1.1 	A bill for an act
1.2 	relating to civil law; providing trusts for animal care; modifying certain probate 
1.3 	provisions; enacting the Revised Uniform Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets 
1.4 	Act; clarifying certain provisions for receiverships and assignments for the 
1.5 	benefit of creditors; providing for a short form of assignment for recording with 
1.6 	a deed to transfer real property; updating references throughout Minnesota 
1.7 	Statutes to include limited liability companies under the Minnesota Revised 
1.8 	Uniform Limited Liability Company Act; clarifying certain fees; making other 
1.9 	business organization clarifying changes;amending Minnesota Statutes 2014, 
1.10 	sections 5.001, subdivision 2; 5.25, subdivisions 1, 3; 115D.03, subdivision 
1.11 	6a; 116J.395, subdivision 3; 211B.15, subdivision 1; 216B.1612, subdivision 
1.12 	2; 302A.651, subdivision 4; 308B.005, subdivision 18; 319B.02, subdivisions 
1.13 	10, 12; 322C.0201, subdivision 4; 322C.0205, subdivision 1; 322C.0208; 
1.14 	322C.1011, subdivisions 1, 2; 484.73, subdivision 2; 524.1-201; 524.2-102; 
1.15 	524.2-202; 524.2-301; 524.2-403; 524.2-404; 524.2-606; 524.3-406; 524.3-1201; 
1.16 	524.3-1203, subdivision 5; 559.17, subdivision 2; 576.22; 576.29, subdivision 1; 
1.17 	576.30; 576.45, subdivision 3; 576.47; 577.12; 577.15; Minnesota Statutes 2015 
1.18 	Supplement, sections 5.25, subdivision 5; 124E.05, subdivision 1; 302A.471, 
1.19 	subdivision 1; 322C.0105, subdivision 1a; 322C.0407, subdivision 4; 322C.1007, 
1.20 	subdivision 1; 501C.0110; 501C.0402; 501C.0409; proposing coding for new 
1.21 	law in Minnesota Statutes, chapters 501C; 524; proposing coding for new law 
1.22 	as Minnesota Statutes, chapter 521A.
1.23 	BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA:

1.24 	ARTICLE 1
1.25 	TRUST CREATED FOR THE CARE OF ANIMALS

1.26 	Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 2015 Supplement, section 501C.0110, is amended to read:
1.27 	501C.0110 OTHERS TREATED AS QUALIFIED BENEFICIARIES.
1.28 	(a) Whenever notice to qualified beneficiaries of a trust is required under this 
1.29 	chapter, the trustee must also give notice to any other beneficiary who has sent the trustee 
1.30 	a request for notice.
2.1 	(b) A charitable organization expressly designated to receive distributions under 
2.2 	the terms of a charitable trust has the rights of a qualified beneficiary under this chapter 
2.3 	if the charitable organization, on the date the charitable organization's qualification is 
2.4 	being determined:
2.5 	(1) is a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal;
2.6 	(2) would be a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal 
2.7 	upon the termination of the interests of other distributees or permissible distributees then 
2.8 	receiving or eligible to receive distributions; or
2.9 	(3) would be a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal if 
2.10 	the trust terminated on that date.
2.11 	(c) A person appointed to enforce a trust created for the care of an animal or another 
2.12 	noncharitable purpose as provided in section 501C.0408 or 501C.0409 has the rights of a 
2.13 	qualified beneficiary under this chapter.
2.14 	(c)(d) The attorney general of this state has the rights of a qualified beneficiary with 
2.15 	respect to a charitable trust having its principal place of administration in this state.

2.16 	Sec. 2. Minnesota Statutes 2015 Supplement, section 501C.0402, is amended to read:
2.17 	501C.0402 REQUIREMENTS FOR CREATION.
2.18 	(a) A trust is created only if:
2.19 	(1) the settlor has capacity to transfer property free from trust, except that if a trust is 
2.20 	a revocable trust, the settlor has capacity as required under section 501C.0601;
2.21 	(2) the settlor indicates an intention to create the trust;
2.22 	(3) the trust has a definite beneficiary or is:
2.23 	(i) a charitable trust;
2.24 	(ii) trust for the care of an animal, as provided in section 501C.0408; or
2.25 	(ii) (iii) a trust for a noncharitable purpose, as provided in section 501C.0409; and
2.26 	(4) the trustee has duties to perform.
2.27 	(b) A beneficiary is definite if the beneficiary can be ascertained now or in the 
2.28 	future, subject to any applicable rule against perpetuities.
2.29 	(c) A power in a trustee to select a beneficiary from an indefinite class is valid. If 
2.30 	the power is not exercised within a reasonable time, the power fails and the property 
2.31 	subject to the power passes to the persons who would have taken the property if the power 
2.32 	had not been conferred.
2.33 	(d) No trust is invalid or terminated, and title to trust assets is not merged, because 
2.34 	the trustee or trustees are the same person or persons as the beneficiaries of the trust.
3.1 	(e) Passive trusts of real or personal property are abolished. An attempt to create a 
3.2 	passive trust vests the entire estate granted in the beneficiary.

3.3 	Sec. 3. [501C.0408] TRUST FOR CARE OF ANIMAL.
3.4 		Subdivision 1.Creation of an animal trust authorized; termination. A trust 
3.5 	may be created to provide for the care of an animal alive during the settlor's lifetime. 
3.6 	The trust terminates upon the death of the animal or, if the trust was created to provide 
3.7 	for the care of more than one animal alive during the settlor's lifetime, upon the death of 
3.8 	the last surviving animal. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the trust may not be enforced 
3.9 	for more than 90 years.
3.10 		Subd. 2.Enforcement of trust. A trust authorized by this section may be enforced 
3.11 	by a person appointed in the terms of the trust or, if no person is appointed, by a person 
3.12 	appointed by a court. A person having an interest in the welfare of the animal may request 
3.13 	the court to appoint a person to enforce the trust or to remove an appointed person.
3.14 		Subd. 3.Application of trust property. Property of a trust authorized by this 
3.15 	section may be applied only to the trust's intended use, except to the extent a court 
3.16 	determines that the value of the trust property exceeds the amount required for the 
3.17 	intended use. Upon termination of the trust, or if the court determines the trust has excess 
3.18 	funds, the trustee shall transfer the unexpended or excess trust property pursuant to the 
3.19 	terms of the trust instrument or, if there is no provision in the trust instrument, then the 
3.20 	trust passes to the settlor's heirs-at-law determined as if the settlor died intestate domiciled 
3.21 	in this state at the time of distribution.
3.22 		Subd. 4.Public health programs and trusts. An irrevocable inter vivos trust 
3.23 	created under this section is subject to section 501C.1206.

3.24 	Sec. 4. Minnesota Statutes 2015 Supplement, section 501C.0409, is amended to read:
3.25 	501C.0409 NONCHARITABLE TRUST WITHOUT ASCERTAINABLE 
3.26 	BENEFICIARY.
3.27 	Except as otherwise provided by law in section 501C.0408 or by another statute, 
3.28 	the following rules apply:
3.29 	(1) A trust may be created for a noncharitable purpose without a definite or definitely 
3.30 	ascertainable beneficiary or for a noncharitable but otherwise valid purpose to be selected 
3.31 	by the trustee. The trust may not be enforced for more than 21 years.
3.32 	(2) A trust authorized by this section may be enforced by a person appointed in the 
3.33 	terms of the trust or, if no person is so appointed, by a person appointed by the court.
4.1 	(3) Property of a trust authorized by this section may be applied only to its intended 
4.2 	use, except to the extent the court determines that the value of the trust property exceeds 
4.3 	the amount required for the intended use. Except as otherwise provided in the terms of 
4.4 	the trust, property not required for the intended use must be distributed to the settlor, if 
4.5 	then living, otherwise to the settlor's successors in interest.

4.6 	ARTICLE 2
4.7 	PROBATE PROVISIONS MODIFIED

4.8 	Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 484.73, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
4.9 		Subd. 2.Exclusions. Judicial arbitration may not be used to dispose of matters 
4.10 	relating to guardianship, conservatorship, or civil commitment, matters within the juvenile 
4.11 	court jurisdiction involving children in need of protection or services or delinquency, 
4.12 	matters involving termination of parental rights under sections 260C.301 to 260C.328, or 
4.13 	matters arising under sections 518B.01, 626.557, or 144.651 to 144.652.

4.14 	Sec. 2. [521A.01] SHORT TITLE.
4.15 	This chapter may be cited as the "Revised Uniform Fiduciary Access to Digital 
4.16 	Assets Act."

4.17 	Sec. 3. [521A.02] DEFINITIONS.
4.18 		Subdivision 1.Applicability. The definitions in this section apply to this chapter.
4.19 		Subd. 2.Account. "Account" means an arrangement under a terms-of-service 
4.20 	agreement in which a custodian carries, maintains, processes, receives, or stores a digital 
4.21 	asset of the user or provides goods or services to the user.
4.22 		Subd. 3.Agent. "Agent" means an attorney-in-fact granted authority under a 
4.23 	durable or nondurable power of attorney.
4.24 		Subd. 4.Carries. "Carries" means engages in the transmission of an electronic 
4.25 	communication.
4.26 		Subd. 5.Catalog of electronic communications. "Catalog of electronic 
4.27 	communications" means information that identifies each person with which a user has 
4.28 	had an electronic communication, the time and date of the communication, and the 
4.29 	electronic address of the person.
4.30 		Subd. 6.Conservator. "Conservator" means a person appointed by a court to 
4.31 	manage the estate of a living individual. The term includes a limited conservator, or 
4.32 	unlimited under section 524.5-401.
5.1 		Subd. 7.Content of an electronic communication. "Content of an electronic 
5.2 	communication" means information concerning the substance or meaning of the 
5.3 	communication that:
5.4 	(1) has been sent or received by a user;
5.5 	(2) is in electronic storage by a custodian providing an electronic communication 
5.6 	service to the public or is carried or maintained by a custodian providing a remote 
5.7 	computing service to the public; and
5.8 	(3) is not readily accessible to the public.
5.9 		Subd. 8.Court. "Court" has the meaning given in section 524.1-201, clause (9).
5.10 		Subd. 9.Custodian. "Custodian" means a person that carries, maintains, processes, 
5.11 	receives, or stores a digital asset of a user.
5.12 		Subd. 10.Designated recipient. "Designated recipient" means a person chosen by 
5.13 	a user using an online tool to administer digital assets of the user.
5.14 		Subd. 11.Digital asset. "Digital asset" means an electronic record in which an 
5.15 	individual has a right or interest. The term does not include an underlying asset or liability 
5.16 	unless the asset or liability is itself an electronic record.
5.17 		Subd. 12.Electronic. "Electronic" means relating to technology having electrical, 
5.18 	digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities.
5.19 		Subd. 13.Electronic communication. "Electronic communication" has the 
5.20 	meaning given in United States Code, title 18, section 2510(12), as amended.
5.21 		Subd. 14.Electronic communication service. "Electronic communication service" 
5.22 	means a custodian that provides to a user the ability to send or receive an electronic 
5.23 	communication.
5.24 		Subd. 15.Fiduciary. "Fiduciary" means an original, additional, or successor 
5.25 	personal representative, conservator, agent, or trustee.
5.26 		Subd. 16.Information. "Information" means data, text, images, videos, sounds, 
5.27 	codes, computer programs, software, databases, or similar material.
5.28 		Subd. 17.Online tool. "Online tool" means an electronic service provided by 
5.29 	a custodian that allows the user, in an agreement distinct from the terms-of-service 
5.30 	agreement between the custodian and user, to provide directions for disclosure or 
5.31 	nondisclosure of digital assets to a third person.
5.32 		Subd. 18.Person. "Person" means an individual, estate, business or nonprofit entity, 
5.33 	public corporation, government or governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, 
5.34 	or other legal entity.
5.35 		Subd. 19.Personal representative. "Personal representative" has the meaning 
5.36 	given in section 524.1-201.
6.1 		Subd. 20.Power of attorney. "Power of attorney" means a record that grants an 
6.2 	agent authority to act in the place of a principal, under chapter 523.
6.3 		Subd. 21.Principal. "Principal" means an individual who grants authority to an 
6.4 	agent in a power of attorney.
6.5 		Subd. 22.Protected person. "Protected person" means an individual for whom a 
6.6 	conservator has been appointed. The term includes an individual for whom an application 
6.7 	for the appointment of a conservator is pending.
6.8 		Subd. 23.Record. "Record" means information that is inscribed on a tangible 
6.9 	medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable 
6.10 	form.
6.11 		Subd. 24.Remote computing service. "Remote computing service" means a 
6.12 	custodian that provides to a user computer processing services or the storage of digital 
6.13 	assets by means of an electronic communications system, as defined in United States 
6.14 	Code, title 18, section 2510(14), as amended.
6.15 		Subd. 25.Terms-of-service agreement. "Terms-of-service agreement" means an 
6.16 	agreement that controls the relationship between a user and a custodian.
6.17 		Subd. 26.Trustee. "Trustee" means a fiduciary with legal title to property under an 
6.18 	agreement or declaration that creates a beneficial interest in another. The term includes 
6.19 	a successor trustee.
6.20 		Subd. 27.User. "User" means a person that has an account with a custodian.
6.21 		Subd. 28.Will. "Will" includes a codicil, testamentary instrument that only appoints 
6.22 	an executor, and an instrument that revokes or revises a testamentary instrument.

6.23 	Sec. 4. [521A.03] APPLICABILITY.
6.24 	(a) This chapter applies to:
6.25 	(1) a fiduciary acting under a will or power of attorney;
6.26 	(2) a personal representative acting for a decedent;
6.27 	(3) a conservatorship proceeding; and
6.28 	(4) a trustee acting under a trust.
6.29 	(b) This chapter applies to a custodian if the user resides in this state or resided in 
6.30 	this state at the time of the user's death.
6.31 	(c) This chapter does not apply to a digital asset of an employer used by an employee 
6.32 	in the ordinary course of the employer's business.

6.33 	Sec. 5. [521A.04] USER DIRECTION FOR DISCLOSURE OF DIGITAL 
6.34 	ASSETS.
7.1 	(a) A user may use an online tool to direct the custodian to disclose to a designated 
7.2 	recipient or not to disclose some or all of the user's digital assets, including the content 
7.3 	of electronic communications. If the online tool allows the user to modify or delete a 
7.4 	direction at all times, a direction regarding disclosure using an online tool overrides a 
7.5 	contrary direction by the user in a will, trust, power of attorney, or other record.
7.6 	(b) If a user has not used an online tool to give direction under paragraph (a) or if the 
7.7 	custodian has not provided an online tool, the user may allow or prohibit in a will, trust, 
7.8 	power of attorney, or other record disclosure to a fiduciary of some or all of the user's digital 
7.9 	assets, including the content of electronic communications sent or received by the user.
7.10 	(c) A user's direction under paragraph (a) or (b) overrides a contrary provision in a 
7.11 	terms-of-service agreement that does not require the user to act affirmatively and distinctly 
7.12 	from the user's assent to the terms of service.

