in vehicle), within 
292.7   five years after one previous violation or within 15 years after 
292.8   two or more previous violations of a provision specified in 
292.9   paragraph (a); or 
292.10     (c) a person is arrested for or charged with violating: 
292.11     (1) section 169J.65 (driving after withdrawal of driving 
292.12  privileges) while the person's driver's license or driving 
292.13  privileges are canceled under section 169J.05, subdivision 1, 
292.14  paragraph (k) (inimical to public safety); or 
292.15     (2) section 169B.115, subdivision 1, paragraph (e) (driver 
292.16  under influence before reinstatement following prior 
292.17  substance-related loss of license). 
292.18     Subd. 2.  [CONTENTS OF IMPOUNDMENT ORDER.] The order shall 
292.19  require the impoundment of the license plates of the 
292.20  self-propelled motor vehicle involved in the violation and all 
292.21  self-propelled motor vehicles owned by, registered, or leased in 
292.22  the violator's name, including self-propelled motor vehicles 
292.23  registered jointly or leased in the name of the violator and 
292.24  another.  The commissioner shall not issue an impoundment order 
292.25  for the license plates of a vehicle registered in another state, 
292.26  or of, a passenger vehicle, truck, motorcycle, or motorized 
292.27  bicycle: 
292.28     (a) that is leased in the violator's name, or leased 
292.29  jointly in the name of the violator and the violator's spouse; 
292.30  and 
292.31     (b) that is one of a fleet of two or more vehicles rented 
292.32  for periods of 30 days or less. 
292.33     Subd. 3.  [IMPOUNDMENT NOTICE.] An impoundment order is 
292.34  effective when the commissioner, or a peace officer acting on 
292.35  the commissioner's behalf notifies the violator or the 
292.36  registered owner of the self-propelled motor vehicle of the 
293.1   impoundment order.  The notice must advise the violator of the 
293.2   duties and obligations set forth in subdivision 6 and of the 
293.3   right to obtain administrative and judicial review.  An 
293.4   impoundment notice to a registered owner who is not the violator 
293.5   must describe the procedure to obtain new license plates under 
293.6   subdivision 8.  If mailed, the impoundment notice and 
293.7   impoundment order are considered received three days after 
293.8   mailing to the violator's or registered owner's last known 
293.9   address. 
293.10     Subd. 4.  [PEACE OFFICER AS AGENT FOR COMMISSIONER.] On 
293.11  behalf of the commissioner, in the circumstances specified in 
293.12  subdivision 1, paragraph (a) or (c), a peace officer issuing a 
293.13  notice of intent to revoke and of revocation under section 
293.14  169B.11 shall also serve an impoundment notice and impoundment 
293.15  order.  If the vehicle is accessible when the officer issues the 
293.16  impoundment order, the officer shall seize the license plates 
293.17  subject to the impoundment order.  The officer shall destroy 
293.18  plates seized or impounded under this section.  The officer 
293.19  shall send the commissioner copies of the impoundment notice and 
293.20  impoundment order, and of a notice that the license plates 
293.21  impounded and seized under this section have been destroyed. 
293.22     Subd. 5.  [TEMPORARY PERMIT.] If the self-propelled motor 
293.23  vehicle is registered to the violator, the officer shall issue a 
293.24  temporary vehicle permit that is valid for seven days when the 
293.25  officer issues the notices under subdivision 4.  If the 
293.26  self-propelled motor vehicle is registered in the name of 
293.27  another, the officer shall issue a temporary vehicle permit that 
293.28  is valid for 45 days when the notices are issued under 
293.29  subdivision 3.  The permit must be in a form determined by the 
293.30  commissioner.  A permit is valid only for the vehicle for which 
293.31  it is issued. 
293.32     Subd. 6.  [VEHICLES SUBJECT TO IMPOUNDMENT ORDERS.] Within 
293.33  seven days after the impoundment notice is issued, a person who 
293.34  receives an impoundment notice and impoundment order shall 
293.35  surrender all license plates subject to the impoundment order 
293.36  that were not seized by a peace officer under subdivision 4.  
294.1   Plates required to be surrendered under this subdivision must be 
294.2   surrendered to a Minnesota police department, sheriff, or the 
294.3   state patrol, along with a copy of the impoundment order.  A law 
294.4   enforcement agency receiving plates under this subdivision shall 
294.5   destroy the plates and notify the commissioner that they have 
294.6   been destroyed.  The notification to the commissioner shall also 
294.7   include a copy of the impoundment order. 
294.8      Subd. 7.  [VEHICLE NOT OWNED BY VIOLATOR.] Within seven 
294.9   days after an impoundment order is issued, a violator may file 
294.10  with the commissioner a sworn statement stating any material 
294.11  information relating to the impoundment order, including that 
294.12  the vehicle has been sold or destroyed and supplying the date, 
294.13  name, location, and address of the person or entity that 
294.14  purchased or destroyed the vehicle.  The commissioner shall 
294.15  rescind the impoundment order if the violator shows that the 
294.16  impoundment order was not properly issued. 
294.17     Subd. 8.  [REISSUANCE OF LICENSE PLATES.] (a) The 
294.18  commissioner shall rescind the impoundment order of a person 
294.19  subject to an order under this section, other than the violator, 
294.20  if: 
294.21     (1) the violator had a valid driver's license on the date 
294.22  of the violation and the person files with the commissioner an 
294.23  acceptable sworn statement containing the following information: 
294.24     (i) that the person is the registered owner of the vehicle 
294.25  from which the plates have been impounded under this section; 
294.26     (ii) that the person is the current owner and possessor of 
294.27  the vehicle used in the violation; 
294.28     (iii) the date on which the violator obtained the vehicle 
294.29  from the registered owner; 
294.30     (iv) the registered owner's and violator's residence 
294.31  addresses on the date the violator obtained the vehicle from the 
294.32  registered owner; 
294.33     (v) that the person was not a passenger in the vehicle at 
294.34  the time of the violation; and 
294.35     (vi) that the person knows that the violator may not drive, 
294.36  operate, or be in physical control of a vehicle without a valid 
295.1   driver's license; or 
295.2      (2) the violator did not have a valid driver's license on 
295.3   the date of the violation and the person before the violation 
295.4   made a report to a law enforcement agency stating that the 
295.5   vehicle had been taken from the person's possession or was being 
295.6   used without permission. 
295.7      (b) A person who failed to make a report as provided in 
295.8   paragraph (a), clause (2), may be issued special license plates 
295.9   under subdivision 12 for a period of one year after the 
295.10  effective date of the impoundment order.  At the next 
295.11  registration renewal following this one-year period, the person 
295.12  may apply for regular license plates. 
295.13     (c) If the impoundment order is rescinded, the owner shall 
295.14  receive new license plates at no cost, if the plates were seized 
295.15  and destroyed. 
295.16     Subd. 9.  [ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW.] (a) At any time during 
295.17  the effective period of an impoundment order, a person may 
295.18  request in writing a review of the impoundment order by the 
295.19  commissioner.  On receiving a request, the commissioner or the 
295.20  commissioner's designee shall review the impoundment order, the 
295.21  evidence upon which the order was based, and any other material 
295.22  information brought to the commissioner's attention, and 
295.23  determine whether sufficient cause exists to sustain the order.  
295.24  The commissioner shall report in writing the results of the 
295.25  review within 15 days after receiving the request.  The review 
295.26  provided in this subdivision is not subject to the contested 
295.27  case provisions of chapter 14.  As a result of this review, the 
295.28  commissioner may issue new license plates at no cost to the 
295.29  registered owner of the vehicle if the registered owner's 
295.30  license or driving privileges were not revoked under section 
295.31  169B.11 (driver under influence) or 169B.41 (refusal to test). 
295.32     (b) Review under this subdivision shall take place, if 
295.33  possible, at the same time as any administrative review of the 
295.34  person's license revocation under section 169B.35, subdivision 9.
295.35     Subd. 10.  [PETITION FOR JUDICIAL REVIEW.] (a) Within 30 
295.36  days after receiving a notice and order of impoundment under 
296.1   this section, a person may petition the court for review.  The 
296.2   petition must include the petitioner's date of birth and 
296.3   driver's license number, and the date of the violation.  The 
296.4   petition shall state with specificity the grounds upon which the 
296.5   petitioner seeks rescission of the impoundment order.  The 
296.6   petition may be combined with a petition filed under section 
296.7   169B.37, subdivision 1. 
