1.1 	A bill for an act
1.2 	relating to judiciary; requiring human oversight in the creation of official verbatim 
1.3 	court records;proposing coding for new law in Minnesota Statutes, chapter 484.
1.4 	BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA:

1.5 	Section 1. [484.721] COURT RECORD; HUMAN OVERSIGHT.
1.6 		Subdivision 1.Definitions. (a) For purposes of this section, the following terms have 
1.7 	the meanings given.
1.8 	(b) "Artificial intelligence-based tool" means a system, algorithm, or software that uses 
1.9 	artificial intelligence, including machine learning, natural language processing, large language 
1.10 	models, language generation, or similar technologies to generate, analyze, or transcribe 
1.11 	audio, video, or text data for the purpose of creating an official verbatim court record.
1.12 	(c) "Court" means the supreme court and any district or appellate court in the state 
1.13 	required to maintain an official verbatim court record under Minnesota Statutes or court 
1.14 	rules.
1.15 	(d) "Official verbatim court record" means the official transcript or recording of court 
1.16 	proceedings, including hearings, trials, or other court proceedings, as required under 
1.17 	Minnesota Statutes, including but not limited to section 484.72, and court rules.
1.18 	(e) "Qualified court reporter" means a competent stenographer who meets the minimum 
1.19 	qualifications promulgated by the supreme court.
1.20 		Subd. 2.Requirement for human oversight. (a) The recommendations, predictions, 
1.21 	or outputs provided by an artificial intelligence-based tool must not be the sole basis for the 
1.22 	creation of an official verbatim court record.
2.1 	(b) An artificial intelligence-based tool used in the creation of an official verbatim court 
2.2 	record must have human oversight by a qualified court reporter. Human oversight includes:
2.3 	(1) real-time monitoring or post-process review of the artificial intelligence-generated 
2.4 	output, transcript, or recording to ensure accuracy and completeness;
2.5 	(2) verification that the output, transcript, or recording accurately reflects verbatim the 
2.6 	spoken words, context, and intent of the court proceedings; and
2.7 	(3) certification by the qualified court reporter that the official verbatim court record 
2.8 	complies with all applicable statutes, court rules, and standards of accuracy.
2.9 	(c) The supreme court must maintain or establish policies governing human oversight 
2.10 	by qualified court reporters over the creation of official verbatim court records using artificial 
2.11 	intelligence-based tools before using artificial intelligence-based tools to assist in the creation 
2.12 	of official verbatim court records.
2.13 	(d) In the event of a discrepancy between an artificial intelligence-generated output, 
2.14 	transcript, or recording and the human-verified official verbatim court record, the 
2.15 	human-verified record is the official court record.
2.16 		Subd. 3.Certification and documentation. (a) An official verbatim court record created 
2.17 	with the assistance of an artificial intelligence-based tool must include a certification by a 
2.18 	qualified court reporter attesting to the accuracy of the record, the performance of human 
2.19 	oversight, and the type and name of the artificial intelligence-based tool used.
2.20 	(b) The court must maintain documentation of the human oversight process, including 
2.21 	the identity of the individual providing oversight and the methods used to verify the accuracy 
2.22 	of the artificial intelligence-generated output, for a period consistent with record retention 
2.23 	policies under section 138.17, or as otherwise prescribed by court rules.
2.24 		Subd. 4.Exceptions. This section does not apply to unofficial recordings or transcripts 
2.25 	created for purposes other than the official verbatim court record if the recordings or 
2.26 	transcripts are clearly labeled as unofficial and are not submitted as part of the official court 
2.27 	record.

2.28 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective January 1, 2027, and applies to official 
2.29 	verbatim court records created on or after that date.