7.13 	Sec. 6. [521A.05] TERMS-OF-SERVICE AGREEMENT.
7.14 	(a) This chapter does not change or impair a right of a custodian or a user under a 
7.15 	terms-of-service agreement to access and use digital assets of the user.
7.16 	(b) This chapter does not give a fiduciary or designated recipient any new or 
7.17 	expanded rights other than those held by the user for whom, or for whose estate, the 
7.18 	fiduciary or designated recipient acts or represents.
7.19 	(c) A fiduciary's or designated recipient's access to digital assets may be modified or 
7.20 	eliminated by a user, by federal law, or by a terms-of-service agreement if the user has not 
7.21 	provided direction under section 521A.04.

7.22 	Sec. 7. [521A.06] PROCEDURE FOR DISCLOSING DIGITAL ASSETS.
7.23 	(a) When disclosing digital assets of a user under this chapter, the custodian may, at 
7.24 	its sole discretion:
7.25 	(1) grant a fiduciary or designated recipient full access to the user's account;
7.26 	(2) grant a fiduciary or designated recipient partial access to the user's account 
7.27 	sufficient to perform the tasks with which the fiduciary or designated recipient is charged; or
7.28 	(3) provide a fiduciary or designated recipient a copy in a record of any digital asset 
7.29 	that, on the date the custodian received the request for disclosure, the user could have 
7.30 	accessed if the user were alive and had full capacity and access to the account.
7.31 	(b) A custodian may assess a reasonable administrative charge for the cost of 
7.32 	disclosing digital assets under this chapter.
7.33 	(c) A custodian need not disclose under this chapter a digital asset deleted by a user.
8.1 	(d) If a user directs or a fiduciary requests a custodian to disclose under this chapter 
8.2 	some, but not all, of the user's digital assets, the custodian need not disclose the assets if 
8.3 	segregation of the assets would impose an undue burden on the custodian. If the custodian 
8.4 	believes the direction or request imposes an undue burden, the custodian or fiduciary may 
8.5 	seek an order from the court to disclose:
8.6 	(1) a subset limited by date of the user's digital assets;
8.7 	(2) all of the user's digital assets to the fiduciary or designated recipient;
8.8 	(3) none of the user's digital assets; or
8.9 	(4) all of the user's digital assets to the court for review in chambers.

8.10 	Sec. 8. [521A.07] DISCLOSURE OF CONTENT OF ELECTRONIC 
8.11 	COMMUNICATIONS OF DECEASED USER.
8.12 	If a deceased user consented or a court directs disclosure of the content of an 
8.13 	electronic communication of the user, the custodian shall disclose to the personal 
8.14 	representative of the estate of the user the content of an electronic communication sent or 
8.15 	received by the user if the representative gives the custodian:
8.16 	(1) a written request for disclosure in physical or electronic form;
8.17 	(2) a certified copy of the death certificate of the user;
8.18 	(3) a certified copy of the letter of appointment of the representative, court order, or 
8.19 	Affidavit of Collection of Personal Property executed under section 524.3-1201; 
8.20 	(4) unless the user provided direction using an online tool, a copy of the user's will, 
8.21 	trust, power of attorney, or other record evidencing the user's consent to disclosure of the 
8.22 	content of electronic communications; and
8.23 	(5) if requested by the custodian:
8.24 	(i) a number, username, address, or other unique subscriber or account identifier 
8.25 	assigned by the custodian to identify the user's account;
8.26 	(ii) evidence linking the account to the user; or
8.27 	(iii) a finding by the court that:
8.28 	(A) the user had a specific account with the custodian, identifiable by the information 
8.29 	specified in item (i);
8.30 	(B) disclosure of the content of electronic communications of the user would not 
8.31 	violate United States Code, title 18, section 2701 et seq., as amended; United States Code, 
8.32 	title 47, section 222, as amended; or other applicable law;
8.33 	(C) unless the user provided direction using an online tool, the user consented to 
8.34 	disclosure of the content of electronic communications; or
9.1 	(D) disclosure of the content of electronic communications of the user is reasonably 
9.2 	necessary for administration of the estate.

9.3 	Sec. 9. [521A.08] DISCLOSURE OF OTHER DIGITAL ASSETS OF 
9.4 	DECEASED USER.
9.5 	Unless the user prohibited disclosure of digital assets or the court directs otherwise, 
9.6 	a custodian shall disclose to the personal representative of the estate of a deceased user a 
9.7 	catalog of electronic communications sent or received by the user and digital assets, 
9.8 	other than the content of electronic communications, of the user if the representative 
9.9 	gives the custodian:
9.10 	(1) a written request for disclosure in physical or electronic form;
9.11 	(2) a certified copy of the death certificate of the user;
9.12 	(3) a certified copy of the letter of appointment of the representative, court order, or 
9.13 	Affidavit of Collection of Personal Property executed under section 524.3-1201; and
9.14 	(4) if requested by the custodian:
9.15 	(i) a number, username, address, or other unique subscriber or account identifier 
9.16 	assigned by the custodian to identify the user's account;
9.17 	(ii) evidence linking the account to the user;
9.18 	(iii) an affidavit stating that disclosure of the user's digital assets is reasonably 
9.19 	necessary for administration of the estate; or 
9.20 	(iv) a finding by the court that:
9.21 	(A) the user had a specific account with the custodian, identifiable by the information 
9.22 	specified in item (i); or
9.23 	(B) disclosure of the user's digital assets is reasonably necessary for administration 
9.24 	of the estate.

9.25 	Sec. 10. [521A.09] DISCLOSURE OF CONTENT OF ELECTRONIC 
9.26 	COMMUNICATIONS OF PRINCIPAL.
9.27 	To the extent a power of attorney expressly grants an agent authority over the 
9.28 	content of electronic communications sent or received by the principal and unless directed 
9.29 	otherwise by the principal or the court, a custodian shall disclose to the agent the content 
9.30 	if the agent gives the custodian:
9.31 	(1) a written request for disclosure in physical or electronic form;
9.32 	(2) an original or copy of the power of attorney expressly granting the agent 
9.33 	authority over the content of electronic communications of the principal;
10.1 	(3) a certification by the agent, under penalty of perjury, that the power of attorney is 
10.2 	in effect; and
10.3 	(4) if requested by the custodian:
10.4 	(i) a number, username, address, or other unique subscriber or account identifier 
10.5 	assigned by the custodian to identify the principal's account; or
10.6 	(ii) evidence linking the account to the principal.

10.7 	Sec. 11. [521A.10] DISCLOSURE OF OTHER DIGITAL ASSETS OF 
10.8 	PRINCIPAL.
10.9 	Unless otherwise ordered by the court, directed by the principal, or provided by a 
10.10 	power of attorney, a custodian shall disclose to an agent with specific authority over 
10.11 	digital assets or general authority to act on behalf of a principal a catalog of electronic 
10.12 	communications sent or received by the principal and digital assets, other than the content 
10.13 	of electronic communications, of the principal if the agent gives the custodian:
10.14 	(1) a written request for disclosure in physical or electronic form;
10.15 	(2) an original or a copy of the power of attorney that gives the agent specific 
10.16 	authority over digital assets or general authority to act on behalf of the principal;
10.17 	(3) a certification by the agent, under penalty of perjury, that the power of attorney is 
10.18 	in effect; and
10.19 	(4) if requested by the custodian:
10.20 	(i) a number, username, address, or other unique subscriber or account identifier 
10.21 	assigned by the custodian to identify the principal's account; or
10.22 	(ii) evidence linking the account to the principal.

10.23 	Sec. 12. [521A.11] DISCLOSURE OF DIGITAL ASSETS HELD IN TRUST 
10.24 	WHEN TRUSTEE IS ORIGINAL USER.
10.25 	Unless otherwise ordered by the court or provided in a trust, a custodian shall 
10.26 	disclose to a trustee that is an original user of an account any digital asset of the account 
10.27 	held in trust, including a catalog of electronic communications of the trustee and the 
10.28 	content of electronic communications.

10.29 	Sec. 13. [521A.12] DISCLOSURE OF CONTENT OF ELECTRONIC 
10.30 	COMMUNICATIONS HELD IN TRUST WHEN TRUSTEE NOT ORIGINAL 
10.31 	USER.
10.32 	Unless otherwise ordered by the court, directed by the user, or provided in a trust, a 
10.33 	custodian shall disclose to a trustee that is not an original user of an account the content of 
11.1 	an electronic communication sent or received by an original or successor user and carried, 
11.2 	maintained, processed, received, or stored by the custodian in the account of the trust if 
11.3 	the trustee gives the custodian:
11.4 	(1) a written request for disclosure in physical or electronic form;
11.5 	(2) a certified copy of the trust instrument or a certification of the trust under section 
11.6 	501C.1013 that includes consent to disclosure of the content of electronic communications 
11.7 	to the trustee;
11.8 	(3) a certification by the trustee, under penalty of perjury, that the trust exists and the 
11.9 	trustee is a currently acting trustee of the trust; and
11.10 	(4) if requested by the custodian:
11.11 	(i) a number, username, address, or other unique subscriber or account identifier 
11.12 	assigned by the custodian to identify the trust's account; or
11.13 	(ii) evidence linking the account to the trust.

11.14 	Sec. 14. [521A.13] DISCLOSURE OF OTHER DIGITAL ASSETS HELD IN 
11.15 	TRUST WHEN TRUSTEE NOT ORIGINAL USER.
11.16 	Unless otherwise ordered by the court, directed by the user, or provided in a trust, a 
11.17 	custodian shall disclose to a trustee that is not an original user of an account a catalog of 
11.18 	electronic communications sent or received by an original or successor user and stored, 
11.19 	carried, or maintained by the custodian in an account of the trust and any digital assets, 
11.20 	other than the content of electronic communications, in which the trust has a right or 
11.21 	interest if the trustee gives the custodian:
11.22 	(1) a written request for disclosure in physical or electronic form;
11.23 	(2) a certified copy of the trust instrument or a certification of the trust under section 
11.24 	501C.1013;
11.25 	(3) a certification by the trustee, under penalty of perjury, that the trust exists and the 
11.26 	trustee is a currently acting trustee of the trust; and
11.27 	(4) if requested by the custodian:
11.28 	(i) a number, username, address, or other unique subscriber or account identifier 
11.29 	assigned by the custodian to identify the trust's account; or
11.30 	(ii) evidence linking the account to the trust.

11.31 	Sec. 15. [521A.14] DISCLOSURE OF DIGITAL ASSETS TO CONSERVATOR 
11.32 	OF PROTECTED PERSON.
11.33 	(a) After an opportunity for a hearing under chapter 524, the court may grant a 
11.34 	conservator access to the digital assets of a protected person.
12.1 	(b) Unless otherwise ordered by the court or directed by the user, a custodian shall 
12.2 	disclose to a conservator the catalog of electronic communications sent or received by a 
12.3 	protected person and any digital assets, other than the content of electronic communications, 
12.4 	in which the protected person has a right or interest if the conservator gives the custodian:
12.5 	(1) a written request for disclosure in physical or electronic form;
12.6 	(2) a certified copy of the court order that gives the conservator authority over the 
12.7 	digital assets of the protected person; and
12.8 	(3) if requested by the custodian:
12.9 	(i) a number, username, address, or other unique subscriber or account identifier 
12.10 	assigned by the custodian to identify the account of the protected person; or
12.11 	(ii) evidence linking the account to the protected person.
12.12 	(c) A conservator with general authority to manage the assets of a protected person 
12.13 	may request a custodian of the digital assets of the protected person to suspend or 
12.14 	terminate an account of the protected person for good cause.  A request made under this 
12.15 	section must be accompanied by a certified copy of the court order giving the conservator 
12.16 	authority over the protected person's property.

12.17 	Sec. 16. [521A.15] FIDUCIARY DUTY AND AUTHORITY.
12.18 	(a) The legal duties imposed on a fiduciary charged with managing tangible property 
12.19 	apply to the management of digital assets, including:
12.20 	(1) the duty of care;
12.21 	(2) the duty of loyalty; and
12.22 	(3) the duty of confidentiality.
12.23 	(b) A fiduciary's or designated recipient's authority with respect to a digital asset 
12.24 	of a user:
12.25 	(1) except as otherwise provided in section 521A.04, is subject to the applicable 
12.26 	terms of service;
12.27 	(2) is subject to other applicable law, including copyright law;
12.28 	(3) in the case of a fiduciary, is limited by the scope of the fiduciary's duties; and
12.29 	(4) may not be used to impersonate the user.
12.30 	(c) A fiduciary with authority over the property of a decedent, protected person, 
12.31 	principal, or settlor has the right to access any digital asset in which the decedent, 
12.32 	protected person, principal, or settlor had a right or interest and that is not held by a 
12.33 	custodian or subject to a terms-of-service agreement.
12.34 	(d) A fiduciary acting within the scope of the fiduciary's duties is an authorized user 
12.35 	of the property of the decedent, protected person, principal, or settlor for the purpose of 
13.1 	applicable computer fraud and unauthorized computer access laws, including section 
13.2 	609.891.
13.3 	(e) A fiduciary with authority over the tangible personal property of a decedent, 
13.4 	protected person, principal, or settlor:
13.5 	(1) has the right to access the property and any digital asset stored in it; and
13.6 	(2) is an authorized user for the purpose of computer fraud and unauthorized 
13.7 	computer access laws, including section 609.891.
13.8 	(f) A custodian may disclose information in an account to a fiduciary of the user 
13.9 	when the information is required to terminate an account used to access digital assets 
13.10 	licensed to the user.
13.11 	(g) A fiduciary of a user may request a custodian to terminate the user's account. 
13.12 	A request for termination must be in writing, in either physical or electronic form, and 
13.13 	accompanied by:
13.14 	(1) if the user is deceased, a certified copy of the death certificate of the user;
13.15 	(2) a certified copy of the letter of appointment of the representative or a small 
13.16 	estate affidavit or court order, court order, power of attorney, or trust giving the fiduciary 
13.17 	authority over the account; and
13.18 	(3) if requested by the custodian:
13.19 	(i) a number, username, address, or other unique subscriber or account identifier 
13.20 	assigned by the custodian to identify the user's account;
13.21 	(ii) evidence linking the account to the user; or
13.22 	(iii) a finding by the court that the user had a specific account with the custodian, 
13.23 	identifiable by the information specified in item (i).