296.8      (b) Except as otherwise provided in this section, the 
296.9   judicial review and hearing are governed by section 169B.37, and 
296.10  shall take place at the same time as any judicial review of the 
296.11  person's license revocation under section 169B.37.  The filing 
296.12  of the petition does not stay the impoundment order.  If the 
296.13  hearing is not conducted within 60 days after the petition is 
296.14  filed, the reviewing court may order a stay of the rest of the 
296.15  impoundment period upon terms the court considers proper.  The 
296.16  court shall order that the impoundment be either rescinded or 
296.17  sustained, and forward the order to the commissioner.  The court 
296.18  shall file its order within 14 days after the hearing. 
296.19     (c) In addition to the issues described in section 169B.37, 
296.20  subdivision 3, the scope of a hearing under this subdivision is 
296.21  limited to the following issues: 
296.22     (1) Is the violator a person who owns, is the registered 
296.23  owner of, possesses, or has access to the vehicle used in the 
296.24  violation? 
296.25     (2) Does a member of the violator's household have a valid 
296.26  driver's license? 
296.27     (3) Does the violator or registered owner have a limited 
296.28  license issued under section 169J.75? 
296.29     (4) Is the registered owner the violator? 
296.30     (5) Does the registered owner have a valid or limited 
296.31  driver's license? 
296.32     (6) Does a member of the registered owner's household have 
296.33  a valid driver's license? 
296.34     (7) If the impoundment is based on a violation described in 
296.35  subdivision 1, paragraph (c), did the peace officer have 
296.36  probable cause to believe the violator committed the violation? 
297.1      (8) If the impoundment is based on a violation described in 
297.2   subdivision 1, paragraph (c), does the evidence demonstrate that 
297.3   the violation occurred? 
297.4      (d) In a hearing under this subdivision, the following are 
297.5   admissible in evidence: 
297.6      (1) certified copies of the violator's driving record; and 
297.7      (2) certified copies of vehicle registration records 
297.8   bearing the violator's name. 
297.9      Subd. 11.  [NEW PLATES UPON RESCISSION OF REVOCATION, 
297.10  DISMISSAL OF CHARGES, OR ACQUITTAL.] (a) If the driver's license 
297.11  revocation that is the basis for an impoundment order is 
297.12  rescinded, and the commissioner receives an application that 
297.13  includes a copy of the order rescinding the driver's license 
297.14  revocation, the commissioner shall issue new license plates for 
297.15  the vehicle at no cost. 
297.16     (b) If the impoundment order was based on a violation 
297.17  described in subdivision 1, paragraph (c), and the charges are 
297.18  dismissed with prejudice or the violator is acquitted of the 
297.19  violation, and the commissioner receives an application that 
297.20  includes a copy of the order dismissing the charges or of the 
297.21  judgment of acquittal, the commissioner shall issue new license 
297.22  plates for the vehicle at no cost. 
297.23     Subd. 12.  [ISSUING SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES.] (a) A violator 
297.24  or registered owner may apply to the commissioner for new 
297.25  license plates bearing a special series of numbers or letters 
297.26  readily identifiable by traffic law enforcement officers. 
297.27     (b) The commissioner may authorize the issuance of special 
297.28  plates if: 
297.29     (1) the violator has a qualified licensed driver whom the 
297.30  violator must identify; 
297.31     (2) the violator or registered owner has a limited license 
297.32  issued under section 169J.75; 
297.33     (3) the registered owner is not the violator and the 
297.34  registered owner has a valid or limited driver's license; or 
297.35     (4) a member of the registered owner's household has a 
297.36  valid driver's license. 
298.1      (c) The commissioner may issue the special plates on 
298.2   payment of a $25 fee for each vehicle for which special plates 
298.3   are requested. 
298.4      Subd. 13.  [SALE OF VEHICLE SUBJECT TO IMPOUNDMENT ORDER.] 
298.5   (a) A registered owner may not sell a self-propelled motor 
298.6   vehicle during the time its license plates have been ordered 
298.7   impounded or during the time its plates bear a special series 
298.8   number, unless: 
298.9      (1) the sale is for a valid consideration; 
298.10     (2) the transferee does not reside in the same household as 
298.11  the registered owner; and 
298.12     (3) all elements of section 168A.10 (transfer of interest 
298.13  by owner) are satisfied. 
298.14     (b) In the situation specified in paragraph (a), the 
298.15  commissioner may transfer the title to the new owner upon proper 
298.16  application and issue new plates. 
298.17     Subd. 14.  [ACQUIRING ANOTHER VEHICLE.] If, during the 
298.18  effective period of the plate impoundment, the violator applies 
298.19  to the commissioner for license plates for a vehicle, the 
298.20  commissioner shall not issue plates unless the violator 
298.21  qualifies for special plates under subdivision 12 and unless the 
298.22  plates issued are special plates as described in subdivision 12. 
298.23     Subd. 15.  [UNLAWFUL ACTS.] A person commits an unlawful 
298.24  act if the person: 
298.25     (a) fails to comply with an impoundment order under this 
298.26  section; 
298.27     (b) files a false statement under subdivision 5 or 6; 
298.28     (c) operates a self-propelled motor vehicle on a highway 
298.29  when the vehicle is subject to an impoundment order issued under 
298.30  this section; or 
298.31     (d) fails to notify the commissioner of the impoundment 
298.32  order when requesting new plates. 
298.33     Sec. 11.  [169N.235] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR UNLAWFUL 
298.34  CONDUCT REGARDING ADMINISTRATIVE PLATE IMPOUNDMENT.] 
298.35     Whoever violates section 169N.23, subdivision 15, is guilty 
298.36  of a third degree misdemeanor. 
299.1                      COMMERCIAL TRANSPORTATION 
299.2      Sec. 12.  [169N.31] [ONE-WAY TRIP PERMIT.] 
299.3      When a person seeks to operate a motor vehicle carrying no 
299.4   load or to tow a manufactured home owned by a nonresident upon 
299.5   the highways of this state solely for the purpose of 
299.6   transporting it from a point outside the state to another point 
299.7   outside the state, and the vehicle is not otherwise exempt from 
299.8   registration and taxation as provided by law, the owner need not 
299.9   display license plates under section 169N.11 if the person: 
299.10     (a) has a one-way trip permit issued under section 168.82; 
299.11  or 
299.12     (b) is proceeding with the vehicle into the state, not more 
299.13  than 35 miles, to the nearest city in which a deputy registrar 
299.14  is located to secure the permit. 
299.15     Sec. 13.  [169N.33] [INTERCITY BUS.] 
299.16     It is unlawful to operate an intercity bus, as defined in 
299.17  section 168.61, subdivision 1, within the state unless it has 
299.18  either: 
299.19     (a) Minnesota license plates; or 
299.20     (b) special identification plates or certificates issued 
299.21  under section 168.62. 
299.22     Sec. 14.  [169N.35] [RENTAL TRUCK OR TRAILER.] 
299.23     A rental truck or rental trailer defined in section 168.841 
299.24  may be used within the state only if the owner complies with 
299.25  sections 168.841 to 168.846 (registration and taxation of rental 
299.26  trucks and trailers). 
299.27                             ARTICLE 12 
299.28             MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION, TAXATION, SALE 
299.29     Section 1.  [168.005] [INFRACTION VIOLATION OF CHAPTER.] 
299.30     Whoever violates a provision of this chapter is guilty of 
299.31  an infraction unless a provision of this chapter or other law of 
299.32  this state specifies other punishment for the violation.  
299.33     Sec. 2.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.013, 
299.34  subdivision 1e, is amended to read: 
299.35     Subd. 1e.  [TRUCKS; TRACTORS; COMBINATIONS; EXCEPTIONS.] 
299.36  (a) On trucks and tractors except those in this chapter defined 
300.1   as farm trucks, on truck-tractor and semitrailer combinations 
300.2   except those defined as farm combinations, and on commercial 
300.3   zone vehicles, the tax based on total gross weight shall be 
300.4   graduated according to the Minnesota base rate schedule 
300.5   prescribed in this subdivision, but in no event less than $120. 