13.24 	Sec. 17. [521A.16] CUSTODIAN COMPLIANCE AND IMMUNITY.
13.25 	(a) Not later than 60 days after receipt of the information required under sections 
13.26 	521A.07 to 521A.15, a custodian shall comply with a request under this chapter from a 
13.27 	fiduciary or designated recipient to disclose digital assets or terminate an account. If the 
13.28 	custodian fails to comply, the fiduciary or designated recipient may apply to the court for 
13.29 	an order directing compliance.
13.30 	(b) An order under paragraph (a) directing compliance must contain a finding that 
13.31 	compliance is not in violation of United States Code, title 18, section 2702, as amended.
13.32 	(c) A custodian may notify the user that a request for disclosure or to terminate 
13.33 	an account was made under this chapter.
14.1 	(d) A custodian may deny a request under this chapter from a fiduciary or designated 
14.2 	recipient for disclosure of digital assets or to terminate an account if the custodian is aware 
14.3 	of any lawful access to the account following the receipt of the fiduciary's request.
14.4 	(e) This chapter does not limit a custodian's ability to obtain or require a fiduciary or 
14.5 	designated recipient requesting disclosure or termination under this chapter to obtain a 
14.6 	court order which:
14.7 	(1) specifies that an account belongs to the protected person or principal;
14.8 	(2) specifies that there is sufficient consent from the protected person or principal 
14.9 	to support the requested disclosure; and
14.10 	(3) contains a finding required by law other than this chapter.
14.11 	(f) A custodian and its officers, employees, and agents are immune from liability for 
14.12 	an act or omission done in good faith in compliance with this chapter.

14.13 	Sec. 18. [521A.17] UNIFORMITY OF APPLICATION AND CONSTRUCTION.
14.14 	In applying and construing this chapter, consideration must be given to the need to 
14.15 	promote uniformity of the law with respect to its subject matter among states that enact it.

14.16 	Sec. 19. [521A.18] RELATION TO ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES IN GLOBAL 
14.17 	AND NATIONAL COMMERCE ACT.
14.18 	This chapter modifies, limits, or supersedes the Electronic Signatures in Global and 
14.19 	National Commerce Act, United States Code, title 15, section 7001 et seq., but does not 
14.20 	modify, limit, or supersede section 101(c) of that act, United States Code, title 15, section 
14.21 	7001(c), or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in section 103(b) 
14.22 	of that act, United States Code, title 15, section 7003(b).

14.23 	Sec. 20. [521A.19] SEVERABILITY.
14.24 	If any provision of this chapter or its application to any person or circumstance is 
14.25 	held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this chapter 
14.26 	which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the 
14.27 	provisions of this chapter are severable.

14.28 	Sec. 21. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.1-201, is amended to read:
14.29 	524.1-201 GENERAL DEFINITIONS.
14.30 	Subject to additional definitions contained in the subsequent articles which are 
14.31 	applicable to specific articles or parts, and unless the context otherwise requires, in 
14.32 	chapters 524 and 525:
15.1 	(1) "Adoptee" means an individual who is adopted.
15.2 	(2) "Application" means a written request to the registrar for an order of informal 
15.3 	probate or appointment under article III, part 3.
15.4 	(3) "Assisted reproduction" means a method of causing pregnancy other than sexual 
15.5 	intercourse.
15.6 	(4) "Beneficiary," as it relates to trust beneficiaries, includes a person who has any 
15.7 	present or future interest, vested or contingent, and also includes the owner of an interest 
15.8 	by assignment or other transfer and as it relates to a charitable trust, includes any person 
15.9 	entitled to enforce the trust.
15.10 	(5) "Birth mother" means a woman who gives birth to a child, including a woman 
15.11 	who is the child's genetic mother and including a woman who gives birth to a child of 
15.12 	assisted reproduction. "Birth mother" does not include a woman who gives birth pursuant 
15.13 	to a gestational agreement.
15.14 	(6) "Child" includes any individual entitled to take as a child under law by intestate 
15.15 	succession from the parent whose relationship is involved and excludes any person who is 
15.16 	only a stepchild, a foster child, a grandchild or any more remote descendant.
15.17 	(7) "Child of assisted reproduction" means a child conceived by means of assisted 
15.18 	reproduction by a woman other than a child conceived pursuant to a gestational agreement.
15.19 	(8) "Claims" includes liabilities of the decedent whether arising in contract or 
15.20 	otherwise and liabilities of the estate which arise after the death of the decedent including 
15.21 	funeral expenses and expenses of administration. The term does not include taxes, demands 
15.22 	or disputes regarding title of a decedent to specific assets alleged to be included in the 
15.23 	estate, tort claims, foreclosure of mechanic's liens, or to actions pursuant to section 573.02.
15.24 	(9) "Court" means the court or branch having jurisdiction in matters relating to the 
15.25 	affairs of decedents. This court in this state is known as the district court.
15.26 	(10) "Conservator" means a person who is appointed by a court to manage the 
15.27 	estate of a protected person.
15.28 	(11) "Descendant" of an individual means all of the individual's descendants of all 
15.29 	generations, with the relationship of parent and child at each generation being determined 
15.30 	by the definition of child and parent contained in this section.
15.31 	(12) "Devise," when used as a noun, means a testamentary disposition of real or 
15.32 	personal property and when used as a verb, means to dispose of real or personal property 
15.33 	by will.
15.34 	(13) "Devisee" means any person designated in a will to receive a devise. In the case 
15.35 	of a devise to an existing trust or trustee, or to a trustee on trust described by will, the trust 
15.36 	or trustee is the devisee and the beneficiaries are not devisees.
16.1 	(14) "Disability" means cause for appointment of a conservator as described in 
16.2 	section 524.5-401, or a protective order as described in section 524.5-412.
16.3 	(15) "Distributee" means any person who has received or who will receive property 
16.4 	of a decedent from the decedent's personal representative other than as a creditor or 
16.5 	purchaser. A testamentary trustee is a distributee with respect to property which the trustee 
16.6 	has received from a personal representative only to the extent of distributed assets or their 
16.7 	increment remaining in the trustee's hands. A beneficiary of a testamentary trust to whom 
16.8 	the trustee has distributed property received from a personal representative is a distributee 
16.9 	of the personal representative. For purposes of this provision, "testamentary trustee" 
16.10 	includes a trustee to whom assets are transferred by will, to the extent of the devised assets.
16.11 	(16) "Divorce" includes an annulment, dissolution, and declaration of invalidity of 
16.12 	marriage.
16.13 	(17) "Estate" includes all of the property of the decedent, trust, or other person 
16.14 	whose affairs are subject to this chapter as originally constituted and as it exists from 
16.15 	time to time during administration.
16.16 	(18) "Fiduciary" includes personal representative, guardian, conservator and trustee.
16.17 	(19) "Foreign personal representative" means a personal representative of another 
16.18 	jurisdiction.
16.19 	(20) "Formal proceedings" means those conducted before a judge with notice to 
16.20 	interested persons.
16.21 	(21) "Functioned as a parent of the child" means behaving toward a child in a manner 
16.22 	consistent with being the child's parent and performing functions that are customarily 
16.23 	performed by a parent, including fulfilling parental responsibilities toward the child, 
16.24 	recognizing or holding out the child as the individual's child, materially participating in 
16.25 	the child's upbringing, and residing with the child in the same household as a regular 
16.26 	member of that household.
16.27 	(22) "Genetic father" means the man whose sperm fertilized the egg of a child's 
16.28 	genetic mother. If the father-child relationship is established under the presumption 
16.29 	of paternity under chapter 257, "genetic father" means only the man for whom that 
16.30 	relationship is established.
16.31 	(23) "Genetic mother" means the woman whose egg was fertilized by the sperm 
16.32 	of a child's genetic father.
16.33 	(24) "Genetic parent" means a child's genetic father or genetic mother.
16.34 	(25) "Gestational agreement" means an agreement for assisted reproduction in which 
16.35 	a woman agrees to carry a child to birth for an intended parent or intended parents.
17.1 	(26) "Governing instrument" means a deed; will; trust; insurance or annuity policy; 
17.2 	account with POD designation; security registered in beneficiary form (TOD); transfer on 
17.3 	death (TOD) deed; pension, profit-sharing, retirement, or similar benefit plan; instrument 
17.4 	creating or exercising a power of appointment or a power of attorney; or a dispositive, 
17.5 	appointive, or nominative instrument of any similar type.
17.6 	(26) (27) "Guardian" means a person who has qualified as a guardian of a minor 
17.7 	or incapacitated person pursuant to testamentary or court appointment, but excludes one 
17.8 	who is merely a guardian ad litem.
17.9 	(27) (28) "Heirs" means those persons, including the surviving spouse, who are 
17.10 	entitled under the statutes of intestate succession to the property of a decedent.
17.11 	(28) (29) "Incapacitated person" is as described in section 524.5-102, subdivision 6, 
17.12 	other than a minor.
17.13 	(29) (30) "Incapacity" when used in sections 524.2-114 to 524.2-120 means the 
17.14 	inability of an individual to function as a parent of a child because of the individual's 
17.15 	physical or mental condition.
17.16 	(30) (31) "Informal proceedings" means those conducted by the judge, the registrar, 
17.17 	or the person or persons designated by the judge for probate of a will or appointment of a 
17.18 	personal representative in accordance with sections 524.3-301 to 524.3-311.
17.19 	(31) (32) "Intended parent" means an individual who entered into a gestational 
17.20 	agreement providing that the individual will be the parent of a child born to a woman by 
17.21 	means of assisted reproduction, including an individual who has a genetic relationship 
17.22 	with the child.
17.23 	(32) (33) "Interested person" includes heirs, devisees, children, spouses, creditors, 
17.24 	beneficiaries and any others having a property right in or claim against the estate of a 
17.25 	decedent, ward or protected person which may be affected by the proceeding. It also 
17.26 	includes persons having priority for appointment as personal representative, and other 
17.27 	fiduciaries representing interested persons. The meaning as it relates to particular persons 
17.28 	may vary from time to time and must be determined according to the particular purposes 
17.29 	of, and matter involved in, any proceeding.
17.30 	(33) (34) "Lease" includes an oil, gas, or other mineral lease.
17.31 	(34) (35) "Letters" includes letters testamentary, letters of guardianship, letters of 
17.32 	administration, and letters of conservatorship.
17.33 	(35) (36) "Mortgage" means any conveyance, agreement or arrangement in which 
17.34 	property is used as security.
17.35 	(36) (37) "Nonresident decedent" means a decedent who was domiciled in another 
17.36 	jurisdiction at the time of death.
18.1 	(37) (38) "Organization" includes a corporation, government or governmental 
18.2 	subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership or association, two or more 
18.3 	persons having a joint or common interest, or any other legal entity.
18.4 	(38) (39) "Person" means an individual, a corporation, an organization, or other 
18.5 	legal entity.
18.6 	(39) (40) "Personal representative" includes executor, administrator, successor 
18.7 	personal representative, special administrator, and persons who perform substantially the 
18.8 	same function under the law governing their status. "General personal representative" 
18.9 	excludes special administrator.
18.10 	(40) (41) "Petition" means a written request to the court for an order after notice.
18.11 	(41) (42) "Proceeding" includes action at law and suit in equity.
18.12 	(42) (43) "Property" includes both real and personal property or any interest therein 
18.13 	and means anything that may be the subject of ownership.
18.14 	(43) (44) "Protected person" is as described in section 524.5-102, subdivision 14.
18.15 	(44) (45) "Registrar" refers to the judge of the court or the person designated by the 
18.16 	court to perform the functions of registrar as provided in section 524.1-307.
18.17 	(45) (46) "Relative" means a grandparent or a descendant of a grandparent.
18.18 	(46) (47) "Security" includes any note, stock, treasury stock, bond, debenture, 
18.19 	evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in an oil, gas or mining 
18.20 	title or lease or in payments out of production under such a title or lease, collateral 
18.21 	trust certificate, transferable share, voting trust certificate or, in general, any interest or 
18.22 	instrument commonly known as a security, or any certificate of interest or participation, 
18.23 	any temporary or interim certificate, receipt or certificate of deposit for, or any warrant 
18.24 	or right to subscribe to or purchase, any of the foregoing.
18.25 	(47) (48) "Settlement," in reference to a decedent's estate, includes the full process 
18.26 	of administration, distribution and closing.
18.27 	(48) (49) "Special administrator" means a personal representative as described by 
18.28 	sections 524.3-614 to 524.3-618.
18.29 	(49) (50) "State" includes any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the 
18.30 	Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or possession subject to the legislative 
18.31 	authority of the United States.
18.32 	(50) (51) "Successor personal representative" means a personal representative, 
18.33 	other than a special administrator, who is appointed to succeed a previously appointed 
18.34 	personal representative.
18.35 	(51) (52) "Successors" means those persons, other than creditors, who are entitled to 
18.36 	property of a decedent under the decedent's will, this chapter or chapter 525. "Successors" 
19.1 	also means a funeral director or county government that provides the funeral and burial of 
19.2 	the decedent, or a state or county agency with a claim authorized under section 256B.15.
19.3 	(52) (53) "Supervised administration" refers to the proceedings described in sections 
19.4 	524.3-501 to 524.3-505.
19.5 	(53) (54) "Testacy proceeding" means a proceeding to establish a will or determine 
19.6 	intestacy.
19.7 	(54) (55) "Third-party donor" means an individual who produces eggs or sperm used 
19.8 	for assisted reproduction, whether or not for consideration. The term does not include:
19.9 	(i) a husband who provides sperm, or a wife who provides eggs, that are used for 
19.10 	assisted reproduction by the wife;
19.11 	(ii) the birth mother of a child of assisted reproduction; or
19.12 	(iii) a man who has been determined under section 524.2-120, subdivision 4 or 5, to 
19.13 	have a parent-child relationship with a child of assisted reproduction.
19.14 	(55) (56) "Trust" includes any express trust, private or charitable, with additions 
19.15 	thereto, wherever and however created. It also includes a trust created or determined 
19.16 	by judgment or decree under which the trust is to be administered in the manner of an 
19.17 	express trust. "Trust" excludes other constructive trusts, and it excludes resulting trusts, 
19.18 	conservatorships, personal representatives, trust accounts as defined in chapter 528, 
19.19 	custodial arrangements pursuant to sections 149A.97, 318.01 to 318.06, 527.21 to 527.44, 
19.20 	business trusts providing for certificates to be issued to beneficiaries, common trust funds, 
19.21 	voting trusts, security arrangements, liquidation trusts, and trusts for the primary purpose 
19.22 	of paying debts, dividends, interest, salaries, wages, profits, pensions, or employee benefits 
19.23 	of any kind, and any arrangement under which a person is nominee or escrowee for another.
19.24 	(56) (57) "Trustee" includes an original, additional, or successor trustee, whether 
19.25 	or not appointed or confirmed by court.
19.26 	(57) (58) "Ward" is as described in section 524.5-102, subdivision 17.
19.27 	(58) (59) "Will" includes codicil and any testamentary instrument which merely 
19.28 	appoints an executor or revokes or revises another will.