300.6                 Minnesota Base Rate Schedule 
300.7             Scheduled taxes include five percent
300.8             surtax provided for in subdivision 14
300.9             TOTAL GROSS WEIGHT
300.10                IN POUNDS                    TAX
300.11            A       0 -  1,500             $  15
300.12            B   1,501 -  3,000                20
300.13            C   3,001 -  4,500                25
300.14            D   4,501 -  6,000                35
300.15            E   6,001 -  9,000                45
300.16            F   9,001 - 12,000                70
300.17            G  12,001 - 15,000               105
300.18            H  15,001 - 18,000               145
300.19            I  18,001 - 21,000               190
300.20            J  21,001 - 26,000               270
300.21            K  26,001 - 33,000               360
300.22            L  33,001 - 39,000               475
300.23            M  39,001 - 45,000               595
300.24            N  45,001 - 51,000               715
300.25            O  51,001 - 57,000               865
300.26            P  57,001 - 63,000              1015
300.27            Q  63,001 - 69,000              1185
300.28            R  69,001 - 73,280              1325
300.29            S  73,281 - 78,000              1595
300.30            T  78,001 - 81,000              1760
300.31     (b) For purposes of the Minnesota base rate schedule, for 
300.32  vehicles with six or more axles in the "S" and "T" categories, 
300.33  the base rates are $1,520 and $1,620 respectively. 
300.34     (c) For each vehicle with a gross weight in excess of 
300.35  81,000 pounds an additional tax of $50 is imposed for each ton 
300.36  or fraction thereof in excess of 81,000 pounds, subject to 
301.1   subdivision 12. 
301.2      (d) Truck-tractors except those herein defined as farm and 
301.3   commercial zone vehicles shall be taxed in accord with the 
301.4   foregoing gross weight tax schedule on the basis of the combined 
301.5   gross weight of the truck-tractor and any semitrailer or 
301.6   semitrailers which the applicant proposes to combine with the 
301.7   truck-tractor.  
301.8      (e) Commercial zone trucks include only trucks, 
301.9   truck-tractors, and semitrailer combinations which are: 
301.10     (1) used by an authorized local cartage carrier operating 
301.11  under a permit issued under section 221.296 and whose gross 
301.12  transportation revenue consists of at least 60 percent obtained 
301.13  solely from local cartage carriage, and are operated solely 
301.14  within an area composed of two contiguous cities of the first 
301.15  class and municipalities contiguous thereto as defined by 
301.16  section 221.011, subdivision 17; or 
301.17     (2) operated by an interstate carrier registered under 
301.18  section 221.60, or by an authorized local cartage carrier or 
301.19  other carrier receiving operating authority under chapter 221, 
301.20  and operated solely within a zone exempt from regulation by the 
301.21  interstate commerce commission pursuant to United States Code, 
301.22  title 49, section 10526, subsection (b). 
301.23     (f) The license plates issued for commercial zone vehicles 
301.24  shall be plainly marked.  A person operating a commercial zone 
301.25  vehicle outside the zone or area in which its operation is 
301.26  authorized is guilty of a misdemeanor an unlawful act and, in 
301.27  addition to the penalty therefor, shall have the registration of 
301.28  the vehicle as a commercial zone vehicle revoked by the 
301.29  registrar and shall be required to reregister the vehicle at 100 
301.30  percent of the full annual tax prescribed in the Minnesota base 
301.31  rate schedule, and no part of this tax shall be refunded during 
301.32  the balance of the registration year. 
301.33     (g) On commercial zone trucks the tax shall be based on the 
301.34  total gross weight of the vehicle and during each of the first 
301.35  eight years of vehicle life shall be 75 percent of the Minnesota 
301.36  base rate schedule.  During the ninth and succeeding years of 
302.1   vehicle life the tax shall be 50 percent of the Minnesota base 
302.2   rate schedule. 
302.3      (h) On trucks, truck-tractors and semitrailer combinations, 
302.4   except those defined as farm trucks and farm combinations, and 
302.5   except for those commercial zone vehicles specifically provided 
302.6   for in this subdivision, the tax for each of the first eight 
302.7   years of vehicle life shall be 100 percent of the tax imposed in 
302.8   the Minnesota base rate schedule, and during the ninth and 
302.9   succeeding years of vehicle life, the tax shall be 75 percent of 
302.10  the Minnesota base rate prescribed by this subdivision. 
302.11     (i) For the purpose of registration, trailers coupled with 
302.12  a truck-tractor, semitrailer combination are semitrailers. 
302.13     Sec. 3.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.013, 
302.14  subdivision 3, is amended to read: 
302.15     Subd. 3.  [APPLICATION; CANCELLATION; EXCESSIVE GROSS 
302.16  WEIGHTS FORBIDDEN.] (a) The applicant for all licenses based on 
302.17  gross weight shall state in writing upon oath, the unloaded 
302.18  weight of the motor vehicle, trailer or semitrailer and the 
302.19  maximum load the applicant proposes to carry thereon, the sum of 
302.20  which shall constitute the gross weight upon which the license 
302.21  tax shall be paid, but in no case shall the declared gross 
302.22  weight upon which the tax is paid be less than 1-1/4 times the 
302.23  declared unloaded weight of the motor vehicle, trailer or 
302.24  semitrailer to be registered, except recreational vehicles taxed 
302.25  under subdivision 1g, school buses taxed under subdivision 18 
302.26  and tow trucks or towing vehicles defined in section 169.01, 
302.27  subdivision 52 169A.05.  The gross weight of a tow truck or 
302.28  towing vehicle is the actual weight of the tow truck or towing 
302.29  vehicle fully equipped, but does not include the weight of a 
302.30  wrecked or disabled vehicle towed or drawn by the tow truck or 
302.31  towing vehicle. 
302.32     (b) The gross weight of no motor vehicle, trailer or 
302.33  semitrailer shall exceed the gross weight upon which the license 
302.34  tax has been paid by more than four percent or 1,000 pounds, 
302.35  whichever is greater. 
302.36     (c) The gross weight of the motor vehicle, trailer or 
303.1   semitrailer for which the license tax is paid shall be indicated 
303.2   by a distinctive character on the license plate or plates except 
303.3   as provided in subdivision 12 and the plate or plates shall be 
303.4   kept clean and clearly visible at all times. 
303.5      (d) The owner, driver, or user of a motor vehicle, trailer 
303.6   or semitrailer upon conviction for transporting a gross weight 
303.7   in excess of the gross weight for which it was registered or for 
303.8   operating a vehicle with an axle weight exceeding the maximum 
303.9   lawful axle load weight shall be guilty of a misdemeanor an 
303.10  unlawful act and be subject to increased registration or 
303.11  reregistration according to the following schedule: 
303.12     (1) The owner, driver or user of a motor vehicle, trailer 
303.13  or semitrailer upon conviction for transporting a gross weight 
303.14  in excess of the gross weight for which it is registered by more 
303.15  than four percent or 1,000 pounds, whichever is greater, but 
303.16  less than 25 percent or for operating or using a motor vehicle, 
303.17  trailer or semitrailer with an axle weight exceeding the maximum 
303.18  lawful axle load as provided in section 169.825 169G.51 by more 
303.19  than four percent or 1,000 pounds, whichever is greater, but 
303.20  less than 25 percent, in addition to any penalty imposed for the 
303.21  misdemeanor unlawful act shall apply to the registrar to 
303.22  increase the authorized gross weight to be carried on the 
303.23  vehicle to a weight equal to or greater than the gross weight 
303.24  the owner, driver, or user was convicted of carrying, the 
303.25  increase computed for the balance of the calendar year on the 
303.26  basis of 1/12 of the annual tax for each month remaining in the 
303.27  calendar year beginning with the first day of the month in which 
303.28  the violation occurred.  If the additional registration tax 
303.29  computed upon that weight, plus the tax already paid, amounts to 
303.30  more than the regular tax for the maximum gross weight permitted 
303.31  for the vehicle under section 169.825 169G.51, that additional 
303.32  amount shall nevertheless be paid into the highway fund, but the 
303.33  additional tax thus paid shall not permit the vehicle to be 
303.34  operated with a gross weight in excess of the maximum legal 
303.35  weight as provided by section 169.825 169G.51.  Unless the owner 
303.36  within 30 days after a conviction shall apply to increase the 
304.1   authorized weight and pay the additional tax as provided in this 
304.2   section, the registrar shall revoke the registration on the 
304.3   vehicle and demand the return of the registration card and 
304.4   plates issued on that registration. 