19.29 	Sec. 22. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.2-102, is amended to read:
19.30 	524.2-102 SHARE OF THE SPOUSE.
19.31 	The intestate share of a decedent's surviving spouse is:
19.32 	(1) the entire intestate estate if:
19.33 	(i) no descendant of the decedent survives the decedent; or
19.34 	(ii) all of the decedent's surviving descendants are also descendants of the surviving 
19.35 	spouse and there is no other descendant of the surviving spouse who survives the decedent;
20.1 	(2) the first $150,000 $225,000, plus one-half of any balance of the intestate estate, 
20.2 	if all of the decedent's surviving descendants are also descendants of the surviving 
20.3 	spouse and the surviving spouse has one or more surviving descendants who are not 
20.4 	descendants of the decedent, or if one or more of the decedent's surviving descendants are 
20.5 	not descendants of the surviving spouse.

20.6 	Sec. 23. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.2-202, is amended to read:
20.7 	524.2-202 ELECTIVE SHARE.
20.8 	(a) Elective share amount. The surviving spouse of a decedent who dies domiciled 
20.9 	in this state has a right of election, under the limitations and conditions stated in this part, 
20.10 	to take an elective-share amount equal to the value of the elective-share percentage of the 
20.11 	augmented estate, determined by the length of time the spouse and the decedent were 
20.12 	married to each other, in accordance with the following schedule:

20.13
20.14		If the decedent and the spouse were 
married to each other:
		The elective-share percentage is:
	
20.15		Less than one year
		Supplemental amount only
	
20.16		One year but less than two years
		Three percent of the augmented estate
	
20.17		Two years but less than three years
		Six percent of the augmented estate
	
20.18		Three years but less than four years
		Nine percent of the augmented estate
	
20.19		Four years but less than five years
		12 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.20		Five years but less than six years
		15 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.21		Six years but less than seven years
		18 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.22		Seven years but less than eight years
		21 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.23		Eight years but less than nine years
		24 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.24		Nine years but less than ten years
		27 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.25		Ten years but less than 11 years
		30 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.26		11 years but less than 12 years
		34 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.27		12 years but less than 13 years
		38 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.28		13 years but less than 14 years
		42 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.29		14 years but less than 15 years
		46 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.30		15 years or more
		50 percent of the augmented estate
	
20.31 	(b) Supplemental elective-share amount. If the sum of the amounts described in 
20.32 	sections 524.2-207, 524.2-209, paragraph (a), clause (1), and that part of the elective-share 
20.33 	amount payable from the decedent's probate estate and nonprobate transfers to others 
20.34 	under section 524.2-209, paragraphs (b) and (c), is less than $50,000 $75,000, the 
20.35 	surviving spouse is entitled to a supplemental elective-share amount equal to $50,000
20.36 	$75,000, minus the sum of the amounts described in those sections. The supplemental 
20.37 	elective-share amount is payable from the decedent's probate estate and from recipients of 
21.1 	the decedent's nonprobate transfers to others in the order of priority set forth in section 
21.2 	524.2-209, paragraphs (b) and (c).
21.3 	(c) Effect of election on statutory benefits. If the right of election is exercised by 
21.4 	or on behalf of the surviving spouse, the surviving spouse's homestead rights and other 
21.5 	allowances under sections 524.2-402, 524.2-403 and 524.2-404, if any, are not charged 
21.6 	against but are in addition to the elective-share and supplemental elective-share amounts.
21.7 	(d) Nondomiciliary. The right, if any, of the surviving spouse of a decedent who 
21.8 	dies domiciled outside this state to take an elective share in property in this state is 
21.9 	governed by the law of the decedent's domicile at death.

21.10 	Sec. 24. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.2-301, is amended to read:
21.11 	524.2-301 ENTITLEMENT OF SPOUSE; PREMARITAL WILL.
21.12 	(a) If a testator married after making a will and the spouse survives the testator, the 
21.13 	surviving spouse shall receive a share of the estate of the testator equal in value to that 
21.14 	which the surviving spouse would have received if the testator had died intestate, unless:
21.15 	(1) provision has been made for, or waived by, the spouse by prenuptial or 
21.16 	postnuptial agreement;
21.17 	(2) the will or other written evidence discloses an intention not to make provision 
21.18 	for the spouse; or
21.19 	(3) the spouse is provided for person, who was the surviving spouse at death, was 
21.20 	designated as a devisee, or is the beneficiary of a trust referenced, in the will.; or
21.21 	(4) the testator provided for the spouse by transfer outside the will and the intent 
21.22 	that the transfer be in lieu of a testamentary provision is shown by the testator's written 
21.23 	statements or may be reasonably inferred from the amount of the transfer or other evidence.
21.24 	(b) In satisfying the share provided by this section, devises made by the will other 
21.25 	than a devise to a child of the testator who was born before the testator married the 
21.26 	surviving spouse and who is not a child of the surviving spouse or a devise or substitute 
21.27 	gift under section 524.2-603 or 524.2-604 to a descendant of such a child, abate first as 
21.28 	otherwise provided in section 524.3-902.

21.29 	Sec. 25. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.2-403, is amended to read:
21.30 	524.2-403 EXEMPT PROPERTY.
21.31 	(a) If there is a surviving spouse, then, in addition to the homestead and family 
21.32 	allowance, the surviving spouse is entitled from the estate to:
22.1 	(1) property not exceeding $10,000 $15,000 in value in excess of any security 
22.2 	interests therein, in household furniture, furnishings, appliances, and personal effects, 
22.3 	subject to an award of sentimental value property under section 525.152; and
22.4 	(2) one automobile, if any, without regard to value.
22.5 	(b) If there is no surviving spouse, the decedent's children are entitled jointly to 
22.6 	the same property as provided in paragraph (a), except that where it appears from the 
22.7 	decedent's will a child was omitted intentionally, the child is not entitled to the rights 
22.8 	conferred by this section.
22.9 	(c) If encumbered chattels are selected and the value in excess of security interests, 
22.10 	plus that of other exempt property, is less than $10,000 $15,000, or if there is not $10,000 
22.11 	$15,000 worth of exempt property in the estate, the surviving spouse or children are 
22.12 	entitled to other personal property of the estate, if any, to the extent necessary to make up 
22.13 	the $10,000 $15,000 value.
22.14 	(d) Rights to exempt property and assets needed to make up a deficiency of exempt 
22.15 	property have priority over all claims against the estate, but the right to any assets to 
22.16 	make up a deficiency of exempt property abates as necessary to permit earlier payment 
22.17 	of the family allowance.
22.18 	(e) The rights granted by this section are in addition to any benefit or share passing 
22.19 	to the surviving spouse or children by the decedent's will, unless otherwise provided, by 
22.20 	intestate succession or by way of elective share.
22.21 	(f) No rights granted to a decedent's adult children under this section shall have 
22.22 	precedence over a claim under section 246.53, 256B.15, 256D.16, 261.04, or 524.3-805, 
22.23 	paragraph (a), clause (1), (2), or (3).

22.24 	Sec. 26. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.2-404, is amended to read:
22.25 	524.2-404 FAMILY ALLOWANCE.
22.26 	(a) In addition to the right to the homestead and exempt property, the decedent's 
22.27 	surviving spouse and minor children whom the decedent was obligated to support, and 
22.28 	children who were in fact being supported by the decedent, shall be allowed a reasonable 
22.29 	family allowance in money out of the estate for their maintenance as follows:
22.30 	(1) for one year if the estate is inadequate to discharge allowed claims; or
22.31 	(2) for 18 months if the estate is adequate to discharge allowed claims.
22.32 	(b) The amount of the family allowance may be determined by the personal 
22.33 	representative in an amount not to exceed $1,500 $2,300 per month.
22.34 	(c) The family allowance is payable to the surviving spouse, if living; otherwise to 
22.35 	the children, their guardian or conservator, or persons having their care and custody.
23.1 	(d) The family allowance is exempt from and has priority over all claims.
23.2 	(e) The family allowance is not chargeable against any benefit or share passing to 
23.3 	the surviving spouse or children by the will of the decedent unless otherwise provided, by 
23.4 	intestate succession or by way of elective share. The death of any person entitled to family 
23.5 	allowance does not terminate the right of that person to the allowance.
23.6 	(f) The personal representative or an interested person aggrieved by any 
23.7 	determination, payment, proposed payment, or failure to act under this section may 
23.8 	petition the court for appropriate relief, which may include a family allowance other than 
23.9 	that which the personal representative determined or could have determined.

23.10 	Sec. 27. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.2-606, is amended to read:
23.11 	524.2-606 NONADEMPTION OF SPECIFIC DEVISES; UNPAID PROCEEDS 
23.12 	OF SALE, CONDEMNATION, OR INSURANCE; SALE BY CONSERVATOR 
23.13 	OR GUARDIAN.
23.14 	(a) A specific devisee has a right to the specifically devised property in the testator's 
23.15 	estate at death and:
23.16 	(1) any balance of the purchase price, together with any security agreement, owing 
23.17 	from a purchaser to the testator at death by reason of sale of the property;
23.18 	(2) any amount of a condemnation award for the taking of the property unpaid 
23.19 	at death;
23.20 	(3) any proceeds unpaid at death on fire or casualty insurance on or other recovery 
23.21 	for injury to the property; and
23.22 	(4) property owned by the testator at death and acquired as a result of foreclosure, or 
23.23 	obtained in lieu of foreclosure, of the security interest for a specifically devised obligation.
23.24 	(b) If specifically devised property is sold or mortgaged by a conservator or 
23.25 	guardian or, by an agent acting within the authority of a durable power of attorney for 
23.26 	an incapacitated principal, or by the trustee of a revocable trust during the period of the 
23.27 	settlor's incapacity, or if a condemnation award, insurance proceeds, or recovery for injury 
23.28 	to the property are paid to a conservator or guardian or, to an agent acting within the 
23.29 	authority of a durable power of attorney for an incapacitated principal, or to the trustee of 
23.30 	a revocable trust during the period of the settlor's incapacity, the specific devisee has the 
23.31 	right to a general pecuniary devise equal to the net sale price, the amount of the unpaid 
23.32 	loan, the condemnation award, the insurance proceeds, or the recovery.
23.33 	(c) The right of a specific devisee under paragraph (b) is reduced by any right the 
23.34 	devisee has under paragraph (a).
24.1 	(d) For the purposes of the references in paragraph (b) to a conservator or guardian 
24.2 	or an agent acting within the authority of a durable power of attorney or a trustee of a 
24.3 	revocable trust during the period of the settlor's incapacity, paragraph (b) does not apply if 
24.4 	after the sale, mortgage, condemnation, casualty, or recovery;
24.5 	(1) in the case of a conservator or guardian, it was adjudicated that the testator's 
24.6 	incapacity ceased and the testator survived the adjudication by one year; or
24.7 	(2) in the case of an agent acting within the authority of a durable power of attorney, 
24.8 	the testator's incapacity ceased and the testator survived for one year after the incapacity 
24.9 	ceased.; or
24.10 	(3) in the case of a trustee, the settlor's incapacity ceased and the settlor survived 
24.11 	for one year after the incapacity ceased.
24.12 	(e) For the purposes of the references in paragraph (b) to the trustee of a revocable 
24.13 	trust during the period of the settlor's incapacity, paragraph (b) does not apply to a specific 
24.14 	devise contained in a will if:
24.15 	(1) the revocable trust provides for the transfer, devise, or distribution of all trust 
24.16 	assets held as of the death of the settlor to persons or entities other than the settlor's 
24.17 	estate; and
24.18 	(2) the initial transfer of devised property into the trust occurred prior to the settlor's 
24.19 	incapacity.
24.20 	(e) (f) For the purposes of the references in paragraph (b) to an agent acting within 
24.21 	the authority of a durable power of attorney for an incapacitated principal or the trustee of 
24.22 	a revocable trust during the period of the settlor's incapacity, (i) "incapacitated principal" 
24.23 	means a principal who is an incapacitated person as defined in section 524.5-102, 
24.24 	subdivision 6, and the "period of the settlor's incapacity" means a period when the settlor 
24.25 	of a revocable trust is an incapacitated person as defined by the trust instrument, or, if the 
24.26 	trust instrument is silent, as defined in section 524.5-102, subdivision 6, and (ii) a finding 
24.27 	of the principal's or settlor's incapacity need not occur during the principal's or settlor's life.

24.28 	Sec. 28. [524.2-805] REFORMATION TO CORRECT MISTAKES.
24.29 	The court may reform the terms of a governing instrument, even if unambiguous, 
24.30 	to conform the terms to the transferor's intention, if it is proved by clear and convincing 
24.31 	evidence what the transferor's intention was and that the terms of the governing instrument 
24.32 	were affected by a mistake of a fact or law, whether in expression or inducement.

24.33 	Sec. 29. [524.2-806] MODIFICATION TO ACHIEVE TRANSFEROR'S TAX 
24.34 	OBJECTIVES.
25.1 		Subdivision 1.Permitted purposes. In order to achieve tax objectives that are 
25.2 	clearly provided for in the transferor's will, the court may modify the terms of a governing 
25.3 	instrument, in a manner that is not contrary to the transferor's probable intention, to ensure 
25.4 	that the governing instrument correctly creates an interest:
25.5 	(1) in which a surviving spouse has a qualifying income interest with respect to 
25.6 	which an election has been or will be made in whole or in part under section 2056(b)(7), 
25.7 	2056A, or 2523(f) of the Internal Revenue Code;
25.8 	(2) which will qualify for the marital deduction under section 2056 or 2056A of the 
25.9 	Internal Revenue Code, by election or otherwise;
25.10 	(3) which will qualify for the charitable deduction under section 2055, 2522, or 
25.11 	642(c) of the Internal Revenue Code;
25.12 	(4) that is to be excepted, excluded, or exempt from or under chapter 13 (tax on 
25.13 	generation skipping transfers) of the Internal Revenue Code; or
25.14 	(5) in a trust that satisfies the criteria for qualified subchapter S trusts under section 
25.15 	1361(d) of the Internal Revenue Code.
25.16 		Subd. 2.May be retroactive. The court may provide that a modification under 
25.17 	this section has retroactive effect.