304.5      (2) The owner or driver or user of a motor vehicle, trailer 
304.6   or semitrailer upon conviction for transporting a gross weight 
304.7   in excess of the gross weight for which the motor vehicle, 
304.8   trailer or semitrailer was registered by 25 percent or more, or 
304.9   for operating or using a vehicle or trailer with an axle weight 
304.10  exceeding the maximum lawful axle load as provided in section 
304.11  169.825 169G.51 by 25 percent or more, in addition to any 
304.12  penalty imposed for the misdemeanor unlawful act, shall have the 
304.13  reciprocity privileges on the vehicle involved if the vehicle is 
304.14  being operated under reciprocity canceled by the registrar, or 
304.15  if the vehicle is not being operated under reciprocity, the 
304.16  certificate of registration on the vehicle operated shall be 
304.17  canceled by the registrar and the registrar shall demand the 
304.18  return of the registration certificate and registration plates.  
304.19  The registrar may not cancel the registration or reciprocity 
304.20  privileges for any vehicle found in violation of seasonal load 
304.21  restrictions imposed under section 169.87 169G.61 unless the 
304.22  axle weight exceeds the year-round weight limit for the highway 
304.23  on which the violation occurred.  The registrar may investigate 
304.24  any allegation of gross weight violations and demand that the 
304.25  operator show cause why all future operating privileges in the 
304.26  state should not be revoked unless the additional tax assessed 
304.27  is paid. 
304.28     (3) Clause (1) does not apply to the first haul of 
304.29  unprocessed or raw farm products or unfinished forest products, 
304.30  when the registered gross weight is not exceeded by more than 
304.31  ten percent.  For purposes of this clause, "first haul" means (i)
304.32  the first, continuous transportation of unprocessed or raw farm 
304.33  products from the place of production or on-farm storage site to 
304.34  any other location within 50 miles of the place of production or 
304.35  on-farm storage site, or (ii) the first, continuous 
304.36  transportation of unfinished forest products from the place of 
305.1   production to the place of first unloading. 
305.2      (4) When the registration on a motor vehicle, trailer or 
305.3   semitrailer is revoked by the registrar according to provisions 
305.4   of this section, the vehicle shall not be operated on the 
305.5   highways of the state until it is registered or reregistered, as 
305.6   the case may be, and new plates issued, and the registration fee 
305.7   shall be the annual tax for the total gross weight of the 
305.8   vehicle at the time of violation.  The reregistration pursuant 
305.9   to this subdivision of any vehicle operating under reciprocity 
305.10  agreements pursuant to section 168.181 or 168.187 shall be at 
305.11  the full annual registration fee without regard to the 
305.12  percentage of vehicle miles traveled in this state.  
305.13     Sec. 4.  [168.043] [FEES FROM SALE OF SPECIAL PLATES AFTER 
305.14  PLATE IMPOUNDMENT.] 
305.15     Fees collected from the sale of license plates under 
305.16  section 169N.21 (impounding license plates) and 169N.23 
305.17  (administrative impoundment of plates) must be paid into the 
305.18  state treasury and credited to the highway user tax distribution 
305.19  fund.  
305.20     Sec. 5.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.056, is 
305.21  amended to read: 
305.22     168.056 [VIOLATION A MISDEMEANOR APPLICABILITY.] 
305.23     Any person violating the provisions of sections 168.053 to 
305.24  168.055 shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.  The provisions of 
305.25  Sections 168.053 to 168.057 shall do not apply where such when a 
305.26  vehicle is being: 
305.27     (a) towed as a temporary movement for the purpose of making 
305.28  repairs, or for the purpose of pulling or towing such vehicle; 
305.29     (b) pulled or towed from one point to another point for the 
305.30  purpose of making repairs,; or on repossessed cars being 
305.31     (c) towed by an agent or employee of any person or bona 
305.32  fide finance company in the state where such when the towing is 
305.33  incidental to the repossession of such the vehicle.  
305.34     Sec. 6.  [168.085] [SEMITRAILER PLATE; TEMPORARY PERMIT FOR 
305.35  SPECIAL PLATE REPLACEMENT.] 
305.36     Subdivision 1.  [TEMPORARY PERMIT; SPECIAL PLATES.] (a) A 
306.1   vehicle that displays special plates issued under section 
306.2   168.021 (physically disabled person); 168.12, subdivision 2 
306.3   (amateur radio plates), 2a (personalized plates), 2b 
306.4   (firefighter plates), 2c (national guard plates), or 2d (ready 
306.5   reserve plates); 168.123 (veteran plates); 168.124 
306.6   (congressional medal of honor plates); 168.125 (POW plates); 
306.7   168.126 (commuter van plates); 168.128 (limousine plates); or 
306.8   168.129 (collegiate plates), may display a temporary permit in 
306.9   conjunction with expired registration if: 
306.10     (1) the current registration tax and all other fees have 
306.11  been paid in full; and 
306.12     (2) the plates require replacement under section 168.12, 
306.13  subdivision 1, paragraph (3). 
306.14     (b) The permit must be in a form prescribed by the 
306.15  commissioner.  The permit is valid only for the vehicle for 
306.16  which it was issued to allow a reasonable time for the new 
306.17  license plates to be manufactured and delivered to the applicant.
306.18     Subd. 2.  [SEMITRAILER.] On a semitrailer as defined in 
306.19  section 168.011, subdivision 14, a license plate must be 
306.20  assigned to the registered owner as identification for the 
306.21  vehicle and correlate with the certificate of title 
306.22  documentation on file with the department.  This plate does not 
306.23  display a year designator.  The registration card must designate 
306.24  the plate for the plate to be valid.  
306.25     Sec. 7.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.101, 
306.26  subdivision 2, is amended to read: 
306.27     Subd. 2.  [UNLAWFUL ACTS.] (a) Any person who knowingly 
306.28  sells or in any manner knowingly transfers title of a passenger 
306.29  automobile or truck to a person who is prohibited from owning a 
306.30  passenger automobile or truck under the provisions of 
306.31  subdivision 1 shall be guilty of a misdemeanor an unlawful act. 
306.32     (b) Any person who knowingly fails to mail in the 
306.33  application for registration or transfer to the registrar of 
306.34  motor vehicles or otherwise fails to submit said forms to the 
306.35  registrar within 14 days following date of sale shall be guilty 
306.36  of a misdemeanor an unlawful act.  
307.1      Sec. 8.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.101, 
307.2   subdivision 4, is amended to read: 
307.3      Subd. 4.  [DRIVER'S LICENSE SUSPENSION.] A person who 
307.4   violates the provisions of this section is guilty of a 
307.5   misdemeanor.  The commissioner of public safety shall suspend, 
307.6   for not less than one year, the drivers driver's license of a 
307.7   person who, while under the age of 18, misrepresents the 
307.8   person's age on the statement required by subdivision 3. 
307.9      Sec. 9.  [168.1015] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR OWNERSHIP BY 
307.10  MINOR VIOLATION.] 
307.11     Whoever violates section 168.101, subdivision 2, is guilty 
307.12  of a third degree misdemeanor. 
307.13     Sec. 10.  [168.135] [LICENSE PLATE OR LICENSE TABS RENEWAL; 
307.14  DELINQUENT TRAFFIC FINES.] 
307.15     Subdivision 1.  [DEFINITION OF TRAFFIC OFFENSE.] As used in 
307.16  this section, "traffic offense" means a violation of a law 
307.17  relating to the operation of a motor vehicle that is punishable 
307.18  as an infraction or as a misdemeanor. 