25.18 	Sec. 30. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.3-406, is amended to read:
25.19 	524.3-406 FORMAL TESTACY PROCEEDINGS; CONTESTED CASES; 
25.20 	TESTIMONY OF ATTESTING WITNESSES.
25.21 	(a) If evidence concerning execution of an attested will which is not self-proved is 
25.22 	necessary in contested cases, the testimony of at least one of the attesting witnesses, if 
25.23 	within the state competent and able to testify, is required. Due execution of a will may be 
25.24 	proved by other evidence, including an affidavit of an attesting witness. An attestation 
25.25 	clause that is signed by the attesting witnesses raises a rebuttable presumption that the 
25.26 	events recited in the clause occurred.
25.27 	(b) If the will is self-proved, compliance with signature requirements for execution 
25.28 	is conclusively presumed and other requirements of execution are presumed subject to 
25.29 	rebuttal without the testimony of any witness upon filing the will and the acknowledgment 
25.30 	and affidavits annexed or attached thereto, unless there is proof of fraud or forgery 
25.31 	affecting the acknowledgment or affidavit.

25.32 	Sec. 31. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.3-1201, is amended to read:
25.33 	524.3-1201 COLLECTION OF PERSONAL PROPERTY BY AFFIDAVIT.
26.1 	(a) Thirty days after the death of a decedent, (i) any person indebted to the 
26.2 	decedent, (ii) any person having possession of tangible personal property or an instrument 
26.3 	evidencing a debt, obligation, stock, or chose in action belonging to the decedent, or (iii) 
26.4 	any safe deposit company, as defined in section 55.01, controlling the right of access to 
26.5 	decedent's safe deposit box shall make payment of the indebtedness or deliver the tangible 
26.6 	personal property or an instrument evidencing a debt, obligation, stock, or chose in 
26.7 	action or deliver the entire contents of the safe deposit box to a person claiming to be the 
26.8 	successor of the decedent, or a state or county agency with a claim authorized by section 
26.9 	256B.15, upon being presented a certified death record of the decedent and an affidavit 
26.10 	made by or on behalf of the successor stating that:
26.11 	(1) the value of the entire probate estate, determined as of the date of death, 
26.12 	wherever located, including specifically any contents of a safe deposit box, less liens and 
26.13 	encumbrances, does not exceed $50,000 $75,000;
26.14 	(2) 30 days have elapsed since the death of the decedent or, in the event the property 
26.15 	to be delivered is the contents of a safe deposit box, 30 days have elapsed since the filing 
26.16 	of an inventory of the contents of the box pursuant to section 55.10, paragraph (h);
26.17 	(3) no application or petition for the appointment of a personal representative is 
26.18 	pending or has been granted in any jurisdiction;
26.19 	(4) if presented, by a state or county agency with a claim authorized by section 
26.20 	256B.15, to a financial institution with a multiple-party account in which the decedent 
26.21 	had an interest at the time of death, the amount of the affiant's claim and a good faith 
26.22 	estimate of the extent to which the decedent was the source of funds or beneficial owner 
26.23 	of the account; and
26.24 	(5) the claiming successor is entitled to payment or delivery of the property.
26.25 	(b) A transfer agent of any security shall change the registered ownership on 
26.26 	the books of a corporation from the decedent to the successor or successors upon the 
26.27 	presentation of an affidavit as provided in subsection (a).
26.28 	(c) The claiming successor or state or county agency shall disburse the proceeds 
26.29 	collected under this section to any person with a superior claim under section 524.2-403 
26.30 	or 524.3-805.
26.31 	(d) A motor vehicle registrar shall issue a new certificate of title in the name of the 
26.32 	successor upon the presentation of an affidavit as provided in subsection (a).
26.33 	(e) The person controlling access to decedent's safe deposit box need not open the 
26.34 	box or deliver the contents of the box if:
26.35 	(1) the person has received notice of a written or oral objection from any person or 
26.36 	has reason to believe that there would be an objection; or
27.1 	(2) the lessee's key or combination is not available.

27.2 	Sec. 32. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 524.3-1203, subdivision 5, is amended to 
27.3 	read:
27.4 		Subd. 5.Exhaustion of estate. In any summary, special, or other administration 
27.5 	in which it appears that the estate will not be exhausted in payment of the priority items 
27.6 	enumerated in subdivisions 1 to 4, the estate may nevertheless be summarily closed 
27.7 	without further notice, and the property assigned to the proper persons, if the gross probate 
27.8 	estate, exclusive of any exempt homestead as defined in section 524.2-402, and any 
27.9 	exempt property as defined in section 524.2-403, does not exceed the value of $100,000
27.10 	$150,000. If the closing and distribution of assets is made pursuant to the terms of a 
27.11 	will, no decree shall issue until a hearing has been held for formal probate of the will as 
27.12 	provided in sections 524.3-401 to 524.3-413.
27.13 	No summary closing of an estate shall be made to any distributee under this 
27.14 	subdivision, unless a showing is made by the personal representative or the petitioner, that 
27.15 	all property selected by and allowances to the spouse and children as provided in section 
27.16 	524.2-403 and the expenses and claims provided in section 524.3-805 have been paid, 
27.17 	and provided, further, that a bond shall be filed by the personal representative or the 
27.18 	petitioner, conditioned upon the fact that all such obligations have been paid and that all 
27.19 	the facts shown on the petition are true, with sufficient surety approved by the court in 
27.20 	an amount as may be fixed by the court to cover potential improper distributions. If a 
27.21 	personal representative is appointed, the representative's bond shall be sufficient for such 
27.22 	purpose unless an additional bond is ordered, and the sureties on the bond shall have the 
27.23 	same obligations and liabilities as provided for sureties on a distribution bond.
27.24 	In the event that an improper distribution or disbursement is made in a summary 
27.25 	closing, in that not all of said obligations have been paid or that other facts as shown by 
27.26 	the personal representative or the petitioner, are not true, resulting in damage to any 
27.27 	party, the court may vacate its summary decree or closing order, and the petitioner or 
27.28 	the personal representative, together with the surety, shall be liable for damages to any 
27.29 	party determined to be injured thereby as herein provided. The personal representative, 
27.30 	petitioner, or the surety, may seek reimbursement for damages so paid or incurred from 
27.31 	any distributee or recipient of assets under summary decree or order, who shall be required 
27.32 	to make a contribution to cover such damages upon a pro rata basis or as may be equitable 
27.33 	to the extent of assets so received. The court is hereby granted complete and plenary 
27.34 	jurisdiction of any and all such proceedings and may enter such orders and judgments as 
27.35 	may be required to effectuate the purposes of this subdivision.
28.1 	Any judgment rendered for damages or the recovery of assets in such proceedings 
28.2 	shall be upon petition and only after hearing held thereon on 14 days' notice of hearing and 
28.3 	a copy of petition served personally upon the personal representative and the surety and 
28.4 	upon any distributee or recipient of assets where applicable. Any action for the recovery 
28.5 	of money or damages under this subdivision is subject to the time and other limitations 
28.6 	imposed by section 524.1-304.

28.7 	Sec. 33. EFFECTIVE DATE.
 28.8 	Sections 2 to 20 apply to fiduciaries acting under a governing instrument executed 
28.9 	before, on, or after August 1, 2016.

28.10 	ARTICLE 3
28.11 	ASSIGNMENT AND RECEIVERSHIP PROVISIONS; SHORT 
28.12 	FORM OF ASSIGNMENT CREATED

28.13 	Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 559.17, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
28.14 		Subd. 2.Assignment; conditions. A mortgagor may assign, as additional security 
28.15 	for the debt secured by the mortgage, the rents and profits from the mortgaged real 
28.16 	property, if the mortgage:
28.17 	(1) was executed, modified or amended subsequent to August 1, 1977;
28.18 	(2) secured an original principal amount of $100,000 or more or is a lien upon 
28.19 	residential real estate containing more than four dwelling units; and
28.20 	(3) is not a lien upon property which was:
28.21 	(i) entirely homesteaded as agricultural property; or
28.22 	(ii) residential real estate containing four or fewer dwelling units where at least 
28.23 	one of the units is homesteaded. The assignment may be enforced, but only against the 
28.24 	nonhomestead portion of the mortgaged property, as follows:
28.25 	(a) if, by the terms of an assignment, a receiver is to be appointed upon the 
28.26 	occurrence of some specified event, and a showing is made that the event has occurred, 
28.27 	the court shall, without regard to waste, adequacy of the security, or solvency of the 
28.28 	mortgagor, appoint a receiver who shall, with respect to the excess cash remaining after 
28.29 	application as provided in section 576.25, subdivision 5, apply it as prescribed by the 
28.30 	assignment. If the assignment so provides, the receiver shall apply the excess cash in the 
28.31 	manner set out herein from the date of appointment through the entire redemption period 
28.32 	from any foreclosure sale. Subject to the terms of the assignment, the receiver shall have 
28.33 	the powers and duties as set forth in section 576.25, subdivision 5; or
29.1 	(b) if no provision is made for the appointment of a receiver in the assignment or if by 
29.2 	the terms of the assignment a receiver may be appointed, the assignment shall be binding 
29.3 	upon the assignor unless or until a receiver is appointed without regard to waste, adequacy 
29.4 	of the security or solvency of the mortgagor, but only in the event of default in the terms and 
29.5 	conditions of the mortgage, and only in the event the assignment requires the holder thereof 
29.6 	to first apply the rents and profits received as provided in section 576.25, subdivision 5, or, 
29.7 	as to an assignment executed prior to August 1, 2012, as provided in Minnesota Statutes 
29.8 	2010, section 576.01, subdivision 2, in which case the same shall operate against and be 
29.9 	binding upon the occupiers of the premises from the date of recording by the holder of the 
29.10 	assignment in the office of the county recorder or the office of the registrar of titles for the 
29.11 	county in which the property is located of a notice of default in the terms and conditions 
29.12 	of the mortgage and service of a copy of the notice upon the occupiers of the premises. 
29.13 	The holder of the assignment shall apply the rents and profits received in accordance with 
29.14 	the terms of the assignment, and, if the assignment so provides, for the entire redemption 
29.15 	period from any foreclosure sale. A holder of an assignment who enforces it in accordance 
29.16 	with this clause shall not be deemed to be a mortgagee in possession with attendant liability.
29.17 	Nothing contained herein shall prohibit the right to reinstate the mortgage 
29.18 	debt granted pursuant to section 580.30, nor the right to redeem granted pursuant to 
29.19 	sections 580.23 and 581.10, and any excess cash, as that term is used herein, collected 
29.20 	by the receiver under clause (a), or any rents and profits taken by the holder of the 
29.21 	assignment under clause (b), shall be credited to the amount required to be paid to effect 
29.22 	a reinstatement or redemption.

29.23 	Sec. 2. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 576.22, is amended to read:
29.24 	576.22 APPLICABILITY OF CHAPTER AND OF COMMON LAW.
29.25 	(a) This chapter applies to receiverships provided for in section 576.25, subdivisions 
29.26 	2 to 6, and to receiverships:
29.27 	(1) pursuant to section 193.147, in connection with a mortgage on an armory;
29.28 	(2) pursuant to section 223.17, subdivision 8, paragraph (b), in connection with 
29.29 	a defaulting grain buyer;
29.30 	(3) pursuant to section 232.22, subdivision 7, paragraph (c), in connection with a 
29.31 	defaulting public grain warehouse;
29.32 	(4) pursuant to section 296A.22, in connection with nonpayment of tax;
29.33 	(5) pursuant to section sections 302A.751,302A.753, 308A.941, 308A.945, 
29.34 	308B.931, 308B.935, 317A.751, 317A.753, or 322B.833, and322B.836, or in an action 
30.1 	relating to the dissolution of an a foreign entity and relating to, in like cases, with property 
30.2 	within the state of foreign entities;
30.3 	(6) pursuant to section 321.0703, in connection with the rights of a creditor of a 
30.4 	partner or transferee;
30.5 	(7) pursuant to section 322.22, in connection with the rights of creditors of limited 
30.6 	partners;
30.7 	(8) pursuant to section 323A.0504, in connection with a partner's transferable interest;
30.8 	(9) pursuant to section 453.55, in connection with bonds and notes;
30.9 	(10) pursuant to section 453A.05, in connection with bonds and notes;
30.10 	(11) pursuant to section 513.47, in connection with a proceeding for relief with 
30.11 	respect to a transfer fraudulent as to a creditor or creditors;
30.12 	(12) pursuant to section 514.06, in connection with the severance of a building 
30.13 	and resale;
30.14 	(13) pursuant to section 515.23, in connection with an action by a unit owners' 
30.15 	association to foreclose a lien for nonpayment of delinquent assessments against 
30.16 	condominium units;
30.17 	(14) pursuant to section 518A.71, in connection with the failure to pay, or to provide 
30.18 	security for, maintenance or support payments;
30.19 	(15) pursuant to section 559.17, in connection with assignments of rents; however, 
30.20 	any receiver appointed under section 559.17 shall be a limited receiver, and the court shall 
30.21 	apply the provisions of this chapter to the extent not inconsistent with section 559.17;
30.22 	(16) pursuant to section 571.84, in connection with a garnishee in possession of 
30.23 	property subject to a garnishment proceeding;
30.24 	(17) pursuant to section 575.05, in connection with property applied to judgment;
30.25 	(18) pursuant to section 575.06, in connection with adverse claimants;
30.26 	(19) pursuant to sections 582.05 to 582.10, in connection with mortgage 
30.27 	foreclosures; however, any receiver appointed under sections 582.05 to 582.10 shall be a 
30.28 	limited receiver, and the court shall apply the provisions of this chapter to the extent not 
30.29 	inconsistent with sections 582.05 to 582.10;
30.30 	(20) pursuant to section 609.904, in connection with criminal penalties; or
30.31 	(21) pursuant to section 609.907, in connection with preservation of property 
30.32 	subject to forfeiture.
30.33 	(b) This chapter does not apply to any receivership in which the receiver is a state 
30.34 	agency or in which the receiver is appointed, controlled, or regulated by a state agency 
30.35 	unless otherwise provided by law.
31.1 	(c) In receiverships not specifically referenced in paragraph (a) or (b), the court, in 
31.2 	its discretion, may apply provisions of this chapter to the extent not inconsistent with 
31.3 	the statutes establishing the receiverships.
31.4 	(d) Unless explicitly displaced by this chapter, the provisions of other statutory law 
31.5 	and the principles of common law remain in full force and effect and supplement the 
31.6 	provisions of this chapter.

31.7 	Sec. 3. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 576.29, subdivision 1, is amended to read:
31.8 		Subdivision 1.Powers. (a) A receiver, whether general or limited, shall have the 
31.9 	following powers in addition to those specifically conferred by this chapter or otherwise 
31.10 	by statute, rule, or order of the court:
31.11 	(1) the power to collect, control, manage, conserve, and protect receivership property;
31.12 	(2) the power to incur and pay expenses incidental to the receiver's exercise of the 
31.13 	powers or otherwise in the performance of the receiver's duties;
31.14 	(3) the power to assert rights, claims, causes of action, or defenses that relate to 
31.15 	receivership property; and
31.16 	(4) the power to seek and obtain instruction from the court with respect to any 
31.17 	matter relating to the receivership property, the exercise of the receiver's powers, or the 
31.18 	performance of the receiver's duties.
31.19 	(b) In addition to the powers provided in paragraph (a), a general receiver shall 
31.20 	have the power:
31.21 	(1) to (i) assert, or when authorized by the court, to release, any rights, claims, causes 
31.22 	of action, or defenses of the respondent to the extent any rights, claims, causes of action, 
31.23 	or defenses are receivership property; (ii) maintain in the receiver's name or in the name of 
31.24 	the respondent any action to enforce any right, claim, cause of action, or defense; and (iii) 
31.25 	intervene in actions in which the respondent is a party for the purpose of exercising the 
31.26 	powers under this clause or requesting transfer of venue of the action to the court;
31.27 	(2) to pursue any claim or remedy that may be asserted by a creditor of the 
31.28 	respondent under sections 513.41 to 513.51;
31.29 	(3) to compel any person, including the respondent, and any party, by subpoena 
31.30 	pursuant to Rule 45 of the Minnesota Rules of Civil Procedure, to give testimony or to 
31.31 	produce and permit inspection and copying of designated books, documents, electronically 
31.32 	stored information, or tangible things with respect to receivership property or any other 
31.33 	matter that may affect the administration of the receivership;
31.34 	(4) to operate any business constituting receivership property in the ordinary course 
31.35 	of the business, including the use, sale, using, selling, or lease ofleasing property of the 
32.1 	business or otherwise constituting receivership property, and the; incurring and payment 
32.2 	of expenses of the business or other receivership property; and hiring employees and 
32.3 	appointing officers to act on behalf of the business;
32.4 	(5) if authorized by an order of the court following notice and a hearing, to use, 
32.5 	improve, sell, or lease receivership property other than in the ordinary course of business; 
32.6 	and
32.7 	(6) if appointed pursuant to section 302A.753, 308A.945, 308B.935, 317A.753, or 
32.8 	322B.836, to exercise all of the powers and authority provided by the section or order of 
32.9 	the court.

32.10 	Sec. 4. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 576.30, is amended to read:
32.11 	576.30 RECEIVER AS LIEN CREDITOR; REAL ESTATEPROPERTY 
32.12 	RECORDING; SUBSEQUENT SALES OF REAL ESTATE PROPERTY.
32.13 		Subdivision 1.Receiver as lien creditor. As of the time of appointment, the 
32.14 	receiver shall have the powers and priority as if it were a creditor that obtained a judicial 
32.15 	lien at the time of appointment pursuant to sections 548.09 and 550.10 on all of the 
32.16 	receivership property, subject to satisfying the recording requirements as to real property 
32.17 	described in subdivision 2.
32.18 		Subd. 2.Real estate property recording. If any interest in real estate property is 
32.19 	included in the receivership property, a notice of lis pendens shall be recorded as soon as 
32.20 	practicable with the county recorder or registrar of titles, as appropriate, of the county 
32.21 	in which the real property is located. The priority of the receiver as lien creditor against 
32.22 	real property shall be from the time of recording of the notice of lis pendens, except as to 
32.23 	persons with actual or implied knowledge of the appointment under section 507.34.
32.24 		Subd. 3.Subsequent sales of real estate property. The following documents are 
32.25 	prima facie evidence of the authority to sell and convey the real property:
32.26 	(1) the notice of lis pendens,;
32.27 	(2) a court order authorizing the receiver to sell real property certified by the court 
32.28 	administrator, and a deed executed by the receiver recorded with the county recorder or 
32.29 	registrar of titles, as appropriate, of the county in which the real property is located, and 
32.30 	upon execution of the deed by the receiver shall be prima facie evidence of the authority 
32.31 	of authorizing the receiver to sell and convey, or cause the respondent to sell, real property 
32.32 	described in the deed.; and
32.33 	(3) a deed executed by the receiver, or by the respondent if authorized by the court.
32.34 	The court may also require a motion for an order for sale of the real property or a 
32.35 	motion for an order confirming sale of the real property.

33.1 	Sec. 5. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 576.45, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
33.2 		Subd. 3.Termination by receiver. For good cause, the court may authorize the 
33.3 	receiver to terminate an executory contract. The receiver's right to possess or use property 
33.4 	or receive services pursuant to the executory contract shall terminate at the termination of 
33.5 	the executory contract. Except as to the claim against the receivership under subdivision 1, 
33.6 	if a termination of an executory contract constitutes a breach of the executory contract, the 
33.7 	termination shall create a claim equal to the damages, if any, for a breach of the contract as 
33.8 	if the breach of contract had occurred immediately before the time of appointment. Any 
33.9 	claim arising under this section for termination of an executory contract shall be presented 
33.10 	or filed in the same manner as other claims in the receivership no later than the later of: 
33.11 	(1) the time set for filing of claims in the receivership; or (2) 28 days after the notice by 
33.12 	the receiver of the termination of the executory contract.

33.13 	Sec. 6. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 576.47, is amended to read:
33.14 	576.47 ABANDONMENT OF PROPERTY.
33.15 	The court may authorize the receiver to abandon to the respondent any receivership 
33.16 	property that is burdensome or is not of material value to the receivership. Property that is 
33.17 	abandoned is no longer receivership property.

33.18 	Sec. 7. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 577.12, is amended to read:
33.19 	577.12 REQUISITES.
33.20 	A person may execute a written assignment of property to one or more assignees for 
33.21 	the benefit of creditors in conformity with the provisions of this chapter. Every assignment 
33.22 	for the benefit of creditors subject to this chapter made by an assignor of the whole or any 
33.23 	part of the assignor's property, real or personal, for the benefit of creditors, shall be: (1) to 
33.24 	a resident of the state person eligible to be a receiver under section 576.26, in writing, 
33.25 	subscribed and acknowledged by the assignor, and (2) filed by the assignor or the assignee 
33.26 	with the court administrator of the district court of the county in which the assignor, or 
33.27 	one of the assignors if there is more than one, resides, or in which the principal place 
33.28 	of business of an assignor engaged in business is located. The district court shall have 
33.29 	supervision over the assignment property and of all proceedings under this chapter. The 
33.30 	assignee shall be deemed to have submitted to the jurisdiction of the district court.

34.1 	Sec. 8. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 577.15, is amended to read:
34.2 	577.15 ASSIGNEE AS LIEN CREDITOR; REAL ESTATEPROPERTY 
34.3 	RECORDING.
34.4 		Subdivision 1.Assignee as lien creditor. As of the filing of the assignment, the 
34.5 	assignee shall have the powers and priority of a creditor that obtained a judicial lien at 
34.6 	the time of assignment pursuant to sections 548.09 and 550.10 on all of the assignment 
34.7 	property subject to satisfying the recording requirements as to real property described in 
34.8 	subdivision 2.
34.9 		Subd. 2.Real estate property recording. If any interest in real estate property is 
34.10 	included in the assignment property, the assignment shall be effective as a deed, and. A 
34.11 	notice of a lis pendens shall be recorded as soon as practicable with the county recorder 
34.12 	or registrar of titles, as appropriate, of the county in which the real property is located. 
34.13 	The priority of the assignee as lien creditor against real property shall be from the time 
34.14 	of recording of the notice of lis pendens, except as to persons with actual or implied 
34.15 	knowledge of the assignment under section 507.34. A short form of the assignment 
34.16 	executed acknowledged by the assignor and certified by the court administrator assignee
34.17 	and a deed executed by the assignee shall be recorded with the county recorder or registrar 
34.18 	of titles, as appropriate, of the county in which the real property is located, and upon 
34.19 	execution of the deed by the assignee shall be prima facie evidence of the authority of 
34.20 	the assignee to convey the real property described in the assignment. The short form of 
34.21 	the assignment shall contain the following information:
34.22 	(1) the identity of the assignor and assignee;
34.23 	(2) the legal description of the real property;
34.24 	(3) the date of the assignment; and
34.25 	(4) a statement that the assignor has made an assignment under this chapter, and that 
34.26 	the assignment has been accepted by the assignee.

34.27 	ARTICLE 4
34.28 	UPDATES TO THE MINNESOTA REVISED UNIFORM LIMITED 
34.29 	LIABILITY COMPANY ACT

34.30 	Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 5.001, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
34.31 		Subd. 2.Business entity. "Business entity" means an organization that is formed 
34.32 	under chapter 300, 301, 302A, 303, 308, 308A, 308B, 315, 317, 317A, 319, 319A, 321, 
34.33 	322A, 322B, 322C, 323, or 323A and that has filed documents with the secretary of state.

34.34 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

35.1 	Sec. 2. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 5.25, subdivision 1, is amended to read:
35.2 		Subdivision 1.Who may be served. A process, notice, or demand required or 
35.3 	permitted by law to be served upon an entity governed by chapter 221, 302A, 303, 317A, 
35.4 	321, 322B, 322C, 323A, 330, 540, or 543 may be served on: (1) the registered agent, if 
35.5 	any; (2) if no agent has been appointed then on an officer, manager, or general partner 
35.6 	of the entity; or (3) if no agent, officer, manager, or general partner can be found at the 
35.7 	address on file with the secretary of state, the secretary of state as provided in this section.

35.8 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

35.9 	Sec. 3. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 5.25, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
35.10 		Subd. 3.Service on certain business entities; auctioneers. When service of 
35.11 	process is to be made on the secretary of state for entities governed by chapter 302A, 
35.12 	317A, 321, 322B, 322C, 323, 330, or 543, the procedure in this subdivision applies. 
35.13 	Service must be made by filing with the secretary of state one copy of the process, notice, 
35.14 	or demand along with payment of a $35 fee.

35.15 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

35.16 	Sec. 4. Minnesota Statutes 2015 Supplement, section 5.25, subdivision 5, is amended 
35.17 	to read:
35.18 		Subd. 5.Service on dissolved, withdrawn, or revoked business entity. (a) 
35.19 	Process, notice, or demand may be served on a dissolved, withdrawn, or revoked business 
35.20 	entity that was governed by chapter 302A, 303, 317A, 321, 322B, 322C, or 323A as 
35.21 	provided in this subdivision. The court shall determine if service is proper.
35.22 	(b) If a business entity has voluntarily dissolved or has withdrawn its request for 
35.23 	authority to transact business in this state, or a court has entered a decree of dissolution or 
35.24 	revocation of authority to do business, service must be made according to subdivision 3 
35.25 	or 4, so long as claims are not barred under the provisions of the chapter that governed 
35.26 	the business entity.
35.27 	(c) If a business entity has been involuntarily dissolved or its authority to transact 
35.28 	business in this state has been revoked, service must be made according to subdivision 3 
35.29 	or 4.

35.30 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

35.31 	Sec. 5. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 115D.03, subdivision 6a, is amended to read:
36.1 		Subd. 6a.Officer of the company. "Officer of the company" means one of the 
36.2 	following:
36.3 	(1) an owner or sole proprietor;
36.4 	(2) a partner;
36.5 	(3) for a corporation incorporated under chapter 300, the president, secretary, 
36.6 	treasurer, or other officer as provided for in the corporation's bylaws or certificate of 
36.7 	incorporation;
36.8 	(4) for a corporation incorporated under chapter 302A, an individual exercising 
36.9 	the functions of the chief executive officer or the chief financial officer under section 
36.10 	302A.305 or another officer elected or appointed by the directors of the corporation under 
36.11 	section 302A.311;
36.12 	(5) for a corporation incorporated outside this state, an officer of the company as 
36.13 	defined by the laws of the state in which the corporation is incorporated; or
36.14 	(6) for a limited liability company organized under chapter 322B, the chief manager 
36.15 	or treasurer.; or
36.16 	(7) for a limited liability company organized under chapter 322C, a member of a 
36.17 	member-managed company, a manager of a manager-managed company, or any other 
36.18 	officer provided for in the limited liability company's operating agreement.

36.19 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

36.20 	Sec. 6. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 116J.395, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
36.21 		Subd. 3.Eligible applicants. Eligible applicants for grants awarded under this 
36.22 	section include:
36.23 	(1) an incorporated business or a partnership;
36.24 	(2) a political subdivision;
36.25 	(3) an Indian tribe;
36.26 	(4) a Minnesota nonprofit organization organized under chapter 317A;
36.27 	(5) a Minnesota cooperative association organized under chapter 308A or 308B; and
36.28 	(6) a Minnesota limited liability corporation organized under chapter 322B or 322C 
36.29 	for the purpose of expanding broadband access.

36.30 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

36.31 	Sec. 7. Minnesota Statutes 2015 Supplement, section 124E.05, subdivision 1, is 
36.32 	amended to read:
37.1 		Subdivision 1.Eligible authorizers. The following organizations may authorize 
37.2 	one or more charter schools:
37.3 	(1) a school board, intermediate school district school board, or education district 
37.4 	organized under sections 123A.15 to 123A.19;
37.5 	(2) a charitable organization under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code 
37.6 	of 1986, excluding a nonpublic sectarian or religious institution; any person other than a 
37.7 	natural person that directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, 
37.8 	is controlled by, or is under common control with the nonpublic sectarian or religious 
37.9 	institution; and any other charitable organization under this clause that in the federal IRS 
37.10 	Form 1023, Part IV, describes activities indicating a religious purpose, that:
37.11 	(i) is a member of the Minnesota Council of Nonprofits or the Minnesota Council on 
37.12 	Foundations;
37.13 	(ii) is registered with the attorney general's office; and
37.14 	(iii) is incorporated in the state of Minnesota and has been operating continuously 
37.15 	for at least five years but does not operate a charter school;
37.16 	(3) a Minnesota private college, notwithstanding clause (2), that grants two- or 
37.17 	four-year degrees and is registered with the Minnesota Office of Higher Education under 
37.18 	chapter 136A; community college, state university, or technical college governed by the 
37.19 	Board of Trustees of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities; or the University 
37.20 	of Minnesota;
37.21 	(4) a nonprofit corporation subject to chapter 317A, described in section 317A.905, 
37.22 	and exempt from federal income tax under section 501(c)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code 
37.23 	of 1986, may authorize one or more charter schools if the charter school has operated 
37.24 	for at least three years under a different authorizer and if the nonprofit corporation has 
37.25 	existed for at least 25 years; or
37.26 	(5) single-purpose authorizers formed as charitable, nonsectarian organizations 
37.27 	under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and incorporated in the state 
37.28 	of Minnesota under chapter 317A as a corporation with no members or under section 
37.29 	322B.975or 322C.1101 as a nonprofit limited liability company for the sole purpose of 
37.30 	chartering schools.