307.19     Subd. 2.  [APPLICATION; NOTICE.] (a) When a person applies 
307.20  for any motor vehicle license plates or license plate tabs, the 
307.21  commissioner or deputy registrar receiving the application shall 
307.22  search the computerized records system established under 
307.23  subdivision 3 to determine whether the vehicle has been involved 
307.24  in a traffic offense for which the records collected or 
307.25  information reported under section 169A.65 indicate a delinquent 
307.26  fine is owed.  The commissioner or deputy registrar shall base 
307.27  the determination of the existence of a delinquent fine upon a 
307.28  notation to that effect on the current notice of motor vehicle 
307.29  registration renewal sent to the owner of the vehicle or, if the 
307.30  applicant does not present the notice, upon the computerized 
307.31  records system established under subdivision 3.  If a delinquent 
307.32  fine is indicated, the commissioner or deputy registrar shall 
307.33  notify the applicant as to the court to which payment of the 
307.34  fine is due and the amount of each fine. 
307.35     (b) This section applies to an application subsequent to a 
307.36  transfer of ownership of the vehicle only if no sales tax was 
308.1   paid upon the transfer of ownership. 
308.2      Subd. 3.  [COMPUTERIZED RECORDS SYSTEM; ACCESS.] (a) The 
308.3   commissioner shall install, administer, and maintain in the 
308.4   department of public safety an efficient, computerized database 
308.5   records system dedicated solely as the repository for reports of 
308.6   delinquent traffic offense fines.  The commissioner shall 
308.7   provide and specify equipment and interconnection 
308.8   specifications, programming requirements, and training materials 
308.9   needed to provide courts and deputy registrars access to this 
308.10  system. 
308.11     (b) This system must be designed to allow each court to 
308.12  report and update by electronic communication directly with the 
308.13  system's computer database those delinquent fines that remain 
308.14  owing to the court.  The system must be designed to allow access 
308.15  by a deputy registrar to the system upon transmittal of the 
308.16  deputy registrar's access code as assigned by the commissioner. 
308.17     (c) On complying with these specifications, providing the 
308.18  requisite database-accessing equipment and programming, and 
308.19  providing the specified interconnection equipment, the 
308.20  commissioner shall allow each deputy registrar direct computer 
308.21  inquiry of this system.  The system must allow electronic and 
308.22  toll-free telephone access by deputy registrars as necessary to 
308.23  perform their responsibilities under subdivision 4.  The 
308.24  commissioner shall not assess a deputy registrar transaction or 
308.25  user costs, fees, or charges for inquiries required or necessary 
308.26  to discharge the duties of a deputy registrar under this section.
308.27     (d) Access must include the records required by this 
308.28  section and exclude only those records restricted by governing 
308.29  state or federal data privacy laws. 
308.30     (e) Before mailing a motor vehicle license plate or license 
308.31  plate tabs renewal notice to the vehicle's owner, the 
308.32  commissioner shall search the delinquent fine database to 
308.33  determine whether there are any delinquent fines on record.  The 
308.34  commissioner shall record any delinquent fines on the renewal 
308.35  notice. 
308.36     Subd. 4.  [DEPUTY REGISTRARS' RESPONSIBILITIES.] (a) On 
309.1   receiving an application for license plates or license plate 
309.2   tabs, the commissioner or a deputy registrar shall examine the 
309.3   motor vehicle license plate or license plate tabs renewal notice 
309.4   or access the computerized records system to discover whether 
309.5   the vehicle has been involved in a traffic offense for which a 
309.6   delinquent traffic fine is owed.  On gaining access to the 
309.7   system, the deputy registrar shall identify and communicate the 
309.8   license plate number for which the information is requested. 
309.9      (b) Neither the commissioner nor a deputy registrar may 
309.10  issue license plates or license plate tabs if the renewal notice 
309.11  or the response from the records system indicates that there is 
309.12  a delinquent fine arising from a traffic offense involving the 
309.13  vehicle for which the license plate was issued.  A deputy 
309.14  registrar may rely conclusively upon the renewal notice or the 
309.15  response of the records system to the inquiry. 
309.16     (c) An applicant may register the vehicle after paying or 
309.17  otherwise satisfactorily disposing of all delinquent fines as 
309.18  follows: 
309.19     (1) by reapplying after paying the outstanding fines to the 
309.20  appropriate courts and after each court's files of delinquent 
309.21  fines have been recorded and updated in the commissioner's 
309.22  computerized system; 
309.23     (2) by presenting court receipts or statements certifying 
309.24  that all delinquent fines have been paid or otherwise disposed 
309.25  of to the satisfaction of all applicable courts; or 
309.26     (3) by paying all outstanding delinquent fines, as recorded 
309.27  in the commissioner's computerized records system, by 
309.28  satisfactory payment to the deputy registrar, but only if the 
309.29  particular deputy registrar elects to provide this service.  A 
309.30  deputy registrar electing to accept payments for fines under 
309.31  this clause shall transmit all payments to the commissioner 
309.32  including all fees, other than the deputy registrar fees, 
309.33  collected as a result of the transaction.  The commissioner 
309.34  shall transmit the fines to the applicable courts on a monthly 
309.35  basis. 
309.36     (d) A deputy registrar may rely conclusively upon any 
310.1   receipt or certified statement issued under paragraph (c), 
310.2   clause (2), and purporting to be that of the court named in the 
310.3   receipt or statement that the fines owed to that court have been 
310.4   paid or otherwise satisfied. 
310.5      Subd. 5.  [IMPLEMENTATION; PHASE-IN; EFFECTIVE DATES; 
310.6   APPROPRIATION.] Implementation, phase-in, effective dates, and 
310.7   appropriation for subdivisions 1 to 4 are as provided in section 
310.8   169A.65, subdivision 6. 
310.9      Sec. 11.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.27, 
310.10  subdivision 12, is amended to read: 
310.11     Subd. 12.  [GROUNDS FOR SUSPENSION AND REVOCATION.] (a) The 
310.12  commissioner may suspend or revoke a license may be suspended or 
310.13  revoked by the registrar of motor vehicles upon proof 
310.14  satisfactory to the registrar commissioner of any of the 
310.15  following: 
310.16     (1) violations violation of any of the provisions provision 
310.17  of this chapter or chapter 168A (motor vehicle titles), 
310.18  297B (sales tax on motor vehicles), 325E (regulation of trade 
310.19  practices), or 325F (consumer protection); 
310.20     (2) violation of, or refusal to comply with, the requests 
310.21  and a request or order of the registrar commissioner; 
310.22     (3) failure to make, or provide to the registrar 
310.23  commissioner, all listings, notices, and reports required by the 
310.24  registrar commissioner; 
310.25     (4) failure to pay to the registrar commissioner all taxes, 
310.26  fees, and arrears due from and by such the dealer; 
310.27     (5) failure to duly apply for renewal of license provided 
310.28  for herein; 
310.29     (6) revocation of previous license, of which.  The 
310.30  commissioner's records of the registrar relating thereto shall 
310.31  be to the revocation of a previous license are prima facie 
310.32  evidence of such the previous revocation; 
310.33     (7) failure of continued occupancy of an established place 
310.34  of business; 
310.35     (8) sale of a new and unused current model motor vehicle 
310.36  other than the make of motor vehicle described in the franchise 
311.1   or contract filed with the original application or renewal 
311.2   thereof, without the commissioner's permission from the 
311.3   registrar; 
311.4      (9) sale of a new and unused current model motor vehicle to 
311.5   anyone except: 
311.6      (i) for consumer use,; or 
311.7      (ii) to a dealer duly licensed to sell the same make of 
311.8   motor vehicle; 
311.9      (10) material misstatement or misrepresentation in the 
311.10  application for license or renewal thereof; 
311.11     (11) having advertised, printed, displayed, published, 
311.12  distributed, broadcast, or televised or; having caused or 
311.13  permitted to be advertised, printed, displayed, published, 
311.14  distributed, broadcast, or televised in any manner whatsoever,; 
311.15  or having made orally any, a statement or representation with 
311.16  regard to the sale, lease, or financing of motor vehicles which 
311.17  that is false, deceptive, or misleading; 
311.18     (12) having been convicted of violating section 325F.69, or 
311.19  having been enjoined due to because of a violation of section 
311.20  325F.69 (consumer fraud); 
311.21     (13) having been convicted of violating the Minnesota 
311.22  odometer law, section sections 325E.14, 325E.15, or to 325E.16, 
311.23  or the federal odometer law, United States Code, title 15, 
311.24  sections 1981 to 1991, as amended through December 31, 1984; or 
311.25     (14) having been convicted of violating the sale of motor 
311.26  vehicles on Sunday law, section 168.275; or 
311.27     (15) having been convicted under section 609.53 609G.21 of 
311.28  receiving or selling possessing stolen vehicles. 
311.29     (b) With respect to clauses (12), (13), and (15) paragraph 
311.30  (a), clauses (12) to (14), the registrar commissioner may 
311.31  suspend or revoke a license immediately upon receiving 
311.32  certification of conviction or permanent injunction.  A hearing 
311.33  is required under subdivision 13 within 30 days following after 
311.34  a summary suspension or revocation under this paragraph, if the 
311.35  licensee requests a hearing is requested by the licensee. 
311.36     Sec. 12.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.27, 
312.1   subdivision 16, is amended to read: 
312.2      Subd. 16.  [PLATES:  DISTINGUISHING NUMBERS, FEES, TAXES, 
312.3   USES.] (a) The registrar shall issue to every motor vehicle 
312.4   dealer, Upon a request from the a motor vehicle dealer licensed 
312.5   as provided in under subdivision 2 or 3, the commissioner shall 
312.6   issue to the dealer one or more plates displaying a general 
312.7   distinguishing number.  This subdivision does not apply to a 
312.8   scrap metal processor, a used vehicle parts dealer, or a vehicle 
312.9   salvage pool.  The fee for each of the first four plates is $75 
312.10  per calendar year, of which $60 must be paid to the 
312.11  registrar commissioner and the remaining $15 is payable paid as 
312.12  sales tax on motor vehicles under section 297B.035.  For each 
312.13  additional plate, the dealer shall pay the registrar 
312.14  commissioner a fee of $25 and a sales tax on motor vehicles of 
312.15  $15 per calendar year.  The registrar commissioner shall deposit 
312.16  the tax in the state treasury and it shall be credited as 
312.17  provided in section 297B.09.  Motor vehicles, new or used, owned 
312.18  by the motor vehicle dealership and bearing the number plate, 
312.19  except vehicles leased to the user who is not an employee of the 
312.20  dealer during the term of the lease, held for hire, or 
312.21  customarily used by the dealer as a tow truck, service truck, or 
312.22  parts vehicle, may be driven upon the streets and highways of 
312.23  this state: 
312.24     (1) by the motor vehicle dealer or dealer's spouse, or any 
312.25  full-time employee of the motor vehicle dealer for either 
312.26  private or business purposes; 
312.27     (2) by a part-time employee when the use is directly 
312.28  related to a particular business transaction of the dealer; 
312.29     (3) for demonstration purposes by any prospective buyer 
312.30  thereof for a period of 48 hours or in the case of a truck, 
312.31  truck-tractor, or semitrailer, for a period of seven days; or 
312.32     (4) in a promotional event that lasts no longer than four 
312.33  days in which at least three motor vehicles are involved. 
312.34     (b) A new or used motor vehicle sold by the motor vehicle 
312.35  dealer and bearing the motor vehicle dealer's number plate may 
312.36  be driven upon the public streets and highways for a period of 
313.1   72 hours by the buyer for either of the following purposes: 
313.2      (1) removing the vehicle from this state for registration 
313.3   in another state, or 
313.4      (2) permitting the buyer to use the motor vehicle before 
313.5   the buyer receives number plates pursuant to registration.  Use 
313.6   of a motor vehicle by the buyer under the provisions of clause 
313.7   (2) of the preceding sentence before the buyer receives number 
313.8   plates pursuant to registration constitutes a use of the public 
313.9   streets or highways for the purpose of the time requirements for 
313.10  registration of motor vehicles. 
313.11     Sec. 13.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.27, 
313.12  subdivision 19, is amended to read: 
313.13     Subd. 19.  [VIOLATIONS.] Any It is unlawful for a person, 
313.14  copartnership, or corporation, domestic or foreign, and any an 
313.15  officer, or director, or employee of a corporation, domestic or 
313.16  foreign, who shall to violate or neglect, fail, or refuse to 
313.17  comply with any of the provisions provision of this section 
313.18  shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. 
313.19     Sec. 14.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.27, 
313.20  subdivision 23, is amended to read: 
313.21     Subd. 23.  [REGISTRAR MAY FILE CHARGES.] The registrar or 
313.22  the registrar's appointed inspectors may file charges with the 
313.23  county attorney against any licensee who violates any of the 
313.24  provisions of this section, including but not limited to, the 
313.25  grounds for suspension or revocation set out in subdivision 12.  
313.26  Any violation of this section is a misdemeanor an unlawful act. 
313.27     Sec. 15.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.271, is 
313.28  amended to read: 
313.29     168.271 [INFORMATIONAL LABELS LABEL ON PICKUP TRUCKS; 
313.30  PENALTY TRUCK.] 
313.31     Subdivision 1.  [LABEL REQUIREMENT.] Every (a) Except as 
313.32  provided in subdivision 2, a manufacturer of new trucks having a 
313.33  gross vehicle weight of 9,000 pounds or less which that are sold 
313.34  or offered for sale for use upon the public streets or highways 
313.35  within this state shall, prior to the delivery of the new truck 
313.36  to a Minnesota dealer, or at or prior to the introduction date 
314.1   of new models delivered to a Minnesota dealer prior to the 
314.2   introduction date, securely affix securely to the windshield or 
314.3   side window of the truck a label upon which the manufacturer 
314.4   shall endorse clearly, distinctly, and legibly true and correct 
314.5   entries disclosing information identical to and in the same 
314.6   manner as information required on new automobiles. 
314.7      (b) The label shall remain affixed to the truck until 
314.8   delivery of the truck to the ultimate purchaser buyer.  Any It 
314.9   is unlawful for a manufacturer who shall to willfully fail to 
314.10  affix a proper label required by this section or any for a 
314.11  person who shall to willfully remove, alter, or mutilate a label 
314.12  prior to delivery of the truck to the ultimate purchaser is 
314.13  guilty of a misdemeanor buyer. 
314.14     Subd. 2.  [EXCEPTION.] This section shall does not apply to 
314.15  trucks for which the annual sales in Minnesota of during the 
314.16  previous model year were less than 200. 
314.17     Subd. 2.  This section shall apply to new trucks having a 
314.18  gross vehicle weight of 9,000 pounds or less built after 
314.19  December 31, 1978. 
314.20     Sec. 16.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.275, is 
314.21  amended to read: 
314.22     168.275 [SALE OF MOTOR VEHICLES ON SUNDAY FORBIDDEN.] 
314.23     Any person who shall carry on or engage in the business of 
314.24  buying, selling, exchanging, dealing in, or trading in new or 
314.25  used motor vehicles; or who shall open any place of business or 
314.26  lot wherein the person attempts to or does engage in the 
314.27  business of buying, selling, exchanging, dealing in, or trading 
314.28  in new or used motor vehicles; or who does buy, sell, exchange, 
314.29  deal in, or trade in new or used motor vehicles as a business on 
314.30  the first day of the week, commonly known and designated as 
314.31  Sunday, is guilty of a misdemeanor for the first offense, and a 
314.32  gross misdemeanor for each succeeding offense.  Such a person 
314.33  upon conviction for the first offense shall pay a fine not to 
314.34  exceed $700 or be imprisoned for a period of not more than ten 
314.35  days; and for the second offense shall pay a fine not to exceed 
314.36  $3,000 or be imprisoned for a period of not more than 30 days or 
315.1   both; and for the third or each subsequent offense shall pay a 
315.2   fine of not more than $3,000 or be imprisoned for a period of 
315.3   not more than six months or both an unlawful act. 
315.4      Sec. 17.  [168.2755] [INFRACTION SALE OF MOTOR VEHICLE ON 
315.5   SUNDAY.] 
315.6      Whoever violates section 168.275 is guilty of an infraction.
315.7      Sec. 18.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.75, is 
315.8   amended to read: 
315.9      168.75 [VIOLATIONS.] 
315.10     Subdivision 1.  [UNLAWFUL ACT.] (a) Any person engaged It 
315.11  is unlawful for a person to engage in the business of a sales 
315.12  finance company in this state without a license therefor as 
315.13  provided in sections 168.66 to 168.77 shall be guilty of a gross 
315.14  misdemeanor and punished by a fine not exceeding $3,000, or by 
315.15  imprisonment for a period not to exceed one year, or by both 
315.16  such fine and imprisonment in the discretion of the court.  