37.31 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

37.32 	Sec. 8. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 211B.15, subdivision 1, is amended to read:
37.33 		Subdivision 1.Definitions. For purposes of this section, "corporation" means:
37.34 	(1) a corporation organized for profit that does business in this state;
37.35 	(2) a nonprofit corporation that carries out activities in this state; or
38.1 	(3) a limited liability company formed under chapter 322B or 322C, or under similar 
38.2 	laws of another state, that does business in this state.

38.3 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

38.4 	Sec. 9. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 216B.1612, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
38.5 		Subd. 2.Definitions. (a) The terms used in this section have the meanings given 
38.6 	them in this subdivision.
38.7 	(b) "C-BED tariff" or "tariff" means a community-based energy development tariff.
38.8 	(c) "Qualifying beneficiary" means:
38.9 	(1) a Minnesota resident individually or as a member of a Minnesota limited 
38.10 	liability company organized under chapter 322B or 322C and formed for the purpose 
38.11 	of developing a C-BED project;
38.12 	(2) a Minnesota nonprofit organization organized under chapter 317A;
38.13 	(3) a Minnesota cooperative association organized under chapter 308A or 308B, 
38.14 	including a rural electric cooperative association or a generation and transmission 
38.15 	cooperative on behalf of and at the request of a member distribution utility;
38.16 	(4) a Minnesota political subdivision or local government including, but not limited 
38.17 	to, a municipal electric utility, or a municipal power agency on behalf of and at the request 
38.18 	of a member distribution utility; the office of the commissioner of Iron Range resources 
38.19 	and rehabilitation; a county, statutory or home rule charter city, town, school district, or 
38.20 	public or private higher education institution; or any other local or regional governmental 
38.21 	organization such as a board, commission, or association;
38.22 	(5) a tribal council; or
38.23 	(6) a legal entity (i) formed for a purpose other than to participate in C-BED 
38.24 	projects; (ii) whose principal place of business or principal executive office is located 
38.25 	in Minnesota; and (iii) that provides labor, services, equipment, components, or debt 
38.26 	financing to a C-BED project.
38.27 	A public utility, as defined in section 216B.02, subdivision 4, is not a qualifying beneficiary.
38.28 	(d) "Qualifying revenue" includes, but is not limited to:
38.29 	(1) royalties, distributions, dividends, and other payments flowing directly or 
38.30 	indirectly to individuals who are qualifying beneficiaries;
38.31 	(2) reasonable fees for consulting, development, professional, construction, and 
38.32 	operations and maintenance services paid to qualifying beneficiaries;
38.33 	(3) interest and fees paid to financial institutions that are qualifying beneficiaries;
38.34 	(4) the value-added portion of payments for goods manufactured in Minnesota; and
39.1 	(5) production taxes.
39.2 	(e) "Discount rate" means the ten-year United States Treasury Yield as quoted in 
39.3 	the Wall Street Journal as of the date of application for determination under subdivision 
39.4 	10, plus five percent; except that the discount rate applicable to any qualifying revenues 
39.5 	contingent upon an equity investor earning a specified internal rate of return is the ten-year 
39.6 	United States Treasury Yield, plus eight percent.
39.7 	(f) "Standard reliability criteria" means:
39.8 	(1) can be safely integrated into and operated within the utility's grid without causing 
39.9 	any adverse or unsafe consequences; and
39.10 	(2) is consistent with the utility's resource needs as identified in its most recent 
39.11 	resource plan submitted under section 216B.2422.
39.12 	(g) "Renewable" refers to a technology listed in section 216B.1691, subdivision 1, 
39.13 	paragraph (a).
39.14 	(h) "Community-based energy development project" or "C-BED project" means a 
39.15 	new renewable energy project that either as a stand-alone project or part of a partnership 
39.16 	under subdivision 8:
39.17 	(1) has no single qualifying beneficiary, including any parent company or subsidiary 
39.18 	of the qualifying beneficiary, owning more than 15 percent of a C-BED wind energy 
39.19 	project unless: (i) the C-BED wind energy project consists of only one or two turbines; or 
39.20 	(ii) the qualifying beneficiary is a public entity listed under paragraph (c), clause (4);
39.21 	(2) demonstrates that at least 51 percent of the net present value of the gross revenues 
39.22 	from a power purchase agreement over the life of the project are qualifying revenues; and
39.23 	(3) has a resolution of support adopted by the county board of each county in which 
39.24 	the project is to be located, or in the case of a project located within the boundaries of a 
39.25 	reservation, the tribal council for that reservation.
39.26 	(i) "Value-added portion" means the difference between the total sales price and the 
39.27 	total cost of components, materials, and services purchased from or provided outside 
39.28 	of Minnesota.

39.29 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

39.30 	Sec. 10. Minnesota Statutes 2015 Supplement, section 302A.471, subdivision 1, 
39.31 	is amended to read:
39.32 		Subdivision 1.Actions creating rights. A shareholder of a corporation may dissent 
39.33 	from, and obtain payment for the fair value of the shareholder's shares in the event of, any 
39.34 	of the following corporate actions:
40.1 	(a) unless otherwise provided in the articles, an amendment of the articles that 
40.2 	materially and adversely affects the rights or preferences of the shares of the dissenting 
40.3 	shareholder in that it:
40.4 	(1) alters or abolishes a preferential right of the shares;
40.5 	(2) creates, alters, or abolishes a right in respect of the redemption of the shares, 
40.6 	including a provision respecting a sinking fund for the redemption or repurchase of the 
40.7 	shares;
40.8 	(3) alters or abolishes a preemptive right of the holder of the shares to acquire shares, 
40.9 	securities other than shares, or rights to purchase shares or securities other than shares;
40.10 	(4) excludes or limits the right of a shareholder to vote on a matter, or to cumulate 
40.11 	votes, except as the right may be excluded or limited through the authorization or issuance 
40.12 	of securities of an existing or new class or series with similar or different voting rights; 
40.13 	except that an amendment to the articles of an issuing public corporation that provides that 
40.14 	section 302A.671 does not apply to a control share acquisition does not give rise to the 
40.15 	right to obtain payment under this section; or
40.16 	(5) eliminates the right to obtain payment under this subdivision;
40.17 	(b) a sale, lease, transfer, or other disposition of property and assets of the 
40.18 	corporation that requires shareholder approval under section 302A.661, subdivision 2, but 
40.19 	not including a disposition in dissolution described in section 302A.725, subdivision 2, or a 
40.20 	disposition pursuant to an order of a court, or a disposition for cash on terms requiring that 
40.21 	all or substantially all of the net proceeds of disposition be distributed to the shareholders 
40.22 	in accordance with their respective interests within one year after the date of disposition;
40.23 	(c) a plan of merger, whether under this chapter or under chapter 322B or 322C, to 
40.24 	which the corporation is a constituent organization, except as provided in subdivision 3, 
40.25 	and except for a plan of merger adopted under section 302A.626;
40.26 	(d) a plan of exchange, whether under this chapter or under chapter 322B or 322C, 
40.27 	to which the corporation is a party as the corporation whose shares will be acquired by the 
40.28 	acquiring organization, except as provided in subdivision 3;
40.29 	(e) a plan of conversion is adopted by the corporation and becomes effective;
40.30 	(f) an amendment of the articles in connection with a combination of a class or series 
40.31 	under section 302A.402 that reduces the number of shares of the class or series owned by 
40.32 	the shareholder to a fraction of a share if the corporation exercises its right to repurchase 
40.33 	the fractional share so created under section 302A.423; or
40.34 	(g) any other corporate action taken pursuant to a shareholder vote with respect to 
40.35 	which the articles, the bylaws, or a resolution approved by the board directs that dissenting 
40.36 	shareholders may obtain payment for their shares.

41.1 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

41.2 	Sec. 11. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 302A.651, subdivision 4, is amended to read:
41.3 		Subd. 4.Foreign surviving organization. If the surviving organization in a merger 
41.4 	will be a foreign corporation or limited liability company and will transact business in 
41.5 	this state, it shall comply with the provisions of chapter 303 with respect to foreign 
41.6 	corporations or chapter 322B 322C with respect to foreign limited liability companies. In 
41.7 	every case the surviving organization shall file with the secretary of state:
41.8 	(a) an agreement that it may be served with process in this state in a proceeding for 
41.9 	the enforcement of an obligation of a constituent organization and in a proceeding for the 
41.10 	enforcement of the rights of a dissenting shareholder of a constituent corporation against 
41.11 	the surviving organization;
41.12 	(b) an irrevocable appointment of the secretary of state as its agent to accept service 
41.13 	of process in any proceeding as provided in section 5.25, and an address to which process 
41.14 	may be forwarded; and
41.15 	(c) an agreement that it will promptly pay to the dissenting shareholders of each 
41.16 	domestic constituent corporation the amount, if any, to which they are entitled under 
41.17 	section 302A.473.

41.18 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

41.19 	Sec. 12. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 308B.005, subdivision 18, is amended to read:
41.20 		Subd. 18.Minnesota limited liability company. "Minnesota limited liability 
41.21 	company" means a limited liability company governed by chapter 322B or 322C.

41.22 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

41.23 	Sec. 13. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 319B.02, subdivision 10, is amended to read:
41.24 		Subd. 10.Minnesota firm. "Minnesota firm" includes a corporation organized 
41.25 	under chapter 302A or 317A, limited liability company organized under chapter 322B
41.26 	or 322C, and limited liability partnership that has an effective statement of qualification 
41.27 	under section 323A.1001.

41.28 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

41.29 	Sec. 14. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 319B.02, subdivision 12, is amended to read:
41.30 		Subd. 12.Organizational document. "Organizational document" means:
42.1 	(1) with respect to a corporation organized under chapter 302A or 317A, that 
42.2 	corporation's articles of incorporation;
42.3 	(2) with respect to a limited liability company organized under chapter 322B or 
42.4 	322C, that limited liability company's articles of organization; and
42.5 	(3) with respect to a limited liability partnership that has an effective statement of 
42.6 	qualification under section 323A.1001, that statement of qualification.

42.7 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

42.8 	Sec. 15. Minnesota Statutes 2015 Supplement, section 322C.0105, subdivision 1a, 
42.9 	is amended to read:
42.10 		Subd. 1a.Loans, guarantees, and suretyship. Without in any way limiting 
42.11 	the generality of the power of a limited liability company to do all things necessary or 
42.12 	convenient to carry on its activities as conferred in subdivision 1, a limited liability 
42.13 	company may lend money to, guarantee an obligation of, become a surety for, or otherwise 
42.14 	financially assist a person, if the transaction, or a class of transactions to which the 
42.15 	transaction belongs, is approved pursuant to this chapter and the company's operating 
42.16 	agreement and:
42.17 	(1) is in the usual and regular course of business of the limited liability company;
42.18 	(2) is with, or for the benefit of, a related organization, an organization in which the 
42.19 	limited liability company has a financial interest, an organization with which the limited 
42.20 	liability company has a business relationship, or an organization to which the limited 
42.21 	liability company has the power to make donations, any of which relationships constitute 
42.22 	consideration sufficient to make the loan, guarantee, suretyship, or other financial 
42.23 	assistance so approved enforceable against the limited liability company;
42.24 	(3) is with, or for the benefit of, a member who provides services to the limited 
42.25 	liability company, or a manager or other employee of the limited liability company or a 
42.26 	subsidiary, including a member, manager, or employee who is a governor of the limited 
42.27 	liability company or a subsidiary, and may reasonably be expected, in the judgment of the 
42.28 	board of governors, to benefit the limited liability company; or
42.29 	(4) whether or not any separate consideration has been paid or promised to the 
42.30 	limited liability company, has been approved by (i) the owners of two-thirds of the 
42.31 	voting power of persons other than the interested person or persons, or (ii) the unanimous 
42.32 	affirmative vote of all members, whether or not ordinarily entitled to vote.
42.33 	Any such loan, guaranty, surety contract guarantee, suretyship, or other financial 
42.34 	assistance may be with or without interest and may be unsecured or may be secured in 
43.1 	any manner including, without limitation, a grant of a security interest in a member's 
43.2 	transferable interest in the limited liability company. This subdivision does not grant any 
43.3 	authority to act as a bank or to carry on the business of banking.

43.4 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

43.5 	Sec. 16. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 322C.0201, subdivision 4, is amended to read:
43.6 		Subd. 4.Formation. (a) A limited liability company is formed when articles of 
43.7 	organization have been filed with the secretary of state accompanied by a payment of $135.
43.8 	(b) Except in a proceeding by this state to dissolve a limited liability company, the 
43.9 	filing of the articles of organization by the secretary of state is conclusive proof that the 
43.10 	organizer satisfied all conditions to the formation of a limited liability company.
43.11 	(c) The formation of a limited liability company does not by itself cause any person 
43.12 	to become a member. However, this chapter does not preclude an agreement, made before 
43.13 	or after formation of a limited liability company, which provides that one or more persons 
43.14 	will become members, or acknowledging that one or more persons became members, 
43.15 	upon or otherwise in connection with the formation of the limited liability company.

43.16 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

43.17 	Sec. 17. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 322C.0205, subdivision 1, is amended to read:
43.18 		Subdivision 1.Delivery requirements. A record authorized or required to be filed 
43.19 	with the secretary of state under this chapter must be captioned to describe the record's 
43.20 	purpose, be in a medium permitted by the secretary of state, and be delivered to the secretary 
43.21 	of state. If the filing fees have fee of $35 or any filing fee specified in this chapter for the 
43.22 	filing has been paid, unless the secretary of state determines that a record does not comply 
43.23 	with the filing requirements of this chapter, the secretary of state shall file the record and:
43.24 	(1) for a statement of denial under section 322C.0303, send an image of the filed 
43.25 	statement and a receipt for the fees to the person on whose behalf the statement was 
43.26 	delivered for filing and to the limited liability company; and
43.27 	(2) for all other records, send an image of the filed record to the person on whose 
43.28 	behalf the record was filed.