315.17     Subd. 2.  [CIVIL RECOVERY FOR INTENTIONAL VIOLATION.] (b) 
315.18  In case of an intentional failure to comply with any provision 
315.19  of sections 168.66 to 168.77, the buyer shall have a right 
315.20  to may recover from the person committing such the 
315.21  violation, to or set off or counterclaim in any action by such 
315.22  the person to enforce such the contract, an amount as liquidated 
315.23  damages, equal to the whole of the contract due and payable, 
315.24  plus reasonable attorneys' fees.  
315.25     Subd. 3.  [CIVIL RECOVERY FOR OTHER VIOLATION.] (c) In case 
315.26  of a failure to comply with any provision of sections 168.66 to 
315.27  168.77, other than an intentional failure, the buyer shall have 
315.28  a right to may recover from the person committing such the 
315.29  violation, to or set off or counterclaim in any action by such 
315.30  the person to enforce such the contract, an amount as liquidated 
315.31  damages equal to three times the amount of any time price 
315.32  differential charged in excess of the amount authorized by 
315.33  sections 168.66 to 168.77 or $50, whichever is greater, plus 
315.34  reasonable attorneys' fees. 
315.35     Sec. 19.  [168.755] [FIRST DEGREE MISDEMEANOR UNLICENSED 
315.36  SALES FINANCE COMPANY.] 
316.1      Whoever violates section 168.75, subdivision 1, is guilty 
316.2   of a first degree misdemeanor. 
316.3      Sec. 20.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.837, is 
316.4   amended to read: 
316.5      168.837 [PENALTIES UNLAWFUL CONDUCT; REVOCATION OF 
316.6   LICENSE.] 
316.7      Subdivision 1.  [UNLAWFUL ACT.] A person who violates the 
316.8   provisions of sections 168.831 to 168.837 is guilty of a 
316.9   misdemeanor an unlawful act. 
316.10     Subd. 2.  [LICENSE REVOCATION.] The commissioner of public 
316.11  safety, after notice and a hearing, may revoke the license of a 
316.12  licensee who is convicted of violating any of the provisions of 
316.13  sections 168.831 to 168.837.  
316.14     Sec. 21.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168.846, is 
316.15  amended to read: 
316.16     168.846 [PENALTY RENTAL TRUCK OR TRAILER VIOLATION.] 
316.17     Subdivision 1.  [UNLAWFUL ACTS.] (a) It is unlawful for any 
316.18  person who shall to knowingly submit any false or incomplete 
316.19  information or report required by sections 168.841 to 168.846 or 
316.20  rule promulgated pursuant to sections 168.841 to 168.846 or who 
316.21  shall. 
316.22     (b) It is unlawful for any person, in any manner, to 
316.23  violate any provision of sections 168.841 to 168.846 shall be 
316.24  guilty of a misdemeanor. 
316.25     Subd. 2.  [SUSPENSION.] In addition, the registrar 
316.26  commissioner may exercise the powers provided by section 168.17 
316.27  (suspension).  
316.28     Sec. 22.  [168.847] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR RENTAL TRUCK 
316.29  OR TRAILER INFORMATION VIOLATION.] 
316.30     Whoever violates section 168.846, subdivision 1, paragraph 
316.31  (a), is guilty of a third degree misdemeanor.  
316.32                             ARTICLE 13 
316.33                        MOTOR VEHICLE TITLES 
316.34     Section 1.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 168A.30, is 
316.35  amended to read: 
316.36     168A.30 [VIOLATIONS AND PENALTIES.] 
317.1      Subdivision 1.  [FALSE INFORMATION IN APPLICATION OR 
317.2   SUPPORTING DOCUMENT.] A person who commits an unlawful act if 
317.3   the person with fraudulent intent: 
317.4      (a) uses a false or fictitious name or address, or makes a 
317.5   material false statement, or fails to disclose a security 
317.6   interest, or conceals any other material fact, in an application 
317.7   for a motor vehicle certificate of title; or 
317.8      (b) submits a false, forged, or fictitious document in 
317.9   support of an application for a certificate of title, shall be 
317.10  guilty of a felony and may be sentenced for a term of not more 
317.11  than four years, or to payment of a fine of not more than 
317.12  $10,000, or both.  
317.13     Subd. 2.  [WILLFUL OR FRAUDULENT ACTS; FAILURE TO NOTIFY.] 
317.14  A person is guilty of a misdemeanor who commits an unlawful act 
317.15  if the person: 
317.16     (1) (a) with fraudulent intent permits another, not 
317.17  entitled thereto, to use or have possession of a certificate of 
317.18  title; or 
317.19     (2) willfully fails to mail or deliver a certificate of 
317.20  title to the department within the time required by sections 
317.21  168A.01 to 168A.31; 
317.22     (3) willfully fails to deliver to the transferee a 
317.23  certificate of title within ten days after the time required by 
317.24  sections 168A.01 to 168A.31; 
317.25     (4) (b) commits a fraud in any application for a 
317.26  certificate of title;. 
317.27     (5) fails to notify the department of any fact as required 
317.28  by sections 168A.01 to 168A.31; or 
317.29     (6) willfully violates any other provision of sections 
317.30  168A.01 to 168A.31 except as otherwise provided in sections 
317.31  168A.01 to 168A.31. 
317.32     Subd. 3.  [WILLFUL ACTS; FAILURE TO NOTIFY.] A person 
317.33  commits an unlawful act if the person: 
317.34     (a) willfully fails to mail or deliver a certificate of 
317.35  title to the department within the time required by sections 
317.36  168A.01 to 168A.31; 
318.1      (b) willfully fails to deliver to the transferee a 
318.2   certificate of title within ten days after the time required by 
318.3   sections 168A.01 to 168A.31; 
318.4      (c) fails to notify the department of any fact as required 
318.5   by sections 168A.01 to 168A.31; or 
318.6      (d) willfully violates any other provision of sections 
318.7   168A.01 to 168A.31. 
318.8      Sec. 2.  [168A.303] [FELONY; FRAUDULENT APPLICATION FOR 
318.9   CERTIFICATE OF TITLE.] 
318.10     Whoever violates section 168A.30, subdivision 1, may be 
318.11  sentenced for a term of not more than four years, or to payment 
318.12  of a fine of not more than $8,000, or both. 
318.13     Sec. 3.  [168A.305] [SECOND DEGREE MISDEMEANOR; CERTIFICATE 
318.14  OF TITLE VIOLATION.] 
318.15     Whoever violates section 168A.30, subdivision 2, is guilty 
318.16  of a second degree misdemeanor. 
318.17     Sec. 4.  [168A.307] [THIRD DEGREE MISDEMEANOR; CERTIFICATE 
318.18  OF TITLE VIOLATION.] 
318.19     Whoever violates section 168A.30, subdivision 3, is guilty 
318.20  of a third degree misdemeanor.  
318.21                             ARTICLE 14 
318.22                      AMENDMENT TO CHAPTER 626 
318.23     Section 1.  [626.8456] [TRAINING IN USE OF FIRST AID 
318.24  EQUIPMENT.] 
318.25     Law enforcement officers operating patrol motor vehicles 
318.26  shall be trained in the use and application of first aid 
318.27  equipment required by section 169A.71, subdivision 8.  