43.29 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

43.30 	Sec. 18. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 322C.0208, is amended to read:
43.31 	322C.0208 ANNUAL REPORT FOR SECRETARY OF STATE.
44.1 	(a) The secretary of state may send annually to each limited liability company, 
44.2 	using the information provided by the limited liability company and foreign limited 
44.3 	liability company pursuant to section 5.002 or 5.34 or the articles of organization, a notice 
44.4 	announcing the need to file the annual renewal and informing the limited liability company 
44.5 	that the annual renewal may be filed online and that paper filings may also be made, and 
44.6 	informing the limited liability company that failing to file the annual renewal will result 
44.7 	in an administrative termination of the limited liability company or the revocation of 
44.8 	the authority of the limited liability company and foreign limited liability company to 
44.9 	do business in Minnesota.
44.10 	(b) Each calendar year beginning in the calendar year following the calendar year in 
44.11 	which a limited liability company and foreign limited liability company files articles of 
44.12 	organization, a limited liability company and foreign limited liability company must file 
44.13 	with the secretary of state by December 31 of each calendar year a renewal containing the 
44.14 	items required by section 5.34. Notwithstanding section 322C.0205, subdivision 1, no 
44.15 	fee is required to file an annual renewal.

44.16 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

44.17 	Sec. 19. Minnesota Statutes 2015 Supplement, section 322C.0407, subdivision 4, 
44.18 	is amended to read:
44.19 		Subd. 4.Board-managed company rules. In a board-managed limited liability 
44.20 	company, the following rules apply:
44.21 	(1) The activities and affairs of a limited liability company are to be managed by and 
44.22 	under the direction of a board of governors, which shall consist of one or more governors 
44.23 	as determined by members holding a majority of the voting power of the members. 
44.24 	Except as specifically stated in this subdivision and section 322C.0202, subdivision 5, 
44.25 	subject to section 322C.0302:
44.26 	(i) the board acts only through an act of the board;
44.27 	(ii) no individual governor has any right or power to act for the limited liability 
44.28 	company; and
44.29 	(iii) only officers, managers, or other agents designated by the board or through a 
44.30 	process approved by the board have the right to act for the limited liability company, and 
44.31 	that right extends only to the extent consistent with the terms of the designation.
44.32 	(2) A governor must be a natural person. A person need not be a member to be a 
44.33 	governor, but the dissociation of a member who is also a governor disqualifies the person 
44.34 	as a governor. If a person who is both a governor and a member ceases to be a governor, 
44.35 	that cessation does not by itself dissociate the person as a member. A person's ceasing 
45.1 	to be a governor does not discharge any debt, obligation, or other liability to the limited 
45.2 	liability company or members which the person incurred while a governor.
45.3 	(3) The method of election and any additional qualifications for governors will 
45.4 	be as determined by members holding a majority of the voting power of the members. 
45.5 	Governors are elected by a plurality of the voting power present and entitled to vote on the 
45.6 	election of governors at a duly called or held meeting at which a quorum is present.
45.7 	(4) A member may waive notice of a meeting for the election of governors. A 
45.8 	member's waiver of notice under this clause is effective whether given before, at, or after 
45.9 	the meeting, and whether given in a record, orally, or by attendance. Attendance by a 
45.10 	member at a meeting for election of governors is a waiver of notice of that meeting, 
45.11 	except where the member objects at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of 
45.12 	business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened and does not participate 
45.13 	in the meeting after the objection.
45.14 	(5) Once elected, a governor holds office for the term for which the governor 
45.15 	was elected and until a successor is elected, or until the earlier death, resignation, 
45.16 	disqualification, or removal of the governor. A governor may resign at any time. A 
45.17 	governor may be removed at any time, without cause and without advance notice, by a 
45.18 	majority of the voting power of all of the members. The existence of vacancies does not 
45.19 	affect the power of the board to function if at least one governor remains in office.
45.20 	(6) When a vacancy occurs, the limited liability company shall immediately notify 
45.21 	all members in a record of the vacancy, stating the cause of the vacancy and the date the 
45.22 	notice is sent. Within 30 days of that date, the members may fill the vacancy in the same 
45.23 	method the members may elect governors under clause (3). If the vacancy is not filled 
45.24 	by the members under this clause, the vacancy may be filled by the affirmative vote of a 
45.25 	majority of the remaining governors, even though less than a quorum.
45.26 	(7) The board shall meet from time to time as determined by members holding a 
45.27 	majority of the voting power of the members, at a place decided by the board. If the day 
45.28 	or date, time, and place of a board of governors meeting have been provided in a board 
45.29 	resolution, or announced at a previous meeting of the board of governors, no notice is 
45.30 	required. Notice of an adjourned meeting need not be given other than by announcement 
45.31 	at the meeting at which adjournment is taken. If notice is required for a meeting, notice 
45.32 	shall be made in the manner stated in clause (8).
45.33 	(8) A governor may call a board meeting by giving at least ten days' notice in a 
45.34 	record to all governors of the date, time, and place of the meeting. The notice need not 
45.35 	state the purpose of the meeting. As to each governor, the notice is effective when given.
45.36 	(i) Notice may be:
46.1 	(A) mailed to the governor at an address designated by the person or at the last 
46.2 	known address of the person;
46.3 	(B) deposited with a nationally recognized overnight delivery service for overnight 
46.4 	delivery or, if overnight delivery to the governor is not available, for delivery as promptly 
46.5 	as practicable to the governor at an address designated by the governor or at the last 
46.6 	known address of the governor;
46.7 	(C) communicated to the governor orally;
46.8 	(D) handed to the governor;
46.9 	(E) given by facsimile communication, electronic mail, or any other form of 
46.10 	electronic communication, if the governor has consented in a record to receive notice 
46.11 	by such means; or
46.12 	(F) by any other means determined by members holding a majority of the voting 
46.13 	power of the members.
46.14 	(ii) The notice is deemed given if by:
46.15 	(A) mail, when deposited in the United States mail with sufficient postage affixed;
46.16 	(B) deposit for delivery, when deposited for delivery as provided in item (i), subitem 
46.17 	(B), with delivery charges prepaid or otherwise provided for by the sender;
46.18 	(C) facsimile communication, when directed to a telephone number at which the 
46.19 	governor has consented in a record to receive notice;
46.20 	(D) electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the 
46.21 	governor has consented in a record to receive notice; and
46.22 	(E) any other form of electronic communication by which the governor has 
46.23 	consented in a record to receive notice, when directed to the governor.
46.24 	(9) A governor may waive notice of a meeting of the board of governors. A waiver 
46.25 	of notice by a governor entitled to notice is effective whether given before, at, or after the 
46.26 	meeting, and whether given in a record, orally, or by attendance. Attendance by a governor 
46.27 	at a meeting is a waiver of notice of that meeting, except where the governor objects at the 
46.28 	beginning of the meeting to the transaction of business because the meeting is not lawfully 
46.29 	called or convened and does not participate in the meeting after the objection.
46.30 	(10) A majority of the governors currently holding office is a quorum for the 
46.31 	transaction of business. When a quorum is present at a duly called or held meeting of 
46.32 	the board, the vote of a majority of the directors present constitutes an act of the board. 
46.33 	If a quorum is present when a duly called or held meeting is convened, the governors 
46.34 	present may continue to transact business until adjournment, even though the withdrawal 
46.35 	of a number of governors originally present leaves less than the proportion or number 
46.36 	otherwise required for a quorum.
47.1 	(11) Any meeting among governors may be conducted solely by one or more means 
47.2 	of remote communication through which all of the governors may participate with each 
47.3 	other during the meeting, if the number of governors participating in the meeting would 
47.4 	be sufficient to constitute a quorum. Participation in a meeting by that means constitutes 
47.5 	presence in person at the meeting.
47.6 	(12) A governor may participate in a board of governors meeting by means of 
47.7 	remote communication, through which the governor, other governors so participating, and 
47.8 	all governors physically present at the meeting may participate with each other during 
47.9 	the meeting. Participation in a meeting by that means constitutes presence in person 
47.10 	at the meeting.
47.11 	(13) An action required or permitted to be taken at a board meeting may be taken 
47.12 	by written action signed by the number of governors that would be required to take the 
47.13 	same action at a meeting of the board of governors at which all governors were present. 
47.14 	The written action is effective when signed by the required number of governors, unless a 
47.15 	different effective time is provided in the written action. When written action is permitted 
47.16 	to be taken by less than all governors, all governors must be notified immediately of its 
47.17 	text and effective date. Failure to provide the notice does not invalidate the written action. 
47.18 	A governor who does not sign or consent to the written action has no liability for the 
47.19 	action or actions taken by the written action.
47.20 	(14) If the board designates a person as "chief manager," "president," "chief 
47.21 	executive officer," "CEO," or another title of similar import, that person shall:
47.22 	(i) serve as an agent of the limited liability company at the will of the board, without 
47.23 	prejudice to any rights the person may have under a contract with the limited liability 
47.24 	company;
47.25 	(ii) have general active management of the business of the limited liability company, 
47.26 	subject to the supervision and control of the board;
47.27 	(iii) see that all orders and resolutions of the board of governors are carried into effect;
47.28 	(iv) sign and deliver in the name of the limited liability company any deeds, 
47.29 	mortgages, bonds, contracts, or other instruments pertaining to the business of the limited 
47.30 	liability company, except in cases in which the authority to sign and deliver is required by 
47.31 	law to be exercised by another person or is expressly delegated by the board of governors 
47.32 	to some other officer or agent of the limited liability company;
47.33 	(v) maintain records of and, whenever necessary, certify all proceedings of the 
47.34 	board of governors and the members; and
47.35 	(vi) perform other duties prescribed by the board of governors.
48.1 	(15) If the board designates a person as "treasurer," "chief financial officer," "CFO," 
48.2 	or another title of similar import, that person shall:
48.3 	(i) serve as an agent of the limited liability company at the will of the board, without 
48.4 	prejudice to any rights the person may have under a contract with the limited liability 
48.5 	company;
48.6 	(ii) keep accurate financial records for the limited liability company;
48.7 	(iii) deposit all money, drafts, and checks in the name of and to the credit of the limited 
48.8 	liability company in the banks and depositories designated by the board of governors;
48.9 	(iv) endorse for deposit all notes, checks, and drafts received by the limited liability 
48.10 	company as ordered by the board of governors, making proper vouchers for them;
48.11 	(v) disburse limited liability company funds and issue checks and drafts in the name 
48.12 	of the limited liability company, as ordered by the board of governors;
48.13 	(vi) give to the chief executive officer and the board of governors, whenever 
48.14 	requested, an account of all transactions by the chief financial officer and of the financial 
48.15 	condition of the limited liability company; and
48.16 	(vii) perform other duties prescribed by the board of governors or by the chief 
48.17 	executive officer.
48.18 	(16) The consent of all members is required to:
48.19 	(i) sell, lease, exchange, or otherwise dispose of all, or substantially all, of the 
48.20 	company's property, with or without the good will, outside the ordinary course of the 
48.21 	company's activities;, provided that member consent is not required for:
48.22 	(A) the grant of a security interest in all or substantially all of the company's property 
48.23 	and assets, whether or not in the usual and regular course of its business; or
48.24 	(B) transfer of any or all of the company's property to an organization all the 
48.25 	ownership interests of which are owned directly or indirectly through wholly owned 
48.26 	organizations, by the company;
48.27 	(ii) approve a merger, conversion, or domestication under sections 322C.1001 to 
48.28 	322C.1015; and
48.29 	(iii) amend the operating agreement.
48.30 	(17) Subject to section 322C.1204, subdivision 3, for purposes of this subdivision, 
48.31 	each member possesses voting power in proportion to the member's interest in distributions 
48.32 	of the limited liability company prior to dissolution and a majority of the voting power of 
48.33 	the members is a quorum at a meeting of the members.

48.34 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

49.1 	Sec. 20. Minnesota Statutes 2015 Supplement, section 322C.1007, subdivision 1, 
49.2 	is amended to read:
49.3 		Subdivision 1.Conversion requirements. Pursuant to this section, sections 
49.4 	322C.1008 to 322C.1010, and a plan of conversion, an organization other than a limited 
49.5 	liability company, a foreign limited liability company, a nonprofit corporation, or an 
49.6 	organization owning assets irrevocably dedicated to a charitable purpose, may convert 
49.7 	to a limited liability company other than a nonprofit limited liability company, and a 
49.8 	limited liability company other than a nonprofit limited liability company may convert to 
49.9 	an organization other than a foreign limited liability company, or a corporation governed 
49.10 	by chapter 304A, if:
49.11 	(1) the other organization's governing statute authorizes the conversion;
49.12 	(2) the conversion is not prohibited by other law of this state or the law of the 
49.13 	jurisdiction that enacted the other organization's governing statute; and
49.14 	(3) the other organization complies with its governing statute in effecting the 
49.15 	conversion.

49.16 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective the day following final enactment.

49.17 	Sec. 21. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 322C.1011, subdivision 1, is amended to read:
49.18 		Subdivision 1.Foreign limited liability company. A foreign limited liability 
49.19 	company may become a limited liability company pursuant to this section, sections 
49.20 	322C.1011 to 322C.1013, and a plan of domestication if:
49.21 	(1) the foreign limited liability company's governing statute authorizes the 
49.22 	domestication, whether described by the laws of the foreign jurisdiction as a domestication, 
49.23 	a conversion, or otherwise;
49.24 	(2) the domestication is not prohibited by the law of the jurisdiction that enacted 
49.25 	the governing statute; and
49.26 	(3) the foreign limited liability company complies with its governing statute in 
49.27 	effecting the domestication.

49.28 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.

49.29 	Sec. 22. Minnesota Statutes 2014, section 322C.1011, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
49.30 		Subd. 2.Domestic limited liability company. A limited liability company may 
49.31 	become a foreign limited liability company pursuant to this section, sections 322C.1011 to 
49.32 	322C.1013, and a plan of domestication if:
50.1 	(1) the foreign limited liability company's governing statute authorizes the 
50.2 	domestication, whether described by the laws of the foreign jurisdiction as a domestication, 
50.3 	a conversion, or otherwise;
50.4 	(2) the domestication is not prohibited by the law of the jurisdiction that enacted 
50.5 	the governing statute; and
50.6 	(3) the foreign limited liability company complies with its governing statute in 
50.7 	effecting the domestication.

50.8 	EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective retroactively from August 1, 2015.