318.28                             ARTICLE 15 
318.29           REVISOR INSTRUCTIONS; REPEALER; EFFECTIVE DATE 
318.30     Section 1.  Minnesota Statutes 1996, section 3C.10, 
318.31  subdivision 1, is amended to read: 
318.32     Subdivision 1.  [EDITORIAL POWERS FOR STATUTES.] The 
318.33  revisor's office, in preparing printer's copy for editions of 
318.34  statutes, may not alter the sense, meaning, or effect of any 
318.35  legislative act, but may:  
318.36     (a) renumber sections or subdivisions and parts of sections 
319.1   or subdivisions; 
319.2      (b) change the wording of headnotes; 
319.3      (c) rearrange sections or subdivisions; 
319.4      (d) combine sections or subdivisions into other sections or 
319.5   other subdivisions, or both; 
319.6      (e) divide sections or subdivisions into other sections or 
319.7   subdivisions so as to give to distinct subject matters a section 
319.8   or subdivision number; 
319.9      (f) substitute the proper section, chapter, or subdivision 
319.10  numbers for the terms "this act," "the preceding section," and 
319.11  the like; 
319.12     (g) substitute figures for written words and vice versa; 
319.13     (h) substitute the date on which the law becomes effective 
319.14  for the words "the effective date of this act," and the like; 
319.15     (i) change capitalization for the purpose of uniformity; 
319.16     (j) correct manifest clerical, typographical, grammatical, 
319.17  or punctuation errors; 
319.18     (k) correct words misspelled in enrollments; 
319.19     (l) change reference numbers to agree with renumbered 
319.20  chapters, sections, or subdivisions; 
319.21     (m) delete the phrases "Minnesota Statutes," "Minnesota 
319.22  Statutes 1980," and phrases identifying other editions of and 
319.23  supplements to Minnesota Statutes if the phrases are used in a 
319.24  reference to a statutory section; 
319.25     (n) replace gender specific words with gender neutral words 
319.26  and, if necessary, recast the sentences containing gender 
319.27  specific words; and 
319.28     (o) change words in parentheses after references to 
319.29  chapters, sections, subdivisions, or paragraphs in the criminal 
319.30  or vehicle code, or other chapters, to ensure that the text in 
319.31  parentheses describes the referenced sections, subdivisions, and 
319.32  paragraphs; and 
319.33     (p) make similar editorial changes to ensure the accuracy 
319.34  and utility of the publication. 
319.35     Sec. 2.  [REVISOR'S INSTRUCTIONS.] 
319.36     Subdivision 1.  [INTEGRATING AMENDMENTS INTO CRIMINAL OR 
320.1   VEHICLE CODE.] If the 1997 legislature enacts amendments to 
320.2   criminal or traffic law using coding made obsolete by articles 1 
320.3   to 11, the revisor of statutes shall proceed as follows: 
320.4      (a) The revisor shall integrate the amendments into 
320.5   Minnesota Statutes, chapters 169D to 169N, using, to the extent 
320.6   possible, the style, format, structure, and numbering scheme of 
320.7   articles 1 to 11 and appropriate penalty provisions. 
320.8      (b) Unless otherwise specified in articles 1 to 11: 
320.9      (1) if the amendment specifies gross misdemeanor 
320.10  punishment, the revisor shall include a gross misdemeanor 
320.11  penalty section; 
320.12     (2) if the amendment specifies misdemeanor punishment, the 
320.13  revisor shall include a second degree misdemeanor penalty 
320.14  section; and 
320.15     (3) if the law specifies petty misdemeanor punishment, the 
320.16  revisor shall include an infraction penalty section. 
320.17     (c) The revisor shall prepare for consideration by the 1998 
320.18  legislature a technical revisor's bill proposing appropriate 
320.19  penalty modifications for the amended provisions.  The revisor 
320.20  may consult with persons who served as members or staff of the 
320.21  nonfelony enforcement advisory committee. 
320.22     Subd. 2.  [CROSS-REFERENCES.] The revisor of statutes shall 
320.23  correct cross-references to provisions contained in articles 1 
320.24  to 11.  The revisor shall prepare a concordance chart to show 
320.25  the reorganization of law under articles 1 to 11 and publish the 
320.26  chart as a table in the next edition of Minnesota Statutes. 
320.27     Subd. 3.  [EXPLANATIONS FOR RECODIFIED PROVISIONS.] In the 
320.28  next and subsequent editions of Minnesota Statutes, the revisor 
320.29  of statutes shall print an explanation for each section repealed 
320.30  by articles 1 to 11.  The explanation must take substantially 
320.31  the form of the following example: 
320.32     169.... [Repealed, 1997 c ... s ...; amended and recodified 
320.33  as section 169C....]. 
320.34     Subd. 4.  [SUBSTITUTING INFRACTION FOR PETTY 
320.35  MISDEMEANOR.] In the next and subsequent editions of Minnesota 
320.36  Statutes, the revisor of statutes shall substitute the term 
321.1   "infraction" for the term "petty misdemeanor." 
321.2      Subd. 5.  [EVENTUAL SUBSTITUTION OF INFRACTION FOR 
321.3   MISDEMEANOR.] Unless otherwise specified in a law enacted after 
321.4   January 1, 1997, if a statute that is not included within the 
321.5   criminal code or the vehicle code creates a misdemeanor or 
321.6   provides for a sentence of incarceration for 90 days, with or 
321.7   without a fine, the revisor of statutes shall modify the statute 
321.8   in Minnesota Statutes 1998 and subsequent editions of Minnesota 
321.9   Statutes to specify that the violator is guilty of an infraction.
321.10     Subd. 6.  [EVENTUAL SUBSTITUTION OF FIRST DEGREE 
321.11  MISDEMEANOR FOR GROSS MISDEMEANOR.] Unless otherwise specified 
321.12  in a law enacted after January 1, 1997, if a statute that is not 
321.13  included within the criminal code or the vehicle code creates a 
321.14  gross misdemeanor or provides for a sentence of incarceration 
321.15  for one year, with or without a fine, the revisor of statutes 
321.16  shall modify the statute in Minnesota Statutes 1998 and 
321.17  subsequent editions of Minnesota Statutes to specify that the 
321.18  violator is guilty of a first degree misdemeanor. 
321.19     Sec. 3.  [REPEALER.] 
321.20     Minnesota Statutes 1996, sections 168.021, subdivisions 1a 
321.21  and 3; 168.041; 168.042; 168.055; 168.09; 168.10, subdivisions 
321.22  1e, 1f, 3, and 4; 168.35; 168.36; 168.81; 168.834; 168.835; 
321.23  169.02, subdivision 2; 169.041; 169.042; 169.045; 169.06; 
321.24  169.07; 169.072; 169.073; 169.08; 169.1216; 169.1217; 169.14; 
321.25  169.145; 169.15; 169.16; 169.17; 169.18; 169.19; 169.20; 
321.26  169.201; 169.202; 169.21; 169.215; 169.219; 169.22; 169.222; 
321.27  169.223; 169.25; 169.26; 169.28; 169.29; 169.30; 169.305; 
321.28  169.31; 169.315; 169.32; 169.33; 169.34; 169.342; 169.345; 
321.29  169.346; 169.35; 169.36; 169.37; 169.38; 169.39; 169.40; 169.41; 
321.30  169.42; 169.421; 169.43; 169.435; 169.441; 169.442; 169.443; 
321.31  169.444; 169.445; 169.446; 169.447; 169.448; 169.449; 169.4501; 
321.32  169.4502; 169.4503; 169.4504; 169.451; 169.4511; 169.452; 
321.33  169.454; 169.4581; 169.4582; 169.46; 169.467; 169.468; 169.469; 
321.34  169.47; 169.471; 169.48; 169.49; 169.50; 169.51; 169.52; 
321.35  169.522; 169.53; 169.541; 169.55; 169.56; 169.57; 169.58; 
321.36  169.59; 169.60; 169.61; 169.62; 169.63; 169.64; 169.65; 169.66; 
322.1   169.67; 169.68; 169.684; 169.685; 169.686; 169.69; 169.693; 
322.2   169.70; 169.71; 169.72; 169.721; 169.722; 169.723; 169.724; 
322.3   169.725; 169.726; 169.727; 169.73; 169.733; 169.734; 169.74; 
322.4   169.743; 169.75; 169.751; 169.752; 169.753; 169.754; 169.762; 
322.5   169.771; 169.78; 169.781; 169.782; 169.783; 169.79; 169.791; 
322.6   169.792; 169.793; 169.794; 169.795; 169.796; 169.797; 169.798; 
322.7   169.799; 169.7995; 169.80; 169.801; 169.81; 169.82; 169.825; 
322.8   169.832; 169.835; 169.84; 169.85; 169.851; 169.86; 169.862; 
322.9   169.863; 169.87; 169.871; 169.872; 169.88; 169.971; 169.972; 
322.10  169.973; and 169.974, are repealed. 
322.11     Sec. 4.  [EFFECTIVE DATE.] 
322.12     Articles 1 to 15 are effective January 1, 1998, and apply 
322.13  to crimes committed on or after that date.